Defence Technology(防务技术)最新文献_第3页

Damage assessment and fragility curve development for vehicle tires using shock tube experiments 基于激波管试验的汽车轮胎损伤评估及易损性曲线的建立

IF 5.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Defence Technology(防务技术)

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dt.2025.06.021

Sung-Jun Park , In-Gul Kim , Jae-Sang Park

This study presents a fragility curve to assess explosively induced damage to military vehicle tires based on shock tube experiments. To replicate lateral damage scenarios that may occur in real battlefield environments involving missile or bomb detonations, extreme overpressure conditions were generated using a shock tube. The influence of explosive charge mass on tire damage was quantitatively evaluated. Experimental results identified two critical failure thresholds: for loss of pressure, the threshold was 354 kPa peak overpressure and 3052 kPa·ms impulse; for rupture, the values were 485 kPa and 4237 kPa·ms, respectively. The same damage profile was reproduced through finite element analysis (FEA), verifying the reliability of the simulation. A Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF) model and Kingery–Bulmash (K–B) chart were employed to generate pressure–impulse data as a function of stand-off distance. These data were applied to a finite element tire model using the BLAST ENHANCED keyword in LS-DYNA. The applied peak overpressures were identical to the experimental values with a 24%–27% difference in impulse. The simulation also captured recurring bead rim separation phenomenon, leading to internal pressure loss consistent with high-speed camera observations from the experiments. The resulting fragility curve clearly defines the threshold conditions for tire damage and provides a standardized damage assessment model applicable to various explosive charge masses and stand-off distances. The proposed model offers a quantitative basis for evaluating tire vulnerability, providing foundational reference data for defense applications. Specifically, the findings are expected to serve as a reliable source for weapon effects analysis and target vulnerability assessments involving wheeled military vehicles.

提出了一种基于激波管试验的军用车辆轮胎易损性曲线。为了模拟导弹或炸弹爆炸等真实战场环境中可能发生的侧向损伤场景，使用激波管产生了极端超压条件。定量评价了炸药装药质量对轮胎损伤的影响。实验结果确定了两个临界失效阈值：压力损失阈值为峰值超压354 kPa和脉冲3052 kPa·ms；破裂值分别为485 kPa和4237 kPa·ms。通过有限元分析（FEA）再现了相同的损伤轮廓，验证了模拟的可靠性。采用单自由度（SDOF）模型和kingry - bulmash （K-B）图生成压力-冲量数据，并将其作为隔离距离的函数。利用LS-DYNA中的BLAST ENHANCED关键字将这些数据应用于轮胎有限元模型。应用的峰值超压与实验值相同，脉冲相差24%-27%。模拟还捕获了反复出现的气泡边缘分离现象，导致内部压力损失，这与实验中的高速相机观察结果一致。得到的易损性曲线明确了轮胎损伤的阈值条件，提供了适用于不同装药质量和离爆距离的标准化损伤评估模型。该模型为轮胎易损性评价提供了定量依据，为防御应用提供了基础参考数据。具体而言，这些研究结果预计将成为武器效果分析和涉及轮式军用车辆的目标脆弱性评估的可靠来源。

{"title":"Damage assessment and fragility curve development for vehicle tires using shock tube experiments","authors":"Sung-Jun Park , In-Gul Kim , Jae-Sang Park","doi":"10.1016/j.dt.2025.06.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dt.2025.06.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a fragility curve to assess explosively induced damage to military vehicle tires based on shock tube experiments. To replicate lateral damage scenarios that may occur in real battlefield environments involving missile or bomb detonations, extreme overpressure conditions were generated using a shock tube. The influence of explosive charge mass on tire damage was quantitatively evaluated. Experimental results identified two critical failure thresholds: for loss of pressure, the threshold was 354 kPa peak overpressure and 3052 kPa·ms impulse; for rupture, the values were 485 kPa and 4237 kPa·ms, respectively. The same damage profile was reproduced through finite element analysis (FEA), verifying the reliability of the simulation. A Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF) model and Kingery–Bulmash (K–B) chart were employed to generate pressure–impulse data as a function of stand-off distance. These data were applied to a finite element tire model using the BLAST ENHANCED keyword in LS-DYNA. The applied peak overpressures were identical to the experimental values with a 24%–27% difference in impulse. The simulation also captured recurring bead rim separation phenomenon, leading to internal pressure loss consistent with high-speed camera observations from the experiments. The resulting fragility curve clearly defines the threshold conditions for tire damage and provides a standardized damage assessment model applicable to various explosive charge masses and stand-off distances. The proposed model offers a quantitative basis for evaluating tire vulnerability, providing foundational reference data for defense applications. Specifically, the findings are expected to serve as a reliable source for weapon effects analysis and target vulnerability assessments involving wheeled military vehicles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":58209,"journal":{"name":"Defence Technology(防务技术)","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 59-75"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145555280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distributed adaptive coalition task allocation based on reachable region online prediction for munition swarm 基于弹药群可达区域在线预测的分布式自适应联盟任务分配

IF 5.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Defence Technology(防务技术)

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dt.2025.07.005

Yuze Zhou , Teng Long , Jingliang Sun , Junzhi Li , Jianxin Zhong

Task allocation for munition swarms is constrained by reachable region limitations and real-time requirements. This paper proposes a reachable region guided distributed coalition formation game (RRG-DCF) method to address these issues. To enable efficient online task allocation, a reachable region prediction strategy based on fully connected neural networks (FCNNs) is developed. This strategy integrates high-fidelity data generated from the golden section method and low-fidelity data from geometric approximation in an optimal mixing ratio to form multi-fidelity samples, significantly enhancing prediction accuracy and efficiency under limited high-fidelity samples. These predictions are then incorporated into the coalition formation game framework. A tabu search mechanism guided by the reachable region center directs munitions to execute tasks within their respective reachable regions, mitigating redundant operations on ineffective coalition structures. Furthermore, an adaptive guidance coalition formation strategy optimizes allocation plans by leveraging the hit probabilities of munitions, replacing traditional random coalition formation methods. Simulation results demonstrate that RRG-DCF surpasses the contract network protocol and traditional coalition formation game algorithms in optimality and computational efficiency. Hardware experiments further validate the method's practicality in dynamic scenarios.

