Auris Nasus Larynx最新文献

{"title":"Clinical relevance of the new classification for mastoid progression in the staging and classification criteria for middle ear cholesteatoma proposed by the Japan Otological society.","authors":"Yuka Morita, Tatsuya Yamagishi, Masahiro Takahashi, Yasuhiro Tanaka, Kuniyuki Takahashi, Tsukasa Ito, Yusuke Ayani, Natsumi Uehara, Manabu Komori, Yoshihiko Hiraga, Naoki Ohishi, Akira Ganaha, Yutaka Yamamoto, Shin-Ichi Haginomori, Tetsuya Tono","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2026.01.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2026.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the clinical significance of the newly proposed Japan Otological Society (JOS) classification for mastoid extension (M subdivision: M0, M1, M2) in patients with middle ear cholesteatoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with newly diagnosed middle ear cholesteatoma who underwent primary surgery at participating institutions between January 2021 and December 2022 were included. The extent of disease was classified according to the 2015 JOS staging system, with mastoid extension further subdivided into M0 (no mastoid extension), M1 (limited to the antrum), and M2 (extending beyond the antrum or the lateral SCC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 527 patients from 11 institutions were registered. Among them, 332 ears (63%) had pars flaccida cholesteatoma, 59 (11%) had pars tensa cholesteatoma, 69 (13%) had congenital cholesteatoma, 40 (8%) had cholesteatoma secondary to pars tensa perforation, and 27 (5%) were unclassifiable. Staging distribution included 112 ears (22%) classified as Stage I, 350 (66%) as Stage II, and 65 (12%) as Stage III; none were Stage IV. Mastoid extension was classified as M0 in 245 ears (46.2%), M1 in 123 (23.8%), and M2 in 159 (30.0%). Mastoid involvement was significantly more common in pars flaccida cholesteatoma, and higher M subdivision correlated with higher JOS stage. The transcanal atticotomy was most often used for M0 cases, whereas canal wall up and canal wall down tympanoplasty predominated in M1 and M2 groups. The use of transcanal endoscopic ear surgery decreased significantly with greater mastoid extension. No significant differences in recurrence rates or postoperative hearing outcomes were observed among the M subdivisions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The JOS classification of mastoid extension provides a practical and meaningful framework for assessing middle ear cholesteatoma. Although it did not affect short-term outcomes, the M subdivision offers useful guidance for surgical planning and reflects disease extent more precisely.</p>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"53 2","pages":"239-244"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146101078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metachronous development of bilateral external auditory canal cancer","authors":"Hiroaki Masuda ,&nbsp;Kazushi Fujiyama ,&nbsp;Sanami Azuma ,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Mukai ,&nbsp;Anjin Mori ,&nbsp;Sadahiro Kishishita ,&nbsp;Sakiko Miura ,&nbsp;Teppei Morikawa ,&nbsp;Kazunari Nakao","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2026.01.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2026.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cancer originating from the external auditory canal (EAC) is rare, which precludes a clear understanding of the disease and its management approaches. We present an extremely rare case of bilateral auditory canal carcinoma that occurred heterochronously. Bilateral treatments resulted in good disease control and EAC structure preservation, which could accommodate various hearing aid options after cancer treatment. While disease control is the most crucial aspect to be considered when choosing a treatment of EAC cancer, one should also consider potential hearing ability in patients post-surgery, particularly in those with bilateral lesions, as it greatly influences the quality of life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 230-233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current status of powered intracapsular tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy: A minimally invasive paradigm for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea surgery","authors":"Masamitsu Kono ,&nbsp;Masao Noda ,&nbsp;Manabu Komori ,&nbsp;Nayu Yokoyama ,&nbsp;Masakazu Hamamoto ,&nbsp;Mari Shimada ,&nbsp;Hirotaka Hara ,&nbsp;Makoto Ito","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2026.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2026.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To provide a practical, evidence-informed guide for clinicians on powered intracapsular tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (PITA) in pediatric patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A narrative synthesis of contemporary studies, metaanalyses, and guideline statements on indications, techniques, devices, outcomes, complications, and implementation considerations for PITA was conducted. Device parameters and workflow tips are provided for practical reference.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PITA consistently reduces secondary hemorrhage and pain, shortens the time to resumption of normal diet and activity and lowers the risk of readmission for dehydration relative to conventional extracapsular tonsillectomy. It also results in comparable resolution of obstructive symptoms in appropriately selected children. Endoscopic powered adenoidectomy enables complete, targeted resection under direct vision, protects the Eustachian tube and soft palate, and reduces revision rates relative to blind curettage. The trade-offs include a small but real risk of tonsillar regrowth (⁓2–6%) and a learning curve for powered/endoscopic techniques. The practical device settings (coblation ablation, 7–9; microdebrider, 600–800 rpm), endoscopic routes (transoral, 70°; transnasal, 0°), and safety pearls are provided.