Rice Science最新文献_第2页

Cross-Species Induction of Plant Immunity by Oryza-Specific Small Secreted Peptide, OsRALF26 水稻特异性小分泌肽OsRALF26诱导植物免疫的跨种研究

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.04.016

Oh-Kyu KWON , A-Ram JEONG , Hyeran MOON , Ryoung SHIN , Chang-Jin PARK

引用次数: 0

Intelligent Survey Method for Tiny Rice Pests and Their Natural Predators in Paddy Fields Using Augmented Reality (AR) Glasses 基于增强现实（AR）眼镜的稻田微小害虫及其天敌智能调查方法

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.08.005

Chen Hong , Ju Luo , Zelin Feng , Heping Ling , Lingyi Li , Jian Wu , Qing Yao , Shuhua Liu

Rice crops are frequently threatened by pests such as rice planthoppers (Nilaparvata lugens, Sogatella furcifera, and Laodelphax striatellus) and leafhoppers (Cicadellidae), which cause significant yield losses. Accurate identification of both pest developmental stages and their natural predators is crucial for effective pest control and maintaining ecological balance. However, conventional field surveys are often subjective, inefficient, and lack traceability. To overcome these limitations, this study proposed RiceInsectID, a two-stage cascaded detection method designed to identify and count tiny rice pests and their natural predators from white flat plate images captured by head-worn AR glasses. The method recognizes 25 insect classes, including 17 instars of rice planthoppers, 2 instars of leafhoppers, 4 spider species (Araneae), as well as Miridae and rove beetles (Staphylinidae Latreille). At the first coarse-grained detection stage, 16 visually similar classes are consolidated into 6 broader categories and detected using an enhanced YOLOv6 model. To improve small object detection and address class imbalance, the full-region overlapping sliding slices and target pasting (FOSTP) algorithm was applied, increasing the mean average precision at a 50% IoU threshold (mAP₅₀) by 35.46% over the baseline YOLOv6. Feature extraction and fusion were further improved by incorporating an efficient channel attention path aggregation feature pyramid network (ECA-PAFPN) and adaptive structure feature fusion (ASFF) modules, while the balanced classification mosaic (BCM) enhanced detection of minority classes. With test-time augmentation (TTA), mAP₅₀ improved by an additional 2.06%, reaching 84.71%. At the second fine-grained classification stage, each of the six broad classes from the first stage is further classified using individual ResNet50 models. Online data augmentation and transfer learning were employed to significantly enhance generalization. Compared with the baseline YOLOv6, the two-stage cascaded method improved recall by 4.06%, precision by 3.79%, and the F1-score by 3.92%. Overall, RiceInsectID achieved 82.85% recall, 80.62% precision, and an F1-score of 81.72%, demonstrating an efficient and practical solution for monitoring tiny rice pests and their natural predators in paddy fields. This study provides valuable insights for ecosystem monitoring and supporting sustainable pest management in rice agriculture.

