Rice Science最新文献_第7页

A Meta-Analysis of 30 Years in China and Micro-District Experiments Shows Organic Fertilizer Quantification Combined with Chemical Fertilizer Reduction Enhances Rice Yield on Saline-Alkali Land 中国30年的荟萃分析和微区试验表明，在盐碱地上，定量施用有机肥与减量施用化肥相结合可提高水稻产量

IF 5.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.01.004

He Chen , Ruan Yunze , Jia Zhongjun

To improve the yield and quality of rice grown on saline-alkali soil, a meta-analysis combined with micro-district experimental studies was conducted in China to examine the impact of humic acid- based organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer on rice yield and quality. This study employed a two-factor fully randomized experimental design, incorporating four levels of humic acid (F0, 0.0 g/pot; F1, 4.8 g/pot; F2, 12.0 g/pot; and F3, 19.2 g/pot) and three levels of chemical fertilizer (A1, full conventional dosage; A2, 85% of conventional dosage; and A3, 70% of conventional dosage). The meta-analysis revealed that the application of organic fertilizer (at a rate of 1500‒3000 kg/hm²) combined with chemical fertilizer had a significantly positive effect on the theoretical yield, tiller number, partial factor productivity, and SPAD value of rice. Temperature, organic fertilizer application, and chemical fertilizer levels were identified as critical factors affecting rice yield. The micro-experiments demonstrated that the application of humic acid organic fertilizer with treatment F3 significantly elevated the SPAD value at the full heading and grain filling stages. Increased panicle number and seed-setting rate were the main contributors to the rise in yield, with the F3 treatment yielding the highest overall. The effective leaf area, high-efficiency leaf area, and dry matter accumulation in rice treated with F3 were all higher compared with the F0 treatment. Our findings indicated that the addition of humic acid organic fertilizer can markedly improve the partial factor productivity and agronomic efficiency of rice. In conclusion, the application of F3 organic fertilizer combined with A3 chemical fertilizer (F3A3) significantly increased the yield of saline-alkali rice, which was 6.62% higher than that of the F0A1 treatment, thereby validating the meta-analysis outcomes. We propose that the combined use of humic acid organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer can promote the growth of rice in saline-alkali soils. Consequently, these management practices provide a means to foster the green and healthy development of rice in saline-alkali regions across China.

为提高盐碱地水稻的产量和品质，中国开展了一项荟萃分析与微区试验相结合的研究，探讨以腐植酸为基础的有机肥和化肥对水稻产量和品质的影响。该研究采用了双因素完全随机试验设计，包括四个腐植酸水平（F0，0.0 克/盆；F1，4.8 克/盆；F2，12.0 克/盆；F3，19.2 克/盆）和三个化肥水平（A1，全部常规用量；A2，常规用量的 85%；A3，常规用量的 70%）。荟萃分析表明，施用有机肥（施用量为 1500-3000 kg/hm2）和化肥对水稻的理论产量、分蘖数、部分要素生产率和 SPAD 值有显著的正向影响。温度、有机肥施用量和化肥水平被认为是影响水稻产量的关键因素。微试验表明，施用腐植酸有机肥 F3 处理可显著提高水稻全生育期和籽粒灌浆期的 SPAD 值。圆锥花序数和结实率的增加是产量提高的主要原因，其中 F3 处理的总体产量最高。与 F0 处理相比，F3 处理水稻的有效叶面积、高效叶面积和干物质积累都更高。我们的研究结果表明，添加腐植酸有机肥可显著提高水稻的部分要素生产率和农艺效率。总之，施用 F3 有机肥和 A3 化肥（F3A3）能显著提高盐碱地水稻的产量，比 F0A1 处理增产 6.62%，从而验证了荟萃分析的结果。我们认为，结合使用腐植酸有机肥和化肥可以促进水稻在盐碱地中的生长。因此，这些管理方法为促进中国盐碱地水稻的绿色健康发展提供了一种途径。

