Rice Science最新文献

英文中文

A Mucin2-Like Gene, NlMuc2, is Required for Early Embryonic Development in Nilaparvata lugens 一个mucin2样基因NlMuc2在褐家兔早期胚胎发育中是必需的

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.04.004

Weixia Wang , Tingheng Zhu , Qi Wei , Pinjun Wan , Jiachun He , Fengxiang Lai , Qiang Fu

In Nilaparvata lugens, a serious and widespread rice pest, high fecundity is one of the important reasons for large populations and outbreaks. As embryogenesis is a critical process associated with insect fecundity, this study investigated the function of the Mucin2-like gene (NlMuc2) in the embryogenesis of N. lugens. The results showed that NlMuc2 was highly expressed in female reproductive organs and in 1-day-old eggs. Knockdown of NlMuc2 via RNA interference (RNAi) in 3rd instar nymphs resulted in increased mortality. In 5th instar nymphs, NlMuc2 knockdown led to a dramatic reduction in egg hatchability from 86.0% to 24.0%, offspring numbers from 330.4 to 81.5, egg count from 382.4 to 217.0, and resulted in 86.0% of eggs exhibiting inverted embryos. In newly emerged females, NlMuc2 knockdown retarded ovarian development and decreased the number of mature eggs, with 51.0% of eggs containing inverted embryos. Transcriptome sequencing analysis of eggs revealed that numerous genes were downregulated after NlMuc2 knockdown, with 16 and 15 downregulated genes enriched in the Wnt and MAPK pathways, respectively. Temporal and spatial expression profiling of selected differentially expressed genes, including Axin, δ-Catenin, Glypican-4-like, and Ror-like in the Wnt pathway, and MKK4 in the MAPK pathway, showed expression patterns similar to NlMuc2. Knockdown of Ror-like, Glypican-4-like, or MKK4 reduced the total number of eggs. Knockdown of Axin or MKK4 reduced the egg hatchability. A similar phenotype of eggs with inverted embryos was also observed in eggs laid by dsMKK4-and dsAxin-treated females. Thus, NlMuc2 is involved in embryonic development mainly by regulating the Wnt and MAPK signaling pathways. These findings may provide new targets for pesticide design and RNAi-based control of N. lugens, and will also provide new insights into insect embryonic development and the function of insect mucins.

褐飞虱是一种严重而广泛存在的水稻害虫，高繁殖力是其大量繁殖和暴发的重要原因之一。由于胚胎发生是昆虫繁殖力的关键过程，本研究探讨了Mucin2-like基因（NlMuc2）在lugens N. lugens胚胎发生中的作用。结果表明，NlMuc2在雌性生殖器官和1日龄卵子中高度表达。在3龄若虫中通过RNA干扰（RNAi）敲低NlMuc2导致死亡率增加。在5龄若虫中，NlMuc2基因敲低导致卵的孵化率从86.0%下降到24.0%，子代数从330.4下降到81.5，卵数从382.4下降到217.0,86.0%的卵出现倒胚。在新出现的雌性中，NlMuc2敲低会延缓卵巢发育，减少成熟卵子的数量，51.0%的卵子含有倒置胚胎。鸡蛋转录组测序分析显示，NlMuc2敲低后，许多基因下调，其中16个和15个下调基因分别富集于Wnt和MAPK通路。Wnt通路中的Axin、δ-Catenin、Glypican-4-like和Ror-like以及MAPK通路中的MKK4等差异表达基因的时空表达谱显示出与NlMuc2相似的表达模式。敲除Ror-like、Glypican-4-like或MKK4减少了卵子总数。Axin或MKK4基因的敲低降低了卵子的孵化率。在dsmkk4和dsaxin处理的雌性产下的卵中也观察到类似的胚胎倒置表型。因此，NlMuc2主要通过调控Wnt和MAPK信号通路参与胚胎发育。这些发现可能为农药设计和基于rnai的真菌控制提供新的靶点，也将为昆虫胚胎发育和昆虫粘蛋白的功能提供新的认识。

