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2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE)最新文献

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Stable isotopes in precipitation in relation to the meteorological factors in Yangtze river basin 长江流域降水稳定同位素与气象因子的关系
Pub Date : 2011-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5774415
Yuchuan Meng, Guodong Liu
Analysis is conducted on the temporal and spatial variations of stable isotopic composition in precipitation, using the data of IAEA/WMO sampling stations, in Yangtze river basin. The correlations between δ18O in precipitation and air temperature/amount of precipitation are analyzed at individual stations and in the whole valley on monthly or annual scales. There is notable amount effect, the distinct inverse relationship between δ18O and precipitation, on monthly scale in the Yangtze valley and at the selected stations except Chongqing. Compared with monthly scale, the positive correlation between δ18O and air temperature is more marked on annual scale. The interannual variations of δ18O reflect the change of large-scale climate and environment, and are mainly controlled by large-scale weather conditions.
利用国际原子能机构(IAEA)和世界气象组织(WMO)的降水稳定同位素组成资料,分析了长江流域降水稳定同位素组成的时空变化特征。分析了单站降水δ18O与气温/降水量的相关关系,并在月、年尺度上分析了全流域降水δ18O与气温/降水量的相关关系。在月尺度上,除重庆外,长江流域和各站点δ18O与降水均存在显著的量效应和显著的负相关关系。与月尺度相比,年尺度上δ18O与气温的正相关更为显著。δ18O的年际变化反映了大尺度气候环境的变化,主要受大尺度天气条件的控制。
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引用次数: 0
Using GA-BP neural networks to analyze vertical bearing capacity of single rock-socketed pile 采用GA-BP神经网络对单桩嵌岩桩竖向承载力进行分析
Pub Date : 2011-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5774282
Hongsheng Jiang, Quan'an Ma
With regard to the design of ultimate vertical bearing capacity of single rock-socketed pile, theoretical formula recommended by “Technical code for building foundations” (JGJ 94-2008)and static loading test are the two most popular methods. But results obtained from this two approaches have great differences. The average of relative difference (note: taking absolute value) is even up to 45.7%, and in most cases the values from the former are greater than that from the latter, as found from analyzing the static loading test data of 101 rock-socketed piles. By using founded GA-BP neural networks which taking 101 rock-socketed piles' static loading test data as a training sample, 10 predicted results have a good agreement with expected values from static loading tests. The average of relative difference is about 5%. GA-BP neural networks can also be used in analyzing the vertical bearing behaviors of rock-socketed pile. Using the GA-BP neural networks as mentioned above, varying the magnitude of ratio of rock-socketed depth to pile diameter, and keeping the rest of other parameters as unchanged constants, a curve of relationship between the variable ratio and output predicted vertical bearing capacity could be achieved, which revealed that for a given construction field and workmanship, a most reasonable value of the ratio could be found which corresponding to the maximum value of ultimate vertical bearing capacity, but no constant value has been found while changing the site condition.
对于单桩嵌岩桩竖向极限承载力的设计,《建筑基础技术规范》(JGJ 94-2008)推荐的理论公式和静载试验是最常用的两种方法。但这两种方法得到的结果存在很大差异。通过对101桩嵌岩桩静载试验数据的分析,其相对差值平均值(注:取绝对值)甚至可达45.7%,且在大多数情况下前者大于后者。采用建立的GA-BP神经网络,以101个嵌岩桩静载试验数据为训练样本,有10个预测结果与静载试验期望值吻合较好。相对差的平均值约为5%。GA-BP神经网络也可用于嵌岩桩的竖向承载特性分析。利用上述GA-BP神经网络,改变嵌岩深度与桩径之比的大小,其余参数保持不变,可以得到该变比与预测竖向承载力输出的关系曲线,表明在给定施工场地和工艺条件下,可以找到一个与竖向极限承载力最大值相对应的最合理的比值值,但随着场地条件的变化,并没有找到一个恒定值。
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引用次数: 1
Intensify safety culture to ensure the safety of rail transit construction — Take the culture construction of Ningbo Rail Transit for example 强化安全文化保障轨道交通建设安全——以宁波市轨道交通文化建设为例
Pub Date : 2011-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5775283
Cao Qian-qian, Zheng Rong-yue, Zhu Yao-hong, Lin Ping
According to the construction characteristics of rail transit engineering and the features of safety culture, the paper illustrates the concept of safety culture. And on that basis, the development scheme of safety culture is set forth from the following four aspects: safety sense culture, safety system culture, safety behavior culture and safety material culture. Then take Ningbo Rail Transit Project for example, analyzing its status quo of safety culture construction and the present problems. And at last improving suggestions are put forward.
