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2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology最新文献

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Simultaneous Biohydrogen Production and Wastewater Treatment in Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) Using Beet Sugar Wastewater 连续搅拌槽式反应器(CSTR)同时产氢及处理甜菜糖废水
Pub Date : 2009-10-16 DOI: 10.1109/ICEET.2009.416
Gefu Zhu, Chaoxiang Liu, Guihua Xu, Jianzheng Li, Yanli Gao, Lijun Chen, Hai-cheng Liu
Biohydrogen production with simultaneous wastewater treatment was studied in continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) using beet sugar wastewater as substrate. Aerobic activated sludge was used as parent inoculum to startup the bioreactor. The reactor started up under the condition of influent COD concentration 4000 mg/L, pH 7, HRT 8h and (35±1)¿, with a biomass of 6.09 g/L activated sludge in term of volatile suspended solid (VSS). The reactor demonstrated stable performance with respect to biogas production and substrate degradation after 28 days of operation. Subsequently, the reactor was operated at OLR of 18 kgCOD/m3•day by the 53th day. During this phase of stable operation, the reactor also showed a COD removal efficiency of 45% and a specific H2 production of 76.64L/kgVSS¿d in the system. Experimental data documented the feasibility of molecular H2 generation along with substrate degradation from beet sugar wastewater during the bioreactor operation.
以甜菜糖废水为底物,在连续搅拌槽反应器(CSTR)中进行了污水同步处理制氢研究。以好氧活性污泥为母体接种物启动生物反应器。反应器在进水COD浓度4000 mg/L、pH 7、HRT 8h、(35±1)¿条件下启动,活性污泥挥发性悬浮物(VSS)生物量为6.09 g/L。经过28天的运行,反应器在产气和底物降解方面表现出稳定的性能。随后,反应器在第53天以18 kgCOD/m3•天的OLR运行。在此稳定运行阶段,反应器的COD去除率为45%,比H2产率为76.64L/kgVSS¿d。实验数据证明了生物反应器运行过程中分子制氢和底物降解的可行性。
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引用次数: 3
Application of Fly Ash Mixed with Electroplating Sludge and Activated Sudge Manufacture Ceramsite 粉煤灰与电镀污泥及活性污泥混合制备陶粒的应用
Pub Date : 2009-10-16 DOI: 10.1109/ICEET.2009.513
Bi Dao, Jingwen Zhang, Danli Xi, Bingkui Yin
This paper describes a laboratory study on ceramsite manufacture using electroplating sludge mixed with pulvized fly ash(PFA) and activated sludge. The extraction toxicity of electroplating sludge and the mixing scale of sintering materials were studied. An orthogonal test was conducted to select the best manufacturing conditions such as warm-up temperature, warm-up time, sintering temperature and sintering time. The test results reveal that the sintering temperature and sintering time are the two major effecting factors during the ceramsite preparation. The strongest ceramsite could be obtained at an optimal condition: the ratio of raw material scale at fly ash: electroplating sludge: activated sludge=85:10:5, warm-up temperature at 700¿, warm-up time at 15 minutes, sintering temperature at 1200¿, and sintering time at 30 minutes. The quality of the ceramsite produced at optimal condition complies with the referenced Chinese Standard (GB/T17431-1998). Accordingly, it can be concluded that the ceramsite made from electroplating sludge with fly ash and activated sludge is feasible and practicable. Comparing with traditional fly ash ceramsite methods, this method is considered to be more economic and effective in electroplating sludge safe disposal and fly ash ceramsites manufacturing.