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PITA is a safe, efficient, and patient-centered treatment option for pediatric adenotonsillar disease, especially obstructive sleep apnea, when performed with endoscopic visualization and capsule preservation. Standardization of training, perioperative management including postoperative pain control and recovery course, and long-term outcome tracking will further promote its adoption in guidelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 217-229"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovations in paediatric cholesteatoma surgery","authors":"Adrian L James","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2026.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2026.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The management of children with cholesteatoma has advanced over the course of this century thanks to innovations in surgical instrumentation and other aspects of care. A narrative review giving a perspective on the contributions of advances such as dedicated equipment for endoscopic ear surgery including powered instrumentation and KTP laser, and other areas including CT and MRI imaging, is provided. These have helped raise the standard of care from achieving a “safe dry ear” potentially with a mastoid cavity, to less invasive approaches that can deliver a functionally and cosmetically normal ear in many cases. Areas in need of further innovative approaches persist in the control of residual and recurrent cholesteatoma and hearing loss. Surgeons are advised to be wary of over-reliance on the use of untested hypothetical mechanisms when considering the adoption of new technologies, such as Eustachian tube balloon dilatation. Improved standards for data collection, analysis and reporting will help ensure that efficacious and cost-effective innovations are adopted in future to further improve outcomes from the care of paediatric cholesteatoma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 207-216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical factors for successful outcomes of endoscopic dacryocystrhinostomy","authors":"Hiroaki Masuda ,&nbsp;Yasushi Ota ,&nbsp;Atsushi Kuramochi ,&nbsp;Ryosuke Yoshino ,&nbsp;Hitomi Ikeda ,&nbsp;Kotaro Ochi ,&nbsp;Seikei Kan ,&nbsp;Motoyoshi Kurosaki ,&nbsp;Taro Takanami ,&nbsp;Toshitake Tanaka ,&nbsp;Munetaka Ushio","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2026.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2026.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the factors that influence successful outcomes of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (En-DCR), such as patency of the newly created ostium and lacrimal symptom improvement.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective, single-center study evaluated the medical records of individuals who underwent En-DCR at our institution between 2012 and 2023. A successful outcome was defined as both symptomatic improvement and patency of the newly created ostium at the last visit. The clinical factors influencing the outcome were analyzed using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This study evaluated 155 patients (age [mean ± SD] 69.2 ± 14.1 years; 113 women, 42 men, and 239 sides). Symptomatic improvement and a newly created ostium were observed in 181 sides (75.7 %). In multivariate analyses, the significant factors associated with successful En-DCR outcomes were placement of a silicone stent (hazard ratio [HR], 1.67; <em>p</em> = 0.0017), identification of a lacrimal puncta on the lateral wall of the lacrimal sac with an endoscope (HR, 1.96; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), and perioperative use of a lacrimal duct endoscope (HR, 2.03; <em>p</em> = 0.0011).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The critical factors influencing successful outcomes of En-DCR were the placement of a silicone stent, identification of the lacrimal puncta on the lateral wall of the lacrimal sac, and active use of a lacrimal duct endoscope. These findings may contribute to improving the success rate of En-DCR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 201-206"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transoral surgery for hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancers in Japan: Current status from a nationwide multicenter retrospective study","authors":"Koji Araki ,&nbsp;Seiichi Yoshimoto ,&nbsp;Takashi Fujii ,&nbsp;Hiroki Mitani ,&nbsp;Takashi Mukaigawa ,&nbsp;Takahiro Asakage ,&nbsp;Akihito Watanabe ,&nbsp;Koichi Kano ,&nbsp;Kenji Okami ,&nbsp;Shigemichi Iwae ,&nbsp;Takahiro Tsujikawa ,&nbsp;Daisuke Sano ,&nbsp;Masami Osaki ,&nbsp;Naoki Nishio ,&nbsp;Nobuhiro Hanai ,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Arai ,&nbsp;Mitsuhiko Nakahira ,&nbsp;Yuki Saito ,&nbsp;Kenzo Ohara ,&nbsp;Takayuki Imai ,&nbsp;Ken-ichi Nibu","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.12.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.12.