根据轨道交通工程的施工特点和安全文化的特点,阐述了安全文化的概念。在此基础上,从安全意识文化、安全制度文化、安全行为文化和安全物质文化四个方面提出了安全文化的发展方案。然后以宁波市轨道交通项目为例,分析了宁波市轨道交通项目安全文化建设的现状及存在的问题。最后提出了改进建议。
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引用次数: 0
Study on quality defect and relevant measures of external thermal insulation system and based on fault tree analysis 基于故障树分析的外保温系统质量缺陷及相关措施研究
Pub Date : 2011-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5776202
Xiuqin Yin, Huiqiang Li, Mei Li
The main influence factors of the quality of external thermal insulation system (ETIS) were analyzed in this paper. According to the influence factors such as the critical path, basic event and their logical relations to ETIS and based on the method statement of reliability theory of fault tree analysis (FTA), the quality defect evaluation model of ETIS was established, which included two subsystems of functional quality defects evaluation system and construction quality defects evaluation system. In addition, this paper puts forward the relevant quality control measures to the quality of ETIS by studying the path of these quality defects occurred. The results have certain instructive significance for ensuring the quality of ETIS.
分析了影响外保温系统质量的主要因素。根据关键路径、基本事件等影响因素及其对ETIS的逻辑关系,基于故障树分析(FTA)可靠性理论的方法陈述,建立了ETIS的质量缺陷评价模型,该模型包括功能质量缺陷评价系统和施工质量缺陷评价系统两个子系统。此外,通过研究这些质量缺陷发生的路径,提出了相应的质量控制措施。研究结果对保证ETIS的质量具有一定的指导意义。
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引用次数: 0
The determination of prestressed concrete covering layer system depth under atmosphere condition 大气条件下预应力混凝土覆盖层体系深度的确定
Pub Date : 2011-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5775173
Feng Chen, D. Hu, Yili Sun
The prestressed concrete covering layer system, different with the general reinforced concrete cover, is a complex system which includes not only the non-uniform layer of concrete, but also the non-prestressed reinforcement, the metal corrugated pipe and the cement paste incrustation body in the pipe. Therefore, the study for carbonization corrosion of the prestressed concrete structures should consider effect of the stress and deactivated film position of reinforcing bar. Taking into consideration of the effect of stress level in concrete diffusion process, the carbonization reaction and diffusion process in the complete carbonated zone and the half-carbonated one under multi factor is analysed. It presents the durability limit state equation for prestressed concrete structures under carbonization condition, which can determine the depth of the covering layer system for prestressed concrete structures.
预应力混凝土覆盖层体系不同于一般钢筋混凝土覆盖层,它是一个复杂的体系,不仅包括混凝土的非均匀层,还包括非预应力钢筋、金属波纹管和管道中的水泥膏体结壳体。因此,研究预应力混凝土结构的碳化腐蚀应考虑应力和钢筋失活膜位置的影响。考虑应力水平对混凝土扩散过程的影响,分析了多因素作用下全碳化区和半碳化区的碳化反应和扩散过程。提出了碳化条件下预应力混凝土结构耐久性极限状态方程,可以确定预应力混凝土结构覆盖层体系的深度。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental studies of full-scale self-centering beam-to-column exterior connection 全尺寸自定心梁柱外连接试验研究
Pub Date : 2011-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5776413
P. Pan, Zhen-hua Pan, Haiyun Cao, F. Qiu, L. Ye
Traditional steel moment frames use welded beam-column connections, which are susceptible to brittle fracture and commonly have large residual deformation after the earthquakes. A novel beam-to-column connection for steel moment frame is proposed. Four full-scale new connections and two connections without self-centering capacity were tested under cyclic lateral load, the connections' strength property, energy-dissipation capacity, seismic behavior of hysteresis loops as well as angles and posttensioning strands' behavior are investigated. The results show that the connection's prestressing forces determine the connection's self-centering capacity, and angles are important for energy dissipation. Under 5% drift, the columns and beams remain elastic while the angles sustain inelastic deformations. After the loading, the connections have zero deformation. The connection can restore to the original position.
