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Characteristic Analysis of Penta-Resistance Restorer Line for Hybrid Rice 杂交水稻五抗恢复系特性分析

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.02.003

Xinyan Li , Lüshui Weng , Youlun Xiao , Jinjiang Li , Lihua Deng , Qing Liu , Weiwei Kang , Yaping Duan , Daji Yang , Guoying Xiao

Rice often suffers from pests, diseases, and weeds throughout its life cycle. The management of pests, diseases, and weeds with agrochemicals increases production costs and results in pesticide residues. Developing new germplasm and varieties with multiple resistances is the most economical, sustainable, and efficient way to solve these problems. In this study, marker-assisted backcrossing was used to pyramid multiple resistance genes, resulting in the development of a penta-resistance restorer line, B2A1920. This line was evaluated for its agronomic traits and resistance to diseases, pests, and herbicides. It was confirmed that B2A1920 contains the herbicide resistance gene Bar, the lepidopteran pest resistance gene Cry2Aa, the bacterial blight (BB) resistance gene Xa23, the blast resistance gene Pi2, and the brown planthopper (BPH) resistance genes Bph14 and Bph15. These genes confer resistance to glufosinate, lepidopteran pests, BB, blast, and BPH, respectively, while the line also exhibits elite agronomic traits. Its hybrids, Gui A × B2A1920, Quan 9311A × B2A1920, Yexiang A × B2A1920, Xianglong A × B2A1920, Tiantai A × B2A1920, and Shen 9A × B2A1920, likewise showed penta-resistance and superior agronomic performance. These results indicate the successful development of a cytoplasmic male sterile restorer line with high combining ability and penta-resistance.

水稻在其一生中经常遭受病虫害和杂草的侵害。用农用化学品管理病虫害和杂草增加了生产成本，并导致农药残留。开发具有多种抗性的新种质和新品种是解决这些问题的最经济、可持续和有效的途径。本研究采用标记辅助回交的方法，对多个抗性基因进行金字塔化处理，获得了五抗恢复系B2A1920。对该品系的农艺性状和抗病、抗虫、抗除草剂性能进行了评价。经鉴定，B2A1920含有抗除草剂基因Bar、抗鳞翅目害虫基因Cry2Aa、抗白叶枯病基因Xa23、抗稻瘟病基因Pi2和抗褐飞虱基因Bph14和Bph15。这些基因分别赋予对草铵膦、鳞翅目害虫、BB、blast和BPH的抗性，同时该品系还表现出优良的农艺性状。杂交品种桂A × B2A1920、全9311A × B2A1920、叶香A × B2A1920、祥龙A × B2A1920、天台A × B2A1920、沈9A × B2A1920也表现出五抗和优异的农艺性能。这些结果表明成功地培育出了一种高配合力和五抗的细胞质雄性不育恢复系。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of Hydroponically Supplied Selenium Forms on Cadmium and Nickel Accumulation in Rice 水培硒对水稻镉、镍积累的影响

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.03.005

Mirko Salinitro , Martino Rabbia , Antony van der Ent , Marco Prati , Dennis Brueckner , Andrea Ertani , Maria Martin , Michela Schiavon