{"title":"A Meta-Analysis of 30 Years in China and Micro-District Experiments Shows Organic Fertilizer Quantification Combined with Chemical Fertilizer Reduction Enhances Rice Yield on Saline-Alkali Land","authors":"He Chen , Ruan Yunze , Jia Zhongjun","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To improve the yield and quality of rice grown on saline-alkali soil, a meta-analysis combined with micro-district experimental studies was conducted in China to examine the impact of humic acid- based organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer on rice yield and quality. This study employed a two-factor fully randomized experimental design, incorporating four levels of humic acid (F0, 0.0 g/pot; F1, 4.8 g/pot; F2, 12.0 g/pot; and F3, 19.2 g/pot) and three levels of chemical fertilizer (A1, full conventional dosage; A2, 85% of conventional dosage; and A3, 70% of conventional dosage). The meta-analysis revealed that the application of organic fertilizer (at a rate of 1500‒3000 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>) combined with chemical fertilizer had a significantly positive effect on the theoretical yield, tiller number, partial factor productivity, and SPAD value of rice. Temperature, organic fertilizer application, and chemical fertilizer levels were identified as critical factors affecting rice yield. The micro-experiments demonstrated that the application of humic acid organic fertilizer with treatment F3 significantly elevated the SPAD value at the full heading and grain filling stages. Increased panicle number and seed-setting rate were the main contributors to the rise in yield, with the F3 treatment yielding the highest overall. The effective leaf area, high-efficiency leaf area, and dry matter accumulation in rice treated with F3 were all higher compared with the F0 treatment. Our findings indicated that the addition of humic acid organic fertilizer can markedly improve the partial factor productivity and agronomic efficiency of rice. In conclusion, the application of F3 organic fertilizer combined with A3 chemical fertilizer (F3A3) significantly increased the yield of saline-alkali rice, which was 6.62% higher than that of the F0A1 treatment, thereby validating the meta-analysis outcomes. We propose that the combined use of humic acid organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer can promote the growth of rice in saline-alkali soils. Consequently, these management practices provide a means to foster the green and healthy development of rice in saline-alkali regions across China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"32 2","pages":"Pages 259-272"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

NARROW AND ROLLED LEAF 9, a Novel Gene Encoding 20S Proteasome β1 Subunit that Regulates Leaf Morphology and Grain Size in Rice 调控水稻叶片形态和籽粒大小的20S蛋白酶体β1亚基的新基因-窄卷叶9

IF 5.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2024.12.008

Fengyu Kang , Liang Zhou , Wenqiang Chen , Pingliang Huang, Amos Musyoki Mawia, Ju Luo, Peisong Hu

引用次数: 0

Molecular and Biological Characterization of Novel Mitovirus Infecting Phytopathogenic Fungus Ustilaginoidea virens 感染植物病原真菌 Ustilaginoidea virens 的新型丝状病毒的分子和生物学特性鉴定

IF 5.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2024.11.002

He Zhenrui , Zhao Wenhua , Cheng Baoping , Yang Mei , Yang Yingqing , Zhu Yiming , Zhou Erxun

Rice false smut (RFS), caused by the ascomycete fungus Ustilaginoidea virens (Cooke) Takahashi, is a notable panicle disease of rice. Mycoviruses represent a category of viruses capable of infecting various fungal groups, garnering interest for their potential application in the biological control of plant fungal diseases. We identified a novel positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus, named Ustilaginoidea virens mitovirus 1 (UvMV1), from an abnormal U. virens strain Uv488. The complete genome sequence of UvMV1 is 2 474 nt in length and contains a large open reading frame encoding RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. UvMV1 is classified as a new member of the genus Unuamitovirus in the family Mitoviridae based on phylogenetic analysis. It is effectively transmitted vertically through conidia of strain Uv488 and horizontally through hyphal fusion between vegetatively compatible individuals with an 80% transmission efficiency. We further demonstrated that UvMV1 significantly influenced conidiation, colony morphology, growth rate, secondary metabolite production, and the response to environmental stress in U. virens. Furthermore, qRT-PCR results aimed at detecting the expression levels of autophagy-related genes suggested that UvMV1 infection had the potential to induce autophagy in U. virens. Activation or inhibition of autophagy through chemical experiments demonstrated that UvMV1 enhances viral titers by inducing autophagy in U. virens, while inhibition of autophagy results in decreased UvMV1 titers. Transcriptome analyses consistently demonstrated that UvMV1 regulated the expression of genes associated with secondary metabolism, mycelial growth, virulence, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, thereby influencing both the antiviral response and the virulence of U. virens. The data presented collectively identified a novel mycovirus responsible for inducing growth abnormalities in U. virens, and elucidated the regulatory mechanisms during mycovirus-host fungus interactions, particularly the autophagy pathway. These findings offer new perspectives and potential control strategies for managing RFS in agricultural settings.

