Pub Date : 2011-04-22DOI: 10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5775301
Xifeng Yan, Zumin Qiu, Lusheng Guo
In this paper, we studied the land use/cover change (LUCC) and their driving forces from 1997 to 2005 in Nanchang. The characteristics of land use change in the districts were systematically analyzed in terms of land use quantity, structure and degree. Results showed: 1) The area of cultivated land and grassland were decreasing, the transportation land, and residential and isolated industry land were increasing in recent years; 2) The LUCC in Nanchang was driven by the ratio of rural population to total population, number of village labors, local finance, resident's savings and GDP per capita. LUCC can reflect the socioeconomic developing course. The driving forces of land use changes should be paid more attention in order to draw relevant land use/cover policies.
{"title":"Notice of RetractionLand use/cover change and their driving forces in Nanchang","authors":"Xifeng Yan, Zumin Qiu, Lusheng Guo","doi":"10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5775301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5775301","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we studied the land use/cover change (LUCC) and their driving forces from 1997 to 2005 in Nanchang. The characteristics of land use change in the districts were systematically analyzed in terms of land use quantity, structure and degree. Results showed: 1) The area of cultivated land and grassland were decreasing, the transportation land, and residential and isolated industry land were increasing in recent years; 2) The LUCC in Nanchang was driven by the ratio of rural population to total population, number of village labors, local finance, resident's savings and GDP per capita. LUCC can reflect the socioeconomic developing course. The driving forces of land use changes should be paid more attention in order to draw relevant land use/cover policies.","PeriodicalId":6340,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE)","volume":"49 1","pages":"4209-4212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88206120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-22DOI: 10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5775944
Qinqin Zhang, W. Fan, Tiezhu Wang, G. Nan
Styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) modified asphalt emulsions were prepared by means of SBR latex adding to aqueous solution, and it is an energy-saving, ecologically safe material because it does not need any heating processes creating gas emission and fire hazard during its use. The objective of this work was to analyze the temperature performance of SBR modified asphalt emulsions for enhancing the pavements properties. According to penetration index (PI) of emulsion residues, it was found that the temperature susceptivity of asphalt became lower by SBR modification, which was more favorable for practical application. And PI firstly increased and then decreased with the SBR content increasing, which was attributed to SBR content and whether it could disperse uniformly in emulsion residue. Furthermore, the increase of equivalent softening point (T800) of asphalt by SBR modification indicated that the thermal stability and the heat resistance of asphalt were significantly enhanced. Third, 5 °C ductility and equivalent brittle point (T1.2) was used for characterizing low-temperature property of modified asphalt. Compared to unmodified asphalt emulsion, the increase of low temperature ductility and decrease of T1.2 of modified asphalt emulsion demonstrated that anti-cracking performance was improved considerably. And the change of low-temperature ductility was related to the cohesion inside the emulsion residue and whether SBR could distribute uniformly in it. As a consequence, the optimum SBR latex content was determined as 4.0% to 5.0% to emulsion. In this concentration, the temperature performance of SBR modified asphalt emulsions was excellent and this favorable for application.