本文介绍了利用电镀污泥与粉煤灰和活性污泥混合制备陶粒的实验室研究。研究了电镀污泥的萃取毒性和烧结材料的掺混比例。通过正交试验,优选出预热温度、预热时间、烧结温度、烧结时间等最佳工艺条件。实验结果表明,烧结温度和烧结时间是陶粒制备过程中的两个主要影响因素。在粉煤灰∶电镀污泥∶活性污泥∶85:10:5、预热温度为700℃、预热时间为15 min、烧结温度为1200℃、烧结时间为30 min的最佳条件下,可获得最强陶粒。在最佳条件下生产的陶粒质量符合国家标准(GB/T17431-1998)。由此可见,利用粉煤灰和活性污泥制备电镀污泥陶粒是可行的。与传统的粉煤灰陶粒处理方法相比,该方法在电镀污泥的安全处理和粉煤灰陶粒的生产中更为经济有效。
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引用次数: 1
Research on Coal Environmental Cost Optimization Strategy 煤炭环境成本优化策略研究
Pub Date : 2009-10-16 DOI: 10.1109/ICEET.2009.74
Wenyu Lu, Weiming Li
With an increase in the scale of society and the economy, coal environmental problems are becoming more serious and the environmental cost is increasing twofold. Environmental problems cause many social issues and economic losses for enterprises. The optimization of the environmental cost becomes more and more important. This paper analyzes the major types of coal environmental costs. Based on the premise: “Coal environmental cost is a kind of additional cost of coal production.” at first, this paper analyzes and researches the coal environmental cost level optimization; then, it studies the changes of coal environmental cost, which follow the environmental impact degree, by dividing into three intervals; later, it analyzes the coal environmental cost optimization strategy of different intervals. Finally, this paper analyzes the coal environmental cost condition optimization, and uses the guaranteed degree of social expectations environmental quality to choose reasonable optimization method.
随着社会经济规模的扩大,煤炭环境问题日益严重,环境成本成倍增长。环境问题给企业带来诸多社会问题和经济损失。环境成本的优化变得越来越重要。本文分析了煤炭环境成本的主要类型。基于“煤炭环境成本是煤炭生产的一种附加成本”这一前提。本文首先对煤炭环境成本水平优化进行了分析和研究;然后,将煤炭环境成本分为三个区间,研究了煤炭环境成本随环境影响程度的变化规律;然后,分析了不同区间的煤炭环境成本优化策略。最后,对煤炭环境成本条件进行了优化分析,并利用社会期望环境质量的保证程度来选择合理的优化方法。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Energy Efficiency Gains on Output with Computable General Equilibrium Model 基于可计算一般均衡模型的能源效率增益对产出的影响
Pub Date : 2009-10-16 DOI: 10.1109/ICEET.2009.111
Li Li, Dai Shiliang
This paper explores the inter-relationships between increased energy efficiency and other factors related to energy efficiency in economic system by using the causal-loop diagram which systematic dynamic method provided. Then, through establishing a computable general equilibrium model that considering the different industry departments with labor, capital and energy input, we measure the impact of increased energy efficiency on all production sectors. The results show that the economic output is quite different when energy efficiency grows, and both heavy industry and the construction industry get an obvious growing output, while agriculture, light industry, service industry and transportation industry have a little influence.
本文利用系统动力学方法提供的因果环图,探讨了经济系统中能源效率提高与其他与能源效率相关因素之间的相互关系。然后,通过建立考虑劳动力、资本和能源投入的不同行业部门的可计算一般均衡模型,衡量能源效率提高对所有生产部门的影响。结果表明,能源效率提高对经济产出的影响较大,重工业和建筑业的产出都有明显的增长,而农业、轻工业、服务业和交通运输业的产出影响较小。
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引用次数: 0
FDS Research on Smoke Control in the Stair Enclosure of a High-Rise Building Fire Event 高层建筑火灾楼梯围护结构烟气控制的FDS研究
Pub Date : 2009-10-16 DOI: 10.1109/ICEET.2009.483
Yao Haowei, Liang Dong, H. Zhijian, Sam Lee, Zhang Yiming, Chen Zepeng, He Bingyu
The paper briefly reviewed the methods of smoke control in a high-rise building fire accident and the research status of this topic. It shows that the stair enclosure, which is almost the only path for the building occupants to safely egress the building during a fire event in a high-rise building, plays a very important role in the performance based design of a high-rise building. Four fire scenarios of a stair enclosure, namely no measure, natural ventilation, pressurization and dilution, are simulated by FDS. The simulation results are compared and analysis to obtain the optimal solution. The further studies also address.