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引用次数: 0

Increasing Yields and Partial Factor Productivity of Rice Grown in Tropical Alfisols Using a Decision Support Tool 利用决策支持工具提高热带阿尔菲索地区水稻产量和部分要素生产率

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.05.002

Tharindu Nuwan Kulasinghe , Udaya W.A. Vitharana , Darshani Kumaragamage , Randombage Saman Dharmakeerthi , Kaushik Majumdar , Dinaratne Nihal Sirisena , Upul Kumari Rathnayake

引用次数: 0

Metabolic Engineering in Rice for Functional Metabolite Production 水稻代谢工程在功能性代谢物生产中的应用

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.03.003

Yong Jin Choi, Sun-Hwa Ha

To improve the nutritional and functional value of rice, numerous biotechnological approaches have focused on metabolic engineering to address nutritional deficiencies and produce health-beneficial compounds that are either absent or naturally present in low amounts. A prominent example is ‘Golden Rice’, which has been genetically modified to accumulate β-carotene to combat vitamin A deficiency in regions with limited dietary intake. Scientists have been continuously biofortifying rice with various specialized metabolites, including terpenoids, flavonoids, non-flavonoid polyphenols, betalains, vitamins, and amino acids. This review explores the specific pathways and genetic modifications utilized by researchers to enhance the accumulation of targeted metabolites in rice. It comprehensively summarizes key strategies and research trends in rice metabolic engineering, demonstrating how rice can be transformed into a strategic crop for producing industrially valuable compounds beyond its traditional role as a staple food by leveraging its advantages as a versatile host system through its grains, leaves, and cells. Furthermore, we highlight the potential of intergrating metabolic engineering with synthetic biology and big data-driven computational modeling, particularly through artificial intelligence and machine learning, as promising future research directions.

为了提高水稻的营养和功能价值，许多生物技术方法都集中在代谢工程上，以解决营养缺乏问题，并生产缺乏或自然少量存在的对健康有益的化合物。一个突出的例子是“黄金大米”，它经过基因改造，可以积累β-胡萝卜素，从而在饮食摄入有限的地区对抗维生素A缺乏症。科学家们一直在用各种专门的代谢物对大米进行生物强化，包括萜类、类黄酮、非类黄酮多酚、甜菜素、维生素和氨基酸。这篇综述探讨了研究人员利用特定的途径和遗传修饰来增强水稻中目标代谢物的积累。它全面总结了水稻代谢工程的关键策略和研究趋势，展示了水稻如何通过其谷物、叶片和细胞利用其作为多功能宿主系统的优势，超越其作为主食的传统角色，转变为生产具有工业价值的化合物的战略作物。此外，我们强调将代谢工程与合成生物学和大数据驱动的计算建模相结合的潜力，特别是通过人工智能和机器学习，作为未来有希望的研究方向。

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引用次数: 0

Aquaporin OsPIP2;2 Regulates Bakanae Disease Resistance in Rice 水通道蛋白OsPIP2;2调控水稻对Bakanae病的抗性

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.01.006

Xin Liu , Chanyuan Li , Ling Chen , Younan Ouyang , Zhijuan Ji

引用次数: 0

Genome-Wide Association Study and Haplotype Analysis Jointly Identify New Candidate Genes for Alkaline Tolerance at Seedling Stage in Rice 全基因组关联研究与单倍型分析联合鉴定水稻苗期耐碱性新候选基因

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.04.006

Ratan Kumar Ganapati , Kai Chen , Xiuqin Zhao , Tianqing Zheng , Fan Zhang , Laiyuan Zhai , Jianlong Xu