水稻假黑穗病（Rice false sm黑穗病，RFS）是由子囊菌真菌Ustilaginoidea virens (Cooke) Takahashi引起的水稻穗部病害。分枝病毒是一类能够感染各种真菌群的病毒，因其在植物真菌病害生物防治中的潜在应用而引起人们的兴趣。我们从一株异常U. virens毒株Uv488中鉴定出一种新的正义单链RNA病毒，命名为Ustilaginoidea virens mitovirus 1 （UvMV1）。UvMV1的全基因组序列长度为2 474 nt，包含一个大的开放阅读框，编码RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶。根据系统发育分析，UvMV1被归类为有丝分裂病毒科unuamitvirus属的新成员。它通过菌株Uv488的分生孢子垂直传播，通过营养相容个体间的菌丝融合水平传播，传播效率为80%。我们进一步证明了UvMV1显著影响了U. virens的分生、菌落形态、生长速度、次生代谢物产量以及对环境胁迫的响应。此外，旨在检测自噬相关基因表达水平的qRT-PCR结果表明，UvMV1感染具有诱导豚鼠自噬的潜力。通过化学实验激活或抑制自噬表明，UvMV1通过诱导U. virens的自噬来提高病毒滴度，而抑制自噬导致UvMV1滴度降低。转录组分析一致表明，UvMV1调节与次级代谢、菌丝生长、毒力和丝裂原激活蛋白激酶信号通路相关的基因表达，从而影响U. virens的抗病毒反应和毒力。这些数据共同确定了一种新的分枝病毒，负责诱导U. virens生长异常，并阐明了分枝病毒-宿主真菌相互作用期间的调节机制，特别是自噬途径。这些发现为农业环境下的RFS管理提供了新的视角和潜在的控制策略。

{"title":"Molecular and Biological Characterization of Novel Mitovirus Infecting Phytopathogenic Fungus Ustilaginoidea virens","authors":"He Zhenrui , Zhao Wenhua , Cheng Baoping , Yang Mei , Yang Yingqing , Zhu Yiming , Zhou Erxun","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rice false smut (RFS), caused by the ascomycete fungus <em>Ustilaginoidea virens</em> (Cooke) Takahashi, is a notable panicle disease of rice. Mycoviruses represent a category of viruses capable of infecting various fungal groups, garnering interest for their potential application in the biological control of plant fungal diseases. We identified a novel positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus, named <em>Ustilaginoidea virens</em> mitovirus 1 (UvMV1), from an abnormal <em>U. virens</em> strain Uv488. The complete genome sequence of UvMV1 is 2 474 nt in length and contains a large open reading frame encoding RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. UvMV1 is classified as a new member of the genus <em>Unuamitovirus</em> in the family <em>Mitoviridae</em> based on phylogenetic analysis. It is effectively transmitted vertically through conidia of strain Uv488 and horizontally through hyphal fusion between vegetatively compatible individuals with an 80% transmission efficiency. We further demonstrated that UvMV1 significantly influenced conidiation, colony morphology, growth rate, secondary metabolite production, and the response to environmental stress in <em>U. virens</em>. Furthermore, qRT-PCR results aimed at detecting the expression levels of autophagy-related genes suggested that UvMV1 infection had the potential to induce autophagy in <em>U. virens</em>. Activation or inhibition of autophagy through chemical experiments demonstrated that UvMV1 enhances viral titers by inducing autophagy in <em>U. virens</em>, while inhibition of autophagy results in decreased UvMV1 titers. Transcriptome analyses consistently demonstrated that UvMV1 regulated the expression of genes associated with secondary metabolism, mycelial growth, virulence, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, thereby influencing both the antiviral response and the virulence of <em>U. virens</em>. The data presented collectively identified a novel mycovirus responsible for inducing growth abnormalities in <em>U. virens</em>, and elucidated the regulatory mechanisms during mycovirus-host fungus interactions, particularly the autophagy pathway. These findings offer new perspectives and potential control strategies for managing RFS in agricultural settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"32 2","pages":"Pages 243-258"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mapping of Red Hull Gene OsRH3 and Its Great Value in Mechanized Hybrid Rice Seed Production 红壳基因OsRH3的定位及其在杂交水稻机械化制种中的重要价值

IF 5.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2024.12.005

Fang Pengpeng , Sun Pingyong , Zhang Li , Wang Pengfei , Zeng Jia , He Qiang , Shu Fu , Xing Yongzhong , Deng Huafeng , Zhang Wuhan