弹药群的任务分配受到可达区域限制和实时性要求的约束。针对这些问题，本文提出了一种可达区域引导的分布式联盟形成博弈方法（RRG-DCF）。为了实现高效的在线任务分配，提出了一种基于全连接神经网络（fcnn）的可达区域预测策略。该策略将黄金分割法生成的高保真数据与几何近似生成的低保真数据以最优混合比例融合，形成多保真样本，在高保真样本有限的情况下，显著提高预测精度和效率。然后将这些预测纳入联盟形成博弈框架。可达区域中心引导的禁忌搜索机制引导弹药在各自可达区域内执行任务，减少无效联盟结构上的冗余操作。此外，自适应制导编队策略通过利用弹药命中概率优化分配方案，取代传统的随机编队方法。仿真结果表明，RRG-DCF算法在最优性和计算效率方面优于契约网络协议和传统的联盟形成博弈算法。硬件实验进一步验证了该方法在动态场景下的实用性。

{"title":"Distributed adaptive coalition task allocation based on reachable region online prediction for munition swarm","authors":"Yuze Zhou , Teng Long , Jingliang Sun , Junzhi Li , Jianxin Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.dt.2025.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dt.2025.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Task allocation for munition swarms is constrained by reachable region limitations and real-time requirements. This paper proposes a reachable region guided distributed coalition formation game (RRG-DCF) method to address these issues. To enable efficient online task allocation, a reachable region prediction strategy based on fully connected neural networks (FCNNs) is developed. This strategy integrates high-fidelity data generated from the golden section method and low-fidelity data from geometric approximation in an optimal mixing ratio to form multi-fidelity samples, significantly enhancing prediction accuracy and efficiency under limited high-fidelity samples. These predictions are then incorporated into the coalition formation game framework. A tabu search mechanism guided by the reachable region center directs munitions to execute tasks within their respective reachable regions, mitigating redundant operations on ineffective coalition structures. Furthermore, an adaptive guidance coalition formation strategy optimizes allocation plans by leveraging the hit probabilities of munitions, replacing traditional random coalition formation methods. Simulation results demonstrate that RRG-DCF surpasses the contract network protocol and traditional coalition formation game algorithms in optimality and computational efficiency. Hardware experiments further validate the method's practicality in dynamic scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":58209,"journal":{"name":"Defence Technology(防务技术)","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 169-183"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145555287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of penetration characteristics of shaped charge jet impacting behind-armor liquid-filled containers 聚能射流冲击装甲后充液容器侵彻特性研究

IF 5.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Defence Technology(防务技术)

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dt.2025.07.001

Shixin Ma, Yuchi Tang, Lanwei Zhou, Xiangdong Li

The impact of high-velocity penetrators into liquid-filled containers can generate hydrodynamic ram effects, potentially causing catastrophic structural damage to the container. Previous studies have primarily focused on undeformed penetrators, such as fragments or bullets, with limited attention directed toward shaped charge jets. This study investigates the penetration characteristics of shaped charge jets impacting behind-armor liquid-filled containers, with particular emphasis on jet–liquid interactions. A theoretical penetration model incorporating material compressibility and jet stretching was developed based on the virtual origin theory. A high-speed imaging experimental system was designed to capture the jet motion within the container. The impact process was numerically reproduced using ANSYS/LS-DYNA, and the effects of standoff and overmatch on jet penetration were analyzed. The results reveal that jet stretching induced by increased standoff enhances the penetration velocity of the jet. A proportional relationship between the stretching factor (λ) and the overmatch parameter (I) was identified, with λ ranging from approximately 1.22 to 1.38 times I across the studied standoff range (80–220 mm). The findings offer a basis for future studies on the pressure distribution in the liquid and the structural response of containers.

高速穿孔弹对充满液体的容器的冲击会产生水动力冲击效应，可能会对容器造成灾难性的结构破坏。以前的研究主要集中在未变形的穿甲弹上，如破片或子弹，对聚能射流的关注有限。本文研究了聚能射流冲击装甲后充液容器的侵彻特性，重点研究了射流与液体的相互作用。基于虚原点理论，建立了包含材料可压缩性和射流拉伸的理论侵彻模型。设计了一套高速成像实验系统来捕捉容器内的射流运动。利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件对冲击过程进行数值模拟，分析了超前和超前对射流侵润的影响。结果表明，射流的拉伸作用使射流的侵彻速度增大。确定了拉伸因子（λ）和超匹配参数(I)之间的比例关系，在研究的距离范围（80-220 mm）内，λ的范围约为1.22至1.38倍I。研究结果为进一步研究液体压力分布和容器结构响应提供了基础。