传统的钢质弯矩框架采用焊接梁柱连接,易发生脆性断裂,地震后普遍存在较大的残余变形。提出了一种新型钢弯矩框架的梁柱连接方式。对4个全尺寸新连接和2个无自定心能力的连接进行了循环侧向荷载试验,研究了连接的强度性能、耗能能力、滞回线的抗震性能以及角和后张筋的抗震性能。结果表明,连接的预应力决定了连接的自定心能力,而角度对耗能有重要影响。在5%的位移下,柱和梁保持弹性,而角则保持非弹性变形。加载后,连接为零变形。连接可以恢复到原来的位置。
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引用次数: 1
Public green space planning for equity using an accessibility-based GAP analysis 利用基于可达性的GAP分析进行公共绿地规划
Pub Date : 2011-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5775449
Qing Chang, X. Li, Mengxi Li
The fulfillment of equity in the distribution of urban public green spaces is a great goal to urban planners, who must identify at least how many public green spaces are required to meet all residents' relaxation demand and where they should be. Since it is commonly accepted that the accessibility is the most important quality of public green spaces for citizens' equal use, in this paper, a planning technique integrates the accessibility evaluation into GAP analysis in a GIS is presented, through which urban planners can analyze the gaps of the requirement of urban public green spaces and their distribution. The Special Economic Zone of Shenzhen in China is used as the experimental site for users to better understand this planning method, and results carried out by this paper demonstrate the power of this approach to identify where should be paid more attention to in the future green space planning and construction.
实现城市公共绿地分配的公平性是城市规划者的一个重要目标,他们必须确定至少需要多少公共绿地来满足所有居民的休闲需求,以及它们应该在哪里。由于人们普遍认为可达性是市民平等使用公共绿地的最重要品质,本文提出了一种将可达性评价与GIS中的GAP分析相结合的规划技术,通过该技术,城市规划者可以分析城市公共绿地需求的差距及其分布。本文以中国深圳经济特区为实验场地,让用户更好地了解这种规划方法,并通过本文的结果证明了这种方法在确定未来绿地规划和建设中应该注意的地方方面的力量。
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引用次数: 2
Effect of cascade biological pretreatment of raw water with algae on conventional water treatment process 藻类级联生物预处理原水对常规水处理工艺的影响
Pub Date : 2011-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5776517
G. Zhu, Chaowen Fan, Yue Zhou, Xiwu Lu
A cascade biological pretreatment reactor(CBPR) was used to improve the removal rates of ammonia, small molecule organic compounds and microcystins from eutrophic raw water. The pilot-scale installation was run continually based on the conventional water treatment process(CWTP) and the process combined with biological pretreatment(BPTP). The effluents of each reactor were analyzed. The results show that CBPR removes more than 75% of ammonia and helps to increase the DOC removal rate from 30.3% to 49.2% in the coagulation-sedimentation reactor. Compared with CWTP, the removal rates of extracellular microcystin-LR and total microcystin-LR are increased 47.4% and 43.1% in BPTP, respectively. The CBPR removes effectively small particles with diameter less than 5µm and increases big particles with diameter more than 7µm, which enhances the particles removal in coagulation-sedimentation and filtration reactors. The CBPR degrades effectively small molecular organic compounds, decomposes big molecular organic compounds into small ones and promotes the removal of medium molecular organic compounds by CWTP.