引用次数: 0

Genome-Wide Discovery of Candidate Genes Associated with Cold Tolerance in Rice at Various Growth Stages 水稻不同生育期耐寒相关候选基因的全基因组发现

IF 5.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2024.12.001

Jiajun Liu , Cuili Wang , Mingmao Sun , Xiaoding Ma , Bing Han , Xiaohong Guo , Longzhi Han , Di Cui

引用次数: 0

Progress on Physiological Mechanisms of Rice Spikelet Degeneration at Different Panicle Positions Caused by Abiotic Stress 非生物胁迫下水稻不同穗位小穗变性生理机制研究进展

IF 5.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2024.09.002

Wang Jingqing , Wang Yaliang , Chen Yulin, Chen Huizhe, Xiang Jing, Zhang Yikai, Wang Zhigang, Zhang Yuping

Rice yield is heavily reliant on the number of spikelets per panicle, a factor determined by the processes of spikelet differentiation and degeneration. In rice cultivars with large panicles, spikelet degeneration negates the advantages of large panicle and constrains yield potential. Environmental stress-induced metabolic disorders in plants aggravate spikelet degeneration, with the sensitive period for this process commencing approximately 15‒20 d before panicle heading. Notable positional variations occur within the panicle, with significantly higher spikelet degeneration rates at the basal than at the upper positions. An imbalance of carbon and nitrogen metabolism represents the primary physiological basis for aggravated spikelet degeneration under abiotic stress. Impaired carbon and nitrogen metabolism leads to disordered energy metabolism and disrupted respiratory electron transport, which accelerates the apoptosis of young spikelets through excessive reactive oxygen species accumulation. Sucrose serves as the main carbohydrate source for spikelet development, demonstrating an apical dominance pattern that favors spikelet formation. However, under abiotic stress, the inhibition of sucrose decomposition, rather than sucrose transport impairment, predominantly contributes to aggravated spikelet degeneration at the basal panicle positions. Brassinolide and auxin have a significant relationship with spikelet formation, potentially mediating apical dominance. Specifically, brassinolide enhances sucrose accumulation and utilization, thereby alleviating spikelet degeneration. At present, the mechanisms underlying rice spikelet degeneration have not been fully revealed, and the joint effects of hormones, carbohydrates, and carbon and nitrogen metabolism on this process require further investigation. To reduce the spikelet degeneration, the strategic application of water and fertilizer to establish a stable rice population can enhance the rice plants’ resilience to abiotic stress. An effective approach to reducing spikelet degeneration is to increase the dry matter occupancy of each spikelet during the panicle initiation period.

水稻产量在很大程度上取决于每个圆锥花序的小穗数，而小穗数是由小穗分化和退化过程决定的。在大圆锥花序的水稻栽培品种中，小穗退化抵消了大圆锥花序的优势，限制了产量潜力。环境胁迫引起的植物新陈代谢紊乱会加剧小穗退化，这一过程的敏感期大约在圆锥花序抽穗前 15-20 d 开始。圆锥花序内的位置差异显著，基部位置的小穗退化率明显高于上部位置。碳氮代谢失衡是非生物胁迫下小穗退化加剧的主要生理基础。碳氮代谢失调会导致能量代谢紊乱和呼吸电子传递失调，从而通过过量的活性氧积累加速幼穗凋亡。蔗糖是小穗发育的主要碳水化合物来源，其顶端优势模式有利于小穗的形成。然而，在非生物胁迫下，抑制蔗糖分解，而不是蔗糖运输障碍，是导致基部圆锥花序位置小穗退化加剧的主要原因。芸苔素内酯和辅助素与小穗的形成有重要关系，可能是顶端优势的介导因素。具体来说，芸苔素内酯能促进蔗糖的积累和利用，从而缓解小穗退化。目前，水稻小穗退化的机理尚未完全揭示，激素、碳水化合物和碳氮代谢对这一过程的共同影响还需要进一步研究。为减少小穗退化，有策略地施用水肥以建立稳定的水稻群体，可增强水稻植株对非生物性胁迫的抗逆性。减少小穗退化的有效方法是在圆锥花序萌发期增加每个小穗的干物质占有量。

