American Journal of Orthopsychiatry最新文献

This study investigates the perceptions and interpretations of loneliness-related issues among older adults enrolled in an online photovoice group intervention program. It specifically examines their engagement with group activities conducted through the Zoom platform and the diverse experiences they acquired through their involvement in the group. In a qualitative-phenomenological study involving 22 older adult participants, data were collected via semistructured, in-depth interviews and subsequently analyzed through content analysis. Three major themes emerged from the data analysis: (1) the supportive dimension-the social support element of belonging to a group, the group as a safe place; (2) the values dimension-values of relational rather than aesthetic artistic expression, values of voice expression; and (3) the dimension of opening new opportunities-photographs as enhancing and enriching group communication, as well as Zoom enabling closeness, and relationships that continued after the program. The Zoom-based photovoice intervention emerged as an exceptionally accessible and cost-efficient method for mitigating loneliness, even with the challenges of managing digital communication. This study reveals the crucial necessity of offering comprehensive support concerning the utilization of the Zoom platform for the older adult population. The findings of this study propose a promising accessible framework for future interventions to reduce loneliness among older adults amidst crises as well as during normal conditions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Arab-Palestinian gay men (APGM) in Israel are considered both a sexual minority and a national-ethnic-religious minority group. This locates APGM at the nexus of multiple marginal positions within their local Arab communities and in Israeli society at large. Despite the complexity of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning Arabs' social position worldwide, research in this area remains limited. This exploratory qualitative study aimed to address this gap by employing an intersectional lens to examine the social exclusion and inclusion of APGM. We applied purposive and snowball sampling for interviews (N = 20) and a focus group (N = 8) with APGM living in traditional rural communities in Israel. The study findings reveal that participants experience numerous forms of exclusion across three main life spheres: the family and local community sphere, the educational and economic sphere, and the intimate sphere. This dynamic creates a form of hyperexclusion, reinforced by structural stigma, which can limit life opportunities and negatively influence health and well-being of APGM. We draw on intersectionality theory and studies of Arab and Muslim sexual minorities to discuss the study findings and suggest implications for research, policy, and practice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Hispanic young adults in the United States exhibit high rates of depression, anxiety, and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). A positive association exists between ACEs, depression, and anxiety among Hispanics. It is unknown if social support subtypes moderate the relationship between ACEs, depression, and anxiety. Data from 260 heavy-drinking Hispanic young adults, ages 19-30, were collected via various platforms (e.g., social media, web panels, flyering). We assessed for ACEs, domains of social support, depression, and anxiety. Ordinary least square regression models tested the main effects of ACEs and social support on depression and anxiety symptoms. We then performed moderation analyses to test if high levels of social support subtypes weakened the relationship between ACEs, depression, and anxiety. Participants were mostly cisgender women (59.6%), "Mexican, Mexican American, or Chicano" (61%), and second generation (84.1%). Participants' mean age was 24.39 (SD = 3.069). Main effects models showed that ACEs were positively associated with depression; social support subtypes were negatively associated with depression. The social support total and tangible support scales moderated the relationship between ACEs and depression. The main effects models showed total social support, emotional/informational, and social companionship association with anxiety were negative. Social support total, tangible, social companionship, and affectionate support moderated the relationship between ACEs and anxiety symptoms. Across all moderations, tangible support explained most of the variance; specifically, the effect of tangible support on depression/anxiety lessened when people experienced greater ACEs. This adds to our understanding of how specific types of support buffer the relationship between ACEs, depression, and anxiety. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Latinx youth can face a range of cultural and systemic stressors-stressors they experience due to anti-Latinx xenophobia and racism and having to navigate their distinct U.S. American and Latinx culture/s. The current investigation uses focus group methodology to hear the voices of Latinx youth and gain deeper insights into how Latinx youth experience cultural and systemic stressors in their daily life. We conducted six focus groups with 45 Latinx 9th- and 10th-grade high school students (50% girls; 0% nonbinary; M_age = 15.3 years; 82% Mexican) from a large and diverse Central Texas school district. Using a reflexive thematic analysis approach, we constructed five themes of cultural and systemic stressors: (a) being othered: treated as different, inferior, and/or a foreigner; (b) cultural racism resulting in linguistic and social isolation; (c) anti-immigration policies: hardships and barriers in daily life; (d) economic disadvantage: greater stress and pressure to succeed; and (e) familial cultural conflict driven by parental fear of adolescent cultural loss. These findings contribute to the cultural and systemic stressor literature by elevating youth's voices and identifying stressor experiences that are currently not captured in quantitative measures of cultural and systemic stressors. Scholarship on cultural and systemic stressors could include a larger focus on intersecting social positions (e.g., immigration status, gender, class) and individual characteristics (e.g., skin tone, language use). We discuss the implications for preventive interventions to support youth and reduce the occurrence of cultural and systemic stressors for them. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Subjective social status (SSS) is an important indicator of health outcomes, yet little is known about SSS among youth in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) parent families, who are characterized by substantial diversity (e.g., race/ethnicity, sexual and gender identity, socioeconomic status). Youth with LGBTQ+ parents are also underrepresented in the family science literature. To address this gap, this study involved semistructured interviews from 50 youth (12-25 years old) with LGBTQ+ parents in the United States regarding perceptions of their family's SSS. A coding manual thematic analysis resulted in five themes: common indicators of socioeconomic status, language reflecting class status, behaviors reflecting class status, contextual understandings of SSS, and unexpected crises. Analyses suggested that participants' (and their parents') identities were descriptively associated with participants' understanding of SSS. Findings provide a greater understanding of SSS and associated characteristics (e.g., gender identity; geographic region) among youth and broaden our understanding of how intersectional social positions may produce novel experiences and outcomes (e.g., gender and household structure impacting SSS rather than LGBTQ+ identity independently). These findings provide clear targets for interventions, community programs, and public policies that promote youth development, especially among LGBTQ+ parent families. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

We present a historical background and narrative review of meta-analyses on sex offender sexual recidivism and treatment, as anchor points for forensic mental health testimony in civil commitment hearings. Themes flowing from the meta-analyses included sexual recidivism for adults and juveniles, jurisdictional differences, treatment versus no treatment, empirically supported risk factors, operational definition of recidivism, offense type, motivation, research design, length of follow-up, diversity considerations, and treatment model, modality, specialization, and setting. We show where meta-analytic results appear to converge and diverge. We also present important null findings, findings from individual studies, and limitations. Our review suggests an examiner's opinion in favor of commitment may be more persuasive when anchored in the individual's history of repeat sexual offending, sexual deviancy, antisociality, and dropout from treatment. Procommitment opinions may be further supported via mention of longer follow-ups generally predicting more sexual recidivism, potentially higher numbers of unreported sex crimes, and the limitations of treatment and rehabilitation studies. An examiner's opinion in disfavor to commitment can be anchored in generally low rates of sexual reoffending, most meta-analyses supporting substantial treatment benefit even for high-risk individuals, studies suggesting rehabilitation failures may have much to do with poor quality treatment, inadequate research on cultural minority individuals, and perhaps null findings on voluntary versus involuntary treatment and the operational definition of sexual recidivism. Limitations of our recommended approach include that meta-analyses have a high proportion of redundant and older samples, often use nonequivalent statistical procedures, and may overlook important findings from individual studies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

This study aims to examine the impact of perceived workplace discrimination (PWD) on the recovery of people with mental illness (PMI). Grounded in social cognitive theory, it was hypothesized that PWD is associated with poorer clinical, functional, and personal recovery through the underlying mechanisms of self-stigma, organizational justice, and psychological capital (PsyCap). A total of 265 employed PMI in Hong Kong, diagnosed with anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or other psychotic disorders, completed a structured questionnaire assessing PWD, self-stigma, organizational justice, PsyCap, symptom remission, functional restoration, and personal recovery. Serial mediation analysis revealed that PWD had an indirect association with all three recovery outcomes through the mediating factors of self-stigma, organizational justice, and PsyCap. Specifically, PWD was found to be linked to worsened recovery by exacerbating PMI's endorsement of negative stereotypes and prejudicial attitudes, reducing their perceptions of organizational justice, and subsequently depleting their psychological resources. This study provides initial evidence that discrimination against PMI in the workplace significantly hinders their recovery. The findings underscore the crucial role of organizational justice in fostering PsyCap, which in turn facilitates the recovery of PMI. Employers and managers are encouraged to prioritize addressing workplace discrimination and maintaining a fair and just work environment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Mindfulness and strength-based prevention programs hold promise in building family and individual assets and providing buffering for Latine families facing adversity. However, their use and effectiveness for this population remains