水稻作物经常受到稻飞虱（Nilaparvata lugens， Sogatella furcifera和ladelphax striatellus）和叶蝉（Cicadellidae）等害虫的威胁，造成严重的产量损失。准确识别害虫的发育阶段及其天敌对有效防治害虫和维持生态平衡至关重要。然而，传统的实地调查往往是主观的、低效的，并且缺乏可追溯性。为了克服这些限制，本研究提出了一种两阶段级联检测方法riceinsect，旨在从头戴式AR眼镜捕获的白色平板图像中识别和计数微小的水稻害虫及其天敌。该方法识别出25个昆虫分类，包括17龄稻飞虱、2龄叶蝉、4种蜘蛛（蜘蛛目）、Miridae和rove beetles （Staphylinidae Latreille）。在第一个粗粒度检测阶段，16个视觉上相似的类被合并为6个更广泛的类别，并使用增强的YOLOv6模型进行检测。为了改善小目标检测和解决类不平衡问题，采用了全区域重叠滑动切片和目标粘贴（FOSTP）算法，在50% IoU阈值（mAP50）下的平均精度比基线YOLOv6提高了35.46%。通过引入有效的通道注意路径聚合特征金字塔网络（ECA-PAFPN）和自适应结构特征融合（ASFF）模块，进一步改进了特征提取和融合，而平衡分类马赛克（BCM）增强了少数类的检测。随着测试时间的增加（TTA）， mAP50又提高了2.06%，达到84.71%。在第二个细粒度分类阶段，使用单独的ResNet50模型对第一阶段的六个大类中的每一个进行进一步分类。采用在线数据增强和迁移学习，显著提高了泛化能力。与基线YOLOv6相比，两阶段级联方法的查全率提高4.06%，查准率提高3.79%，f1评分提高3.92%。总体而言，riceinsect的查全率为82.85%，查准率为80.62%，f1评分为81.72%，是一种高效实用的稻田害虫及其天敌监测方法。该研究为生态系统监测和支持水稻农业害虫的可持续治理提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Functional and Nutraceutical Potential of Indian Rice Landraces: A Comprehensive Scientific Review 印度地方水稻的功能和营养潜力：一个全面的科学综述

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.08.009

D. Priyanga , K. Amudha , N. Sakthivel , P. Sivasakthivelan , S. Utharasu , D. Uma , M. Sudha

In recent years, traditional rice landraces have gained increasing attention among consumers, scientists, and nutritionists because of their nutritional and therapeutic value. The diverse rice gene pool of the Indian subcontinent is bestowed with indigenous rice types augmented with nutrients and phytochemicals. Landraces high in resistant starch and dietary fiber contribute to gut health and help prevent gastrointestinal disorders, whereas those with high-quality protein contents, such as glutelin and lysine, all-trans retinoic acid, as well as iron and zinc contents (even in polished rice), play a vital role in the alleviation of malnutrition and hidden hunger. Metabolomic studies have revealed the presence of novel bioactive molecules, including tocols (e.g., gamma-tocotrienol and alpha-tocopherol), phytosterols (e.g., campestrol, beta-sitosterol, and stigmasterol), phenolic acids (e.g., 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 4-vinylphenol, 3,5-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, ionol, and 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), flavonoids [e.g., flavonolignans tricin 4′-O-(threo-β-guaiacylglyceryl) ether and tricin 4′-O-(erythro-β-guaiacylglyceryl) ether], anthocyanins (e.g., delphinidin and cyanidin), carotenoids (e.g., 7,7′,8,8′-tetrahydrolycopene and 1-hydroxylycopene), diterpenoids (e.g., sugiol), vitamin D3 (a secosteroid), and bioactive vitamin D (e.g., calcitriol). These bioactive phytochemicals endow Indian rice landraces, rich in antioxidants, with antiphlogistic, antineoplastic, cardiac risk preventive, antiviral, and antitubercular activities, confirming their use in traditional Indian medicine. Furthermore, Indian landraces with a low glycemic index may benefit the Asian Indian phenotype, which is characterized by clinical anomalies such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia (reduced high-density lipoprotein levels), and high dietary glycemic load. Therefore, the conservation of India’s traditional rice varieties is vital for both sustainable agriculture and improving global health.

