Pub Date : 2022-12-16DOI: 10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.16654
M. Ichwan
This article examines the salvation concept in the Lumen Gentium document. The concept of salvation in the Christian tradition is based not only on the cross but also on the Lumen Gentium document, which guarantees safety for adherents of religions other than Christianity. This article aims to explain the doctrine of Christian Salvation through the Lumen Gentium document, analyze the debates and variations of views that exist in Christian theology regarding the fate of adherents of other religions, and look at the responses of Christian churches and theologians to these challenges and dilemmas about the fate of others. The approach used in writing this article is an analysis of the literature, which involves the study of theology, the study of ecclesiastical documents, and the study of the views of Christian theologians on soteriology. This article reveals that soteriology emphasizes the importance of explicit faith in Christ as the only way of Salvation stated in Christian teachings. However, there are debates and various views in Christian theology regarding the fate of those who embrace other religions. Some theologians try to embrace religious diversity by arguing that Salvation can be found in other religions through the grace of God working through Christ without explicit knowledge of Him. Meanwhile, some maintain the exclusive view that faith in Christ is the only way to Salvation. Soteriology shows that faith in Christ as the work of Salvation accomplished through His death on the Cross is the core of the Christian understanding of Salvation. But in the context of the fate of others, there are various views in Christian theology. Based on this fact, the inclusivism built by the Lumen Gentium document seems half-hearted. Therefore a healthy theological dialogue and more profound understanding are needed to respond to this complex challenge and to promote an inclusive experience and widespread love for all human beings.
{"title":"Half-hearted Inclusivism: The Theological Doctrine of Salvation in the Document of Lumen Gentium and the Fate of Others","authors":"M. Ichwan","doi":"10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.16654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.16654","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the salvation concept in the Lumen Gentium document. The concept of salvation in the Christian tradition is based not only on the cross but also on the Lumen Gentium document, which guarantees safety for adherents of religions other than Christianity. This article aims to explain the doctrine of Christian Salvation through the Lumen Gentium document, analyze the debates and variations of views that exist in Christian theology regarding the fate of adherents of other religions, and look at the responses of Christian churches and theologians to these challenges and dilemmas about the fate of others. The approach used in writing this article is an analysis of the literature, which involves the study of theology, the study of ecclesiastical documents, and the study of the views of Christian theologians on soteriology. This article reveals that soteriology emphasizes the importance of explicit faith in Christ as the only way of Salvation stated in Christian teachings. However, there are debates and various views in Christian theology regarding the fate of those who embrace other religions. Some theologians try to embrace religious diversity by arguing that Salvation can be found in other religions through the grace of God working through Christ without explicit knowledge of Him. Meanwhile, some maintain the exclusive view that faith in Christ is the only way to Salvation. Soteriology shows that faith in Christ as the work of Salvation accomplished through His death on the Cross is the core of the Christian understanding of Salvation. But in the context of the fate of others, there are various views in Christian theology. Based on this fact, the inclusivism built by the Lumen Gentium document seems half-hearted. Therefore a healthy theological dialogue and more profound understanding are needed to respond to this complex challenge and to promote an inclusive experience and widespread love for all human beings.","PeriodicalId":56255,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Theologia","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81353059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-16DOI: 10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.14418
Hasan Asy'ari Ulama'i, M. Muhtarom, Mundhir Mundhir
This paper examines the epistemology of hadith, namely the orientation and background of the arrangement of the "chapters" in the Kutub Sittah. More specifically, this paper is directed at answering questions: 1) what is the background and orientation of the Kutub Sittah chapters arranged, and 2) how is the order of the books/chapters arranged? Through the descriptive analysis method, this study concludes; 1) the chapters in the Kutub Sittah were compiled by the compilers to serve as a guide for Muslims in following the sunnah of the Prophet, and to make it easier for them to obtain answers to their problems based on the sunnah of the Prophet; 2) The Kutub Sittah compiles its hadiths based on fiqh chapters so that the naming of Sunan in the works of Abu Dawud, at-Tirmidhi, an-Nasa'i, and Ibn Majah is very fitting. The work of al-Bukhari and Muslim is called Jami' because there is the addition of a special discussion, namely the chapters of faith, knowledge, fadhilah, tafsir, and manaqib.
