Fibers and Polymers最新文献

A significant challenge in the clothing industry is sustainable manufacturing with reduced exposure to toxic chemicals. This research presents a novel modification in the resin finishing of cotton fabric via successful compounding of etherified DMDHEU resin, waterborne polyurethane (WPU), and polyethylene wax (PEW) and its application by one-step eco-friendly route (Pad-Dry-Cure). Our hybrid finish formulation (DMDHEU resin/WPU/PEW) perfectly balanced ultra-high wear resistance, fast wrinkle recovery rate, and comfort properties. The optimal application conditions for etherified 2D resin and the conventional catalytic system magnesium chloride (MgCl₂) were determined through the PAD-DRY-Cure finishing route, focusing on parameters such as resin concentration, curing time, and temperature. Second, a compounding of waterborne polyurethane (WPU) and etherified DMDHEU resin finish formulation was obtained, followed by an application and evaluation of the corresponding performance properties of the finished fabric with the compounded DMDHEU resin/WPU. Third, polyethylene wax (PEW) synthesis followed by cotton fabric finishing using optimized PEW and DMDHEU resin/ WPU hybrid finish formulation was done. Finally, finished fabric properties were investigated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) structural analysis to examine its microstructure. Under optimized finishing conditions, the hybrid finish formulation consisting of MDHEU resin/WPU/polyethylene wax (PEW) application on cotton fabric demonstrated efficient wear resistance, high wrinkle recovery rate, and good laundering durability. Additionally, there was minimal loss of tensile strength and better air and water permeability, indicating enhanced wearing comfort.

Graphical Abstract

The textile and chemical industries generate dyes wastewater with full of pollutants, which is very crucial to treat before discharging to the environment for public health safety. In this study, we have successfully prepared novel Cur/ANFs aerogel films by vacuum filtration and freeze–drying method to follow the in situ modification of aramid nanofibers (ANFs) with natural carbohydrate polymer curcumin (Cur) to perform as an antibacterial material and adsorbent for removal of MG dye and metallic ions from aqueous media. The surface morphological properties were studied through SEM, EDS, XPS, FTIR, and XRD analysis. Further, TGA analysis shows the thermal stability of films, while films exhibit a moderate reduction in tensile strength upon addition of curcumin. In addition, 1.0-Cur/ANFs aerogel film exhibits an excellent antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E.coli as compared to all films. Moreover, the parameters such as equilibrium time, adsorbent dose rate (5–20 mg) at fixed MG dye concentrations were determined to adsorption capacity of films. The results revealed that the pseudo-2nd-order kinetic model was fitted to adsorption mechanism with correlation coefficients (R² > 0.90). In addition, the 20 mg adsorbent of 1.0-Cur/ANFs aerogel film after 120 min contact time in MG dye solution have excellent adsorption capacity (93.68%) as compared to all samples. The adsorbent 1.0-Cur/ANFs aerogel film have high metallic (Cu; 5.82%, Zn; 2.33%, Pt; 3.11%) ions removal efficiency as compare to pure ANFs aerogel film (Cu; 0.03%, Zn; 0.01%, Pt; 2.75%). Further, the findings on reusability shows that adsorbent 1.0-Cur/ANFs aerogel film after 5th cycle still exhibit excellent (73.08%) adsorption capacity of Mg dye without deformation as compare to pure ANFs aerogel film (52.67%). Consequently, the inclusion of curcumin in ANFs is more suitable and cost-effective approach for removal of MG dye and our prepared 1.0-Cur/ANFs aerogel film is a promising candidate for purification of water and public health safety.

Graphical Abstract

The present study delves into the synthesis, computational investigation, and technical evaluation of bisazo-pyrazolin-5-one dyes, Dye 1–Dye 3, derived from a unique phenolic scaffold. The synthesis involved coupling diazotized anilines with 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-4-(2-phenylhydrazono)-1H-pyrazol-5(4H)-one 2, resulting in novel disperse dyes. The primary objective was to explore the dyeing behavior of Dye 1–Dye 3 on polyester fabrics under varying conditions of time, temperature, shades, and pH levels. Upon systematically altering the dyeing parameters, such as temperature and duration, we observed a significant impact on the color strength (K/S values) of polyester samples colored with the synthesized disperse dyes. Increasing the dyeing temperature from 110 to 130 °C and extending the dyeing duration from 10 to 30 min yielded enhanced coloration. This investigation amalgamated experimental measurements with theoretical density functional theory (DFT) calculations to elucidate the influence of functional groups (CH₃, NO₂) on the dyeing performance. DFT calculations provided insights into electronic properties, including HOMO/LUMO energies, band gap, and electrophilicity index. The study revealed that introducing a CH₃ group in Dye 2 augmented color strength compared to Dye 1, while a NO₂ group in Dye 3 exhibited the highest color strength (K/S = 30.9). This integration of experimental and computational approaches demonstrates the potential for optimizing dye design and improving dyeing performance tailored to specific textile applications.

Our team created and produced an innovative range of bioactive disperse dyes, depending on the functionalizing neocryptolepines connected to an azo-benzene sulfonyl moiety using various diaminoalkyl linker chains. These types of dyes are successfully applied to the creation of pastes for silkscreen printing of polyester fabric. To ascertain the dye strength, polyester printed samples underwent testing for washing, rubbing, perspiration, sublimation, and light fastness. In addition, L^*, a^*, and b^* were used to evaluate the hue of the color dyes. Using the colony forming unit (CFU) method, the antibacterial activity of the printed polyester fabrics was assessed. The anti-gram positive actions of fabric samples treated with 6c and 6f against S. aureus were encouraging. In contrast, fabrics treated with 6b, 6d, and 6e showed only mild anti-gram negative activity against the test bacterium L. monocytogenes.