近年来，传统的地方水稻品种因其营养和治疗价值而越来越受到消费者、科学家和营养学家的关注。印度次大陆多样化的水稻基因库被赋予了富含营养和植物化学物质的本土水稻类型。富含抗性淀粉和膳食纤维的地方品种有助于肠道健康，并有助于预防胃肠道疾病，而那些含有高质量蛋白质的地方品种，如谷蛋白和赖氨酸、全反式视黄酸，以及铁和锌含量（即使在精米中），在减轻营养不良和隐性饥饿方面发挥着至关重要的作用。代谢组学研究揭示了新的生物活性分子的存在，包括工具（例如，γ -生育三烯醇和α -生育酚）、植物甾醇（例如，油菜醇、β-谷甾醇和豆甾醇）、酚酸（例如，2-甲氧基-4-乙烯基酚、4-乙烯基酚、3,5-二叔丁基酚、2,4-二叔丁基酚、离子醇和2,6-二叔丁基酚）、类黄酮[例如，黄酮木质素化合物tricin 4 ' - o-（三o-β-愈创木酰甘油）醚和tricin 4 ' - o-（红素-β-愈创木酰甘油）醚]、花青素（如飞鸽苷和花青素）、类胡萝卜素（如7,7′、8,8′-四氢番茄红素和1-羟基番茄红素）、二萜（如糖醇）、维生素D3（一种类固醇）和生物活性维生素D（如骨化三醇）。这些具有生物活性的植物化学物质赋予印度地方稻品种丰富的抗氧化剂，具有消炎、抗肿瘤、预防心脏病、抗病毒和抗结核的活性，证实了它们在印度传统医学中的应用。此外，低血糖指数的印度本土人种可能有利于亚洲印度人的表型，其特征是临床异常，如胰岛素抵抗、血脂异常（高密度脂蛋白水平降低）和高饮食血糖负荷。因此，保护印度的传统水稻品种对可持续农业和改善全球健康都至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Accelerating Wild Rice Disease-Resistant Germplasm Exploration: Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Powered Wild Rice Blast Disease Level Evaluation and Disease-Resistance Identification 加速野生水稻抗病种质资源开发：人工智能（AI）驱动的野生水稻稻瘟病等级评估和抗病鉴定

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.05.005

Pan Pan , Wenlong GUO , Hengbo LI , Yifan SHAO , Zhihao GUO , Ye JIN , Yanrong CHENG , Guoping YU , Zhenshi FU , Lin HU , Xiaoming ZHENG , Guomin ZHOU , Jianhua ZHANG

Accurate evaluation of disease levels in wild rice germplasm and identification of disease resistance are critical for developing rice varieties resistant to blast disease. However, existing evaluation methods face limitations that hinder progress in breeding. To address these challenges, we proposed an AI-powered method for evaluating blast disease levels and identifying resistance in wild rice. A lightweight segmentation model for diseased leaves and lesions was developed, incorporating an improved federated learning approach to enhance robustness and adaptability. Based on the segmentation results and resistance identification technical specifications, wild rice materials were evaluated into 10 disease levels (L0 to L9), further enabling disease-resistance identification through multiple replicates of the same materials. The method was successfully implemented on augmented reality glasses for real-time, first-person evaluation. Additionally, high-speed scanners and edge computing devices were integrated to enable continuous, precise, and dynamic evaluation. Experimental results demonstrate the outstanding performance of the proposed method, achieving effective segmentation of diseased leaves and lesions with only 0.22 M parameters and 5.3 G floating-point operations per second (FLOPs), with a mean average precision ([email protected]) of 96.3%. The accuracy of disease level evaluation and disease-resistance identification reached 99.7%, with a practical test accuracy of 99.0%, successfully identifying three highly resistant wild rice materials. This method provides strong technical support for efficiently identifying wild rice materials resistant to blast disease and advancing resistance breeding efforts.

准确评价野生水稻种质资源的病害水平和鉴定抗病性是培育抗稻瘟病水稻品种的关键。然而，现有的评估方法面临着阻碍育种进展的局限性。为了应对这些挑战，我们提出了一种基于人工智能的方法来评估野生水稻的稻瘟病水平和鉴定抗性。开发了一种轻量级的病叶和病变分割模型，结合改进的联邦学习方法来增强鲁棒性和适应性。根据分割结果和抗性鉴定技术规范，将野生稻材料分为10个病害等级（L0 ~ L9），进一步实现了对同一材料的多次重复进行抗病鉴定。该方法已在增强现实眼镜上成功实现，用于实时第一人称评估。此外，还集成了高速扫描仪和边缘计算设备，以实现连续、精确和动态的评估。实验结果证明了该方法的优异性能，仅用0.22 M个参数和5.3 G个浮点运算/秒（FLOPs）就实现了对病叶和病变的有效分割，平均精度（[email protected]）达到96.3%。病害等级评价和抗病鉴定准确率达99.7%，实际试验准确率达99.0%，成功鉴定出3种高抗性野生稻材料。该方法为高效鉴定野生水稻稻瘟病抗性材料和推进稻瘟病抗性育种提供了强有力的技术支持。