{"title":"Studies on the temperature performance of SBR modified asphalt emulsion","authors":"Qinqin Zhang, W. Fan, Tiezhu Wang, G. Nan","doi":"10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5775944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5775944","url":null,"abstract":"Styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) modified asphalt emulsions were prepared by means of SBR latex adding to aqueous solution, and it is an energy-saving, ecologically safe material because it does not need any heating processes creating gas emission and fire hazard during its use. The objective of this work was to analyze the temperature performance of SBR modified asphalt emulsions for enhancing the pavements properties. According to penetration index (PI) of emulsion residues, it was found that the temperature susceptivity of asphalt became lower by SBR modification, which was more favorable for practical application. And PI firstly increased and then decreased with the SBR content increasing, which was attributed to SBR content and whether it could disperse uniformly in emulsion residue. Furthermore, the increase of equivalent softening point (T800) of asphalt by SBR modification indicated that the thermal stability and the heat resistance of asphalt were significantly enhanced. Third, 5 °C ductility and equivalent brittle point (T1.2) was used for characterizing low-temperature property of modified asphalt. Compared to unmodified asphalt emulsion, the increase of low temperature ductility and decrease of T1.2 of modified asphalt emulsion demonstrated that anti-cracking performance was improved considerably. And the change of low-temperature ductility was related to the cohesion inside the emulsion residue and whether SBR could distribute uniformly in it. As a consequence, the optimum SBR latex content was determined as 4.0% to 5.0% to emulsion. In this concentration, the temperature performance of SBR modified asphalt emulsions was excellent and this favorable for application.","PeriodicalId":6340,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE)","volume":"12 1","pages":"730-733"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88213982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-22DOI: 10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5776395
H. Jun, Y. Ping, Dong Zhao-wen, Cai Rong
Shield starting is an accident-frequent phase in the construction of shield tunnel. It is a key and urgent problem how to ensure the stability of reinforced soil in that phase. In this paper, the frequently adopted soil reinforcement methods at the shield tunnel end were summarized. Combining with the case of beginning project of shield acting at Suzhou Subway Yang Yu Xiang Station's west end, in which the application of cup-shape horizontal freezing method was planned to reinforce soil, the ADINA program was run to analyze the shield starting project, followed by the strength checking calculation. In addition, a special attention was placed on the displacement field and stress field under variable thickness of cup bottom in this project. The conclusion is as follows: a) For the soft soil areas, the most frequently used reinforcement approach is cement-soil deep mixing pile + high pressure rotary jet grouting pile; b)When subject to the environmental constraints or ground sand level with water, the cup-shape level freezing method can be employed to reinforce the soil; c) Numerical simulation showed that the extent of displacement was increasing along the boring direction of tunnel toward the cave gate after removing the sealed door. The maximum displacement is by 8.1 mm, occurring in the center of tunnel face; The maximum deformation of the surface occurred over the sealed door, subsiding by 3.1mm; d) The calculated strength of the cup-shaped reinforcement can meet the safety requirement. Difference of the displacement values and stress values from the variable effective thicknesses of the cup bottom is negligent. This reinforcement approach was feasible even if the effective thickness is 1.0m. In the end, the parameter values of the reinforcement approach at the beginning project of shield acting in Suzhou subway construction were proposed.
{"title":"Study on numerical simulation of cup-shaped horizontal freezing reinforcement project near shield launching","authors":"H. Jun, Y. Ping, Dong Zhao-wen, Cai Rong","doi":"10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5776395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5776395","url":null,"abstract":"Shield starting is an accident-frequent phase in the construction of shield tunnel. It is a key and urgent problem how to ensure the stability of reinforced soil in that phase. In this paper, the frequently adopted soil reinforcement methods at the shield tunnel end were summarized. Combining with the case of beginning project of shield acting at Suzhou Subway Yang Yu Xiang Station's west end, in which the application of cup-shape horizontal freezing method was planned to reinforce soil, the ADINA program was run to analyze the shield starting project, followed by the strength checking calculation. In addition, a special attention was placed on the displacement field and stress field under variable thickness of cup bottom in this project. The conclusion is as follows: a) For the soft soil areas, the most frequently used reinforcement approach is cement-soil deep mixing pile + high pressure rotary jet grouting pile; b)When subject to the environmental constraints or ground sand level with water, the cup-shape level freezing method can be employed to reinforce the soil; c) Numerical simulation showed that the extent of displacement was increasing along the boring direction of tunnel toward the cave gate after removing the sealed door. The maximum displacement is by 8.1 mm, occurring in the center of tunnel face; The maximum deformation of the surface occurred over the sealed door, subsiding by 3.1mm; d) The calculated strength of the cup-shaped reinforcement can meet the safety requirement. Difference of the displacement values and stress values from the variable effective thicknesses of the cup bottom is negligent. This reinforcement approach was feasible even if the effective thickness is 1.0m. In the end, the parameter values of the reinforcement approach at the beginning project of shield acting in Suzhou subway construction were proposed.","PeriodicalId":6340,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"5522-5525"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88307629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-22DOI: 10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5776069
Xie Guo-liang, Shen Xiang-dong
The cemented-soil was made from Ca (OH)2, cement and silty clay of Hetao Irrigation District, Inner Mongolia, China. The mixing amount of Ca (OH)2 in the lab is 0 %, 1.5 %, 4.5 %, 7.5%, respectively. The lime-cement soils were cured in 1 day, 3 days, 9 days, 14 days, 28 days and 90 days, respectively. The unconfined compressive strength was measured, and the affecting factors were analyzed. The results indicate that, pozzolanic effect and ion-exchange action exist after the soil and the stabilzers are mixed, but the degrees of two actions are low. Therefore, the experiment prove that hydration is the most important source of strength. Combined with characteristic of clay and strength increasing rule, we concluded that pozzolanic effect and ion-exchange action are limited by insufficient clay minerals, and impact of excess calcium hydroxide on cemented-soil strength is very little.