{"title":"Investigation of penetration characteristics of shaped charge jet impacting behind-armor liquid-filled containers","authors":"Shixin Ma, Yuchi Tang, Lanwei Zhou, Xiangdong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.dt.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dt.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impact of high-velocity penetrators into liquid-filled containers can generate hydrodynamic ram effects, potentially causing catastrophic structural damage to the container. Previous studies have primarily focused on undeformed penetrators, such as fragments or bullets, with limited attention directed toward shaped charge jets. This study investigates the penetration characteristics of shaped charge jets impacting behind-armor liquid-filled containers, with particular emphasis on jet–liquid interactions. A theoretical penetration model incorporating material compressibility and jet stretching was developed based on the virtual origin theory. A high-speed imaging experimental system was designed to capture the jet motion within the container. The impact process was numerically reproduced using ANSYS/LS-DYNA, and the effects of standoff and overmatch on jet penetration were analyzed. The results reveal that jet stretching induced by increased standoff enhances the penetration velocity of the jet. A proportional relationship between the stretching factor (<em>λ</em>) and the overmatch parameter (<em>I</em>) was identified, with <em>λ</em> ranging from approximately 1.22 to 1.38 times <em>I</em> across the studied standoff range (80–220 mm). The findings offer a basis for future studies on the pressure distribution in the liquid and the structural response of containers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":58209,"journal":{"name":"Defence Technology(防务技术)","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 223-241"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145555303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A practical formula for penetration depth of rigid projectiles into rock and concrete considering the non-scaling effect 考虑非结垢效应的刚性弹丸侵彻岩石和混凝土的实用公式

IF 5.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Defence Technology(防务技术)

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dt.2025.03.001

Xiaohan Zhang , Tianhan Xu , Zhen Wang

The non-scaling effect on the penetration depth of rigid projectiles is an important issue that must be considered when extending the results of scaled experiments to prototype scenes. In this study, the evolution of the stress and strain of the target under penetration was analyzed. Expressions for the penetration resistance and penetration depth were obtained based on the conservation equation and continuity condition of the target. The penetration coefficients that characterize the nose shape, target resistance, and non-scaling effect were defined. Simplified calculation methods for the coefficients within the range of rigid projectile penetration were developed. Two methods for estimating the target parameters are proposed. The results show that the non-scaling effect is related to the failure process of the target and depends on the ratio of cavity radius to comminuted region radius. The nose shape coefficient can be approximated as a linear function of the length-to-diameter ratio of the nose. The nose-shape coefficient of a flat-nosed projectile is 0.57. The caliber coefficient is related to the projectile diameter and reflects the non-scaling effect, which increases with the projectile diameter. A practical formula for calculating the penetration depth of rigid projectiles considering the non-scaling effect is also proposed. This formula is in good agreement with penetration experiments on rock and concrete.

刚性弹丸侵深的非标度效应是将标度实验结果推广到原型场景时必须考虑的一个重要问题。本研究分析了靶材在侵彻作用下的应力应变演变过程。根据目标的守恒方程和连续条件，得到了侵彻阻力和侵彻深度的表达式。定义了表征机头形状、目标阻力和非结垢效应的侵彻系数。提出了刚性弹丸侵彻范围内系数的简化计算方法。提出了两种估计目标参数的方法。结果表明，非标度效应与靶体的破坏过程有关，取决于空腔半径与粉碎区半径的比值。鼻子形状系数可以近似为鼻子长径比的线性函数。扁头弹的弹头形系数为0.57。口径系数与弹丸直径有关，反映了非标度效应，随弹丸直径增大而增大。提出了考虑非标度效应的刚性弹丸侵彻深度的实用计算公式。该公式与岩石和混凝土的侵彻试验结果吻合较好。

{"title":"A practical formula for penetration depth of rigid projectiles into rock and concrete considering the non-scaling effect","authors":"Xiaohan Zhang , Tianhan Xu , Zhen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.dt.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dt.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The non-scaling effect on the penetration depth of rigid projectiles is an important issue that must be considered when extending the results of scaled experiments to prototype scenes. In this study, the evolution of the stress and strain of the target under penetration was analyzed. Expressions for the penetration resistance and penetration depth were obtained based on the conservation equation and continuity condition of the target. The penetration coefficients that characterize the nose shape, target resistance, and non-scaling effect were defined. Simplified calculation methods for the coefficients within the range of rigid projectile penetration were developed. Two methods for estimating the target parameters are proposed. The results show that the non-scaling effect is related to the failure process of the target and depends on the ratio of cavity radius to comminuted region radius. The nose shape coefficient can be approximated as a linear function of the length-to-diameter ratio of the nose. The nose-shape coefficient of a flat-nosed projectile is 0.57. The caliber coefficient is related to the projectile diameter and reflects the non-scaling effect, which increases with the projectile diameter. A practical formula for calculating the penetration depth of rigid projectiles considering the non-scaling effect is also proposed. This formula is in good agreement with penetration experiments on rock and concrete.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":58209,"journal":{"name":"Defence Technology(防务技术)","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 98-111"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145555282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bridging Al-PTFE enhances energy output and mechanical properties of LLM-105 桥接Al-PTFE增强了LLM-105的能量输出和力学性能

IF 5.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Defence Technology(防务技术)

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dt.2025.06.026

Wei Huang , Yaofeng Mao , Sijia Yu , Longjie Huang , Jie Chen , Cui Nie , Xingquan Zhang , Fude Nie , Jun Wang

The energy release of energetic composites is severely limited by the inert alumina (Al₂O₃) layer on the surface of aluminum (Al). Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) could eliminate Al₂O₃ layer due to its highly electronegativity and oxidability of fluorine. However, adding PTFE particles would weaken interfacial interactions resulted in poor mechanical properties and interfacial exothermic reaction. Herein, a bridging Al-PTFE as fuel and interfacial reinforcing agent was added and used to prepare LLM-105/Al-PTFE microspheres, achieving both high energy output and excellent mechanical properties. The energy release and combustion reaction performance of LLM-105/Al-PTFE microspheres are significantly improved due to high reaction heat and increased interfacial reaction area of Al-PTFE. The maximum pressure and pressurization rate of LLM-105/Al-PTFE microspheres are 164.06 kPa and 29.88 kPa/s, respectively, which are 40.11% and 16.67% higher than those of physical mixed samples. Furthermore, the tensile strength and compressive strength of LLM-105/Al-PTFE microspheres are 100.40% and 26.47% higher than those of LLM-105/Al. This work provides a new approach to improve the energy release and mechanical properties for energetic composites.