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引用次数: 0

Genome-Wide Identification of Dopamine β-Monooxygenase N-Terminal Gene Family in Rice and Its Role in Response to Blast Disease and Abiotic Stress 水稻多巴胺β-单加氧酶n端基因家族的全基因组鉴定及其在稻瘟病和非生物胁迫中的作用

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.05.004

Mareyam Mukhtar , Amresh Kumar , Ashfak S. Mujawar , Bhuvnesh Sareen , Suhas G. Karkute , Rohini Sreevathsa , Amitha Mithra Sevanthi , Amolkumar U. Solanke

Dopamine β-monooxygenase N-terminal (DOMON) domain-containing genes are present across all taxa and are critical in cell signaling and redox transport. Despite their significance, these genes remain understudied in plant species. In this study, we identified 15 DOMON genes in rice and analyzed their phylogenetic relationships, conserved motifs, and cis-regulatory elements. Phylogenetic analysis revealed distinct clustering of OsDOMON genes in rice and other monocots, compared with Arabidopsis thaliana. Promoter analysis showed a higher abundance of stress-related regulatory elements in Tetep, a well-known blast and abiotic stress-tolerant cultivar, compared with Nipponbare and HP2216. OsDOMON genes displayed differential expression under biotic stress (Magnaporthe oryzae infection) and abiotic stresses (drought, heat, and salinity) in contrasting cultivars. Tetep exhibited significantly higher expression levels of specific OsDOMON genes during early blast infection stages, particularly OsDOMON6.1 and OsDOMON9.2, suggesting their roles in cell wall fortification and reactive oxygen species signaling. Under abiotic stress, genes like OsDOMON3.3, OsDOMON8.1, and OsDOMON9.2 showed higher expression in Tetep, indicating their involvement in stress tolerance mechanisms. This study provides a foundation for future functional studies of OsDOMON genes, paving the way for developing rice cultivars resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses.

含有多巴胺β-单氧合酶n端（DOMON）结构域的基因存在于所有类群中，在细胞信号传导和氧化还原运输中起着关键作用。尽管具有重要意义，但这些基因在植物物种中的研究仍然不足。在这项研究中，我们鉴定了水稻中的15个DOMON基因，并分析了它们的系统发育关系、保守基序和顺式调控元件。系统发育分析表明，水稻和其他单子叶植物与拟南芥相比，OsDOMON基因具有明显的聚类性。启动子分析表明，与Nipponbare和HP2216相比，Tetep的胁迫相关调控元件丰度更高。OsDOMON基因在生物胁迫（稻瘟病菌感染）和非生物胁迫（干旱、高温和盐度）下表现出差异表达。testep在细胞感染早期表现出特异性OsDOMON基因的高表达水平，特别是OsDOMON6.1和OsDOMON9.2，这表明它们在细胞壁强化和活性氧信号传导中起着重要作用。在非生物胁迫下，OsDOMON3.3、OsDOMON8.1、OsDOMON9.2等基因在testep中表达量增加，提示其参与了胁迫耐受机制。该研究为进一步研究OsDOMON基因的功能奠定了基础，为培育抗生物和非生物胁迫的水稻品种铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

OsPR10b Positively Regulates Blast and Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice OsPR10b正调控水稻稻瘟病和白叶枯病抗性

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.04.014

Niqing He , Shaojun Lin , Zhaoping Cheng , Fenghuang Huang , Yidan Jin , Wenxiao Wang , Dewei Yang