{"title":"Mechanical behaviors of cemented-soil with Ca(OH)2","authors":"Xie Guo-liang, Shen Xiang-dong","doi":"10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5776069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5776069","url":null,"abstract":"The cemented-soil was made from Ca (OH)2, cement and silty clay of Hetao Irrigation District, Inner Mongolia, China. The mixing amount of Ca (OH)2 in the lab is 0 %, 1.5 %, 4.5 %, 7.5%, respectively. The lime-cement soils were cured in 1 day, 3 days, 9 days, 14 days, 28 days and 90 days, respectively. The unconfined compressive strength was measured, and the affecting factors were analyzed. The results indicate that, pozzolanic effect and ion-exchange action exist after the soil and the stabilzers are mixed, but the degrees of two actions are low. Therefore, the experiment prove that hydration is the most important source of strength. Combined with characteristic of clay and strength increasing rule, we concluded that pozzolanic effect and ion-exchange action are limited by insufficient clay minerals, and impact of excess calcium hydroxide on cemented-soil strength is very little.","PeriodicalId":6340,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE)","volume":"5 1","pages":"5182-5184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88346125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-22DOI: 10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5774628
Ma Guangying, Yao Yunlong
The development and engineering applications of large-span annular tensile cable-truss structural system are introduced and a new type of annular tensile cable-truss structures is proposed. The new structural system is to reduce the space occupied by roof structure and could be laid by the rigid roofing material easily. Two types of annular tensile cable-truss structure, Ribbed and Sunflower-patterned cable-truss structure, were given. Ribbed cable-truss structure was taken as an example and its static behavior under full-span load and half-span load was analyzed. The effect of prestress level on static behavior of the structure was studied. The results will provide a reference for a further design and project application of such structure.
{"title":"Static behavior analysis of a new annular tensile cable-truss structure","authors":"Ma Guangying, Yao Yunlong","doi":"10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5774628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5774628","url":null,"abstract":"The development and engineering applications of large-span annular tensile cable-truss structural system are introduced and a new type of annular tensile cable-truss structures is proposed. The new structural system is to reduce the space occupied by roof structure and could be laid by the rigid roofing material easily. Two types of annular tensile cable-truss structure, Ribbed and Sunflower-patterned cable-truss structure, were given. Ribbed cable-truss structure was taken as an example and its static behavior under full-span load and half-span load was analyzed. The effect of prestress level on static behavior of the structure was studied. The results will provide a reference for a further design and project application of such structure.","PeriodicalId":6340,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE)","volume":"126 1","pages":"2587-2590"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88398070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-22DOI: 10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5774577
Lv Jiqiang, Shen Bing, Mo Shu-hong
In this paper, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient method, de-trended fluctuation analysis (DFA) and Husdorsff fractal dimension method are used to investigate the variation law and primary driving factors of the annual run-off in Hotan Oasis. The results indicated that the Hotan Oasis run-off sequences has fractal characteristics, no significant increase trend, and influenced by the temperature rising, the run-off has gone through a short-term increasing trend in recent years.
