Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.1163/15685195-bja10045
Katherine Lemons
{"title":"Everyday Islamic Law and the Making of Modern South Asia, written by Elizabeth Lhost","authors":"Katherine Lemons","doi":"10.1163/15685195-bja10045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685195-bja10045","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55965,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Law and Society","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134945084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.1163/15685195-bja10048
Ali Altaf Mian
{"title":"The Mosques of Colonial South Asia: A Social and Legal History of Muslim Worship, written by Sana Haroon","authors":"Ali Altaf Mian","doi":"10.1163/15685195-bja10048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685195-bja10048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55965,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Law and Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44839313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-16DOI: 10.1163/15685195-bja10047
Omar Farahat
{"title":"Legal Maxims in Islamic Law: Concept, History and application of Axioms of Juristic Accumulation, reviewed by Necmettin Kızılkaya","authors":"Omar Farahat","doi":"10.1163/15685195-bja10047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685195-bja10047","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55965,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Law and Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47973639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-08DOI: 10.1163/15685195-bja10042
Justin Jones
{"title":"Divorcing Traditions: Islamic Law and the Making of Indian Secularism, written by Katherine Lemons, (2019)","authors":"Justin Jones","doi":"10.1163/15685195-bja10042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685195-bja10042","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55965,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Law and Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46309533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.1163/15685195-bja10044
S. Elsässer
Both as a slogan and a book, “Preachers, not Judges” has long dominated academic narratives about the Muslim Brotherhood’s turn towards ‘moderation’ in the 1970s and 1980s. However, upon examination, several commonplace assumptions about “Preachers, not Judges” do not hold. Firstly, the Muslim Brotherhood never renounced takfīr as a basic doctrine. It only debated different ways of implementing this doctrine in practice. Secondly, “Preachers, not Judges” was much less clear and authoritative as a doctrinal statement than often assumed. It is better understood as a tactical manoeuvre aimed at avoiding splits within the movement. Based primarily on a new and comprehensive survey of contemporary sources from the 1970s, this article will propose a revised understanding of Muslim Brotherhood discourse on preaching, judging, and the doctrine of takfīr that remains relevant until the present day.
{"title":"Between Preaching and Judging: the Muslim Brotherhood and the Predicament of takfīr (1960s–1980s)","authors":"S. Elsässer","doi":"10.1163/15685195-bja10044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685195-bja10044","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Both as a slogan and a book, “Preachers, not Judges” has long dominated academic narratives about the Muslim Brotherhood’s turn towards ‘moderation’ in the 1970s and 1980s. However, upon examination, several commonplace assumptions about “Preachers, not Judges” do not hold. Firstly, the Muslim Brotherhood never renounced takfīr as a basic doctrine. It only debated different ways of implementing this doctrine in practice. Secondly, “Preachers, not Judges” was much less clear and authoritative as a doctrinal statement than often assumed. It is better understood as a tactical manoeuvre aimed at avoiding splits within the movement. Based primarily on a new and comprehensive survey of contemporary sources from the 1970s, this article will propose a revised understanding of Muslim Brotherhood discourse on preaching, judging, and the doctrine of takfīr that remains relevant until the present day.","PeriodicalId":55965,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Law and Society","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43028804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-16DOI: 10.1163/15685195-bja10041
Elon Harvey
Abstract Following a brief introduction, this article has two parts and an appendix. In the first part, I examine the passage prohibiting intoxicating ṭilāʾ (cooked grape juice) in the “fiscal rescript” attributed to ʿUmar ii (d. 101/720) by Ibn ʿAbd al-Ḥakam (d. 214/829). I argue that this passage’s core goes back to an edict of ʿUmar ii that is no longer extant. I suggest that ʿUmar ii issued the prohibition following an earthquake that devastated Syria because he feared that the drinkers of intoxicants would cause a similar catastrophe to befall all Muslims. I situate ʿUmar ii ’s prohibition within the early legal discussions about ṭilāʾ . In the second part, I analyze a group of edicts prohibiting nabīdh (date wine) that are attributed to ʿUmar ii . I conclude that the edicts are pseudepigraphical. In the appendix, I trace the transmission history of a tradition attributed to al-Shaʿbī about a missive of Umar I concerning ṭilāʾ .