{"title":"Progress on Physiological Mechanisms of Rice Spikelet Degeneration at Different Panicle Positions Caused by Abiotic Stress","authors":"Wang Jingqing , Wang Yaliang , Chen Yulin, Chen Huizhe, Xiang Jing, Zhang Yikai, Wang Zhigang, Zhang Yuping","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rice yield is heavily reliant on the number of spikelets per panicle, a factor determined by the processes of spikelet differentiation and degeneration. In rice cultivars with large panicles, spikelet degeneration negates the advantages of large panicle and constrains yield potential. Environmental stress-induced metabolic disorders in plants aggravate spikelet degeneration, with the sensitive period for this process commencing approximately 15‒20 d before panicle heading. Notable positional variations occur within the panicle, with significantly higher spikelet degeneration rates at the basal than at the upper positions. An imbalance of carbon and nitrogen metabolism represents the primary physiological basis for aggravated spikelet degeneration under abiotic stress. Impaired carbon and nitrogen metabolism leads to disordered energy metabolism and disrupted respiratory electron transport, which accelerates the apoptosis of young spikelets through excessive reactive oxygen species accumulation. Sucrose serves as the main carbohydrate source for spikelet development, demonstrating an apical dominance pattern that favors spikelet formation. However, under abiotic stress, the inhibition of sucrose decomposition, rather than sucrose transport impairment, predominantly contributes to aggravated spikelet degeneration at the basal panicle positions. Brassinolide and auxin have a significant relationship with spikelet formation, potentially mediating apical dominance. Specifically, brassinolide enhances sucrose accumulation and utilization, thereby alleviating spikelet degeneration. At present, the mechanisms underlying rice spikelet degeneration have not been fully revealed, and the joint effects of hormones, carbohydrates, and carbon and nitrogen metabolism on this process require further investigation. To reduce the spikelet degeneration, the strategic application of water and fertilizer to establish a stable rice population can enhance the rice plants’ resilience to abiotic stress. An effective approach to reducing spikelet degeneration is to increase the dry matter occupancy of each spikelet during the panicle initiation period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"32 2","pages":"Pages 193-202"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Novel Approach for Screening Salinity-Tolerant Rice Germplasm by Exploring Redox-Regulated Cytological Fingerprint 利用氧化还原调控细胞学指纹图谱筛选耐盐水稻种质的新方法

IF 5.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.03.006

Uthpal Krishna Roy, Babita Pal, Soumen Bhattacharjee

Although metabolic homeostasis disruption, cellular damage, and premature senescence caused by salinity stress are well-documented in the literature, there are few studies investigating cytological changes induced by salinity stress within the altered metabolic landscape of rice, and this study aims to fill that gap. The cytological characterization of root tips (in terms of mitotic index and chromosomal abnormalities such as stickiness, laggards, fragments, bridges, micronuclei, ring chromosomes, and total mitotic abnormalities) was conducted on 10 experimental rice landraces from coastal Bangladesh, grown under post-imbibitional salinity stress (PISS), while correlating these changes with their metabolic status. The results revealed a strong correlation between salinity-induced cytological changes in root cells (mitotic index and chromosomal abnormalities) and the redox interactome status of all experimental rice landraces. The landraces Kutepatnai, Talmugur, Nonakochi, and Benapol, which exhibited a higher ability to mitigate PISS-induced chromosomal abnormalities and improve mitotic index, also showed lower accumulation of oxidative stress markers (protein carbonylation, lipid peroxidation, prooxidant accumulation, oxidative stress index, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-antioxidative stress index, and efficiency of ROS processing via the Halliwell-Asada pathway) compared with more susceptible landraces (Charobalam, Jotaibalam, Kachra, and Lalmota). These findings underscore the role of redox biology in preventing chromotoxic effects under salinity stress. Hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis, used to determine variations and similarities among the experimental rice landraces based on cytological attributes, redox interactome, and physiological phenotypes, classified the landraces according to their salinity tolerance and sensitivity. This study proposes a novel approach for exploring redox-regulated cytological fingerprints as a tool for identifying salinity-tolerant rice landraces.