Alkaline soil is characterized by high soluble salt content, elevated pH levels, and ionic imbalance, all of which collectively intensify the harmful effects of alkaline stress on plants. To gain molecular insights into alkaline tolerance (AT), we evaluated 13 AT-related traits in 508 diverse rice accessions from the 3K Rice Germplasm Project at the seedling stage. A total of 2 929 764, 2 059 114, and 1 365 868 single nucleotide polymorphisms were used to identify alkaline-tolerance QTLs via genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in the entire population as well as in the xian and geng subpopulations, respectively. Candidate genes and their superior haplotypes were further identified through gene-based association, haplotype analysis, and gene function annotation. In total, 99 QTLs were identified for AT by GWAS, and three genes (LOC_Os03g49050 for qSSD3.1, LOC_Os05g48760 for qSKC5, and LOC_Os12g01922 for qSNC12) were selected as the most promising candidate genes. Furthermore, we successfully mined superior alleles of key candidate genes from natural variants associated with AT-related traits. This study identified crucial candidate genes and their favorable alleles for AT traits, laying a foundation for further gene cloning and the development of AT rice varieties via marker-assisted selection.

碱性土壤具有可溶性盐含量高、pH值升高、离子失衡等特征，这些特征共同加剧了碱胁迫对植物的有害影响。为了深入了解碱性耐受性（AT）的分子机制，我们对来自3K水稻种质资源项目的508份不同水稻材料幼苗期的13个AT相关性状进行了分析。通过全基因组关联研究（GWAS），在全群体、西安亚群体和耿亚群体中分别鉴定了2 929 764、2 059 114和1 365 868个单核苷酸多态性。通过基因关联、单倍型分析和基因功能注释进一步鉴定候选基因及其优势单倍型。GWAS共鉴定出99个AT qtl，筛选出qSSD3.1的LOC_Os03g49050、qSKC5的LOC_Os05g48760和qSNC12的LOC_Os12g01922为最有希望的候选基因。此外，我们成功地从与at相关性状相关的自然变异中挖掘出关键候选基因的优越等位基因。本研究确定了AT性状的关键候选基因及其有利等位基因，为进一步通过标记辅助选择进行基因克隆和AT水稻品种开发奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

A Recombinase-Aided Amplification-Lateral Flow Dipstick Detection Technique for Early On-Site Diagnosis of Bacterial Blight Caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in Rice 重组酶辅助扩增-侧流试纸检测技术在水稻黄单胞菌疫病早期现场诊断中的应用。水稻中的稻谷

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.01.005

Yuxuan Hou , Jie Zhu , Chenglong Lu , Libo Fan , Mengqi Liang , Xiaobo Zhang , Benyi Cheng , Xia Xu , Junyi Gong

Bacterial blight (BB) is a devastating worldwide rice disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), which is difficult to diagnose based on early symptoms. Conventional chemical control yields limited effectiveness once BB has spread. Consequently, it is imperative to develop a rapid, highly sensitive, specific, and easy-to-use detection technique for early on-site diagnosis of BB. We first developed a recombinase-aided amplification-lateral flow dipstick (RAA-LFD) technique for the on-site detection of Xoo. The optimized reaction temperature and time were 37 ºC and 20 min, indicating that the reaction system can be initiated by body temperature independently of any precision instruments. Evaluation of the RAA-LFD technique using the primers (RAAF2/R2) and probe (RAA2-nfo-probe) derived from the XooORF0080 locus exhibited high specificity and eliminated cross-reactivity with other bacterial species. The sensitivity of RAA-LFD is up to 1 pg/μL for Xoo genomic DNA and 100 CFU/mL for Xoo cells. Significantly, this technique accurately detected Xoo from both artificially inoculated and naturally infected rice leaves at the early stage of infection, directly deploying plant tissue fluid as the template without DNA extraction. These attributes make the developed RAA-LFD system a viable technique for the early diagnosis of BB in the field, providing technical support for early-warning systems and disease control.