含能复合材料的能量释放受到铝表面惰性氧化铝（Al2O3）层的严重限制。聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）具有很强的电负性和氟的氧化性，可以消除Al2O3层。然而，聚四氟乙烯颗粒的加入会削弱界面相互作用，导致材料的力学性能和界面放热反应变差。在此基础上，以桥接Al-PTFE为燃料和界面增强剂，制备了LLM-105/Al-PTFE微球，获得了高能量输出和优异的力学性能。LLM-105/Al-PTFE微球的高反应热和界面反应面积的增加，显著提高了其能量释放和燃烧反应性能。LLM-105/Al-PTFE微球的最大加压压力和加压速率分别为164.06 kPa和29.88 kPa/s，分别比物理混合样品高40.11%和16.67%。与LLM-105/Al相比，LLM-105/Al- ptfe微球的抗拉强度和抗压强度分别提高了100.40%和26.47%。本工作为改善含能复合材料的能量释放和力学性能提供了新的途径。

{"title":"Bridging Al-PTFE enhances energy output and mechanical properties of LLM-105","authors":"Wei Huang , Yaofeng Mao , Sijia Yu , Longjie Huang , Jie Chen , Cui Nie , Xingquan Zhang , Fude Nie , Jun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.dt.2025.06.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dt.2025.06.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The energy release of energetic composites is severely limited by the inert alumina (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) layer on the surface of aluminum (Al). Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) could eliminate Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> layer due to its highly electronegativity and oxidability of fluorine. However, adding PTFE particles would weaken interfacial interactions resulted in poor mechanical properties and interfacial exothermic reaction. Herein, a bridging Al-PTFE as fuel and interfacial reinforcing agent was added and used to prepare LLM-105/Al-PTFE microspheres, achieving both high energy output and excellent mechanical properties. The energy release and combustion reaction performance of LLM-105/Al-PTFE microspheres are significantly improved due to high reaction heat and increased interfacial reaction area of Al-PTFE. The maximum pressure and pressurization rate of LLM-105/Al-PTFE microspheres are 164.06 kPa and 29.88 kPa/s, respectively, which are 40.11% and 16.67% higher than those of physical mixed samples. Furthermore, the tensile strength and compressive strength of LLM-105/Al-PTFE microspheres are 100.40% and 26.47% higher than those of LLM-105/Al. This work provides a new approach to improve the energy release and mechanical properties for energetic composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":58209,"journal":{"name":"Defence Technology(防务技术)","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 49-58"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145555277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-platform mission planning for UAVs under carrier delivery mode 航母投送模式下无人机跨平台任务规划

IF 5.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Defence Technology(防务技术)

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dt.2025.06.025

Junhong Jin , Genlai Zhang , Xin Li , Xichao Su , Chen Lu , Yujie Cheng , Yu Ding , Lei Wang , Xinwei Wang

As battlefield scale enlarges, cross-platform collaborative combat provides an appealing paradigm for modern warfare. Complicated constraints and vast solution space pose great challenge for reasonable and efficient mission planning, where path planning and target assignment are tightly coupled. In this paper, we focus on UAV mission planning under carrier delivery mode (e.g., by aircraft carrier, ground vehicle, or transport aircraft) and design a three-layer hierarchical solution framework. In the first layer, we simultaneously determine delivery points and target set division by clustering. To address the safety concerns of radar risk and UAV endurance, an improved density peak clustering algorithm is developed by constraint fusion. In the second layer, mission planning within each cluster is viewed as a cooperative multiple-task assignment problem. A hybrid heuristic algorithm that integrates a voting-based heuristic solution generation strategy (VHSG) and a stochastic variable neighborhood search (SVNS), called VHSG-SVNS, is proposed for rapid solution. Based on the results of the first two layers, the third layer transforms carrier path planning into a multiple-vehicle routing problem with time window. The cost between any two nodes is calculated by the A∗ algorithm, and the genetic algorithm is then implemented to determine the global route. Finally, a practical mission scenario containing 200 targets is used to validate the effectiveness of the designed framework, where three layers cooperate well with each other to generate satisfactory combat scheduling. Comparisons are made in each layer to highlight optimum-seeking capability and efficiency of the proposed algorithms. Works done in this paper provide a simple but efficient solution framework for cross-platform cooperative mission planning problems, and can be potentially extended to other applications such as post-disaster search and rescue, forest surveillance and firefighting, logistics pick and delivery, etc.

随着战场规模的扩大，跨平台协同作战为现代战争提供了一种极具吸引力的模式。在路径规划与目标分配紧密耦合的情况下，复杂的约束条件和广阔的解空间对合理高效的任务规划提出了挑战。本文重点研究了航母、地面车辆、运输机等载体交付模式下的无人机任务规划问题，设计了三层分层的解决方案框架。在第一层，我们通过聚类同时确定交付点和目标集划分。为了解决雷达风险和无人机续航能力的安全问题，提出了一种基于约束融合的改进密度峰聚类算法。在第二层，每个集群内的任务规划被视为一个合作的多任务分配问题。为了快速求解，提出了一种基于投票的启发式解生成策略（VHSG）和随机变量邻域搜索（SVNS）相结合的混合启发式算法VHSG-SVNS。在前两层研究结果的基础上，第三层将载体路径规划问题转化为带时间窗口的多车路径问题。通过A *算法计算任意两个节点之间的开销，然后利用遗传算法确定全局路由。最后，通过一个包含200个目标的实际任务场景验证了所设计框架的有效性，其中三层之间相互配合良好，生成了令人满意的作战调度。在每一层进行了比较，以突出所提出算法的寻优能力和效率。本文所做的工作为跨平台协同任务规划问题提供了一个简单而高效的解决方案框架，并有可能扩展到灾后搜救、森林监视和消防、物流拣选和交付等其他应用中。