虽然盐胁迫引起的代谢稳态破坏、细胞损伤和过早衰老在文献中有很好的记载，但很少有研究调查盐胁迫在改变的水稻代谢景观中引起的细胞学变化，本研究旨在填补这一空白。对来自孟加拉国沿海地区的10个试验性地方水稻进行了根尖的细胞学表征（包括有丝分裂指数和染色体异常，如粘性、滞后、片段、桥、微核、环染色体和总有丝分裂异常），并将这些变化与它们的代谢状态联系起来。结果表明，盐诱导的根细胞细胞学变化（有丝分裂指数和染色体异常）与所有地方水稻的氧化还原相互作用体状态有很强的相关性。地方品种Kutepatnai、Talmugur、Nonakochi和Benapol表现出较强的减轻piss诱导的染色体异常和改善有丝分裂指数的能力，同时也显示出较低的氧化应激标志物（蛋白质羰基化、脂质过氧化、促氧化剂积累、氧化应激指数、活性氧(ROS)-抗氧化应激指数）的积累。和更敏感的地方品种（Charobalam, Jotaibalam， Kachra和Lalmota）相比，ROS处理效率（通过Halliwell-Asada途径）。这些发现强调了氧化还原生物学在防止盐胁迫下的色毒性作用中的作用。基于细胞学属性、氧化还原相互作用组和生理表型，利用层次聚类分析和主成分分析确定了不同地方稻品种间的差异和相似性，并根据耐盐性和敏感性对地方稻品种进行了分类。本研究提出了一种新的方法来探索氧化还原调控的细胞学指纹图谱，作为鉴定耐盐水稻地方品种的工具。

{"title":"A Novel Approach for Screening Salinity-Tolerant Rice Germplasm by Exploring Redox-Regulated Cytological Fingerprint","authors":"Uthpal Krishna Roy, Babita Pal, Soumen Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although metabolic homeostasis disruption, cellular damage, and premature senescence caused by salinity stress are well-documented in the literature, there are few studies investigating cytological changes induced by salinity stress within the altered metabolic landscape of rice, and this study aims to fill that gap. The cytological characterization of root tips (in terms of mitotic index and chromosomal abnormalities such as stickiness, laggards, fragments, bridges, micronuclei, ring chromosomes, and total mitotic abnormalities) was conducted on 10 experimental rice landraces from coastal Bangladesh, grown under post-imbibitional salinity stress (PISS), while correlating these changes with their metabolic status. The results revealed a strong correlation between salinity-induced cytological changes in root cells (mitotic index and chromosomal abnormalities) and the redox interactome status of all experimental rice landraces. The landraces Kutepatnai, Talmugur, Nonakochi, and Benapol, which exhibited a higher ability to mitigate PISS-induced chromosomal abnormalities and improve mitotic index, also showed lower accumulation of oxidative stress markers (protein carbonylation, lipid peroxidation, prooxidant accumulation, oxidative stress index, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-antioxidative stress index, and efficiency of ROS processing via the Halliwell-Asada pathway) compared with more susceptible landraces (Charobalam, Jotaibalam, Kachra, and Lalmota). These findings underscore the role of redox biology in preventing chromotoxic effects under salinity stress. Hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis, used to determine variations and similarities among the experimental rice landraces based on cytological attributes, redox interactome, and physiological phenotypes, classified the landraces according to their salinity tolerance and sensitivity. This study proposes a novel approach for exploring redox-regulated cytological fingerprints as a tool for identifying salinity-tolerant rice landraces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"32 2","pages":"Pages 228-242"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Establishing Programmable CRISPR/Cas13b-Mediated Knockdown System in Rice 可编程CRISPR/ cas13b介导的水稻基因敲低系统的建立

IF 5.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2024.12.012

Wang Shuman , Zhang Linqi , Gao Ruiren , Wei Guangbo , Dong Weiguo , Xu Jiming , Wang Zhiye

CRISPR-Cas endonucleases mediate prokaryotic adaptive immunity by targeting foreign nucleic acids. CRISPR/Cas13b is a class 2 type VI-B ribonuclease that targets and cleaves single-stranded RNA. It exhibits higher RNA interference activity than Cas13a and Cas13c and causes fewer collateral effects than RxCas13d in mammalian cells. However, a programmable CRISPR/Cas13b-mediated RNA interference system for endogenous transcripts in rice has not yet been established. Here, we developed a CRISPR/Cas13b-mediated system to target endogenous transcripts in rice. Our CRISPR/Cas13b system could inhibit multiple endogenous mRNAs simultaneously. In addition, this system efficiently repressed endogenous long noncoding RNAs with more than 50% inhibition in stable transgenic plants. Furthermore, we found only weak collateral effects of the CRISPR/Cas13b-mediated system at the transcriptome-wide level, and no difference in the agronomic traits of stable transgenic rice in the field. We present a programmable CRISPR/Cas13b-mediated knockdown system for rice, offering a potential biotechnological tool for functional genomics and crop improvement.

