Fibers and Polymers最新文献

This research pioneers the integration of blockchain technology into the fabrication of biocomposites, targeting the optimization to enhance load-bearing characteristics and minimize material rejections. The composites were prepared using nanosilica (1–3 vol.%), polyester resin, areca fiber, and biochar as the primary constituents. By embedding blockchain into the curing process, the study achieved greater traceability, efficiency, and process control. A Python-based algorithm was employed to predict optimal curing parameters, while blockchain ensured secure logging. This integration guaranteed precise monitoring of resin–hardener ratios and curing temperature, reducing inconsistencies. Mechanical evaluations revealed that specimen A2 (3 vol.% nanosilica, blockchain-enabled fabrication) exhibited the most superior performance among all samples. SEM micrographs validated this outcome, revealing enhanced bonding, minimal fiber pull-out, and improved stress transfer in blockchain-assisted specimens, while non-blockchain composites unveiled fiber breakage, pull-out, and bending. Overall, the integration of blockchain technology into biocomposite processing offers a transformative pathway to boost mechanical performance, ensure product consistency, and reduce manufacturing defects, aligning advanced digital solutions with sustainable material engineering.

This study investigated the origins of ikat, renowned for its resist-dyeing of yarns that create characteristic pointy edges of motif. A multidisciplinary approach was adopted, including the analysis of ancient ikat textiles, ancient literature records, and etymological evidences. This study examined shared design motifs, patterns of population migration, the ‘kukuri zome’ resist-dyeing technique, and traditional expressions commonly used by Central Asian women. Many records indicated that Silla’s JoHa-Geum and JoHa-Ju were forms of ikat exported to Wae Japan, Tang China, and other regions, and it was found that the oldest double-weave kasuri nishiki of Taishikanto in Horyu-ji was JoHa-Geum, while the plain-weave kasuri corresponded to JoHa-Ju. Ikat, Adras, and JoHa-Guem have the same characteristics in terms of design and style, and the wave motif symbolized Silla’s Pungnyu Seon, while the elongated ‘S’ pattern echoed the feather decoration Su-U seen in Goguryeo tomb murals. Swirl Guri or fern-hand motifs signified the act of ‘winding the curtain up and let the light in’, while medallions, rhombus, and fire beads represented stylized sunrays or light sources. Etymological connections were identified between kasuri, kukuri, and meng-ikat, respectively linking to the Korean terms ‘kasul-i (pointed) or kasara (a reference to Old Joseon), kkury (thread in Goguryeo), and mangl-ika (make it black)’. It was clearly recorded that Hil (纈) resist-dyeing was a custom of Goguryeo. Goguryeo’s Hilmun-Geum fabric (about the third century) featured a pattern-dyed silk that depicted the delicate five-colored feathers of a sacred bird. This Hil tradition influenced Silla’s JoHa-Geum, Southeast Asian ikat, and the Adras of Central Asia. These findings underscore ancient Korea’s significant role in the Silk Road network and its contribution to the development of textile innovations and pattern diffusion across Asia.

The demand for functional textiles with directional water transport capabilities that can enable the quick absorption of sweat from the skin and efficiently release it into the atmosphere has increased. This study proposes the design of a novel trilayered textile system with asymmetric wettability and pore size gradients to achieve directional moisture transport and rapid sweat evaporation. The system comprises a conventional hydrophobic polyester or nylon tricot fabric with a relatively large pore size as the innermost layer, a weakly hydrophobic polyurethane (PU)/poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) nanofibrous membrane as the middle layer, and a hydrophilic PEGDA coating as the outermost layer. The fabrication conditions, including the PU-to-PEGDA blend ratio, PU/PEGDA nanofibrous membrane thickness, and UV irradiation duration for PEGDA crosslinking during the coating process, are optimized using response surface methodology to enhance moisture transport. The resulting trilayered structure exhibits excellent one-way moisture transport capability and moisture management properties, which are driven by an enhanced capillary effect. In particular, the polyester tricot-based trilayered textile system demonstrates superior directional water transport and drying performance compared to the nylon tricot-based trilayered textile system, suggesting its potential for advanced moisture management textile applications.

This study investigates the influence of ply orientation on failure modes in carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites under low-velocity impact (LVI) loading. Finite element analysis is employed to simulate the low-velocity impact response of CFRP composite plates with different ply orientations and fiber configurations, including continuous (hexagonal, diamond, and square), random continuous, chopped, and woven fibers. The Hashin failure criterion is used to predict damage initiation in the fiber and matrix. The results reveal that fiber architecture and orientation significantly affect stress distribution and failure characteristics. Continuous fiber configurations exhibit stress concentrations at fiber intersections, introducing potential weak points. Random continuous and chopped fibers demonstrate improved stress distribution and resistance to crack propagation. Woven configuration consistently shows superior stress distribution and structural integrity. However, ply orientation is found to influence matrix tension and compression failures. The orientation (left[ {0^circ / + 45^circ / - 45^circ /0^circ } right]_{s}) layup exhibits enhanced resistance to matrix-related failures except woven type as compared to the ([0^circ /90^circ /90^circ /0^circ ]_{s}) layup. The findings highlight the complex interactions between fiber orientations, matrix properties, and failure modes, providing valuable insights for designing CFRP composites with enhanced LVIs performance. These findings contribute in the better selection of advanced materials for potential applications in aerospace, defense, and civilian safety sectors.