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nascent fibers were spun in a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water. As the DMSO mass fraction (W_DMSO) or temperature (T_S) of the solution increased, the crystallinity and the modulus of PAN fibers first increased and then decreased. At W_DMSO < 75% or T_S < 45 °C, increases in the W_DMSO and T_S resulted in the formation of ordered crystal structures, and the crystallinity and the modulus of the PAN fibers improved. At W_DMSO > 75% or T_S > 45 °C, increases in the W_DMSO and T_S facilitated formation of a chaotic internal structure. Furthermore, the crystallinity and modulus of the nascent fiber decreased because the aqueous DMSO solution dissolved PAN. The moduli of the PAN fibers depended strongly on the crystallinity. The fiber outer layer was the first part of the fiber to encounter the DMSO aqueous solution, and material exchange between DMSO in the fiber and water in the DMSO aqueous solution occurred more readily than in the core. This resulted in a higher degree of coagulation and a larger modulus. When W_DMSO was 75% and T_S was 45 °C, the PAN fibers had the highest crystallinity (61%), highest modulus (28.5 GPa), and smallest modulus difference (5 GPa) between the PAN fiber outer layer and core.

Introducing open holes or triggers in the crashworthy structures to reduce the weight or enhance the crash performance became popular. For this reason, this paper aims to answer the next question: To what extent can the trigger mechanisms influence the crashworthiness performance and failure mode of 3D-printed poly-lactic acid (PLA) square tubes for crashworthy applications? Consequently, four design parameters (trigger shape, number of triggers per face, depth of the trigger, and trigger position), each with three levels, were utilized for this goal. The planned tubes are being created using a 3D printing technique and then exposed to quasi-static axial compression loading. The crashing load and the absorbed energy against displacement responses were offered, as well as the failure histories being traced. The crashworthiness exploration was carried out by assessing various crash indicators, i.e., initial peak crash load (left({{F}}_{{ip}}right)), total energy absorbed (U), specific absorbed energy (SEA), mean crash load (({text{F}}_{text{m}})), and crash force efficiency (CFE). Additionally, the best triggering combinations are examined through the use of the complex proportional assessment (COPRAS) multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) method. According to the results, the studied parameters have appositive significance on the crashworthiness performance of 3D-printed square tubes. In light of the COPRAS findings, S3/8 T represents the best triggering mechanisms for crashworthy structures subject to axial compression loading. To put it in a nutshell, presenting triggers have a substantial effect on the crashworthiness performance of the square tubes.

Recently naturally driven fabrics are gaining more attention to develop impact-resistive fabrics due to their cost-effectiveness and environment-friendly nature. The effectiveness of jute fabrics becomes more prominent when used with shear thickening fluids (STFs). The present study is focused on the assessment of inter-yarn frictional behavior of jute fabrics impregnated with natural corn flour particles-based STFs. The varying amount of corn flour particles of 10 and 13 µm were blended with deionized water, glycerol, and polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) to synthesize STFs. To the best of our knowledge, first time the stability and rheological performance of corn flour particles-based STFs under varying shear rates in different dispersion mediums have been investigated. The peak viscosity of STF consisting 50% particles (10 µm) in glycerol was found significantly higher compared to the STF consisting same size and concentration of particles with deionized water. The yarn pull-out test was conducted to evaluate the materials’ inter-yarn frictional resistance behavior. The maximum pulling force was observed for jute fabric impregnated with glycerol-based STF. Thus, the developed STFs can be vital for developing better impact-resistive fabrics.

Cotton, as a rich cellulose polysaccharide material in nature, has increasing applications. This work studies the transfer law of water in cotton fabric after liquid-ammonia treatment. The morphological and structural changes in cotton fabric, after liquid-ammonia treatment, are analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The relationships between the gaseous and liquid water-transfer performances and the fiber morphology and structure are studied. Cotton fiber swells after liquid-ammonia treatment, and its surface becomes relatively smooth with increasing treatment time. The fiber changes from a twisted bent shape to a cylindrical shape, with a slight increase in luster. The chemical structure of cotton fiber treated with liquid ammonia does not show significant changes; however, its crystallinity decreases. After liquid-ammonia treatment, the breaking strength of cotton fabric increases and the elongation at break decreases; the K/S value of the dyed fabric increases, while the L^* value decreases accordingly. In addition, the breathability and moisture permeability increase. The wicking height first increases and then decreases, whereas the water retention gradually decreases. Using the entropy-weight–TOPSIS method, the water-transfer performance of cotton fabric treated with liquid ammonia at different times is comprehensively evaluated. The advantages and disadvantages of the treatment are ranked, to objectively and comprehensively analyze their rationality and theoretical significance. This work provides a new evaluation basis for the comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the moisture-transfer and moisture-comfort performance of cotton fabric.

Graphical abstract

When exploring the mechanical behavior of 3D woven composite under multi-axial loading, a tube sample is a feasible and easily accessible option for testing. And the investigation of performance of 3D woven composite tube under tension and torsion with finite-element method (FEM) as a tool requires a fundamental geometric model. With the idealizations of that warp is nearly rectangular and weft is nearly lenticular expressed with cubic functions, a 3D woven composite tube RVE geometric model is presented in this paper which is featured with the various cross-section shape along the yarn path. This model also takes the vertical misalignment of weft yarn stacks and flatten weft cross-sections in the surface into account. Comparing to the architecture in a real sample with each two slices from the tube circumferential and axial direction view, the largest prediction error is 6.80% while the least is 0.66% in terms of RVE dimensions, and the predicted area, width and height average error is 5.21%, 7.89% and 9.11%, respectively, validating the proposed 3D woven composite tube RVE geometric model which can be further used for mechanical behavior prediction and damage propagation.