{"title":"Cross-platform mission planning for UAVs under carrier delivery mode","authors":"Junhong Jin , Genlai Zhang , Xin Li , Xichao Su , Chen Lu , Yujie Cheng , Yu Ding , Lei Wang , Xinwei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.dt.2025.06.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dt.2025.06.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As battlefield scale enlarges, cross-platform collaborative combat provides an appealing paradigm for modern warfare. Complicated constraints and vast solution space pose great challenge for reasonable and efficient mission planning, where path planning and target assignment are tightly coupled. In this paper, we focus on UAV mission planning under carrier delivery mode (e.g., by aircraft carrier, ground vehicle, or transport aircraft) and design a three-layer hierarchical solution framework. In the first layer, we simultaneously determine delivery points and target set division by clustering. To address the safety concerns of radar risk and UAV endurance, an improved density peak clustering algorithm is developed by constraint fusion. In the second layer, mission planning within each cluster is viewed as a cooperative multiple-task assignment problem. A hybrid heuristic algorithm that integrates a voting-based heuristic solution generation strategy (VHSG) and a stochastic variable neighborhood search (SVNS), called VHSG-SVNS, is proposed for rapid solution. Based on the results of the first two layers, the third layer transforms carrier path planning into a multiple-vehicle routing problem with time window. The cost between any two nodes is calculated by the A∗ algorithm, and the genetic algorithm is then implemented to determine the global route. Finally, a practical mission scenario containing 200 targets is used to validate the effectiveness of the designed framework, where three layers cooperate well with each other to generate satisfactory combat scheduling. Comparisons are made in each layer to highlight optimum-seeking capability and efficiency of the proposed algorithms. Works done in this paper provide a simple but efficient solution framework for cross-platform cooperative mission planning problems, and can be potentially extended to other applications such as post-disaster search and rescue, forest surveillance and firefighting, logistics pick and delivery, etc.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":58209,"journal":{"name":"Defence Technology(防务技术)","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 76-97"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145555281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temperature-effect incorporated damage assessment methodology for beam-slab composite structures subjected to long-duration blast loads 长时间爆炸荷载作用下梁板复合结构的温度效应综合损伤评估方法

IF 5.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Defence Technology(防务技术)

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dt.2025.07.002

Wei Liu , Wei Wang , Zhenyu Lu , Baoding Li , Bin Zhang , Bo Gao , Xucai Wang , Gang Peng , Benjun Shi

Aiming at addressing the issues of unclear dynamic response mechanisms and insufficient quantification of temperature coupling effects in building structures under long-duration blast loads, this study investigates typical composite beam-slab structures through integrated blast shock tube experiments and multiscale numerical simulations using Voronoi-coupled Finite-Discrete Element Method (Voro-FDEM). The research systematically reveals the dynamic response mechanisms and damage evolution patterns of composite beam-slab structures subjected to prolonged blast loading. An environment-temperature-coupled P-I curve damage assessment system is established, and a rapid evaluation method based on image crack characteristics is proposed, achieving innovative transition from traditional mechanical indicators to intelligent recognition paradigms. Results demonstrate that composite beam-slab structures exhibit three-phase failure modes: elastic vibration, plastic hinge formation, and global collapse. Numerical simulations identify the brittle-to-ductile transition temperature threshold at −10 °C, and establish a temperature-dependent piecewise function-based P-I curve prediction model, whose overpressure asymptote displays nonlinear temperature sensitivity within −50–30 °C. A novel dual-mode evaluation methodology integrating Voro-FDEM numerical simulations with image-based damage feature recognition is developed, enabling quantitative mapping between crack area and destruction levels. These findings provide theoretical foundations and technical pathways for rapid blast damage assessment and protective engineering design.

针对建筑结构在长时间爆炸荷载作用下的动力响应机制不明确、温度耦合效应量化不足的问题，采用综合爆炸激波管试验和voronoi - Finite-Discrete Element Method （Voro-FDEM）多尺度数值模拟对典型的组合梁-板结构进行了研究。系统地揭示了长时间爆炸荷载作用下组合梁-板结构的动力响应机制和损伤演化模式。建立了环境-温度耦合P-I曲线损伤评估体系，提出了基于图像裂纹特征的快速评估方法，实现了从传统力学指标向智能识别范式的创新过渡。结果表明：梁-板组合结构表现为三阶段破坏模式：弹性振动、塑性铰形成和整体倒塌。数值模拟确定了- 10°C时脆性向韧性转变的温度阈值，并建立了基于分段函数的温度依赖P-I曲线预测模型，该模型的超压渐近线在- 50-30°C范围内呈现非线性温度敏感性。提出了一种新的双模评估方法，将Voro-FDEM数值模拟与基于图像的损伤特征识别相结合，实现了裂纹区域和破坏程度之间的定量映射。研究结果为快速爆炸损伤评估和防护工程设计提供了理论依据和技术途径。