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>In this nationwide retrospective study, we sought to evaluate the oncologic and functional outcomes and safety of transoral surgery (TOS) for hypopharyngeal and laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas in Japan and to clarify the appropriate indications for various TOS modalities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were obtained from the Head and Neck Cancer Registry of Japan. Patients who underwent transoral or endoscopic resection between 2011 and 2016 were selected. Detailed clinical information was collected from 55 institutions using web-based case report forms. Surgical modalities analyzed included endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), endoscopic laryngopharyngeal surgery (ELPS), transoral laser microsurgery (TLM), and transoral videolaryngoscopic surgery (TOVS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 1825 patients were included (hypopharyngeal cancer, 62.5 %; laryngeal cancer, 37.5 %). Most cases (77.5 %) were T1 or lower, and 90.8 % were Stage II or earlier. TLM is predominantly used for glottic cancers, ELPS/ESD for superficial hypopharyngeal lesions, and TOVS for more advanced tumors, reflecting distinct indications for each modality. The 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) were 97.1 %, 84.3 %, and 85.4 %, respectively. The laryngeal preservation rate was 98.2 %. Tracheostomy was performed in 5.0 % of cases, mainly for airway protection; major complications, including pneumonia (2.4 %), hemorrhage (1.1 %), fistula formation (0.4 %), and vocal cord fixation (2.6 %), occurred in &lt;3 % of patients. Postoperative functional outcomes were favorable, with persistent dysphagia (Functional Outcome Swallowing Scale stage ≥ 3) in 1.6 % and tube feeding dependence in 1.8 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Non-robot-assisted TOS demonstrated excellent oncologic control and functional preservation of the larynx with low complication rates in early-stage hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancers. Each surgical modality has distinct indications depending on the tumor site, depth of invasion, and institutional expertise. These findings support the use of TOS as a safe and effective treatment option for selected patients. Further procedural standardization and data accumulation are required to refine the indications and facilitate their broader adoption in clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 188-200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146020786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of structured patient-to-patient communication on fear of cancer recurrence in total laryngectomy patients: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Yiyao Liu ,&nbsp;Wenjing Li ,&nbsp;Chen He ,&nbsp;Licheng Xu ,&nbsp;Yujian Teng ,&nbsp;Lei Zhang ,&nbsp;Ying Zhao ,&nbsp;Jiarui Zhang ,&nbsp;Linli Tian ,&nbsp;Mei Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2026.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2026.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a patient-to-patient communication model (PPM) in reducing fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) among laryngeal cancer patients after total laryngectomy, and to explore factors influencing FCR and its relationship with swallowing-related quality of life (SWAL-QOL).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this randomized controlled trial, 85 laryngeal cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment were divided into three groups: Routine Group (RG, n=25) receiving standard care, Patients' Group (PG, n=30) participating in patient-to-patient communication sessions, and Psychologists' Group (PHG, n=30) receiving professional psychological support. Assessments were conducted using the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory (FCRI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and SWAL-QOL questionnaire at multiple time points.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The PG demonstrated significantly greater improvement in FCR reduction compared to both RG and PHG groups. At 3 months post-treatment, the PG showed a 38% reduction in FCRI scores versus 12% in RG and 22% in PHG. SWAL-QOL scores improved most substantially in the PG (64.7) compared to PHG (51.3) and RG (38.7) at one month post-treatment. Educational level and postoperative quality of life were identified as significant factors influencing FCR severity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The patient-to-patient communication model proves to be an effective intervention for reducing FCR in laryngectomy patients, particularly during the critical periods before surgery and within the first postoperative week. This approach offers a valuable, low-cost complementary strategy to conventional psychological support in cancer rehabilitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 180-187"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146020767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term outcomes of cochlear implants in patients over 65: Hearing thresholds remain stable, but speech perception declines with age","authors":"Kanako Kondo ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Yamazaki ,&nbsp;Kayoko Mizuno ,&nbsp;Seiko Kawae ,&nbsp;Namie Iguchi ,&nbsp;Naoe Mori ,&nbsp;Yosuke Tona ,&nbsp;Ken Kojima ,&nbsp;Norio Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Juichi Ito ,&nbsp;Koichi Omori","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2026.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2026.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate long-term cochlear implant (CI) outcomes in elderly patients aged ≥65 years, with a particular focus on the impact of implantation age and chronological age at testing on auditory performance.