The enhancement of SO2 absorption efficiencies in a wet flue gas desulfuriztion system are investigated and analyzed by adopting electrostatic spray. The SO2 absorption efficiencies with different liquid to gas ratios, Ca/S ratios and electrostatic voltages, are compared. The experiment data indicate an increment of 5-10% in SO2 removal efficiency could be obtained; the efficiency increases with the liquid to gas ratio, Ca/S ratio and electrostatic voltages adding, and the trend of increasing gradually becomes slow and stop. The theoretical analyses on WFGD by charged spray are carried out based on the electrostatic spray, double film, and reaction face theory. The analysis show that the charging droplets could advance the surface absorption characteristics, add the Ca2+ concentration on the droplets surface, minishing of droplets surface tension could reduce the mass transfer resistance between the droplets and flue gas. At the same time, droplets electrification and non-excess charge polarization enhance the mass transfer impulse force of droplets absorption SO2. Moreover, the charging droplets producing the second atomization could minish the droplets diameter and add the reacting surface, the droplets could distribute uniformity in the tower for the droplets provided with the same polarity charge. The SO2 absorption efficiency increasing is the complicated course under the above important factors.
{"title":"Experimental Investigation on Flue Gas Desulfurization by Electrostatic Spray","authors":"Wang Zhentao, Luo Tiqian","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.477","url":null,"abstract":"The enhancement of SO2 absorption efficiencies in a wet flue gas desulfuriztion system are investigated and analyzed by adopting electrostatic spray. The SO2 absorption efficiencies with different liquid to gas ratios, Ca/S ratios and electrostatic voltages, are compared. The experiment data indicate an increment of 5-10% in SO2 removal efficiency could be obtained; the efficiency increases with the liquid to gas ratio, Ca/S ratio and electrostatic voltages adding, and the trend of increasing gradually becomes slow and stop. The theoretical analyses on WFGD by charged spray are carried out based on the electrostatic spray, double film, and reaction face theory. The analysis show that the charging droplets could advance the surface absorption characteristics, add the Ca2+ concentration on the droplets surface, minishing of droplets surface tension could reduce the mass transfer resistance between the droplets and flue gas. At the same time, droplets electrification and non-excess charge polarization enhance the mass transfer impulse force of droplets absorption SO2. Moreover, the charging droplets producing the second atomization could minish the droplets diameter and add the reacting surface, the droplets could distribute uniformity in the tower for the droplets provided with the same polarity charge. The SO2 absorption efficiency increasing is the complicated course under the above important factors.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88369170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
At first, the article presented particularly the working theory of the system of ground source heat pump combined with floor radiant heating of capillary tube, the characteristic of soil layers and the arrangement form of capillary tube mat and the floor structure. And then, the specific experimental method was employed to study the ground heat exchanger performance of three wells of 90m depth, heating performance of heat hump unit and capillary tube mat and the characteristic of temperature change on the layer of capillary tube mat, the floor surface and indoor air. By search, some important conclusions were drawn that coefficient of performance COP of heat pump unit in heating mode is increased 13.4% when the average supply water temperature is 32.8¿ compared with 43.6¿ and the effect of energy conservation is apparent when the ground source heat pump provides low temperature hot water at 28-35¿ to floor radiant heating system of capillary tube for heating. In addition, heating capacity of floor radiant heating system of capillary tube was strong and its maximum heating volume was 255W/m2 during the heating course.
{"title":"Experimental Study on Operating Characteristic of the System of Ground Source Heat Pump Combined with Floor Radiant Heating of Capillary Tube","authors":"Yunzhun Fu, Yingling Cai, Jing Li, Yeyu Wang","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.166","url":null,"abstract":"At first, the article presented particularly the working theory of the system of ground source heat pump combined with floor radiant heating of capillary tube, the characteristic of soil layers and the arrangement form of capillary tube mat and the floor structure. And then, the specific experimental method was employed to study the ground heat exchanger performance of three wells of 90m depth, heating performance of heat hump unit and capillary tube mat and the characteristic of temperature change on the layer of capillary tube mat, the floor surface and indoor air. By search, some important conclusions were drawn that coefficient of performance COP of heat pump unit in heating mode is increased 13.4% when the average supply water temperature is 32.8¿ compared with 43.6¿ and the effect of energy conservation is apparent when the ground source heat pump provides low temperature hot water at 28-35¿ to floor radiant heating system of capillary tube for heating. In addition, heating capacity of floor radiant heating system of capillary tube was strong and its maximum heating volume was 255W/m2 during the heating course.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86266413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To develop a high effectiveness, reliable, cost-effective compact heat exchanger is one of the key issues for effective use of thermal energy. By stacking multilayered flat thin rectangular plates with a number of regular honeycomb cells etched inside, the well designed staggered fluid flow channels are formed to enhance heat transfer. For the cooling system with the new type design heat sink, experimental investigations were conducted under different flow rates and input heating powers. The heat power density of 15.7W/cm2 can effectively removed with a substrate temperature rise of 61.9¿ under 2.4W pump power. The results show that the heat sink design provides a good choice for electronic products cooling applications.