本文简要介绍了高层建筑火灾烟气控制的方法及本课题的研究现状。研究表明,楼梯围护结构在高层建筑的性能化设计中起着非常重要的作用,它几乎是高层建筑发生火灾时建筑人员安全撤离的唯一通道。利用FDS模拟了无措施、自然通风、加压和稀释四种楼梯围护结构火灾情景。对仿真结果进行了比较分析,得到了最优解。进一步的研究还涉及。
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引用次数: 0
Improving Efficiency of Steam Separators in Power Plant 提高电厂蒸汽分离器效率
Pub Date : 2009-10-16 DOI: 10.1109/ICEET.2009.177
Lichun Xiao, Zhijiang Ding, Qiang Li, Jing-fei Yang
In order to separate droplets from the steam, a new type steam separator with high efficiency in power plant is presented. An experimental model is established for determining the structure parameters and critical velocity of steam separator. Fibreglass filtering method is used for measuring the Separation efficiency of steam separator. The results show that separation efficiency of the steam separator with collecting hooks is higher than that of without it. The plate length of the steam separator has almost no effect on the separation efficiency. The turning angle of the separator is at 54º, the plate spacing is at 20 mm and the critical velocity is at 5 m/s to improve the efficiency. The water film adhering on the plate wall will break when the gas velocity is more than the critical velocity. The separation efficiency decreases and secondary liquid entrainment increases significantly. Separation efficiency of steam separator is high when moisture content of inlet gas is less than 30 g/m3, however, it is low when moisture content of that is more than 50 g/m3. The optimum structure parameters and empirical formula of separation efficiency can be obtained from the experimental analysis. It is beneficial to the industrial design of steam separator in power plant.
为了分离蒸汽中的液滴,提出了一种新型高效蒸汽分离器。为确定蒸汽分离器的结构参数和临界速度,建立了实验模型。采用玻璃纤维过滤法测定蒸汽分离器的分离效率。结果表明,带收集钩的蒸汽分离器的分离效率高于不带收集钩的蒸汽分离器。蒸汽分离器的板长对分离效率几乎没有影响。分离器的转角为54º,板间距为20 mm,临界速度为5 m/s,以提高效率。当气速大于临界速度时,附着在板壁上的水膜就会破裂。分离效率降低,二次携液量明显增加。当入口气体含水率小于30 g/m3时,蒸汽分离器的分离效率较高,当入口气体含水率大于50 g/m3时,分离效率较低。通过实验分析,得到了最佳结构参数和分离效率的经验公式。对电厂汽分离器的工业设计有一定的参考价值。
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引用次数: 4
Study on the Application of Solar Technology in Oilfield Multi-Purpose Station 太阳能技术在油田多用途站中的应用研究
Pub Date : 2009-10-16 DOI: 10.1109/ICEET.2009.95
Xiaoqing Li, Xiaoyan Liu, L. Lijun
This paper takes 10th multi-purpose station in fourth plant of Daqing oilfield as a research object. A solar heating system is designed. It consists of solar collectors array, heat exchangers, thermal storage water tanks and a control system. Procedure and operating principle of system is described in this paper. According to energy consumption for heating, second-stage furnace and output furnace, system heat load is calculated. Heat pipe vacuum tube solar heat collector is selected to raise system efficiency. There are two heat storage water tanks in the system. It can help to startup fast, to run and switch over between different behaviors automatically. This system is especially suitable for low temperature situation. Energy efficiency of this solar heating system is significant.
本文以大庆油田四厂十多用途站为研究对象。设计了太阳能供热系统。它由太阳能集热器阵列、热交换器、储热水箱和控制系统组成。本文介绍了该系统的程序和工作原理。根据加热炉、二段炉和输出炉的能耗,计算系统热负荷。采用热管式真空管太阳能集热器,提高系统效率。系统中有两个储热水箱。它可以帮助快速启动,运行和在不同行为之间自动切换。该系统特别适用于低温工况。这种太阳能加热系统的能源效率是显著的。
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引用次数: 1
The Study on Energy Saving and Output Enhancement of Pumping Well Based on the Theory of QFD/TRIZ 基于QFD/TRIZ理论的抽油井节能增产研究
Pub Date : 2009-10-16 DOI: 10.1109/ICEET.2009.115
P. Yong, Yang Wenhui, Wu Heng
For the shortage of the traditional analysis approach for saving energy and improving output of pumping well, applying the theory of QFD/TRIZ for the first time, the efficiency of the pumping system, output enhancement and related parameters have been analysed systematically for improving the operating efficiency of the pumping well and achieving saving energy and increasing output. The relationship of the factors that effect the operating efficiency of the pumping well has been obtained, including 50 parameters that be classified to 6 groups; the relationship of the factors effect the output enhancement of the pumping well has been obtained, which includes mainly 30 parameters that can be classified to 13 groups; the quality house for improving the operating efficiency and increasing the oil output of the pumping well and mainly 18 technological measures and weighings have been gained; the technical measurements of improving the efficiency and the output of the pumping well based on TRIZ theory have also been obtained.