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) farmers face challenges with metal accumulation in grain, with nickel (Ni) recently emerging as a concern due to its potential to exceed legal limits, alongside cadmium (Cd). Information on Ni behaviour and its interaction with Cd remains limited. Selenium (Se) is commonly used for rice biofortification and can reduce the accumulation of toxic metals in plants. Therefore, this study investigates how Ni and Cd influence mutual accumulation in rice and examines the impact of different Se forms on their interactions. Plants were grown hydroponically with various combinations of Cd (5 or 20 μmol/L), Ni (20 μmol/L), and Se (5 μmol/L) as selenate (Se⁶⁺) or selenite (Se⁴⁺) for 7 d. Plant growth, lipid peroxidation, and element accumulation were measured, and the distribution of Se and Ni in tissues was assayed using synchrotron-based μXRF 2D imaging. Cd and Ni were toxic to rice, reducing leaf and root biomass by 40%‒50% and inducing oxidative stress. However, their combined presence did not further exacerbate leaf growth reduction. Cd reduced root Ni accumulation by approximately 50% at equimolar concentrations, likely due to competitive inhibition at shared transport sites. Se promoted root growth in the presence of Ni and low Cd, suggesting an antioxidant role in mitigating metal-induced stress. However, high doses of Ni and Cd together significantly reduced Se accumulation (by 60% and 77% for Se⁴⁺ in roots and Se⁶⁺ in leaves, respectively) and caused severe oxidative stress in the presence of Se⁴⁺. The effectiveness of Se biofortification varied depending on the Se form: Se⁶⁺ was more effective at reducing Ni accumulation, while Se⁴⁺ effectively reduced Cd accumulation (by 45%‒75%) at low concentrations and Ni accumulation in the absence of Cd (by 50%). In conclusion, this study demonstrates that Se can mitigate Cd and Ni accumulation in rice. However, the co-presence of Cd and Ni may compromise Se enrichment in rice, highlighting the complexity of their interactions.

水稻（Oryza sativa L.）农民面临着谷物中金属积累的挑战，镍（Ni）和镉（Cd）最近因其可能超过法定限制而成为人们关注的问题。关于Ni行为及其与Cd相互作用的信息仍然有限。硒（Se）通常用于水稻生物强化，可以减少植物中有毒金属的积累。因此，本研究探讨了Ni和Cd如何影响水稻的相互积累，并考察了不同形式的Se对它们相互作用的影响。以不同浓度的Cd（5或20 μmol/L）、Ni （20 μmol/L）和Se （5 μmol/L）分别作为硒酸盐（Se6+）和亚硒酸盐（Se4+）进行水培培养7 d，测定植株生长、脂质过氧化和元素积累情况，并利用同步加速器的μXRF二维成像技术检测Se和Ni在组织中的分布。镉和镍对水稻有毒害作用，可使叶片和根系生物量减少40% ~ 50%，并引起氧化胁迫。然而，它们的联合存在并没有进一步加剧叶片生长的减少。Cd在等摩尔浓度下使根Ni积累减少了约50%，可能是由于共享运输位点的竞争性抑制。硒在Ni和低Cd环境下促进根系生长，表明硒在减轻金属诱导的胁迫中具有抗氧化作用。然而，高剂量的Ni和Cd一起显著降低了Se的积累（Se4+在根中的累积量分别为60%和77%，Se6+在叶中的累积量分别为77%），并在Se4+存在下引起严重的氧化应激。生物强化硒的效果因硒的形式而异：Se6+在降低Ni积累方面更有效，而Se4+在低浓度下有效降低Cd积累（45%-75%），在无Cd情况下有效降低Ni积累（50%）。综上所述，硒能减缓水稻镉和镍的积累。然而，镉和镍的共同存在可能会损害硒在水稻中的富集，突出了它们相互作用的复杂性。

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引用次数: 0

Could Plant Height Compensate for Temporal and Spatial Limitations of Canopy Spectra for Inversion of Plant Nitrogen Accumulation in Rice? 植物高度能否补偿冠层光谱反演水稻植株氮素积累的时空限制？

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.05.003

Xiaoke Wang , Guiling Xu , Yuehua Feng , Zhengli Song , Yanjun Guo , Muhammad Usama Latif , Linya Lu , Somsana Phonenasay , Xiangjun Xu , BingPing Cui

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Sulfate Transporter Gene Family 3 in Rice 水稻硫酸盐转运蛋白基因家族3的分析

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.02.002

Ruili Li , Zhuang Xu , Wanxia Wang , Huang Wang , Hongyu Zhao , Lei Xu , Keke Yi

引用次数: 0

Search for Dispersed Repeats in Oryza sativa Genome Using Iterative Procedure Method 用迭代法搜索水稻基因组中的分散重复序列