{"title":"Driving forces of the water resource and the environment in Oasis region, China","authors":"Lv Jiqiang, Shen Bing, Mo Shu-hong","doi":"10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5774577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5774577","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient method, de-trended fluctuation analysis (DFA) and Husdorsff fractal dimension method are used to investigate the variation law and primary driving factors of the annual run-off in Hotan Oasis. The results indicated that the Hotan Oasis run-off sequences has fractal characteristics, no significant increase trend, and influenced by the temperature rising, the run-off has gone through a short-term increasing trend in recent years.","PeriodicalId":6340,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE)","volume":"54 1","pages":"5880-5883"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88398071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-22DOI: 10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5775273
Li Shibo, Fang Jianhua, C. Jianping
Based on the outlines of urban underground space development status and trend in China, Comprehensive geological characteristics of the urban environment in Kunming are reviewed in this paper. Urban development restricted with Kunming basin has complexity on geological conditions and multiple geological disasters, especially, abnormity soft-soils in large-scale-subsidence basin. Therefore the characteristics of development and spatial distribution of soft soil in Kunming City are introduced. Finally, eight areas of engineering geological problems are analyzed and discussed in the underground space development, including the region of Ring Road, West Ring Road to Hunrui Road, East Ring Road to Eastern Basin, between North Ring Road and North Second Ring Road, East Side between North Ring Road and North Second Ring Road, the region of East of South Ring Road, North of Liujia highway, along the north shore of Dianchi Lake and Expo Park area.
{"title":"The major engineering geological problems of Kunming urban underground space development and utilization","authors":"Li Shibo, Fang Jianhua, C. Jianping","doi":"10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5775273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5775273","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the outlines of urban underground space development status and trend in China, Comprehensive geological characteristics of the urban environment in Kunming are reviewed in this paper. Urban development restricted with Kunming basin has complexity on geological conditions and multiple geological disasters, especially, abnormity soft-soils in large-scale-subsidence basin. Therefore the characteristics of development and spatial distribution of soft soil in Kunming City are introduced. Finally, eight areas of engineering geological problems are analyzed and discussed in the underground space development, including the region of Ring Road, West Ring Road to Hunrui Road, East Ring Road to Eastern Basin, between North Ring Road and North Second Ring Road, East Side between North Ring Road and North Second Ring Road, the region of East of South Ring Road, North of Liujia highway, along the north shore of Dianchi Lake and Expo Park area.","PeriodicalId":6340,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE)","volume":"25 1","pages":"4643-4646"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86365749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-22DOI: 10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5776542
Lei Zixue, SU Wenzhi
To investigate the effect of superposed deck on the static performance of a prestressed concrete wide hollow slab girder bridge, static loading tests were conducted on it before and after it had been rehabilitated by replacing its old unbonded concrete deck with a new bonded one. During each test, three trucks were used to apply the load. Sap2000 commercial software was adopted to simulate the loading test after the rehabilitation. Both field tests and simulation results show that superposition of the new deck over the hollow slab girders can significantly increase the overall rigidity of the bridge, reducing both its deflections and strains. Hence replacement of an old unbonded bridge deck with a new bonded one is an effective method for bridge retrofitting. In the simulation of field tests of a bridge, the calculated results can be in rational agreement with the measured ones if the effect of overlaid deck and guard rail s has been carefully taken into account.
{"title":"Effect of superposed deck on the static performance of a prestressed concrete hollow slab girder bridge","authors":"Lei Zixue, SU Wenzhi","doi":"10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5776542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5776542","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the effect of superposed deck on the static performance of a prestressed concrete wide hollow slab girder bridge, static loading tests were conducted on it before and after it had been rehabilitated by replacing its old unbonded concrete deck with a new bonded one. During each test, three trucks were used to apply the load. Sap2000 commercial software was adopted to simulate the loading test after the rehabilitation. Both field tests and simulation results show that superposition of the new deck over the hollow slab girders can significantly increase the overall rigidity of the bridge, reducing both its deflections and strains. Hence replacement of an old unbonded bridge deck with a new bonded one is an effective method for bridge retrofitting. In the simulation of field tests of a bridge, the calculated results can be in rational agreement with the measured ones if the effect of overlaid deck and guard rail s has been carefully taken into account.","PeriodicalId":6340,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE)","volume":"41 1","pages":"262-265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86391823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-22DOI: 10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5776119
Jinhua Tang, Guo-ren Xu, Guibai Li, L. Spinosa
The extraction of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from activated sludge and the absorption properties of chromium (VI) (Cr6+) on EPS were examined in this experiment. The effects of adsorption time, pH, mass of EPS, and initial Cr6+ concentration on Cr6+ removal efficiency were investigated. The results indicated that high speed centrifugation was efficient in the extraction of EPS and caused less damage to cells, meanwhile EPS extracted by this method was efficient in the adsorption of Cr6+. The adsorption reached equilibrium when the adsorption time was 240 min. The adsorption rate and the unit adsorption capacity were 50.83% and 19.06 mg g−1 EPS respectively. The optimal pH and mass of EPS were 6 and 400 mg L−1 on the condition that the initial Cr6+ concentration was 100 mg L−1. The adsorption rate declined with the rising of initial Cr6+ concentration, but the unit adsorption capacity increased. The results demonstrated that the EPS extracted from activated sludge would be applicable to removing Cr6+.