采用级联生物预处理反应器(CBPR)提高了富营养化原水中氨、小分子有机物和微囊藻毒素的去除率。在常规水处理工艺(CWTP)和生物预处理工艺(BPTP)的基础上,进行了中试装置的连续运行。对各反应器的出水进行了分析。结果表明,在混凝沉淀反应器中,CBPR对氨氮的去除率达75%以上,并将DOC去除率从30.3%提高到49.2%。与CWTP相比,BPTP对胞外微囊藻毒素lr和总微囊藻毒素lr的去除率分别提高了47.4%和43.1%。CBPR对粒径小于5µm的小颗粒有较好的去除效果,对粒径大于7µm的大颗粒有较好的去除效果,增强了混凝沉降和过滤反应器的颗粒去除效果。CBPR能有效降解小分子有机化合物,将大分子有机化合物分解成小分子有机化合物,促进CWTP对中分子有机化合物的去除。
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引用次数: 0
Stability analyses of steel pipe in pipe-jacking and the optimization of wall thickness 顶管过程中钢管稳定性分析及壁厚优化
Pub Date : 2011-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5775290
Zhifeng Zhao, Guangqiang Shao
Pipe jacking is widely used in the underground construction, but few studies are focused on the pipe wall stability and no specify rule is presented in the codes. According to this situation, theoretical and numerical analysis is applied in research. Through numerical simulation, the inner force and deformation of steel pipe can be obtained, but the control criterion of wall thickness is still in lack. Based on the result of numerical analysis, the deformation of steel pipe is characteristic of arch, so the stability theory of arch in the material mechanics is lead to compute the critical pressure. Comparing the critical pressure with the actual force of steel pipe, the stability of pipe wall can be determined. The steel pipe of intake pipe design of a heat-engine plant is studied as project case, and the stability of pipe wall under different wall thickness is studied using the methods presented. The analysis and optimum design shows that the 22mm can be determined as the proper wall thickness instead of the original design thickness—34mm, and the project cost will be decreased significantly.
顶管在地下工程中应用广泛,但对管壁稳定性的研究较少,规范中也没有明确规定。针对这种情况,本文采用理论分析和数值分析相结合的方法进行了研究。通过数值模拟可以得到钢管的内力和变形,但目前还缺乏壁厚的控制准则。根据数值分析结果,提出了钢管拱的变形特征,并引入材料力学中拱的稳定性理论,计算了钢管拱的临界压力。将临界压力与钢管的实际受力进行比较,可以判断管壁的稳定性。以某热电厂进气管道设计的钢管为工程实例,采用所提出的方法对不同壁厚下的管壁稳定性进行了研究。分析和优化设计表明,可以确定22mm为合适的壁厚,而不是原来的设计厚度34mm,工程成本将显著降低。
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引用次数: 0
Study on the BOTDR-based distributed detection of the pile foundation bearing capacity 基于botdr的桩基承载力分布式检测研究
Pub Date : 2011-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5774766
C. Piao, G. Wei, Yong Chen
The calculation of the pile foundation internal force under horizontal loads always constitutes a fundamental prerequisite to an insight into the pile deformation. Through the sensing fiber embedded in pile shaft, this paper studies the deformation of bored pile under horizontal loads, and deducts the formula of pile deflection and bending moment under horizontal loads by means of BOTDR-based distributed detection. Then through the project case, a comparison is made between the value calculated by the data obtained through the embedded fiber and the value measured by the displacement sensor. And with the analysis of the pile foundation bearing capacity under horizontal loads, the study shows that a reliable basis for pile foundation design can be achieved by the effective detection of such pile deformation as strain, deflection and bending moment, based on the BOTDR distributed fiber sensing technology.
水平荷载作用下桩基内力的计算一直是了解桩变形的基本前提。通过嵌入桩身的传感纤维,研究钻孔灌注桩在水平荷载作用下的变形,采用基于botdr的分布式检测方法推导出水平荷载作用下的桩挠度和弯矩计算公式。然后通过工程实例,将嵌入光纤获得的数据计算值与位移传感器测量值进行比较。通过对水平荷载作用下桩基承载力的分析,研究表明,基于BOTDR分布式光纤传感技术对桩的应变、挠度、弯矩等变形进行有效检测,可为桩基设计提供可靠依据。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE)
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