underresearched and warrants further study (Clarke et al., 2022). Latine families are disproportionately affected by stressors that impact mental and physical health outcomes (Nagy et al., 2022). Socioecological and family systems models help to underscore the influence of contextual factors and multiple levels of youth's social ecologies on mental health outcomes and ways to support resilience and positive youth trajectories. This mixed-methods study presents acceptability and preliminary effectiveness data on a brief child and caregiver resilience program (Honor, Educación, Respeto, Oportunidad, Esperanza, Soluciones), incorporating mindfulness and restorative practices. Codesigned with community partners, the program involved four sessions facilitated by promotores de salud (community health workers) and peer mentors. Participants included 42 Mexican origin youth and 39 Mexican immigrant female caregivers. Measures examined mindfulness and depression for youth and parenting stress for caregivers. The program demonstrated high acceptability, with 100% youth attendance and 95% caregiver attendance. Youth narrative responses revealed key themes about their motivations for practicing mindfulness and their perceptions of the practice on their socioemotional well-being. Mixed analysis of covariances show that, postsurvey, youth in Honor, Educación, Respeto, Oportunidad, Esperanza, Soluciones reported less depression and caregivers reported decreased parenting stress compared to the waitlist control group (p < .05). Results highlight the importance of considering relational and contextual elements that may impact Latine youth and families across socioecological levels. Clinical and research implications for mindfulness and strength-based, culturally relevant prevention efforts will be discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

The Bedouin population living in unrecognized villages (UVs) in the Naqab/Negev region constitutes an ethnic and cultural minority that represents the most disadvantaged sector of Israeli society across economic, social, and educational spheres. This article is based on two research projects conducted in the UVs, involving 46 Bedouin mothers and 38 children aged 4-5 years, focusing on their perspectives regarding risk and protection. The research aims to amplify the voices of individuals who are often unheard, shedding light on the lived realities of families amid ongoing political conflict. Using a qualitative, context-informed approach, the study highlights significant challenges faced by these families due to their marginalized status and reveals both differences and similarities in risk perceptions between mothers and children. Mothers provide insights into family dynamics, cultural expectations, and sociopolitical obstacles-such as the lack of essential services-that shape their views on risk and protection. In contrast, children share unique reflections based on immediate experiences-such as fears of the dark and the absence of safe areas-often lacking the broader contextual awareness present in adults. Both groups identified family and community support as important protective factors. However, mothers also highlighted spirituality, education, and technology, while children pointed to nature, pets, and their homes as meaningful coping mechanisms. Study results can be used to advocate for targeted policies and practical recommendations to address the unique needs of Bedouin families in UVs, emphasizing the importance of culturally sensitive interventions that consider historical, sociopolitical, and ecological contexts, ultimately informing more effective support strategies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are increasingly used in clinical and community settings and show significant potential to address a broad range of physical and mental health outcomes. This potential has led to calls for ever greater implementation of MBIs internationally, particularly with vulnerable populations and in low-resource settings. However, the effectiveness of MBIs has not been unequivocally demonstrated across populations, contexts, and health outcomes, with some studies failing to show treatment effects or even showing iatrogenic effects. Simultaneously, health care and public health systems globally struggle to address population health needs within a medical paradigm that, in general, individualizes pathology while obscuring the structural causes of health disparities. It is therefore critical to note that most research and practice in the mindfulness space have focused on change processes exclusively at the individual level. In populations lacking access to basic needs such as physical safety, food, shelter, social support, health care, education, and financial stability, change processes at the individual level do not adequately address the conditions that impact human development and produce disease. In this article, we make a call to action urging MBI implementers in global health to (a) center community ownership; (b) attend to inequities in power both within communities and between researchers and communities; (c) engage cross-sector networks of community stakeholders to identify resources, resiliencies, and areas of most urgent need; (d) address community-defined needs and change processes at multiple social-ecological levels; and (e) incorporate complementary interventions that address both basic needs and the social drivers of human development and disease. Drawing on developments in implementation science, social science, and community practice, we provide guidance on directions and methods for future work to achieve these ends. Using this guidance, researchers and interventionists may catalyze the development of a community-owned, materially engaged, relational model of MBI, which has the potential to effect positive social change. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).