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Bilingual speech neuroprosthesis 双语语音神经假体
IF 26.1 1区 计算机科学 Q1 ROBOTICS Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.ads4122
Amos Matsiko
A neuroprosthesis could decode two languages from the brain activity of a bilingual participant who was unable to articulate speech.
一个神经假体可以从一名无法发音的双语参与者的大脑活动中解码出两种语言。
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引用次数: 0
Bistable soft jumper capable of fast response and high takeoff velocity 双稳态软跳线能够快速响应和高速起飞。
IF 26.1 1区 计算机科学 Q1 ROBOTICS Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adm8484
Daofan Tang, Chengqian Zhang, Chengfeng Pan, Hao Hu, Haonan Sun, Huangzhe Dai, Jianzhong Fu, Carmel Majidi, Peng Zhao
In contrast with jumping robots made from rigid materials, soft jumpers composed of compliant and elastically deformable materials exhibit superior impact resistance and mechanically robust functionality. However, recent efforts to create stimuli-responsive jumpers from soft materials were limited in their response speed, takeoff velocity, and travel distance. Here, we report a magnetic-driven, ultrafast bistable soft jumper that exhibits good jumping capability (jumping more than 108 body heights with a takeoff velocity of more than 2 meters per second) and fast response time (less than 15 milliseconds) compared with previous soft jumping robots. The snap-through transitions between bistable states form a repeatable loop that harnesses the ultrafast release of stored elastic energy. On the basis of the dynamic analysis, the multimodal locomotion of the bistable soft jumper can be realized: the interwell mode of jumping and the intrawell mode of hopping. These modes are controlled by adjusting the duration and strength of the magnetic field, which endows the bistable soft jumper with robust locomotion capabilities. In addition, it is capable of jumping omnidirectionally with tunable heights and distances. To demonstrate its capability in complex environments, a realistic pipeline with amphibious terrain was established. The jumper successfully finished a simulative task of cleansing water through a pipeline. The design principle and actuating mechanism of the bistable soft jumper can be further extended for other flexible systems.
与由刚性材料制成的跳跃机器人相比,由顺应性和弹性可变形材料组成的软体跳跃器具有卓越的抗冲击性和机械坚固功能。然而,最近利用软材料制造刺激响应式跳跃器的努力在响应速度、起飞速度和行进距离方面受到了限制。在这里,我们报告了一种磁力驱动的超快双稳态软体跳跃器,与之前的软体跳跃机器人相比,它具有良好的跳跃能力(跳跃高度超过 108 个身体,起飞速度超过每秒 2 米)和快速响应时间(小于 15 毫秒)。双稳态之间的快速转换形成了一个可重复的循环,利用了超快释放储存的弹性能量。在动态分析的基础上,双稳态软跳跃机器人的多模式运动得以实现:井间跳跃模式和井内跳跃模式。这些模式可通过调节磁场的持续时间和强度来控制,从而赋予双稳态软跳线稳健的运动能力。此外,它还能以可调的高度和距离进行全方位跳跃。为了证明它在复杂环境中的能力,我们建立了一个具有两栖地形的现实管道。跳线成功完成了通过管道清洁水的模拟任务。双稳态软跳线的设计原理和执行机制可进一步扩展到其他柔性系统。
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引用次数: 0
High energy density picoliter-scale zinc-air microbatteries for colloidal robotics 用于胶体机器人技术的高能量密度皮升级锌空气微型电池。
IF 26.1 1区 计算机科学 Q1 ROBOTICS Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.ade4642
Ge Zhang, Sungyun Yang, Jing Fan Yang, David Gonzalez-Medrano, Marc Z. Miskin, Volodymyr B. Koman, Yuwen Zeng, Sylvia Xin Li, Matthias Kuehne, Albert Tianxiang Liu, Allan M. Brooks, Mahesh Kumar, Michael S. Strano
The recent interest in microscopic autonomous systems, including microrobots, colloidal state machines, and smart dust, has created a need for microscale energy storage and harvesting. However, macroscopic materials for energy storage have noted incompatibilities with microfabrication techniques, creating substantial challenges to realizing microscale energy systems. Here, we photolithographically patterned a microscale zinc/platinum/SU-8 system to generate the highest energy density microbattery at the picoliter (10−12 liter) scale. The device scavenges ambient or solution-dissolved oxygen for a zinc oxidation reaction, achieving an energy density ranging from 760 to 1070 watt-hours per liter at scales below 100 micrometers lateral and 2 micrometers thickness in size. The parallel nature of photolithography processes allows 10,000 devices per wafer to be released into solution as colloids with energy stored on board. Within a volume of only 2 picoliters each, these primary microbatteries can deliver open circuit voltages of 1.05 ± 0.12 volts, with total energies ranging from 5.5 ± 0.3 to 7.7 ± 1.0 microjoules and a maximum power near 2.7 nanowatts. We demonstrated that such systems can reliably power a micrometer-sized memristor circuit, providing access to nonvolatile memory. We also cycled power to drive the reversible bending of microscale bimorph actuators at 0.05 hertz for mechanical functions of colloidal robots. Additional capabilities, such as powering two distinct nanosensor types and a clock circuit, were also demonstrated. The high energy density, low volume, and simple configuration promise the mass fabrication and adoption of such picoliter zinc-air batteries for micrometer-scale, colloidal robotics with autonomous functions.