白叶枯病（BB）是由水稻黄单胞菌（Xanthomonas oryzae pv）引起的一种世界性的水稻病害。这种病很难根据早期症状进行诊断。一旦BB扩散，常规的化学防治效果有限。因此，开发一种快速、高灵敏度、特异度和易于使用的检测技术对BB进行早期现场诊断势在必行。我们首先开发了一种重组酶辅助扩增-横向流动量尺（RAA-LFD）技术用于Xoo的现场检测。优化的反应温度为37℃，反应时间为20 min，表明该反应体系可由体温启动，无需任何精密仪器。利用XooORF0080基因座的引物（RAAF2/R2）和探针（raa2 - info -probe）对RAA-LFD技术进行评价，结果表明该技术具有较高的特异性，并且消除了与其他细菌的交叉反应性。RAA-LFD对Xoo基因组DNA的灵敏度可达1 pg/μL，对Xoo细胞的灵敏度可达100 CFU/mL。值得注意的是，该技术在侵染早期从人工接种和自然侵染的水稻叶片中都能准确检测到Xoo，直接利用植物组织液作为模板，无需提取DNA。这些特点使所开发的RAA-LFD系统成为现场早期诊断BB的可行技术，为预警系统和疾病控制提供技术支持。

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引用次数: 0

A Comprehensive Review of Hierarchical Porous Carbon Synthesis from Rice Husk 稻壳分级多孔碳合成技术综述

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.04.009

Dinuka Nuwan Tharaka , Nadeeka D. Tissera , Gayan Priyadarshana , Damayanthi Dahanayake

Hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) materials exhibit superior performance profiles in various applications due to their well-developed multiscale interconnected pore structures. The synthesis of HPC from natural biomass precursors instead of fossil fuel-based precursors has gained considerable attention in recent decades. Rice husk, a globally abundant agricultural waste, offers a sustainable and cost-effective precursor for HPC production. The structural components and inherent silica content of rice husk act as a natural self-template for forming hierarchical pore structures with superior characteristics. In this review, recent studies on preparing rice husk-based HPC are summarized, and synthesis techniques are evaluated. In addition, recent advancements in activation methods and the effect of silica templates are reviewed while comparing these with traditional activated carbon production methods. Potential future directions for research and development activities are also discussed. Rice husk is a highly promising candidate for producing high-performance HPC materials.

层次化多孔碳（HPC）材料由于其发育良好的多尺度互联孔隙结构，在各种应用中表现出优异的性能。近几十年来，用天然生物质前体代替化石燃料前体合成高性能聚乙烯获得了相当大的关注。稻壳是一种全球丰富的农业废弃物，为高性能pc生产提供了一种可持续的、具有成本效益的前体。稻壳的结构成分和固有的二氧化硅含量为形成具有优越特性的分层孔结构提供了天然的自模板。本文综述了近年来以稻壳为原料制备高性能塑料的研究进展，并对合成技术进行了评述。此外，综述了近年来在活化方法和二氧化硅模板效果方面的研究进展，并与传统的活性炭生产方法进行了比较。研究和发展活动的潜在未来方向也进行了讨论。稻壳是一种极具潜力的高性能高性能材料。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing Hybrid with Improved Resistance to Rice Blast and Superior Ratooning Ability 抗稻瘟病能力增强、再生力强的杂种优化

IF 5.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.04.015

Yi Liang , Zhaofeng Yi , Wen Zhuang , Teng Peng , Gui Xiao , Yunkai Jin , Qiyuan Tang , Jiaojun Xiong , Qiyun Deng , Bo Zhou , Xionglun Liu , Jun Wu

引用次数: 0

Function of R2R3-Type Myeloblastosis Transcription Factors in Plants r2r3型成髓细胞转录因子在植物中的作用

IF 5.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.01.007

Su Chen , Feilong Ma , Jiaoyang Chen , Man Qi , Qianshu Wei , Zhihuan Tao , Bo Sun

Myeloblastosis (MYB) transcription factors, particularly those in the R2R3 MYB subclass, are pivotal in plant growth, development, and environmental stress responses. As one of the largest transcription factor families in plants, the MYB family significantly regulates plant secondary metabolism, including the biosynthetic pathways for phenylpropanoids, which are crucial for stress resistance. This review presents a comprehensive overview of MYB transcription factor classification and their regulatory mechanisms in plant metabolism and stress responses. We discuss the roles of MYB transcription factors in biotic stress resistance, such as defense against pathogens and pests, and in abiotic stress tolerance, including responses to drought and salinity. Special attention is given to the interactions of R2R3 MYB with other transcription factors and co-repressors, focusing on how these synergistic or antagonistic relationships modulate physiological processes. The multifunctional role of R2R3 MYBs in stress responses positions them as promising targets for enhancing crop resilience through genetic breeding. Furthermore, this review highlights potential applications of MYB transcription factors in developing stress-resistant crops and their utility in plant resistant breeding programs.