{"title":"Epistemology of Hadith: Orientation for Chapters Compilation in the Kutub Sittah","authors":"Hasan Asy'ari Ulama'i, M. Muhtarom, Mundhir Mundhir","doi":"10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.14418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.14418","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the epistemology of hadith, namely the orientation and background of the arrangement of the \"chapters\" in the Kutub Sittah. More specifically, this paper is directed at answering questions: 1) what is the background and orientation of the Kutub Sittah chapters arranged, and 2) how is the order of the books/chapters arranged? Through the descriptive analysis method, this study concludes; 1) the chapters in the Kutub Sittah were compiled by the compilers to serve as a guide for Muslims in following the sunnah of the Prophet, and to make it easier for them to obtain answers to their problems based on the sunnah of the Prophet; 2) The Kutub Sittah compiles its hadiths based on fiqh chapters so that the naming of Sunan in the works of Abu Dawud, at-Tirmidhi, an-Nasa'i, and Ibn Majah is very fitting. The work of al-Bukhari and Muslim is called Jami' because there is the addition of a special discussion, namely the chapters of faith, knowledge, fadhilah, tafsir, and manaqib.","PeriodicalId":56255,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Theologia","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73569980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-16DOI: 10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.13455
Syafieh Syafieh, Muhaini Muhaini, Suhaili Syufyan
Recently, the traditionalist ulama dayah has been questioned in Aceh. With the arrival of religious groups with a Wahhabi-Salafi pattern, Acehnese dayah ulama have lost their authority as agents or religious figures in Acehnese society. This study focuses on the authority of the dayah ulama and its role in contemporary Acehnese spiritual practice. This study aims to see the authority of the dayah ulama amid the development of Wahhabi-Salafi understanding in contemporary Aceh. By conducting interviews with the dayah ulama group, Wahhabi-Salafi groups, and related government institutions in the province of Aceh and using qualitative data analysis, the researcher found that the role of the dayah ulama was still strong in influencing the religious practice of contemporary Acehnese society as evidenced by the community's rejection of Salafist religious understanding. Fundamentalism developed in Aceh because it was not by understanding the dayah ulama, namely the doctrine of Ahlusunnah Waljamaah. In addition, there is support from the Aceh government for the religion of the dayah ulama, with evidence by the issuance of a circular regarding the obligation to worship according to the teachings and understanding of syafi'iyah in the province of Aceh.
{"title":"Authority and Ulama In Aceh: The Role of Dayah Ulama In Contemporary Aceh Religious Practices","authors":"Syafieh Syafieh, Muhaini Muhaini, Suhaili Syufyan","doi":"10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.13455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.13455","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the traditionalist ulama dayah has been questioned in Aceh. With the arrival of religious groups with a Wahhabi-Salafi pattern, Acehnese dayah ulama have lost their authority as agents or religious figures in Acehnese society. This study focuses on the authority of the dayah ulama and its role in contemporary Acehnese spiritual practice. This study aims to see the authority of the dayah ulama amid the development of Wahhabi-Salafi understanding in contemporary Aceh. By conducting interviews with the dayah ulama group, Wahhabi-Salafi groups, and related government institutions in the province of Aceh and using qualitative data analysis, the researcher found that the role of the dayah ulama was still strong in influencing the religious practice of contemporary Acehnese society as evidenced by the community's rejection of Salafist religious understanding. Fundamentalism developed in Aceh because it was not by understanding the dayah ulama, namely the doctrine of Ahlusunnah Waljamaah. In addition, there is support from the Aceh government for the religion of the dayah ulama, with evidence by the issuance of a circular regarding the obligation to worship according to the teachings and understanding of syafi'iyah in the province of Aceh.","PeriodicalId":56255,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Theologia","volume":"28 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78421867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-16DOI: 10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.13449
M. Siregar
This article discusses another dimension in the discussion about Pancasila, which aims to create a conducive climate in establishing a social order in society. Many Muslim scholars see Pancasila as the best interpretation, which aligns with the values of the holy book in Islam. Pancasila has a significant role in maintaining the integrity of the Indonesian state and opposing disintegration. In a fragile situation, the pressure to maintain unity is increasing, and Pancasila is the only option to connect all faiths in a society as diverse as Indonesia. This article shows that, as Indonesia's basic interpretation according to Islamic normative texts, Pancasila is the most reliable concept in formulating equality of belief and justice before the law for all people. The research findings show Pancasila's significant contribution to maintaining Indonesia's integrity by ensuring that all elements can contribute to achieving the best results, not only in the field of religion but also in building national pride. Thus Pancasila plays an essential role in maintaining the unity and integrity of the Indonesian state. Pancasila creates a conducive social climate and conforms to Islamic values.
