Frontiers of Nursing最新文献

Aims

This article seeks to address some of the factors, particularly cultural barriers, contributing to inequity in healthcare service provisions for indigenous Australians. Furthermore, this article presents ways for healthcare professionals to take action on culture-related health equity issues. Finally, this article addresses what nurses can do to support more operational interventions and enhance the quality of services for indigenous Australians and Torres Strait Islanders.

Background

Recently, scholarly literature in Australia has focused on the issue of ensuring equitable access to healthcare for aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders, who are regarded as economically, socially, politically and culturally disadvantaged (Larkins et al, 2016; Lowell, 2013).1, 2 However, in spite of significant efforts on the part of the Australian government, scholars, policy makers and communities to provide fair and equitable healthcare, this challenging and longstanding issue remains unresolved and needs to be addressed immediately (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2015; Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), 2011).3, 4

Data sources

Using the Population, Intervention and Outcome framework, several databases (PUBMED, MEDLINE, and SCOPUS) and government web-based literature resources were searched to identify original research articles published from 2000 to 2016.

Discussion

Health inequity exists among aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders, and the cultural barriers are vital factors in addressing aboriginals' health inequity. Healthcare professionals could be part of an effective solution for diminishing racial/ethnic disparities in healthcare. Different types of nurses could play different roles in addressing aboriginal cultural barriers among aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders.

Nurses are uniquely positioned to initiate and sustain contact with aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders in healthcare workplaces, as they can intervene at the points of greatest need in the community to address socially significant healthcare and social issues.

Conclusions

The different roles of nurses in providing health and social care interventions to aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders could be utilized to increase equity in access to healthcare and help aboriginals attain better levels of health.

Objective

To analyze clinical psychological nursing research hotspots in China and variation trends in order to provide reference points on the current state of development of clinical psychological nursing and future research hotspots.

Method

Clinical psychological nursing research literature sourced from Wanfang Data for the three periods of 2007–2009, 2010–2012, and 2013–2015 were selected as the research sample. A bibliographic co-occurrence analysis system (BICOMB software) was used to perform keyword word frequency analysis and generate a keyword co-occurrence matrix. In addition, Ucinet software's Netdraw tool was used to create visualized network diagrams.

Results

A total of 27890 articles were retrieved, and word frequency analysis revealed that the highest-frequency keywords consisted of anxiety, depression, the elderly, expectant women, coronary heart disease, diabetes, breast cancer, perioperative period, quality of life, and psychological intervention. Research hotspot analysis revealed that consistent hotspots comprised anxiety, depression, health education, and perioperative period; expectant women became a hotspot during 2010–2012, and quality of life and efficacy became hotspots during 2013–2015.

Conclusions

In addition to the care process, clinical psychological nursing research hotspots in China have increasingly included the effectiveness of psychological nursing and impact on patient quality of life. In addition, research hotspots have been influenced by the incidence of illnesses and people's health consciousness.

This paper introduces concepts related to scientific research achievements, analyzes current evaluation methods with regard to nursing research achievements and their application at home and abroad, and summarizes findings from the investigation of obstacles to the application of nursing research results in China, aiming to provide reference points for the evaluation and application of nursing research results in China.

Objectives

To deepen our understanding of the status quo and to identify the hot topics and developmental trends of research on nursing models in countries other than China in the most recent decade.

Methods

The study subjects were the publications retrieved from the PubMed database using the MeSH terms of “Models, Nursing”. Bibliographic item co-occurrence mining system (BICOMS) software was used for conventional bibliometric analysis of publications during two time periods, 2005–2009 and 2010–2014. The number of published journal articles, journal distribution, authors of publications, country of origin of journals, and language of publications were analyzed to establish a high-frequency keyword profile and co-occurrence matrix. Graphical clustering toolkit (gCLUTO) software was applied for two-way clustering analysis and visualized analysis.

Results

A total of 1472 journal articles with a key theme of nursing models were retrieved for final analysis, including 771 published during 2005–2009 and 701 during 2010–2014. The bibliometric analysis revealed that publications other than China concerning nursing models were mostly concentrated in the United States and the United Kingdom and that the number of relevant publications has been continuously decreasing. The two-way clustering analysis showed that there were mainly four types of research themes in the relevant publications in countries other than China during 2005–2009, i.e., nursing education and theoretical research, clinical nursing and psychological care, nursing administration, and models of nursing education, whereas there were five types during 2010–2014, i.e., nursing theories and clinical nursing practice, nursing administration models and assessments of nurses' knowledge and skills, community nursing administration models, nursing human resource management, and nursing education models and approaches.

Conclusions

Research on nursing models in countries other than China is relatively mature and stable with a broader view, but it has shown a declining trend in recent years. It emphasizes both theory and practice, with research content tending to be structured into four modules, i.e., nursing education, administration, clinical practice, and theoretical research. Community nursing models may become a key research direction in the international research on nursing models in the future.

Objective

To describe the revolution and research status of Advances in Psychological Science.