髓母细胞病（MYB）转录因子，特别是R2R3 MYB亚类中的转录因子，在植物生长、发育和环境胁迫反应中起着关键作用。作为植物中最大的转录因子家族之一，MYB家族显著调控植物次生代谢，包括对抗逆性至关重要的苯丙素的生物合成途径。本文综述了MYB转录因子的分类及其在植物代谢和胁迫反应中的调控机制。我们讨论了MYB转录因子在生物抗逆性中的作用，如对病原体和害虫的防御，以及在非生物抗逆性中的作用，包括对干旱和盐度的反应。特别关注R2R3 MYB与其他转录因子和共抑制因子的相互作用，重点关注这些协同或拮抗关系如何调节生理过程。R2R3 myb在逆境反应中的多功能作用使其成为通过遗传育种提高作物抗逆性的有希望的靶点。此外，本文还综述了MYB转录因子在抗逆性作物开发中的潜在应用及其在植物抗性育种中的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Global Transcriptome Analysis of Rice Seedlings in Response to Extracellular ATP 水稻幼苗对细胞外ATP响应的转录组分析

IF 5.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.03.002

Chaemyeong Lim , Sae Hyun Lee , Haeun Lee , So-Yon Park , Kiyoon Kang , Hyeryung Yoon , Tae-Jin Yang , Gary Stacey , Nam-Chon Paek , Sung-Hwan Cho

Herbivorous insects and pathogens cause severe damage to rice tissues, affecting yield and grain quality. Damaged cells trigger downstream defense responses through various signals. Extracellular ATP (eATP), a signaling molecule released during mechanical cell damage, is considered a constitutive damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), which is crucial for initiating plant defense responses. Thus, understanding how rice plants cope with DAMPs such as eATP is essential. Here, we found that exogenous ATP affected rice growth and development, cell wall composition, chloroplast development, and cell death. Subsequent global transcriptome analysis revealed that several pathways were involved in the eATP response, including genes related to cell surface receptors, cell wall organization, chlorophyll biosynthesis, heat and temperature stimulation, epigenetic regulation, and reactive oxygen species metabolism. Cell surface receptors, including members of the lectin receptor-like kinases (LecRKs), were found to participate in the eATP response. We further investigated ATP-induced genes in T-DNA activation mutants of OsLecRKs, demonstrating their involvement in eATP signaling in rice. This study confirms a DAMP-mediated transcriptional response in plants and provides novel candidates for advancing resistant rice breeding against insect herbivores and pathogens.

草食性昆虫和病原体对水稻组织造成严重损害，影响产量和稻米品质。受损细胞通过各种信号触发下游防御反应。细胞外ATP （eATP）是细胞机械损伤过程中释放的一种信号分子，被认为是一种本构性损伤相关分子模式（DAMP），在启动植物防御反应中起着至关重要的作用。因此，了解水稻植物如何应对像eATP这样的damp是至关重要的。在这里，我们发现外源ATP影响水稻的生长发育、细胞壁组成、叶绿体发育和细胞死亡。随后的全球转录组分析显示，eATP反应涉及多种途径，包括与细胞表面受体、细胞壁组织、叶绿素生物合成、热和温度刺激、表观遗传调控和活性氧代谢相关的基因。包括凝集素受体样激酶（LecRKs）成员在内的细胞表面受体被发现参与了eATP反应。我们进一步研究了OsLecRKs T-DNA激活突变体中的atp诱导基因，证实了它们参与水稻eATP信号传导。该研究证实了植物中damp介导的转录反应，为推进水稻抗虫、抗草食动物和抗病原体育种提供了新的候选材料。

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