{"title":"Pancasila as Extraction of Sacred Conscript and Social’s Exegesis in Indonesia’s Diversity","authors":"M. Siregar","doi":"10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.13449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.13449","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses another dimension in the discussion about Pancasila, which aims to create a conducive climate in establishing a social order in society. Many Muslim scholars see Pancasila as the best interpretation, which aligns with the values of the holy book in Islam. Pancasila has a significant role in maintaining the integrity of the Indonesian state and opposing disintegration. In a fragile situation, the pressure to maintain unity is increasing, and Pancasila is the only option to connect all faiths in a society as diverse as Indonesia. This article shows that, as Indonesia's basic interpretation according to Islamic normative texts, Pancasila is the most reliable concept in formulating equality of belief and justice before the law for all people. The research findings show Pancasila's significant contribution to maintaining Indonesia's integrity by ensuring that all elements can contribute to achieving the best results, not only in the field of religion but also in building national pride. Thus Pancasila plays an essential role in maintaining the unity and integrity of the Indonesian state. Pancasila creates a conducive social climate and conforms to Islamic values.","PeriodicalId":56255,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Theologia","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85134322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-16DOI: 10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.12788
Shinta Nurani, Luthfi Maulana
This study discusses the marble manuscripts of the Al-Qur’an and the meaning of its aesthetic reception manuscripts. The type of research is field research with the research locus at Masjid Al-Muhtaram, Kajen, Pekalongan Regency as a place to store the marble stone manuscripts. This study used Wolfgang Iser’s reception theory. Therefore, the results of this study are (1) the marble stone Manuscript of the Qur’an made by Nur Hidayat Siba that started in 2011 until 2021. It has reached 13 juz of Qur’an derived from marble measuring 60 x 90 cm with a marble thickness of 2 cm. It is also written with beautiful khat and gold colour wrapping on every khat. (2) Those manuscript provides three meanings of aesthetic reception. First, the objective meaning of the Qur’an as a holy book must be preserved through beautiful media as a form of appreciation for the greatness of the Qur’an. Second, the expressive meaning is used as a medium of Islamic da’wah, and spirituality increases faith and religious aspects for those who see and read it. Third, the meaning of documentary as a form of habitus to always interact with the Qur’an in everyday life.