Dyes were extracted from Larix gmelinii (L. gmelinii) fallen needles. Through single-factor experiments, the dyeing process of L. gmelinii needle extract on silk fabrics was optimized. Metal mordants (aluminum potassium sulfate and ferrous sulfate) were used to assist in mordant dyeing of silk fabrics, and the optimal mordanting methods of each mordant were identified. The dyed fabrics were evaluated for color characteristics, including color intensity, color characteristics, color fastness, and value of the color application. The dye compositions of L. gmelinii needle extract were flavonoids and tannins. The optimal dyeing condition for silk fabrics were found to be a pH of 3.0, a temperature of 80 °C, and a duration of 40 min. For mordanting, meta-mordanting with aluminum potassium sulfate was optimal, while ferrous sulfate was most effective when used as a post-mordant. The resulting color characteristics were as follows: meta-mordanting with aluminum potassium ochre tones, similar to dyeing without mordant; and ferrous sulfate post-mordanting yielded grey-brown tones. The range of color characteristics observed was a^* (2.28–13.80), b^* (1.14–25.10), C^* (2.59–28.91), h° (26.17°–68.68°). Silk fabrics dyed with mordants demonstrated excellent fastness to washing, rubbing, perspiration, and light, meeting national textile industry standards. All the 21 distinct colors obtained matched Pantone color standards, indicating potential for international applicability with a broad range of uses. This study provided a novel approach and method for the value-added utilization of agricultural and forestry waste in the textile industry.

This study assesses sustainable alternatives to traditional textile dyeing by examining the impacts of plasma treatment and bio-mordants on wool dyed with madder. Wool fibers were treated with alum (traditional mordant), valex, and chitosan (bio-mordants), with and without plasma activation. The integrated plasma–chitosan treatment markedly improved dye absorption, fastness characteristics, UV shielding, and yielded more vibrant colors, surpassing conventional techniques. A comprehensive life cycle study from gate to gate showed that the application of plasma with bio-mordants significantly mitigates environmental consequences by decreasing carbon emissions and eradicating heavy metals. These findings underscore the innovative combination between plasma technology and bio-mordants as a promising method for attaining sustainable, high-performance textile dyeing.

The utilization of easily accessible natural materials and agricultural waste as source ingredients has become essential for the sustainability of composite industries. The present study aims to extract and characterize cellulose obtained through bleaching and acid hydrolysis of Pandanus fascicularis Lam (PFL) fiber. The chemical, morphological, and thermal properties of cellulose extracted from bleached Pandanus fascicularis Lam (BPFL) fiber and acid-treated Pandanus fascicularis Lam (APFL) fiber were studied. A cellulose content of 85.42% was quantitatively determined from BPFL, whereas APFL exhibited a slightly higher cellulose content of 87.59%. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) study of BPFL and APFL confirms the effective removal of non-cellulosic components. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that BPFL exhibited a crystallinity of 74.5%, whereas APFL exhibited a higher crystallinity of 76.4%. The rough surface morphology of BPFL and APFL was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Furthermore, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirms the thermal stability of BPFL and APFL up to 285.2 °C and 280 °C. Exothermic and endothermic transitions of BPFL and APFL were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results show that BPFL, with higher cellulose purity and thermal stability, is suitable as reinforcement in polymer-based biocomposites, offering a sustainable alternative to untreated natural fibers and synthetic fillers. Meanwhile, APFL, with greater crystallinity, can be processed to isolate cellulose nanocrystals for eco-friendly bionanocomposites used in biomedical, pharmaceutical, and packaging applications. Therefore, each extraction method offers distinct advantages depending on the intended application.

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This study investigates the impact of enzymatic treatment on the physical, comfort, and environmental performance of fabrics containing recycled cotton fibers. Single jersey fabrics with varying blends of virgin and recycled cotton were treated with two types of commercial cellulase enzymes (acidic and neutral) and tested for properties such as mass per unit area, thickness, air permeability, pilling resistance, bursting strength, and thermal behavior. In addition, a life cycle analysis (LCA) was conducted to assess the environmental implications of using recycled cotton fabrics. The impact assessment was performed using GaBi software and the CML 2001 impact assessment methodology. The findings revealed that enzymatic treatment caused dimensional changes, including increased fabric weight and thickness, which improved thermal resistance and reduced pilling. However, the treatment did not significantly affect the overall structural strength of the fabrics. The LCA results highlighted that while the use of recycled cotton fibers significantly reduces eutrophication and freshwater ecotoxicity impacts by up to 62% and 95%, respectively, the energy-intensive mechanical recycling process substantially increases global warming potential. Transitioning to renewable energy sources, such as solar energy, in recycling processes could lower carbon emissions by approximately 33%. The study highlights the potential of enzymatic treatment to enhance the performance of recycled cotton fabrics, supporting more sustainable textile production.

The present work was taken to optimize the decolorization of azo dyes in textile wastewater. Pseudomonas putida was selected due to its high azo bond degradation capability and non-pathogenic nature. The effect of operational conditions in the form of 25 different sets of experiments was applied, and the parameters were categorized in 8 different combinations. Agitation, filamentous fungi, flotation support (Liege or packing), and light’s effect on bacterial decolorization were determined by the method of experimental design. The performance of the chosen microorganism was studied in terms of absorbance of color and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal. This bacterium was able to decolorize 92% of Reactive Blue 40, 82% of Reactive Yellow 174, and 73% of Reactive Red 220 in 7 days. The COD decrement for 7 days was determined to be 23%, 19%, and 17% for Reactive Blue 40, Reactive Yellow 174, and Reactive Red 220, respectively.