{"title":"Temperature-effect incorporated damage assessment methodology for beam-slab composite structures subjected to long-duration blast loads","authors":"Wei Liu , Wei Wang , Zhenyu Lu , Baoding Li , Bin Zhang , Bo Gao , Xucai Wang , Gang Peng , Benjun Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.dt.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dt.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aiming at addressing the issues of unclear dynamic response mechanisms and insufficient quantification of temperature coupling effects in building structures under long-duration blast loads, this study investigates typical composite beam-slab structures through integrated blast shock tube experiments and multiscale numerical simulations using Voronoi-coupled Finite-Discrete Element Method (Voro-FDEM). The research systematically reveals the dynamic response mechanisms and damage evolution patterns of composite beam-slab structures subjected to prolonged blast loading. An environment-temperature-coupled <em>P</em>-<em>I</em> curve damage assessment system is established, and a rapid evaluation method based on image crack characteristics is proposed, achieving innovative transition from traditional mechanical indicators to intelligent recognition paradigms. Results demonstrate that composite beam-slab structures exhibit three-phase failure modes: elastic vibration, plastic hinge formation, and global collapse. Numerical simulations identify the brittle-to-ductile transition temperature threshold at −10 °C, and establish a temperature-dependent piecewise function-based <em>P</em>-<em>I</em> curve prediction model, whose overpressure asymptote displays nonlinear temperature sensitivity within −50–30 °C. A novel dual-mode evaluation methodology integrating Voro-FDEM numerical simulations with image-based damage feature recognition is developed, enabling quantitative mapping between crack area and destruction levels. These findings provide theoretical foundations and technical pathways for rapid blast damage assessment and protective engineering design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":58209,"journal":{"name":"Defence Technology(防务技术)","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 126-150"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145555284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microstructural evolution of dynamic recrystallization in 30CrNiMoVW steel during hot Compression: Constitutive modeling, kinetic model optimization, and multiscale FEM coupled CA simulation 30CrNiMoVW钢热压缩过程中动态再结晶的组织演变：本构建模、动力学模型优化及多尺度有限元耦合CA模拟

IF 5.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Defence Technology(防务技术)

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dt.2025.07.006

Li Wang , Junwei Qin , Pengyun Zhai , Haohan Jia , Min Li , Yuzhi Zhu , Kaixuan Chen , Xiaohua Chen , Yanlin Wang , Zidong Wang

Process of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) plays a crucial role in altering the microstructure and enhancing the mechanical characteristics of CrNiMoVW steel. However, its initiation mechanism, deformation conditions, and predictive models remain insufficiently understood, requiring further research to optimize the processing technology. In the present study, hot compression experiments were carried out on 30CrNiMoVW steel under deformation conditions with temperatures ranging from 950 to 1,250 °C and strain rates from 0.001 to 1 s⁻¹, during which true stress–strain curves were obtained. Based on friction and temperature corrections applied to these curves, a constitutive equation for 30CrNiMoVW steel was established, and its accuracy was verified through fitting analysis. Simultaneously, the study identified limitations in the initial volume fraction model, prompting the development of a modified recrystallization volume fraction model that was validated via correlation analysis between experimental data and model predictions. Furthermore, building upon the modified recrystallization volume fraction model, a novel recrystallization rate model was developed, and three characteristic strain points were determined. These points segmented the rate curve into three stages: a slow initiation stage (0, ε1), a rapid growth stage (1, ε3), and a slow equilibrium stage (ε3, 0.9). Notably, the value of ε3 was considered the most economical, ensuring the formation of fine and uniform grains during production while optimizing the process, reducing energy consumption and costs, and enhancing overall material performance. Finally, based on the physical constitutive relationships and kinetic models, a multiscale simulation approach combining the finite element method (FEM) and cellular automata (CA) was employed to predict the microstructural evolution of 30CrNiMoVW steel. The simulation results demonstrate that the FEM&CA approach can accurately reproduce the dynamic recrystallization behavior and microstructural evolution observed experimentally. This work provides critical guidance for the development of forging processes for 30CrNiMoVW steel.

动态再结晶过程对改变CrNiMoVW钢的显微组织和提高其力学性能起着至关重要的作用。然而，其起裂机理、变形条件和预测模型尚不清楚，需要进一步研究以优化加工工艺。在本研究中，对30CrNiMoVW钢在950 ~ 1250℃、应变速率0.001 ~ 1 s−1的变形条件下进行了热压缩实验，得到了真实的应力-应变曲线。基于对这些曲线的摩擦和温度修正，建立了30CrNiMoVW钢的本构方程，并通过拟合分析验证了其准确性。同时，该研究发现了初始体积分数模型的局限性，促使改进的再结晶体积分数模型的发展，并通过实验数据和模型预测之间的相关性分析进行了验证。在改进的再结晶体积分数模型的基础上，建立了新的再结晶速率模型，并确定了三个特征应变点。这些点将速率曲线划分为三个阶段：缓慢起始阶段（0,ε1），快速生长阶段（1,ε3）和缓慢平衡阶段（ε3, 0.9）。值得注意的是，ε3的值被认为是最经济的，在保证生产过程中形成细而均匀的晶粒的同时优化工艺，降低能耗和成本，提高材料的整体性能。最后，基于物理本构关系和动力学模型，采用有限元法（FEM）和元胞自动机（CA）相结合的多尺度模拟方法对30CrNiMoVW钢的组织演变进行了预测。仿真结果表明，FEM&；CA方法可以准确再现实验观察到的动态再结晶行为和微观组织演变。该工作对30CrNiMoVW钢锻造工艺的发展具有重要的指导意义。