Methods

A total of 3060 articles published in Advances in Psychological Science from 1983 to 2014 were analyzed with the information visualization method using Citespace software from the aspects of publications, cited frequency and downloads, funding, organizations, authors and keywords.

Results

The results showed that the amount of literature published annually had an upward tendency, and 49.4% of the papers were supported by national or provincial projects. Institutions such as the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and the normal universities were rated in the forefront of the scientific research output. Xiting Huang, Hong Li and Yuejia Luo were at the top of the list of prolific authors.

Conclusions

A new pattern of cooperative development of the theory and application in the field of psychological research is forming.

Background

As the deep influence of traditional medical education, many undergraduate nursing colleges and universities in China still keep the traditional disease-focused curriculum system. However, it became outdated as the Chinese high nursing education developed. Meanwhile, the increasing demand of nursing human resources stimulates the enrollment expansion of colleges. All of these bring more difficulties and opportunities for nurse educators who are endeavoring to reform the undergraduate curriculum.

Methods

The authors retrospectively reviewed the related literature, illustrated the existing challenges and opportunities during the curriculum renewal process in China. This paper also analyzed the tendencies of Chinese baccalaureate curriculum innovation.

Results

Chinese current undergraduate nursing curriculum has larger proportion of basic medical courses, which brings great challenge for nursing educators. In the meantime, the expansion of enrollment brings conflicts with existing nursing education resources in China. Integration, humanization, internationalization and diversification are main tendencies leading the future nursing curriculum innovation in China.

Conclusions

The more effective teaching innovations in the nursing education system are in great demand.

Objective

This study sought to investigate the content of the prescription rights and the prescription types of midwives under certain circumstances in China.

Methods

The Delphi method was used to consult 18 nursing experts and 14 medical experts. A total of 30 experts finished the consulting. The reliability of the expert opinions was analyzed to determine the specific situations in which midwives may write prescriptions, the content of the prescription rights and the prescription types.

Results

In six specific circumstances (uterine contraction fatigue, uterine contractions that are too strong, postpartum hemorrhage, premature rupture of the membranes, normal delivery and neonatal asphyxia), midwives have the right to prescribe and administer medication, including 20 drugs and 13 auxiliary examinations. Of these drugs and examinations, 51.5% of the drugs and adjuvant examination prescriptions tend to be independent prescriptions, 30.3% tend to be protocol prescriptions, and 18.2% are similar to both types.

Conclusions

The midwives should be granted some prescription rights to enhance their autonomy and the professionalism of midwifery.

Objective

The goal of this study was to construct an evaluation index system for the innovativeness of nursing papers.

Methods

A total of 17 nursing experts were consulted for two rounds, and the reliability and weight of the constructed evaluation index system for the innovativeness of nursing papers were determined.

Results

An evaluation system for the innovativeness of nursing papers was constructed, including 3 primary indexes, 8 secondary indexes, 14 tertiary indexes, and 8 quaternary indexes. The 3 primary indexes with their weights were new argument (0.547), new evidence (0.345), and new conclusion (0.109).

Conclusions

The representativeness, the enthusiasm for the study, the degree of authority, the degree of coordination, and the convergence of the experts were high; therefore, an evaluation index system for the innovativeness of nursing papers based on the Delphi method can comprehensively and scientifically evaluate the innovativeness of nursing papers.

Objective

To help readers around the world comprehensively understand the development of the journal and evolution of cooperation study, we employed a bibliometrics analysis for the Journal of American College Health.

Methods

One-thousand-one-hundred-forty-three articles published in this journal from 1994 were analyzed using the bibliometrics and visualization software CiteSpace.

Results

The annual number of published articles and cited studies increased. The published studies by RP Keeling and H Wechsler were at the forefront. “College student” and “alcohol” were prevalent keywords. University of Wisconsin and Harvard University were the institutional leaders of contributions.

Conclusions

This journal provides an important platform for sharing research achievements and promoting cooperation in this field. The level of articles published is continually improving. A research cooperative network promoted by famous scholars and institutions is developing. However, cross-regional and international cooperation is relatively limited.

Objective

To compile nursing undergraduates' opinions and suggestions for biochemistry textbook to improve the readability and applicability of a textbook of biochemistry.

Methods

This investigation involved 279 nursing undergraduates through delivery of a self-made questionnaire, which was to be used to analyze and study the students' suggestions and opinions on the content of the biochemistry textbook.

Results

The investigation revealed that the textbook's difficulty was associated negatively with students' interest (P < 0.05), and the textbook's importance was associated positively with students' interest (P < 0.05). Students suggested that the textbook should be closely related to nursing. The contents, difficulty, structure and charts of the textbook should be adjusted properly.

Conclusions

The content of the nursing version of the biochemistry textbook should be driven by the needs of the nursing major and should focus on simplifying the textbook's content, and making it practical. This will make the textbook vivid and readable, enhancing the interest of students to accept and benefit from the textbook.