CRISPR-Cas内切酶通过靶向外源核酸介导原核适应性免疫。CRISPR/Cas13b是一种2类VI-B核糖核酸酶，靶向并切割单链RNA。在哺乳动物细胞中，它比Cas13a和Cas13c表现出更高的RNA干扰活性，比RxCas13d产生更少的附带效应。然而，一个可编程的CRISPR/ cas13b介导的水稻内源转录物的RNA干扰系统尚未建立。在这里，我们开发了一个CRISPR/ cas13b介导的系统来靶向水稻中的内源转录物。我们的CRISPR/Cas13b系统可以同时抑制多种内源性mrna。此外，该系统在稳定的转基因植物中有效抑制内源性长链非编码rna，抑制率超过50%。此外，我们发现CRISPR/ cas13b介导的系统在转录组水平上只有微弱的附带效应，并且在田间稳定的转基因水稻的农艺性状上没有差异。我们提出了一个可编程的CRISPR/ cas13b介导的水稻敲低系统，为功能基因组学和作物改良提供了一个潜在的生物技术工具。

{"title":"Establishing Programmable CRISPR/Cas13b-Mediated Knockdown System in Rice","authors":"Wang Shuman , Zhang Linqi , Gao Ruiren , Wei Guangbo , Dong Weiguo , Xu Jiming , Wang Zhiye","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.12.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.12.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CRISPR-Cas endonucleases mediate prokaryotic adaptive immunity by targeting foreign nucleic acids. CRISPR/Cas13b is a class 2 type VI-B ribonuclease that targets and cleaves single-stranded RNA. It exhibits higher RNA interference activity than Cas13a and Cas13c and causes fewer collateral effects than RxCas13d in mammalian cells. However, a programmable CRISPR/Cas13b-mediated RNA interference system for endogenous transcripts in rice has not yet been established. Here, we developed a CRISPR/Cas13b-mediated system to target endogenous transcripts in rice. Our CRISPR/Cas13b system could inhibit multiple endogenous mRNAs simultaneously. In addition, this system efficiently repressed endogenous long noncoding RNAs with more than 50% inhibition in stable transgenic plants. Furthermore, we found only weak collateral effects of the CRISPR/Cas13b-mediated system at the transcriptome-wide level, and no difference in the agronomic traits of stable transgenic rice in the field. We present a programmable CRISPR/Cas13b-mediated knockdown system for rice, offering a potential biotechnological tool for functional genomics and crop improvement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"32 2","pages":"Pages 217-227"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fluorescence Detection of Bacterial Pathogens in Rice by Recombinant Polymerase Amplification Based on Self-Heating Paper Chip 基于自热纸屑的重组聚合酶扩增水稻病原菌荧光检测

IF 5.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.01.001

Ning Yang , Jiuju Fu , Aiying Wang , Shuhua Liu , Kangpeng Chang , Wei Song , Shoulong Tao , Hanping Mao , Xiaodong Zhang , Lijia Xu

引用次数: 0

Discerning Genes to Deliver Varieties: Enhancing Vegetative- and Reproductive-Stage Flooding Tolerance in Rice 识别基因传递品种：提高水稻营养期和生殖期的耐涝性

IF 5.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.01.002

Sanchika Snehi , Kt Ravi Kiran , Sanket Rathi , Sameer Upadhyay , Suneetha Kota , Satish Kumar Sanwal , Bm Lokeshkumar , Arun Balasubramaniam , Nitish Ranjan Prakash , Pawan Kumar Singh