{"title":"Adsorption properties of chromium (VI) on extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)","authors":"Jinhua Tang, Guo-ren Xu, Guibai Li, L. Spinosa","doi":"10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5776119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5776119","url":null,"abstract":"The extraction of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from activated sludge and the absorption properties of chromium (VI) (Cr<sup>6+</sup>) on EPS were examined in this experiment. The effects of adsorption time, pH, mass of EPS, and initial Cr<sup>6+</sup> concentration on Cr<sup>6+</sup> removal efficiency were investigated. The results indicated that high speed centrifugation was efficient in the extraction of EPS and caused less damage to cells, meanwhile EPS extracted by this method was efficient in the adsorption of Cr<sup>6+</sup>. The adsorption reached equilibrium when the adsorption time was 240 min. The adsorption rate and the unit adsorption capacity were 50.83% and 19.06 mg g<sup>−1</sup> EPS respectively. The optimal pH and mass of EPS were 6 and 400 mg L<sup>−1</sup> on the condition that the initial Cr<sup>6+</sup> concentration was 100 mg L<sup>−1</sup>. The adsorption rate declined with the rising of initial Cr<sup>6+</sup> concentration, but the unit adsorption capacity increased. The results demonstrated that the EPS extracted from activated sludge would be applicable to removing Cr<sup>6+</sup>.","PeriodicalId":6340,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE)","volume":"81 1","pages":"983-986"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86193546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-22DOI: 10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5775233
X. Ge, X. Zhai, J. Xue, X. Bai
In order to study the impact of pile length on the bearing properties of long-short piles composite foundation, distribution of the axial force and skin friction along pile, the bearing mechanics of long-short-pile composite foundation with long and short piles were studied based on laboratory tests in three different conditions: 60-centimeter-long long piles with 20-centimeter-long short piles, 60-centimeter-long long piles with 30-centimeter-long short piles and 60-centimeter-long long piles with 60-centimeter-long short piles in this paper. Keeping the length of long piles 60 centimeters, conclusions were as follows: the axial force of long piles decreased a little with the increasing of short piles length and the axial force of short piles increased obviously with the increasing of short piles length; No matter how the length of short piles changed, long and short piles always followed the law that the value of axial force of corner piles were the largest, followed side piles and then center piles; The value of long and short piles skin friction both decreased with the increasing of short piles length; No matter how the length of short piles changed, long and short piles always followed the law that the utilization degree of the skin fiction of center piles were the largest, followed side piles and then corner piles.
{"title":"Model test study of impact of pile length on long-short piles composite foundation","authors":"X. Ge, X. Zhai, J. Xue, X. Bai","doi":"10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5775233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETCE.2011.5775233","url":null,"abstract":"In order to study the impact of pile length on the bearing properties of long-short piles composite foundation, distribution of the axial force and skin friction along pile, the bearing mechanics of long-short-pile composite foundation with long and short piles were studied based on laboratory tests in three different conditions: 60-centimeter-long long piles with 20-centimeter-long short piles, 60-centimeter-long long piles with 30-centimeter-long short piles and 60-centimeter-long long piles with 60-centimeter-long short piles in this paper. Keeping the length of long piles 60 centimeters, conclusions were as follows: the axial force of long piles decreased a little with the increasing of short piles length and the axial force of short piles increased obviously with the increasing of short piles length; No matter how the length of short piles changed, long and short piles always followed the law that the value of axial force of corner piles were the largest, followed side piles and then center piles; The value of long and short piles skin friction both decreased with the increasing of short piles length; No matter how the length of short piles changed, long and short piles always followed the law that the utilization degree of the skin fiction of center piles were the largest, followed side piles and then corner piles.","PeriodicalId":6340,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE)","volume":"49 1","pages":"2370-2374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83688029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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