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.04.008

Valentina Rudenko, Eugene Korotkov

引用次数: 0

OsNAC022 Controls Tiller Number Through Mediating CCA1 Expression in Rice OsNAC022通过介导水稻CCA1表达调控分蘖数

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.04.005

Rongrong Zhai , Zhen Li , Yuanyuan Xiang , Qun Xu , Mengchen Zhang , Yaolong Yang , Xinghua Wei , Shu Wang , Shenghai Ye , Yue Feng

引用次数: 0

SAO Regulates Aerial Organ Development in Rice SAO调控水稻空气器官发育

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.03.008

Ruhui Wu , Yi Zhang , Kun Jin , Bingyu Ning , Jichao Zhang , Jianyan Mu , Yuxin Wang , Yunyan Mo , Zhongyi Zheng , Jing You , Wenwen Xiao , Guanghua He , Xianchun Sang , Ting Zhang

引用次数: 0

A Mucin2-Like Gene, NlMuc2, is Required for Early Embryonic Development in Nilaparvata lugens 一个mucin2样基因NlMuc2在褐家兔早期胚胎发育中是必需的

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.04.004

Weixia Wang , Tingheng Zhu , Qi Wei , Pinjun Wan , Jiachun He , Fengxiang Lai , Qiang Fu

In Nilaparvata lugens, a serious and widespread rice pest, high fecundity is one of the important reasons for large populations and outbreaks. As embryogenesis is a critical process associated with insect fecundity, this study investigated the function of the Mucin2-like gene (NlMuc2) in the embryogenesis of N. lugens. The results showed that NlMuc2 was highly expressed in female reproductive organs and in 1-day-old eggs. Knockdown of NlMuc2 via RNA interference (RNAi) in 3rd instar nymphs resulted in increased mortality. In 5th instar nymphs, NlMuc2 knockdown led to a dramatic reduction in egg hatchability from 86.0% to 24.0%, offspring numbers from 330.4 to 81.5, egg count from 382.4 to 217.0, and resulted in 86.0% of eggs exhibiting inverted embryos. In newly emerged females, NlMuc2 knockdown retarded ovarian development and decreased the number of mature eggs, with 51.0% of eggs containing inverted embryos. Transcriptome sequencing analysis of eggs revealed that numerous genes were downregulated after NlMuc2 knockdown, with 16 and 15 downregulated genes enriched in the Wnt and MAPK pathways, respectively. Temporal and spatial expression profiling of selected differentially expressed genes, including Axin, δ-Catenin, Glypican-4-like, and Ror-like in the Wnt pathway, and MKK4 in the MAPK pathway, showed expression patterns similar to NlMuc2. Knockdown of Ror-like, Glypican-4-like, or MKK4 reduced the total number of eggs. Knockdown of Axin or MKK4 reduced the egg hatchability. A similar phenotype of eggs with inverted embryos was also observed in eggs laid by dsMKK4-and dsAxin-treated females. Thus, NlMuc2 is involved in embryonic development mainly by regulating the Wnt and MAPK signaling pathways. These findings may provide new targets for pesticide design and RNAi-based control of N. lugens, and will also provide new insights into insect embryonic development and the function of insect mucins.