{"title":"Microstructural evolution of dynamic recrystallization in 30CrNiMoVW steel during hot Compression: Constitutive modeling, kinetic model optimization, and multiscale FEM coupled CA simulation","authors":"Li Wang , Junwei Qin , Pengyun Zhai , Haohan Jia , Min Li , Yuzhi Zhu , Kaixuan Chen , Xiaohua Chen , Yanlin Wang , Zidong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.dt.2025.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dt.2025.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Process of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) plays a crucial role in altering the microstructure and enhancing the mechanical characteristics of CrNiMoVW steel. However, its initiation mechanism, deformation conditions, and predictive models remain insufficiently understood, requiring further research to optimize the processing technology. In the present study, hot compression experiments were carried out on 30CrNiMoVW steel under deformation conditions with temperatures ranging from 950 to 1,250 °C and strain rates from 0.001 to 1 s<sup>−1</sup>, during which true stress–strain curves were obtained. Based on friction and temperature corrections applied to these curves, a constitutive equation for 30CrNiMoVW steel was established, and its accuracy was verified through fitting analysis. Simultaneously, the study identified limitations in the initial volume fraction model, prompting the development of a modified recrystallization volume fraction model that was validated via correlation analysis between experimental data and model predictions. Furthermore, building upon the modified recrystallization volume fraction model, a novel recrystallization rate model was developed, and three characteristic strain points were determined. These points segmented the rate curve into three stages: a slow initiation stage (0, <em>ε</em>1), a rapid growth stage (1, <em>ε</em>3), and a slow equilibrium stage (<em>ε</em>3, 0.9). Notably, the value of <em>ε</em>3 was considered the most economical, ensuring the formation of fine and uniform grains during production while optimizing the process, reducing energy consumption and costs, and enhancing overall material performance. Finally, based on the physical constitutive relationships and kinetic models, a multiscale simulation approach combining the finite element method (FEM) and cellular automata (CA) was employed to predict the microstructural evolution of 30CrNiMoVW steel. The simulation results demonstrate that the FEM&CA approach can accurately reproduce the dynamic recrystallization behavior and microstructural evolution observed experimentally. This work provides critical guidance for the development of forging processes for 30CrNiMoVW steel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":58209,"journal":{"name":"Defence Technology(防务技术)","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 184-203"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145555286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CFD–FEM analysis of ice-impact effect on the water-exit cavity and hydrodynamic characteristics of a ventilated vehicle 冰冲击对通风车辆出水口空腔影响及水动力特性的CFD-FEM分析

IF 5.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Defence Technology(防务技术)

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dt.2025.07.009

Hao Wang , Xiaowei Cai , Zhihua Chen , Yihang Wang , Yuan Liu , Wenjun Yi , Zhengui Huang

Understanding the evolution mechanisms of water-exit cavities and flow fields evolve during high-intensity interactions between vehicles and floating ice is critical for advancing the application of submarine-launched marine equipment in low-temperature ice-prone waters. A computational fluid dynamics–finite element method (CFD–FEM) coupled framework was established to simulate bidirectional fluid-structure interactions during the water-exit process of a ventilated vehicle impacting ice in brash environments. Distinct evolution characteristics were revealed by comparatively analyzing the cavity, flow fields, hydrodynamic loading, structural deformation, and trajectory stability across three scenarios: ice-free, single-ice, and multi-ice. Furthermore, the position-dependent impact effects were characterized. The findings reveal that the impact, friction, and compression effects of ice induce bending and wrinkling of the shoulder cavity, aggravating its collapse and increasing the wetting of the vehicle, resulting in a substantial expansion of the high-velocity and vortex-dominated regions within the flow field, accompanied by more obvious water splashes. The impact of ice notably increases the kinetic energy dissipation of the vehicle during the cross-water stage and diminishes its motion stability. In the center-symmetric layout, the vehicle collides with ice only once, with high stress confined to the head. Conversely, the radial-offset layout causes secondary or even multiple collisions, resulting in high-stress areas on the shoulder of the vehicle, making it deflect and ultimately causing the tail cavity to tilt and become destabilized. The design of new vehicles suitable for ice-prone environments should focus on enhancing the impact toughness of the head structure and optimizing the surface shape design to improve the adaptability to low-temperature complex environments.

了解船舶与浮冰高强度相互作用下的出水空腔演化机制和流场演化，对于推进潜射海洋装备在低温易结冰水域的应用具有重要意义。建立了计算流体力学-有限元法（CFD-FEM）耦合框架，模拟了浮冰环境下通风车辆撞冰出水过程的流固双向相互作用。通过对无冰、单冰和多冰三种情况下的空腔、流场、水动力载荷、结构变形和轨迹稳定性的对比分析，揭示出不同的演化特征。此外，还分析了位置依赖的冲击效应。研究结果表明，冰的冲击、摩擦和压缩作用导致肩腔弯曲起皱，加剧了肩腔的塌陷，增加了车辆的润湿性，导致流场内高速和涡流主导区域大幅扩大，并伴有更明显的水溅。冰的冲击显著增加了车辆在跨水阶段的动能耗散，降低了其运动稳定性。在中心对称布局中，车辆只与冰碰撞一次，高应力仅限于头部。相反，径向偏移布局会导致二次甚至多次碰撞，导致车辆肩部出现高应力区域，使其偏转，最终导致尾腔倾斜并变得不稳定。适合易结冰环境的新型车辆设计应注重提高车头结构的冲击韧性，优化表面形状设计，提高对低温复杂环境的适应性。

{"title":"CFD–FEM analysis of ice-impact effect on the water-exit cavity and hydrodynamic characteristics of a ventilated vehicle","authors":"Hao Wang , Xiaowei Cai , Zhihua Chen , Yihang Wang , Yuan Liu , Wenjun Yi , Zhengui Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.dt.2025.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dt.2025.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the evolution mechanisms of water-exit cavities and flow fields evolve during high-intensity interactions between vehicles and floating ice is critical for advancing the application of submarine-launched marine equipment in low-temperature ice-prone waters. A computational fluid dynamics–finite element method (CFD–FEM) coupled framework was established to simulate bidirectional fluid-structure interactions during the water-exit process of a ventilated vehicle impacting ice in brash environments. Distinct evolution characteristics were revealed by comparatively analyzing the cavity, flow fields, hydrodynamic loading, structural deformation, and trajectory stability across three scenarios: ice-free, single-ice, and multi-ice. Furthermore, the position-dependent impact effects were characterized. The findings reveal that the impact, friction, and compression effects of ice induce bending and wrinkling of the shoulder cavity, aggravating its collapse and increasing the wetting of the vehicle, resulting in a substantial expansion of the high-velocity and vortex-dominated regions within the flow field, accompanied by more obvious water splashes. The impact of ice notably increases the kinetic energy dissipation of the vehicle during the cross-water stage and diminishes its motion stability. In the center-symmetric layout, the vehicle collides with ice only once, with high stress confined to the head. Conversely, the radial-offset layout causes secondary or even multiple collisions, resulting in high-stress areas on the shoulder of the vehicle, making it deflect and ultimately causing the tail cavity to tilt and become destabilized. The design of new vehicles suitable for ice-prone environments should focus on enhancing the impact toughness of the head structure and optimizing the surface shape design to improve the adaptability to low-temperature complex environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":58209,"journal":{"name":"Defence Technology(防务技术)","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 204-222"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145555304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of a bio-inspired constant-force buffering device with dual coupling beams 双耦合梁仿生恒力缓冲装置分析