{"title":"ʿUmar ii and the Prohibition of Ṭilāʾ and Nabīdh","authors":"Elon Harvey","doi":"10.1163/15685195-bja10041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685195-bja10041","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Following a brief introduction, this article has two parts and an appendix. In the first part, I examine the passage prohibiting intoxicating ṭilāʾ (cooked grape juice) in the “fiscal rescript” attributed to ʿUmar ii (d. 101/720) by Ibn ʿAbd al-Ḥakam (d. 214/829). I argue that this passage’s core goes back to an edict of ʿUmar ii that is no longer extant. I suggest that ʿUmar ii issued the prohibition following an earthquake that devastated Syria because he feared that the drinkers of intoxicants would cause a similar catastrophe to befall all Muslims. I situate ʿUmar ii ’s prohibition within the early legal discussions about ṭilāʾ . In the second part, I analyze a group of edicts prohibiting nabīdh (date wine) that are attributed to ʿUmar ii . I conclude that the edicts are pseudepigraphical. In the appendix, I trace the transmission history of a tradition attributed to al-Shaʿbī about a missive of Umar I concerning ṭilāʾ .","PeriodicalId":55965,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Law and Society","volume":"145 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135672650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.1163/15685195-30010000
{"title":"Front matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/15685195-30010000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685195-30010000","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55965,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Law and Society","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135419781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.1163/15685195-bja10039
Edith X. Chen
Prior to the Mongol invasion of Iran in the 7th/13th century, Ḥanafī jurists had adopted two definitions of Islamic lands (dār al-islām): according to a “lenient” definition attributed to Abū Ḥanīfa, an unbelieving ruler may rule over dār al-islām, and according to a “strict” definition attributed to Abū Yūsuf and al-Shaybānī, he may not. As the Mongols overran Central Asia and Iran, later Ḥanafīs began to favor the lenient definition so that lands under non-Muslim occupation might retain the status of dār al-islām as long as Muslims had security and the freedom to worship. In this article, I evaluate the assumptions about Mongol rule that underpin the lenient definition. Persian historians such as Waṣṣāf and Shabānkāraʾī report that the Mongols permitted self-rule, and Muslims were adjudicated in their own courts according to Islamic law. Local histories support the claim that Islamic life can continue under occupation by nonbelievers.
{"title":"An Unbeliever Can Rule Dār al-Islām: Ḥanafī Law in the Wake of the Mongol Invasion","authors":"Edith X. Chen","doi":"10.1163/15685195-bja10039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685195-bja10039","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Prior to the Mongol invasion of Iran in the 7th/13th century, Ḥanafī jurists had adopted two definitions of Islamic lands (dār al-islām): according to a “lenient” definition attributed to Abū Ḥanīfa, an unbelieving ruler may rule over dār al-islām, and according to a “strict” definition attributed to Abū Yūsuf and al-Shaybānī, he may not. As the Mongols overran Central Asia and Iran, later Ḥanafīs began to favor the lenient definition so that lands under non-Muslim occupation might retain the status of dār al-islām as long as Muslims had security and the freedom to worship. In this article, I evaluate the assumptions about Mongol rule that underpin the lenient definition. Persian historians such as Waṣṣāf and Shabānkāraʾī report that the Mongols permitted self-rule, and Muslims were adjudicated in their own courts according to Islamic law. Local histories support the claim that Islamic life can continue under occupation by nonbelievers.","PeriodicalId":55965,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Law and Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48327355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.1163/15685195-bja10040
Clément Salah
Bien que reconnu comme une autorité juridique importante de l’époque de formation de la doctrine juridique mālikite (iie-iiie/viiie-ixe siècle), Ašhab b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz (m. 204/820) est dépeint dans les sources narratives postérieures au ive/xe siècle comme un savant ayant divergé voire contredit la doctrine du « maître fondateur » Mālik b. Anas (m. 179/795). Cet article interroge l’apparente divergence et indépendance d’Ašhab par l’analyse de sept anecdotes consignées dans la littérature biographique mālikite entre le ive/xe et le vie/xiie siècle. En replaçant ces anecdotes dans leurs contextes politiques, sociaux et doctrinaux de rédaction nous soulignons que : 1. la divergence d’Ašhab est une construction historique qui est 2. le corollaire de l’évolution de la doctrine juridique mālikite entre le iiie/ixe et le vie/xiie siècle. In fine, nous montrons qu’une interconnexion existe entre la tradition biographique construite sur Ašhab et l’évolution du maḏhab (école de doctrinale de droit) mālikite.
{"title":"Ašhab b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz (m. 204/820) et l’évolution du maḏhab mālikite (iiie-vie/Ixe-xiie siècle)","authors":"Clément Salah","doi":"10.1163/15685195-bja10040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685195-bja10040","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Bien que reconnu comme une autorité juridique importante de l’époque de formation de la doctrine juridique mālikite (iie-iiie/viiie-ixe siècle), Ašhab b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz (m. 204/820) est dépeint dans les sources narratives postérieures au ive/xe siècle comme un savant ayant divergé voire contredit la doctrine du « maître fondateur » Mālik b. Anas (m. 179/795). Cet article interroge l’apparente divergence et indépendance d’Ašhab par l’analyse de sept anecdotes consignées dans la littérature biographique mālikite entre le ive/xe et le vie/xiie siècle. En replaçant ces anecdotes dans leurs contextes politiques, sociaux et doctrinaux de rédaction nous soulignons que : 1. la divergence d’Ašhab est une construction historique qui est 2. le corollaire de l’évolution de la doctrine juridique mālikite entre le iiie/ixe et le vie/xiie siècle. In fine, nous montrons qu’une interconnexion existe entre la tradition biographique construite sur Ašhab et l’évolution du maḏhab (école de doctrinale de droit) mālikite.","PeriodicalId":55965,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Law and Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46499913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-02DOI: 10.1163/15685195-20230001
Nour-Eddine Qaouar
{"title":"Imām Mālik b. Anas, al-Muwaṭṭa’ [The Recension of Yaḥyā b. Yaḥyā al-Laythī (d. 234/848)]","authors":"Nour-Eddine Qaouar","doi":"10.1163/15685195-20230001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685195-20230001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55965,"journal":{"name":"Islamic Law and Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44242822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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