本文对古兰经大理石手抄本及其审美接受手抄本的意义进行了探讨。研究的类型是实地研究，研究地点是Masjid Al-Muhtaram, Kajen, Pekalongan Regency，作为储存大理石石头手稿的地方。本研究采用伊瑟尔的接受理论。因此，本研究的结果是(1)努尔·希达亚特·西巴制作的大理石《古兰经》手抄本，始于2011年至2021年。它有13盎司的古兰经，由大理石制成，尺寸为60 x 90厘米，大理石厚度为2厘米。它也写着美丽的阿拉伯茶和金色包裹在每一个阿拉伯茶。(2)这些手稿提供了三种审美接受意义。首先，《古兰经》作为一本圣书的客观意义必须通过美丽的媒介来保存，作为对《古兰经》伟大的一种欣赏。其次，表达意义被用作伊斯兰教“达瓦”的媒介，对于那些看到和阅读它的人来说，灵性增加了信仰和宗教方面。第三，纪录片作为一种习惯形式，在日常生活中始终与《古兰经》互动的意义。
{"title":"Contemporary Qur’anic Lithography in Indonesia: Aesthetic of Reception of the Marble Al-Qur’an Manuscript","authors":"Shinta Nurani, Luthfi Maulana","doi":"10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.12788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.12788","url":null,"abstract":"This study discusses the marble manuscripts of the Al-Qur’an and the meaning of its aesthetic reception manuscripts. The type of research is field research with the research locus at Masjid Al-Muhtaram, Kajen, Pekalongan Regency as a place to store the marble stone manuscripts. This study used Wolfgang Iser’s reception theory. Therefore, the results of this study are (1) the marble stone Manuscript of the Qur’an made by Nur Hidayat Siba that started in 2011 until 2021. It has reached 13 juz of Qur’an derived from marble measuring 60 x 90 cm with a marble thickness of 2 cm. It is also written with beautiful khat and gold colour wrapping on every khat. (2) Those manuscript provides three meanings of aesthetic reception. First, the objective meaning of the Qur’an as a holy book must be preserved through beautiful media as a form of appreciation for the greatness of the Qur’an. Second, the expressive meaning is used as a medium of Islamic da’wah, and spirituality increases faith and religious aspects for those who see and read it. Third, the meaning of documentary as a form of habitus to always interact with the Qur’an in everyday life.","PeriodicalId":56255,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Theologia","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79655700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-16DOI: 10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.15129
Evi Mariani
Education is essentially a vehicle for honing students' critical and political attitudes in order to create a truly democratic society. Schools as formal educational institutions have so far been interpreted as successors to the status quo, but in fact the role of schools can be more meaningful, namely as a democratic public space, in which teachers play an important role as transformative intellectuals. In the context of transformation, teachers act as designers of classroom conditions and mentors for students to engage in critical dialogue that makes students aware of their current and future roles in a democratic society. Teachers can act as intellectuals when the school system provides opportunities for teachers to be different, create and innovate based on multicultural religions.
{"title":"Henry Armand Giroux's Thought: An Essential Component of Critical Pedagogy in Religions","authors":"Evi Mariani","doi":"10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.15129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.15129","url":null,"abstract":"Education is essentially a vehicle for honing students' critical and political attitudes in order to create a truly democratic society. Schools as formal educational institutions have so far been interpreted as successors to the status quo, but in fact the role of schools can be more meaningful, namely as a democratic public space, in which teachers play an important role as transformative intellectuals. In the context of transformation, teachers act as designers of classroom conditions and mentors for students to engage in critical dialogue that makes students aware of their current and future roles in a democratic society. Teachers can act as intellectuals when the school system provides opportunities for teachers to be different, create and innovate based on multicultural religions.","PeriodicalId":56255,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Theologia","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75172313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-16DOI: 10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.13367
Abdul Fatah, Shofaussamawati Shofaussamawati, Aziizah Khusniyah
This paper examines how the digital civility (morality) of contemporary Indonesian Muslim interaction on social media. The gap in Muslim behaviour on social media with the teachings of the Qur'an is caused by negative prejudice or sadistic behaviour; therefore, the values of Qur'anic digital civility are degraded. The research method used is a literature review examining Muslim interaction on social media such as Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. Contextual hermeneutics is used to analyze the interaction patterns of Muslims on social media. This research shows that Muslim interaction patterns on social media fall into the disassociation category, leading to incivility. One of incivility is flaming (verbal attacks in the form of blasphemy and insults); this is proven by hateful posts on social media. This behaviour pattern in social media is far from Qur'anic values which call for good speech, honesty and avoiding hoaxes; the words used must be courteous, put forward the principles of appropriateness and decency, and smooth and soft. These values of Qur'anic teaching are called digital Qur'anic civility