引用次数: 0

Long-Range Admixture Linkage Disequilibrium and Allelic Responses of Sub1 and TPP7 under Consecutive Stress in Rice Validated Through Mendelian Randomization 孟德尔随机化验证水稻Sub1和TPP7在连续胁迫下的远程杂合连锁不平衡及等位基因响应

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.06.009

Sabarinathan SELVARAJ , Parameswaran CHIDAMBARANATHAN , Goutam Kumar DASH , Priyadarsini SANGHAMITRA , Kishor Pundlik JEUGHALE , Cayalvizhi BALASUBRAMANIASAI , Devraj LENKA , Basavantraya Navadagi DEVANNA , Seenichamy Rathinam PRABHUKARTHIKEYAN , Sanghamitra SAMANTARAY , Amaresh Kumar NAYAK

Consecutive stresses, such as initial submergence during germination followed by water deficit during the seedling stage, pose significant challenges to direct-seeded rice cultivation. By Linkage disequilibrium analysis, Sub1 and Dro1 (Δbp: 10 Mb), as well as Sub1 and TPP7 (Δbp: 6 Mb) were identified to exhibit long-range linkage disequilibrium (LRLD). Meta-QTL analysis further revealed that Sub1 and TPP7 co-segregated for tolerance to submergence at the germination and seedling stages. Based on this, we hypothesized that LRLD might influence plant responses to consecutive stresses. To test this hypothesis, we developed a structured recombinant inbred line population from a cross between Bhalum 2 and Nagina 22, with alleles (Sub1 and TPP7) in linkage equilibrium. Mendelian randomization analysis validated that the parental alleles, rather than the recombinant alleles of Sub1 and TPP7, significantly influenced 13 out of 41 traits under consecutive stress conditions. Additionally, 16 minor additive effect QTLs were detected between the genomic regions, spanning Sub1 and TPP7 for various traits. A single allele difference between these genomic regions enhanced crown root number, root dry weight, and specific root area by 11.45%, 15.69%, and 33.15%, respectively, under flooded germination conditions. Candidate gene analysis identified WAK79 and MRLK59 as regulators of stress responses during flooded germination, recovery, and subsequent water deficit conditions. These findings highlight the critical role of parental allele combinations and genomic regions between Sub1 and TPP7 in regulating the stress responses under consecutive stresses. Favourable haplotypes derived from these alleles can be utilized to improve stress resilience in direct-seeded rice.

连续胁迫，如发芽初期的淹没和苗期的水分亏缺，对水稻直播栽培构成了重大挑战。通过连锁不平衡分析，发现Sub1和Dro1 （Δbp: 10 Mb）以及Sub1和TPP7 （Δbp: 6 Mb）表现出远程连锁不平衡（LRLD）。Meta-QTL分析进一步揭示，Sub1和TPP7在萌发期和幼苗期耐淹性共分离。基于此，我们假设LRLD可能影响植物对连续胁迫的反应。为了验证这一假设，我们从balum 2和Nagina 22的杂交中开发了一个结构重组自交系群体，其中等位基因（Sub1和TPP7）处于连锁平衡状态。孟德尔随机化分析证实，在连续胁迫条件下，亲本等位基因显著影响了41个性状中的13个，而非重组的Sub1和TPP7等位基因。此外，在不同性状的基因组区域间检测到16个次要加性效应qtl，跨越Sub1和TPP7。在淹水萌发条件下，这些基因组区域间的单等位基因差异使冠根数、根干重和比根面积分别提高了11.45%、15.69%和33.15%。候选基因分析发现，WAK79和MRLK59在淹水萌发、恢复和随后的水分亏缺条件下是胁迫反应的调节因子。这些发现强调了亲本等位基因组合和Sub1和TPP7之间的基因组区域在调节连续胁迫下的应激反应中的关键作用。由这些等位基因衍生的有利单倍型可用于提高直播水稻的抗逆性。