褐飞虱是一种严重而广泛存在的水稻害虫，高繁殖力是其大量繁殖和暴发的重要原因之一。由于胚胎发生是昆虫繁殖力的关键过程，本研究探讨了Mucin2-like基因（NlMuc2）在lugens N. lugens胚胎发生中的作用。结果表明，NlMuc2在雌性生殖器官和1日龄卵子中高度表达。在3龄若虫中通过RNA干扰（RNAi）敲低NlMuc2导致死亡率增加。在5龄若虫中，NlMuc2基因敲低导致卵的孵化率从86.0%下降到24.0%，子代数从330.4下降到81.5，卵数从382.4下降到217.0,86.0%的卵出现倒胚。在新出现的雌性中，NlMuc2敲低会延缓卵巢发育，减少成熟卵子的数量，51.0%的卵子含有倒置胚胎。鸡蛋转录组测序分析显示，NlMuc2敲低后，许多基因下调，其中16个和15个下调基因分别富集于Wnt和MAPK通路。Wnt通路中的Axin、δ-Catenin、Glypican-4-like和Ror-like以及MAPK通路中的MKK4等差异表达基因的时空表达谱显示出与NlMuc2相似的表达模式。敲除Ror-like、Glypican-4-like或MKK4减少了卵子总数。Axin或MKK4基因的敲低降低了卵子的孵化率。在dsmkk4和dsaxin处理的雌性产下的卵中也观察到类似的胚胎倒置表型。因此，NlMuc2主要通过调控Wnt和MAPK信号通路参与胚胎发育。这些发现可能为农药设计和基于rnai的真菌控制提供新的靶点，也将为昆虫胚胎发育和昆虫粘蛋白的功能提供新的认识。

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引用次数: 0

Increasing Yields and Partial Factor Productivity of Rice Grown in Tropical Alfisols Using a Decision Support Tool 利用决策支持工具提高热带阿尔菲索地区水稻产量和部分要素生产率

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.05.002

Tharindu Nuwan Kulasinghe , Udaya W.A. Vitharana , Darshani Kumaragamage , Randombage Saman Dharmakeerthi , Kaushik Majumdar , Dinaratne Nihal Sirisena , Upul Kumari Rathnayake

引用次数: 0

Metabolic Engineering in Rice for Functional Metabolite Production 水稻代谢工程在功能性代谢物生产中的应用

IF 6.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.03.003

Yong Jin Choi, Sun-Hwa Ha

To improve the nutritional and functional value of rice, numerous biotechnological approaches have focused on metabolic engineering to address nutritional deficiencies and produce health-beneficial compounds that are either absent or naturally present in low amounts. A prominent example is ‘Golden Rice’, which has been genetically modified to accumulate β-carotene to combat vitamin A deficiency in regions with limited dietary intake. Scientists have been continuously biofortifying rice with various specialized metabolites, including terpenoids, flavonoids, non-flavonoid polyphenols, betalains, vitamins, and amino acids. This review explores the specific pathways and genetic modifications utilized by researchers to enhance the accumulation of targeted metabolites in rice. It comprehensively summarizes key strategies and research trends in rice metabolic engineering, demonstrating how rice can be transformed into a strategic crop for producing industrially valuable compounds beyond its traditional role as a staple food by leveraging its advantages as a versatile host system through its grains, leaves, and cells. Furthermore, we highlight the potential of intergrating metabolic engineering with synthetic biology and big data-driven computational modeling, particularly through artificial intelligence and machine learning, as promising future research directions.

为了提高水稻的营养和功能价值，许多生物技术方法都集中在代谢工程上，以解决营养缺乏问题，并生产缺乏或自然少量存在的对健康有益的化合物。一个突出的例子是“黄金大米”，它经过基因改造，可以积累β-胡萝卜素，从而在饮食摄入有限的地区对抗维生素A缺乏症。科学家们一直在用各种专门的代谢物对大米进行生物强化，包括萜类、类黄酮、非类黄酮多酚、甜菜素、维生素和氨基酸。这篇综述探讨了研究人员利用特定的途径和遗传修饰来增强水稻中目标代谢物的积累。它全面总结了水稻代谢工程的关键策略和研究趋势，展示了水稻如何通过其谷物、叶片和细胞利用其作为多功能宿主系统的优势，超越其作为主食的传统角色，转变为生产具有工业价值的化合物的战略作物。此外，我们强调将代谢工程与合成生物学和大数据驱动的计算建模相结合的潜力，特别是通过人工智能和机器学习，作为未来有希望的研究方向。

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