IF 5.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Defence Technology(防务技术)

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dt.2025.06.018

Lvping Yang , Chunyan Zhou , Hao Sun , Chuang Liu

Achieving vibration isolation, lightweight design, and reusability under impact remains a critical challenge for thin-walled structures. When the goat skull is subjected to impact, both the outer wall of the sinus and the internal bony struts deform simultaneously to absorb energy and protect intracranial tissues. Inspired by this mechanism, we designed the goat sinus-inspired biomimetic (GSIB) structure by mimicking the outer wall of the sinus and the internal pillar-like support system. The structure consists of dual coupling beams, including a set of inclined cantilever beams representing the sinus outer wall and vertical support beams simulating the internal bony struts. The GSIB structure was fabricated using Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) 3D printing technology, and its mechanical properties were investigated through a combination of quasi-static compression tests, vibration tests, impact tests, and finite element simulations. Under compressive loading, the inclined cantilever beams buckle to introduce a negative stiffness effect, while the vertical supports enhance overall stiffness. Leveraging the coupling effect between these two components, the structure achieves a long-stroke constant-force response, thereby delivering superior performance in energy absorption and vibration isolation. Additionally, the special deformation mode of the GSIB structure enables it to be reused under impact conditions. It is noteworthy that, compared to the negative stiffness (NS) structure with the same dimensions for repeated buffering proposed in previous studies, the GSIB structure demonstrates an energy absorption capacity reaching 214.3% of that of the NS structure, a reduction in isolation frequency to 58.5%, and an impact acceleration that is only 66.31% of that of the NS structure. Additionally, the plateau stress of the proposed structure increases to 246.07% of that of the NS structure. This novel artificial structure provides a new design strategy for achieving superior energy absorption and impact resistance under repeated impact conditions.

实现隔振、轻量化设计和在冲击下的可重用性仍然是薄壁结构面临的关键挑战。山羊颅骨受到冲击时，窦外壁和内部骨柱同时变形，吸收能量，保护颅内组织。受这一机制的启发，我们通过模拟鼻窦的外壁和内部柱状支撑系统，设计了山羊鼻窦仿生（GSIB）结构。该结构由双耦合梁组成，包括一组代表窦外壁的倾斜悬臂梁和模拟内部骨支柱的垂直支撑梁。采用选择性激光烧结（SLS） 3D打印技术制备了GSIB结构，并通过准静态压缩试验、振动试验、冲击试验和有限元模拟对其力学性能进行了研究。在压缩荷载作用下，倾斜悬臂梁屈曲产生负刚度效应，而垂直支撑增强整体刚度。利用这两个部件之间的耦合效应，结构实现了长冲程恒力响应，从而提供了卓越的能量吸收和隔振性能。此外，GSIB结构的特殊变形模式使其能够在冲击条件下重复使用。值得注意的是，与以往研究提出的具有相同尺寸重复缓冲的负刚度（NS）结构相比，GSIB结构的吸能能力达到NS结构的214.3%，隔振频率降低至58.5%，冲击加速度仅为NS结构的66.31%。此外，该结构的高原应力增加到NS结构的246.07%。这种新型的人工结构为在重复冲击条件下获得优异的吸能和抗冲击性能提供了新的设计策略。

{"title":"Analysis of a bio-inspired constant-force buffering device with dual coupling beams","authors":"Lvping Yang , Chunyan Zhou , Hao Sun , Chuang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.dt.2025.06.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dt.2025.06.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Achieving vibration isolation, lightweight design, and reusability under impact remains a critical challenge for thin-walled structures. When the goat skull is subjected to impact, both the outer wall of the sinus and the internal bony struts deform simultaneously to absorb energy and protect intracranial tissues. Inspired by this mechanism, we designed the goat sinus-inspired biomimetic (GSIB) structure by mimicking the outer wall of the sinus and the internal pillar-like support system. The structure consists of dual coupling beams, including a set of inclined cantilever beams representing the sinus outer wall and vertical support beams simulating the internal bony struts. The GSIB structure was fabricated using Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) 3D printing technology, and its mechanical properties were investigated through a combination of quasi-static compression tests, vibration tests, impact tests, and finite element simulations. Under compressive loading, the inclined cantilever beams buckle to introduce a negative stiffness effect, while the vertical supports enhance overall stiffness. Leveraging the coupling effect between these two components, the structure achieves a long-stroke constant-force response, thereby delivering superior performance in energy absorption and vibration isolation. Additionally, the special deformation mode of the GSIB structure enables it to be reused under impact conditions. It is noteworthy that, compared to the negative stiffness (NS) structure with the same dimensions for repeated buffering proposed in previous studies, the GSIB structure demonstrates an energy absorption capacity reaching 214.3% of that of the NS structure, a reduction in isolation frequency to 58.5%, and an impact acceleration that is only 66.31% of that of the NS structure. Additionally, the plateau stress of the proposed structure increases to 246.07% of that of the NS structure. This novel artificial structure provides a new design strategy for achieving superior energy absorption and impact resistance under repeated impact conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":58209,"journal":{"name":"Defence Technology(防务技术)","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 277-292"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145555301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0