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引用次数: 0

OsELF3.1-OsCATA-Ghd7 Pathway Regulates Rice Heading OsELF3.1-OsCATA-Ghd7通路调控水稻抽穗

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.06.001

Wu Zhaozhong , Zhong Zhengzheng , Xu Peng , Liu Ling , Wang Beifang , Yang Qinqin , Wen Xiaoxia , Ma Guifang , Luo Mili , Zhang Yingxin , Liu Qun’en , Peng Zequn , Zhan Xiaodeng , Cao Liyong , Cheng Shihua , Wu Weixun

Rice, a critical global staple crop, relies heavily on heading date, a key agronomic trait marking the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth. Understanding the genetic regulation of heading date is vital for enhancing the adaptability of high-quality rice varieties across diverse geographical regions and for bolstering local food security. In this study, we uncovered a novel role for OsCATA, a catalase gene, in the regulation of photoperiodic flowering in rice. We identified a novel allele of OsELF3.1, whose mutation resulted in delayed heading. Further analyses revealed that OsELF3.1 physically interacted with OsCATA. Notably, OsCATA exhibited rhythmic expression patterns similar to OsELF3.1 and, when mutated, also delayed flowering. Expression analyses showed that the delayed heading phenotype could be attributed to elevated Ghd7 expression under both long-day and short-day conditions, with OsCATA expression positively regulated by OsELF3.1. Double mutants of OsELF3.1 and OsCATA displayed a heading delay similar to that of oself3.1 single mutants. Additionally, OsELF3.1 could interact with Ghd7 in vivo, alleviating its suppression of Ehd1. Luciferase assays confirmed that Ghd7 repressed Ehd1 expression, while OsELF3.1 mitigated this repression. Collectively, our findings reveal that OsCATA is critical in suppressing Ghd7 expression through the OsELF3.1-OsCATA-Ghd7 transcriptional pathway, thereby regulating rice heading.

水稻是一种重要的全球主粮作物，在很大程度上依赖于抽穗日期，这是标志着水稻从营养生长向生殖生长过渡的关键农艺性状。了解抽穗日期的遗传调控对于提高优质水稻品种在不同地理区域的适应性和加强地方粮食安全至关重要。在这项研究中，我们发现了一个过氧化氢酶基因OsCATA在水稻光周期开花调控中的新作用。我们发现了一个新的OsELF3.1等位基因，其突变导致延迟抽穗。进一步分析发现OsELF3.1与OsCATA存在物理相互作用。值得注意的是，OsCATA表现出与OsELF3.1相似的节律性表达模式，当发生突变时，也会延迟开花。表达分析表明，延迟抽穗表型可归因于长日照和短日照条件下Ghd7表达升高，OsELF3.1正调控OsCATA表达。OsELF3.1和OsCATA双突变体的抽穗延迟与OsELF3.1单突变体相似。此外，OsELF3.1在体内可以与Ghd7相互作用，减轻其对Ehd1的抑制。荧光素酶测定证实，Ghd7抑制Ehd1的表达，而OsELF3.1减轻了这种抑制。综上所述，我们的研究结果表明，OsCATA通过OsELF3.1-OsCATA-Ghd7转录途径抑制Ghd7的表达，从而调节水稻抽穗。

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptomic Regulation Analysis Reveals Salt-Induced Response at Early Seedling Stages among Three Rice Genotypes 三种水稻基因型在苗期早期盐诱导应答的转录组调控分析

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.04.013

Sirinthorn Kongpraphrut , Yang Lü , Yueying Wang , Mohamed Hazman , Hanhua Tong , Qian Qian , Longbiao Guo

引用次数: 0

Production of Authentic Hybrid Seedlings by Conferring Parents with Resistance to Different Herbicides 通过赋予亲本对不同除草剂的抗性来生产正宗杂交幼苗

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.05.001

Wu Jingjing , Xia Shijian , Cai Yue , Zhang Qijun , Zong Shouyu , Zhu Qianhao , Yang Jie

引用次数: 0