{"title":"Qur'anic Digital Civility: Contemporary Indonesian Muslim Interaction on Social Media","authors":"Abdul Fatah, Shofaussamawati Shofaussamawati, Aziizah Khusniyah","doi":"10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.13367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21580/teo.2022.33.2.13367","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines how the digital civility (morality) of contemporary Indonesian Muslim interaction on social media. The gap in Muslim behaviour on social media with the teachings of the Qur'an is caused by negative prejudice or sadistic behaviour; therefore, the values of Qur'anic digital civility are degraded. The research method used is a literature review examining Muslim interaction on social media such as Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. Contextual hermeneutics is used to analyze the interaction patterns of Muslims on social media. This research shows that Muslim interaction patterns on social media fall into the disassociation category, leading to incivility. One of incivility is flaming (verbal attacks in the form of blasphemy and insults); this is proven by hateful posts on social media. This behaviour pattern in social media is far from Qur'anic values which call for good speech, honesty and avoiding hoaxes; the words used must be courteous, put forward the principles of appropriateness and decency, and smooth and soft. These values of Qur'anic teaching are called digital Qur'anic civility","PeriodicalId":56255,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Theologia","volume":"158 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86029069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.21580/teo.2022.33.1.11909
A. Nasution
Abstract: This article explores Bediuzzaman Said Nursi sight on Ibn ‘Arabī's Unity of Existence (Wahdatul Wujūd) concept. In several books, Said Nursi has written about the idea of Unity of Existence. All of this suggests that Nursi expressed his thoughts on the subject when responding to questions from his students about Ibn ‘Arabī and his idea of Wahdatul Wujūd. Nursi determined that Wahdatul Wujūd is of an acceptable degree and great value for the guardians (auliya'), and that the subjects of Wahdatul Wujūd cannot be taught to common people. A study uses epistemological analysis to recognize the basic concept of Wahdatul Wujūd according to Ibn ‘Arabī. As a result, Wahdatul Wujūd doctrine is divided into Sufism ideology, materialism, and naturalism.
{"title":"Bediuzzaman Said Nursi View on Ibn Arabi’s Concept of Wahdatul Wujud (Unity of Existence)","authors":"A. Nasution","doi":"10.21580/teo.2022.33.1.11909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21580/teo.2022.33.1.11909","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This article explores Bediuzzaman Said Nursi sight on Ibn ‘Arabī's Unity of Existence (Wahdatul Wujūd) concept. In several books, Said Nursi has written about the idea of Unity of Existence. All of this suggests that Nursi expressed his thoughts on the subject when responding to questions from his students about Ibn ‘Arabī and his idea of Wahdatul Wujūd. Nursi determined that Wahdatul Wujūd is of an acceptable degree and great value for the guardians (auliya'), and that the subjects of Wahdatul Wujūd cannot be taught to common people. A study uses epistemological analysis to recognize the basic concept of Wahdatul Wujūd according to Ibn ‘Arabī. As a result, Wahdatul Wujūd doctrine is divided into Sufism ideology, materialism, and naturalism.","PeriodicalId":56255,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Theologia","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85686022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.21580/teo.2022.33.1.11735
H. Atrak
The belief in the prophethood and sending prophets by God to guide mankind is one of the common beliefs of divine religions. According to Islamic theologians, divine knowledge and wisdom necessitate the sending of prophets to guide mankind. This study aims to determine the logical challenges associated with this idea, and whether such a thing is expected from God taking into account His attributes. The drawbacks and challenges of prophecy in the guidance of mankind include the logical problem of miracles' indication of prophecy, the inconsistency of miracles with the claims of prophecy, the temporal and linguistic mismatch between prophets and humans, human fallibility, the prophet's interregnum in the world, the problem of exegesis of the scriptures, and the problem of multiplicity of religions and sects. On the contrary, it appears that All-wise God could have used better, simpler, and more effective ways to guide mankind, such as spiritual and instinctive guidance, direct guidance, the sending of a single eternal prophet, and angelic guidance. As a result of the numerous logical and practical flaws in the use of prophecy to guide mankind, the author believes that it seems unlikely and unacceptable that All-wise and All-knowing God has sent prophets for human guidance, and that another justification must be sought for prophecy.