最近,人们对微型自主系统(包括微型机器人、胶体状态机和智能尘埃)产生了浓厚的兴趣,从而产生了对微尺度能量存储和收集的需求。然而,用于储能的宏观材料与微加工技术不兼容,给实现微尺度能源系统带来了巨大挑战。在这里,我们对锌/铂/SU-8 系统进行了光刻图案化,以产生皮升(10-12 升)级能量密度最高的微型电池。该装置可清除环境中或溶液中溶解的氧气,以进行锌氧化反应,在横向尺寸小于 100 微米、厚度小于 2 微米的情况下,能量密度可达每升 760 到 1070 瓦时。光刻工艺的并行性使每个晶片上的 10,000 个器件可以以胶体形式释放到溶液中,并储存能量。在每个仅 2 皮升的体积内,这些初级微型电池可提供 1.05 ± 0.12 伏特的开路电压,总能量从 5.5 ± 0.3 到 7.7 ± 1.0 微焦耳不等,最大功率接近 2.7 纳瓦。我们证明,这种系统可以可靠地为微米大小的忆阻器电路供电,提供非易失性存储器的访问。我们还以 0.05 赫兹的频率循环供电,以驱动微米级双态致动器的可逆弯曲,从而实现胶体机器人的机械功能。此外,我们还展示了其他功能,例如为两种不同类型的纳米传感器和时钟电路供电。这种能量密度高、体积小、配置简单的皮升级锌空气电池有望大规模制造和应用于具有自主功能的微米级胶体机器人。
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引用次数: 0
Variable-stiffness–morphing wheel inspired by the surface tension of a liquid droplet 受液滴表面张力启发的可变刚度变形轮。
IF 26.1 1区 计算机科学 Q1 ROBOTICS Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adl2067
Jae-Young Lee, Seongji Han, Munyu Kim, Yong-Sin Seo, Jongwoo Park, Dong Il Park, Chanhun Park, Hyunuk Seo, Joonho Lee, Hwi-Su Kim, Jeongae Bak, Hugo Rodrigue, Jin-Gyun Kim, Joono Cheong, Sung-Hyuk Song
Wheels have been commonly used for locomotion in mobile robots and transportation systems because of their simple structure and energy efficiency. However, the performance of wheels in overcoming obstacles is limited compared with their advantages in driving on normal flat ground. Here, we present a variable-stiffness wheel inspired by the surface tension of a liquid droplet. In a liquid droplet, as the cohesive force of the outermost liquid molecules increases, the net force pulling the liquid molecules inward also increases. This leads to high surface tension, resulting in the liquid droplet reverting to a circular shape from its distorted shape induced by gravitational forces. Similarly, the shape and stiffness of a wheel were controlled by changing the traction force at the outermost smart chain block. As the tension of the wire spokes connected to each chain block increased, the wheel characteristics reflected those of a general circular-rigid wheel, which has an advantage in high-speed locomotion on normal flat ground. Conversely, the modulus of the wheel decreased as the tension of the wire spoke decreased, and the wheel was easily deformed according to the shape of obstacles. This makes the wheel suitable for overcoming obstacles without requiring complex control or sensing systems. On the basis of this mechanism, a wheel was applied to a two-wheeled wheelchair system weighing 120 kilograms, and the state transition between a circular high-modulus state and a deformable low-modulus state was realized in real time when the wheelchair was driven in an outdoor environment.