针对传统抽油井节能增产分析方法的不足,首次应用QFD/TRIZ理论,对抽油井的效率、增产及相关参数进行了系统分析,以提高抽油井的运行效率,实现节能增产。得到了影响抽油井作业效率的因素之间的关系,包括50个参数,可分为6类;得到了影响抽油井增产的各因素之间的关系,主要包括30个参数,可分为13类;得出了提高抽油井作业效率、增加油井产量的质量依据,主要有18项技术措施和权衡;根据TRIZ理论,提出了提高抽油井效率和产量的技术措施。
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引用次数: 3
Study on Desulfurization of SO2 by Co3O4-γ-Al2O3 /ATP Desulphurizer Co3O4-γ-Al2O3 /ATP脱硫剂对SO2的脱硫研究
Pub Date : 2009-10-16 DOI: 10.1109/ICEET.2009.601
Z. Ting, Yu Shurong, W. Yi, Feng Hui-xia
A kind of new desulphurization agent Co3O4-γ-Al2O3/ATP, which was an composite desulphurization adsorbent that made of the mixture of γ-Al2O3(34%wt) and attapulgite(65%wt ,ATP, produced in Gansu Linze) and some additives(1%wt), and coated with the metal oxide(Co3O4), was studied. The influences of containing water rate and Co3O4 content of the Co3O4-γ-Al2O3 /ATP desulphurizer on SO2 desulphurization capability were also studied. According to the experiments, when Co3O4 content is about 3%~5%, and containing water rate of the desulphurizer is 15wt%˜30wt%, the desulphurization adsorbent has good adsorptivity and good desulphurization ability as a catalysis agent. Its sulfur tolerance is 19.74%, which is superior than that of CuO-γ-Al2O3/ATP and CuO/γ-Al2O3 desulphurizers.
研究了一种新型脱硫剂Co3O4-γ-Al2O3/ATP,它是由γ-Al2O3(34%wt)与甘肃临泽产的凹土(65%wt,ATP)和添加剂(1%wt)混合制成的复合脱硫吸附剂,并包覆金属氧化物(Co3O4)。研究了Co3O4-γ-Al2O3 /ATP脱硫剂的含水率和Co3O4含量对SO2脱硫性能的影响。实验结果表明,当Co3O4含量为3%~5%,脱硫剂含水率为15wt% ~ 30wt%时,脱硫吸附剂具有良好的吸附性能,作为催化剂具有良好的脱硫能力。其耐硫性能为19.74%,优于CuO-γ-Al2O3/ATP和CuO/γ-Al2O3脱硫剂。
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引用次数: 0
Toxic Gas Dispersion Modelling over Complex Terrains 复杂地形上的有毒气体扩散模型
Pub Date : 2009-10-16 DOI: 10.1109/ICEET.2009.499
Zhang Bo, Chen Guo-ming, Kong Ling-zhen
Accidental toxic gas leakage coming with large exploitation and production activities in the west mountainous area of China is calling for a precise environmental risk analysis method about the leakage and dispersion consequences over complex terrains. However, most studies use simplified models deal with flat terrain scenarios and cannot predict such complex phenomena. This article systematically presents a CFD based method for modelling toxic gas dispersion over complex terrain. First, use GIS data to generate CFD computation grid for complex terrain. Then, a three-step simulation strategy contains ambient wind farm construction, toxic gas leakage and dispersion has been presented. A case study of high sulfide natural gas accidental leakage and dispersion over a mountainous area of 7.2×4.5 km2 has also been carried out. The research demonstrates that the CFD approach of modelling toxic gas dispersion over complex terrain can predict dispersion and toxic consequences quantitatively. It can be widely used in problems concerned with environmental risk analysis over complex terrains.
中国西部山区大规模开采生产活动带来的有毒气体意外泄漏,需要一种精确的环境风险分析方法来分析复杂地形下的泄漏和扩散后果。然而,大多数研究使用的简化模型处理平坦地形场景,无法预测如此复杂的现象。本文系统地介绍了一种基于CFD的模拟复杂地形上有毒气体扩散的方法。首先,利用GIS数据生成复杂地形的CFD计算网格;然后,提出了一种包含环境风电场建设、有毒气体泄漏和扩散的三步模拟策略。还对7.2×4.5 km2山区的高硫化物天然气意外泄漏和扩散进行了案例研究。研究表明,模拟有毒气体在复杂地形上扩散的CFD方法可以定量预测扩散和毒性后果。它可以广泛应用于复杂地形环境风险分析问题。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology
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