{"title":"The Drawbacks of Prophecy in Guiding Mankind, A Critique of Islamic Doctrine of Prophethood","authors":"H. Atrak","doi":"10.21580/teo.2022.33.1.11735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21580/teo.2022.33.1.11735","url":null,"abstract":"The belief in the prophethood and sending prophets by God to guide mankind is one of the common beliefs of divine religions. According to Islamic theologians, divine knowledge and wisdom necessitate the sending of prophets to guide mankind. This study aims to determine the logical challenges associated with this idea, and whether such a thing is expected from God taking into account His attributes. The drawbacks and challenges of prophecy in the guidance of mankind include the logical problem of miracles' indication of prophecy, the inconsistency of miracles with the claims of prophecy, the temporal and linguistic mismatch between prophets and humans, human fallibility, the prophet's interregnum in the world, the problem of exegesis of the scriptures, and the problem of multiplicity of religions and sects. On the contrary, it appears that All-wise God could have used better, simpler, and more effective ways to guide mankind, such as spiritual and instinctive guidance, direct guidance, the sending of a single eternal prophet, and angelic guidance. As a result of the numerous logical and practical flaws in the use of prophecy to guide mankind, the author believes that it seems unlikely and unacceptable that All-wise and All-knowing God has sent prophets for human guidance, and that another justification must be sought for prophecy.","PeriodicalId":56255,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Theologia","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72845078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.21580/teo.2022.33.1.11521
Roslizawati Mohd Ramly
The outbreak of the pandemic COVID-19 in Malaysia started in March 2020. has not only affected Muslims well-being in terms of socio-economic, emotional, and mental health, but it has also challenged their theological understandings, specifically relating to the issue of Qada' and Qadar and Human Freedom of Will. Consequently, some Muslims refused to observe the government order to contain the spread of COVID-19 and accused the observant of the order of committing polytheism. To clarify the issue, this study aims to identify the theological perspectives of the Muslim theologians on COVID-19 and the methods to prevent it. This study employed a qualitative descriptive method. Data was collected through Youtube videos that contain views and responses of the well-known Muslim theologians from the school of Ahl Sunnah wal Jamaah on the theological issues related to the pandemic. The study found that the view of the Muslim theologians on COVID-19 shows that they uphold the Asha'rites understanding and teachings of the concept of Qada' and Qadar and human freedom of will. Therefore, they regarded the observant of the SOP or Islamic guidelines in preventing the spread of pandemic Covid 19 as a form of ikhtiyar and not as a form of polytheism.
{"title":"Theological Issues of Pandemic Covid 19 in Malaysia: The Views of The Muslims Theologians","authors":"Roslizawati Mohd Ramly","doi":"10.21580/teo.2022.33.1.11521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21580/teo.2022.33.1.11521","url":null,"abstract":"The outbreak of the pandemic COVID-19 in Malaysia started in March 2020. has not only affected Muslims well-being in terms of socio-economic, emotional, and mental health, but it has also challenged their theological understandings, specifically relating to the issue of Qada' and Qadar and Human Freedom of Will. Consequently, some Muslims refused to observe the government order to contain the spread of COVID-19 and accused the observant of the order of committing polytheism. To clarify the issue, this study aims to identify the theological perspectives of the Muslim theologians on COVID-19 and the methods to prevent it. This study employed a qualitative descriptive method. Data was collected through Youtube videos that contain views and responses of the well-known Muslim theologians from the school of Ahl Sunnah wal Jamaah on the theological issues related to the pandemic. The study found that the view of the Muslim theologians on COVID-19 shows that they uphold the Asha'rites understanding and teachings of the concept of Qada' and Qadar and human freedom of will. Therefore, they regarded the observant of the SOP or Islamic guidelines in preventing the spread of pandemic Covid 19 as a form of ikhtiyar and not as a form of polytheism.","PeriodicalId":56255,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Theologia","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87632921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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