车轮因其结构简单、能效高而被普遍用于移动机器人和运输系统的运动。然而,与在普通平地上行驶的优势相比,车轮在克服障碍物方面的性能有限。在此,我们介绍一种受液滴表面张力启发的可变刚度车轮。在液滴中,随着最外层液体分子内聚力的增加,液体分子向内的净拉力也随之增加。这就导致了高表面张力,使液滴从重力作用下的扭曲形状恢复成圆形。同样,通过改变最外层智能链块的牵引力,可以控制车轮的形状和刚度。随着与每个链块相连的钢丝辐条张力的增加,车轮的特性反映了一般圆形刚性车轮的特性,这在正常平地上的高速运动中具有优势。相反,车轮的模量随着金属丝辐条张力的减小而减小,车轮很容易根据障碍物的形状而变形。这使得车轮无需复杂的控制或传感系统即可克服障碍。在这一机制的基础上,将轮子应用到重达 120 千克的双轮轮椅系统中,当轮椅在室外环境中行驶时,实时实现了圆形高模量状态和可变形低模量状态之间的状态转换。
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引用次数: 0
Would robots really bother with a bloody uprising? 机器人真的会费尽心思发动血腥起义吗?
IF 26.1 1区 计算机科学 Q1 ROBOTICS Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adr2950
Robin R. Murphy
In the amusing 1982 novel Software, robots punish their human overlords by raising prices on longevity drugs and organ transplants.
在 1982 年出版的有趣小说《软件》中,机器人通过提高长寿药物和器官移植的价格来惩罚它们的人类霸主。
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引用次数: 0
Erratum for the Research Article “Excitation of natural spinal reflex loops in the sensory-motor control of hand prostheses” by P. G. Sagastegui Alva et al. 对 P. G. Sagastegui Alva 等人的研究文章 "在假手的感觉-运动控制中激发脊髓自然反射回路 "的勘误。
IF 26.1 1区 计算机科学 Q1 ROBOTICS Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adr7180
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引用次数: 0
Upscaling the production of sterile male mosquitoes with an automated pupa sex sorter 利用自动蛹性别分拣机扩大雄性不育蚊子的生产规模。
IF 26.1 1区 计算机科学 Q1 ROBOTICS Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adj6261
Jun-Tao Gong, Wadaka Mamai, Xiaohua Wang, Jian Zhu, Yongjun Li, Julian Liu, Qixian Tang, Yuanhui Huang, Jixin Zhang, Jiayi Zhou, Hamidou Maiga, Nanwintoum Séverin Bimbilé Somda, Claudia Martina, Simran Singh Kotla, Thomas Wallner, Jérémy Bouyer, Zhiyong Xi
Effective mosquito population suppression has been repeatedly demonstrated in field trials through the release of male mosquitoes to induce sterile mating with wild females using the incompatible insect technique (IIT), the sterile insect technique (SIT), or their combination. However, upscaling these techniques requires a highly efficient and scalable approach for the sex separation of mass-reared mosquitoes to minimize the unintentional release of females, which can lead to either population replacement or biting nuisance, a major bottleneck up to now. Here, we report the successful development of an automated mosquito pupa sex sorter that can effectively separate large numbers of males from females for population suppression of Aedes aegypti, A. albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus. The male production capacity of the automated sex sorter was increased by ~17-fold compared with manual sex separation with the Fay-Morlan sorter and enabled one person to separate 16 million males per week. With ~0.5% female contamination, the produced males exhibited high flight ability and mating performance. The field trial demonstrates that the quality of A. albopictus males produced using the automated sex sorter is suitable for inducing population suppression. These results indicate that the automated sex sorter offers the potential to upscale IIT and SIT against mosquito vectors for disease control.