Flooding in rice fields, especially in coastal regions and low-lying river basins, causes significant devastation to crops. Rice is highly susceptible to prolonged flooding, with a drastic decline in yields if inundation persists for more than 7 d, especially during the reproductive stage. Although the SUB1 QTL, which confers tolerance to complete submergence during the vegetative stage, has been incorporated into breeding programs, the development of alternative sources is crucial. These alternatives would broaden the genetic base, mitigate the influence of the genomic background, and extend the efficacy of SUB1 QTL to withstand longer submergence periods (up to approximately 21 d). Contemporary breeding strategies predominantly target submergence stress at the vegetative stage. However, stagnant flooding (partial submergence of vegetative parts) during the reproductive phase inflicts severe damage on the rice crop, leading to reduced yields, heightened susceptibility to pests and diseases, lodging, and inferior grain quality. The ability to tolerate stagnant flooding can be ascribed to several adaptive traits: accelerated aerenchyma formation, efficient underwater photosynthesis, reduced radial oxygen loss in submerged tissues, reinforced culms, enhanced reactive oxygen species scavenging within cells, dehydration tolerance post-flooding, and resistance to pests and diseases. A thorough investigation of the genetics underlying these traits, coupled with the integration of key alleles into elite genetic backgrounds, can significantly enhance food and income security in flood-prone rice-growing regions, particularly in coastal high-rainfall areas and low-lying river basins. This review aims to delineate an innovative breeding strategy that employs genomic, phenomic, and traditional breeding methodologies to develop rice varieties resilient to various dimensions of flooding stress at both the vegetative and reproductive stages.

稻田的洪水，特别是沿海地区和低洼河流流域的洪水，对农作物造成严重破坏。水稻极易受到长时间洪水的影响，如果洪水持续超过7天，特别是在繁殖阶段，产量会急剧下降。虽然SUB1 QTL在营养阶段具有完全浸没的耐受性，已被纳入育种计划，但开发替代来源至关重要。这些替代方案将扩大遗传基础，减轻基因组背景的影响，并延长SUB1 QTL的效力，以承受更长的淹没期（高达约21 d）。当代育种策略主要针对营养阶段的淹没胁迫。然而，在繁殖阶段，停滞的洪水（部分营养部分被淹没）对水稻作物造成严重损害，导致产量下降，易患病虫害、倒伏和粮食质量下降。耐滞水的能力可归因于几个适应特性：加速通气组织的形成，高效的水下光合作用，减少水下组织的径向氧损失，强化茎，增强细胞内活性氧的清除能力，水淹后的脱水耐受性，以及对病虫害的抵抗力。深入研究这些性状的遗传基础，并将关键等位基因整合到精英遗传背景中，可以显著提高洪水易发水稻种植区的粮食和收入安全，特别是在沿海高降雨量地区和低洼河流流域。这篇综述旨在描述一种创新的育种策略，该策略利用基因组学、表型学和传统育种方法，在营养和生殖阶段培育出能够抵御各种洪水胁迫的水稻品种。

{"title":"Discerning Genes to Deliver Varieties: Enhancing Vegetative- and Reproductive-Stage Flooding Tolerance in Rice","authors":"Sanchika Snehi , Kt Ravi Kiran , Sanket Rathi , Sameer Upadhyay , Suneetha Kota , Satish Kumar Sanwal , Bm Lokeshkumar , Arun Balasubramaniam , Nitish Ranjan Prakash , Pawan Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flooding in rice fields, especially in coastal regions and low-lying river basins, causes significant devastation to crops. Rice is highly susceptible to prolonged flooding, with a drastic decline in yields if inundation persists for more than 7 d, especially during the reproductive stage. Although the <em>SUB1</em> QTL, which confers tolerance to complete submergence during the vegetative stage, has been incorporated into breeding programs, the development of alternative sources is crucial. These alternatives would broaden the genetic base, mitigate the influence of the genomic background, and extend the efficacy of <em>SUB1</em> QTL to withstand longer submergence periods (up to approximately 21 d). Contemporary breeding strategies predominantly target submergence stress at the vegetative stage. However, stagnant flooding (partial submergence of vegetative parts) during the reproductive phase inflicts severe damage on the rice crop, leading to reduced yields, heightened susceptibility to pests and diseases, lodging, and inferior grain quality. The ability to tolerate stagnant flooding can be ascribed to several adaptive traits: accelerated aerenchyma formation, efficient underwater photosynthesis, reduced radial oxygen loss in submerged tissues, reinforced culms, enhanced reactive oxygen species scavenging within cells, dehydration tolerance post-flooding, and resistance to pests and diseases. A thorough investigation of the genetics underlying these traits, coupled with the integration of key alleles into elite genetic backgrounds, can significantly enhance food and income security in flood-prone rice-growing regions, particularly in coastal high-rainfall areas and low-lying river basins. This review aims to delineate an innovative breeding strategy that employs genomic, phenomic, and traditional breeding methodologies to develop rice varieties resilient to various dimensions of flooding stress at both the vegetative and reproductive stages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"32 2","pages":"Pages 160-176"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0