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective study of 53 postlingually deafened adults aged ≥65 years at the time of outcome evaluation who underwent unilateral CI at our institute between 1987 and 2019. Patients were divided into two groups according to age at implantation: the Younger-elderly group (&lt;75 years; <em>n</em> = 36) and the Older-elderly group (≥75 years; <em>n</em> = 17). Postoperative aided thresholds and monosyllabic speech discrimination scores in quiet were collected annually up to 10 years postoperatively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CI-aided thresholds remained stable over 10 years after implantation and did not differ between groups (<em>p</em> = 0.40). In contrast, speech discrimination scores were significantly poorer in the Older-elderly group compared with the Younger-elderly group (<em>p</em> = 0.020). Regression analyses confirmed that chronological age at testing, but not age at implantation, was a significant predictor of speech outcomes (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001). Notably, patients aged ≥80 years exhibited mean CI-aided speech discrimination below 50 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>CI effectively restored hearing thresholds in elderly patients, independent of implantation age. However, speech perception declined progressively with advancing test age, particularly in those ≥80 years, suggesting that central auditory and cognitive aging are the primary constraints on long-term outcomes. Candidacy criteria should therefore be applied cautiously in this age group, with thorough preoperative counseling to establish realistic expectations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 174-179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146013496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A retrospective descriptive study of unilateral subjective paroxysmal tinnitus: Clinical characteristics and exploratory findings on carbamazepine","authors":"Shuki Nishio ,&nbsp;Kayoko Kabaya ,&nbsp;Mariko Takahashi ,&nbsp;Ayano Kojima ,&nbsp;Ayano Imafuji ,&nbsp;Takahisa Aoyama ,&nbsp;Toshiya Minakata ,&nbsp;Shinichi Esaki ,&nbsp;Shinichi Iwasaki","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2026.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2026.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To descriptively characterize a retrospective case series of patients with unilateral subjective paroxysmal tinnitus, and to explore the potential therapeutic effects of carbamazepine as hypothesis-generating observations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective review was conducted of 829 patients who presented with tinnitus as their primary complaint. Patients diagnosed with unilateral subjective paroxysmal tinnitus were included, and those who received treatment with carbamazepine were analyzed in detail. Data regarding patient demographics, tinnitus characteristics, accompanying symptoms, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and treatment responses to carbamazepine were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Forty-eight patients (5.8%) were identified as having paroxysmal tinnitus. Eight of these patients had causes unrelated to neurovascular compression. The remaining 40 patients (4.8%; 20 males, 20 females; mean age 63.5 years) presented with unilateral subjective tinnitus. Among them, 18 (2.2%) underwent treatment with carbamazepine. Among the carbamazepine-treated patients, vestibular symptoms were the most frequently reported accompanying symptom, noted in 14 patients (77.8%). MRI revealed arterial compression of the eighth cranial nerve in 2 patients (11.1%) and vascular-nerve contact in 10 patients (55.6%). Treatment with carbamazepine resulted in complete symptom resolution in 6 patients, partial improvement in 10, and no confirmed effect in 2, yielding an overall improvement rate of 88.9%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this retrospective case series, we described the heterogeneous clinical features of unilateral subjective paroxysmal tinnitus. While symptom improvement was observed among carbamazepine-treated cases regardless of MRI findings, the presence of an untreated subgroup, lack of a control group, and limitations of outcome measures warrant caution against causal claims of efficacy. Future studies with prospective comparative designs and validated quality-of-life endpoints are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 165-173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145986739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Summary of Japanese clinical practice guidelines 2025 for the management of olfactory dysfunction","authors":"Kenzo Tsuzuki ,&nbsp;Masakazu Hamamoto ,&nbsp;Mutsumi Iijima ,&nbsp;Masayoshi Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Kenji Kondo ,&nbsp;Eri Mori ,&nbsp;Yoshiharu Motoo ,&nbsp;Keigo Nakamura ,&nbsp;Fumino Okutani ,&nbsp;Minori Shibata ,&nbsp;Hideaki Shiga ,&nbsp;Kumiko Suzuki ,&nbsp;Motohiko Suzuki ,&nbsp;Shohei Horii ,&nbsp;Ayako Inoshita ,&nbsp;Yui Kawai ,&nbsp;Shu Kikuta ,&nbsp;Shunichi Miyazaki ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Morishita ,&nbsp;Hironobu Nishijima ,&nbsp;Takaki Miwa","doi":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anl.2025.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of the ‘Summary of Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines 2025 for the Management of Olfactory Dysfunction’ is to review the latest evidence regarding olfactory dysfunction and to present the current standard approaches for diagnosis and treatment. For the present guidelines, the Clinical Practice Guideline Committee, which is composed of otorhinolaryngologists, neurologists and oncologists with extensive experience treating patients with olfactory dysfunction, was formed by the Japanese Rhinologic Society. The Committee revised and updated the ‘Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Olfactory Dysfunction 2019 Edition’. Following a public comment period, the guidelines underwent external evaluation through peer review by the Scientific Committee of the Japanese Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. A total of 16 clinical questions consisting of three categories (diagnosis, treatment, and neurodegenerative diseases associated with dementia), are comprehensively described. These evidence-based recommendations were compiled with the consensus of the Guideline Committee.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55627,"journal":{"name":"Auris Nasus Larynx","volume":"53 1","pages":"Pages 111-127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145967861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}