通过使用不相容昆虫技术 (IIT)、昆虫不育技术 (SIT) 或它们的组合释放雄蚊诱导野生雌蚊不育交配,有效抑制蚊子种群数量已在实地试验中反复得到证实。然而,要推广这些技术,需要一种高效且可扩展的方法来对大规模饲养的蚊子进行性别分离,以最大限度地减少无意释放雌性蚊子的情况,这可能会导致种群替代或叮咬滋扰,是迄今为止的一个主要瓶颈。在此,我们报告了一种自动蚊蛹性别分拣机的成功开发,它能有效地从雌蚊中分离出大量雄蚊,用于抑制埃及伊蚊、白纹伊蚊和库蚊的种群数量。与使用 Fay-Morlan 分选机进行人工性别分离相比,自动性别分选机的雄性生产能力提高了约 17 倍,一个人每周可分离 1,600 万只雄性。在雌性污染约为 0.5% 的情况下,生产出的雄性表现出很高的飞行能力和交配性能。实地试验表明,使用自动性别分拣机生产的白纹伊蚊雄虫质量适合用于诱导种群抑制。这些结果表明,自动性别分拣机有可能提高针对蚊媒的 IIT 和 SIT 的水平,以控制疾病。
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引用次数: 0
Virus-blocking mosquitoes take flight in the fight against dengue 阻挡病毒的蚊子在防治登革热的斗争中展翅高飞。
IF 26.1 1区 计算机科学 Q1 ROBOTICS Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adr0224
Jacob E. Crawford
Drone-based mosquito releases facilitate the introduction of dengue-blocking bacteria in wild mosquito populations.
无人驾驶飞机释放蚊子有助于在野生蚊子种群中引入登革热阻断细菌。
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引用次数: 0
Field deployment of Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti using uncrewed aerial vehicle 利用无人驾驶飞行器在实地部署受沃尔巴奇病毒感染的埃及伊蚊。
IF 26.1 1区 计算机科学 Q1 ROBOTICS Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adk7913
Ya-Hsun Lin, Dirk Albert Joubert, Sebastian Kaeser, Cameron Dowd, Jurg Germann, Anam Khalid, Jai Andrew Denton, Kate Retski, Aminiasi Tavui, Cameron Paul Simmons, Scott Leslie O’Neill, Jeremie Roger Lionel Gilles
Over the past 50 years, there has been a marked increase in diseases like dengue fever, chikungunya, and Zika. The World Mosquito Program (WMP) has developed an approach that, instead of attempting to eliminate vector species, introduces Wolbachia into native Aedes aegypti populations through the release of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes. Using this approach, a randomized controlled study recently demonstrated a 77% reduction in dengue across a treatment area within Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Existing release methods use the ground-based release of mosquito eggs or adults that are labor-intensive, are logistically challenging to scale up, and can be restrictive in areas where staff safety is a concern. To overcome these limitations, we developed a fully automated mosquito dosing release system that released smaller cohorts of mosquitoes over a wide area and integrated it into an uncrewed aerial vehicle. We established the effectiveness of this system using an aerial mark, release, and recapture approach. We then demonstrated that using only the aerial release method, we can establish Wolbachia infection in a naive Ae. aegypti population. In both cases, the use of aerial releases demonstrated comparable outcomes to ground-based releases without the required labor or risk. These two trials demonstrated the feasibility of using an aerial release approach for large-scale mosquito releases.
过去 50 年来,登革热、基孔肯雅病和寨卡等疾病明显增加。世界蚊子计划(WMP)开发了一种方法,不是试图消灭病媒物种,而是通过释放感染了沃尔巴克氏体的蚊子,将沃尔巴克氏体引入本地埃及伊蚊种群。利用这种方法,最近一项随机对照研究表明,在印度尼西亚日惹的一个治疗区内,登革热发病率降低了 77%。现有的释放方法是在地面上释放蚊子卵或成虫,这种方法劳动密集,在后勤上很难扩大规模,而且在人员安全有顾虑的地区可能会受到限制。为了克服这些局限性,我们开发了一种全自动蚊子定量释放系统,可在大范围内释放较小群体的蚊子,并将其集成到无人驾驶航空飞行器中。我们采用空中标记、释放和再捕获的方法确定了该系统的有效性。然后,我们又证明,仅使用空中释放方法,我们就能在天真的埃及姬蚊种群中建立沃尔巴克氏体感染。在这两种情况下,空中释放的结果都与地面释放相当,而且不需要人力,也没有风险。这两项试验证明了使用空中释放方法进行大规模蚊子释放的可行性。
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引用次数: 0
Robot behavior that can adapt to user interaction 能适应用户互动的机器人行为。
IF 26.1 1区 计算机科学 Q1 ROBOTICS Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adr9645
Melisa Yashinski
Artificial neuroendocrine system responds to interaction with users and modulates robot behavior.
人工神经内分泌系统响应与用户的互动,并调节机器人的行为。
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引用次数: 0
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Science Robotics
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