{"title":"Thermal Performance of the Multilayered Honeycomb Microchannel Heat Sink","authors":"Yonglu Liu, Xiaobing Luo, W. Liu, Z. Huang","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.124","url":null,"abstract":"To develop a high effectiveness, reliable, cost-effective compact heat exchanger is one of the key issues for effective use of thermal energy. By stacking multilayered flat thin rectangular plates with a number of regular honeycomb cells etched inside, the well designed staggered fluid flow channels are formed to enhance heat transfer. For the cooling system with the new type design heat sink, experimental investigations were conducted under different flow rates and input heating powers. The heat power density of 15.7W/cm2 can effectively removed with a substrate temperature rise of 61.9¿ under 2.4W pump power. The results show that the heat sink design provides a good choice for electronic products cooling applications.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82638501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The new-style dual stator-winding induction generator (DWIG) is presented in the field of wind power supply. The performances of the system operating with 1:2.5 speed range with wind power supply under no-load and rating-load are simulated. The designs of excited winding circuit are presented. The results show the good voltage performances and the large output power can be controlled.
{"title":"Research on Dual Stator--Winding Induction Generator with Wind Energy","authors":"Liu Lingshun, Zhangkai, H. Yuwen","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.197","url":null,"abstract":"The new-style dual stator-winding induction generator (DWIG) is presented in the field of wind power supply. The performances of the system operating with 1:2.5 speed range with wind power supply under no-load and rating-load are simulated. The designs of excited winding circuit are presented. The results show the good voltage performances and the large output power can be controlled.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86749821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, On the basis of analyzing the model of three-phase PWM rectifier for wind power grid-connected inverter, the mathematical model of the vector decoupling controlled PWM rectifier at three-phase synchronous rotating coordinate system is deduced. This paper proposes a novel vector decoupling control strategy, which consists of two control loop, i.e. outer voltage loop and inner current loop. It can realize decoupling control of active current and reactive current, thus the active power and reactive power can be regulated independently. PI regulators are used in voltage and current loop to achieve no static error control. Experimental results prove that the proposed rectifier has the satisfactory control performance, and it can achieve approximate unity power factor correction. The experiments also show that the efficiency of proposed rectifier is high, the reliability is well and its application is wide.
{"title":"Vector Decoupling Controlled PWM Rcetifier for Wind Power Grid-Connected Inverter","authors":"Housheng Zhang, Yanlei Zhao","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.329","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, On the basis of analyzing the model of three-phase PWM rectifier for wind power grid-connected inverter, the mathematical model of the vector decoupling controlled PWM rectifier at three-phase synchronous rotating coordinate system is deduced. This paper proposes a novel vector decoupling control strategy, which consists of two control loop, i.e. outer voltage loop and inner current loop. It can realize decoupling control of active current and reactive current, thus the active power and reactive power can be regulated independently. PI regulators are used in voltage and current loop to achieve no static error control. Experimental results prove that the proposed rectifier has the satisfactory control performance, and it can achieve approximate unity power factor correction. The experiments also show that the efficiency of proposed rectifier is high, the reliability is well and its application is wide.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86777498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The natural gas heater is an indispensable piece of equipment in natural gas production, transmission, and application systems and is widely used in gas wellhead, metering station, transfer station and gas power plant etc. As a special type of furnace, the natural gas heater adopts indirect heating through heat-transfer medium and is the important energy consumption equipment in natural gas industry. At a time when there is serious shortage of energy and energy-saving and efficiency enhancement is highly valued, more attention should be paid to how to improve the structure of the heater so as to reduce fuel consumption and protect the environment. The progresses achieved in the field of natural gas heater design were discussed. Especially for the weak point of not forming an effective heat transfer flow field in the large cylinder of natural gas heater, two effective optimizing arrangements of rotating the heating and cooling surfaces and setting baffles between the heating surfaces and cooling surfaces were brought forward to help the heat-transfer medium form a well-organized flow. As a result, the thermal efficiency of natural gas heater is improved, energy saved, and the consumption reduced. The above two technologies have been awarded patents in the People’s Republic of China.
{"title":"Research and Application of the Natural Gas Heater","authors":"Guo Yun, Cao Wei-wu","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.71","url":null,"abstract":"The natural gas heater is an indispensable piece of equipment in natural gas production, transmission, and application systems and is widely used in gas wellhead, metering station, transfer station and gas power plant etc. As a special type of furnace, the natural gas heater adopts indirect heating through heat-transfer medium and is the important energy consumption equipment in natural gas industry. At a time when there is serious shortage of energy and energy-saving and efficiency enhancement is highly valued, more attention should be paid to how to improve the structure of the heater so as to reduce fuel consumption and protect the environment. The progresses achieved in the field of natural gas heater design were discussed. Especially for the weak point of not forming an effective heat transfer flow field in the large cylinder of natural gas heater, two effective optimizing arrangements of rotating the heating and cooling surfaces and setting baffles between the heating surfaces and cooling surfaces were brought forward to help the heat-transfer medium form a well-organized flow. As a result, the thermal efficiency of natural gas heater is improved, energy saved, and the consumption reduced. The above two technologies have been awarded patents in the People’s Republic of China.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91538387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to solve the problem of supercooling and phase segregation of sodium acetate trihydrate during solidification, it is necessary to add appropriate nucleating agent and thickeners. Five commonly used nucleating agents, i.e. Na2HPO4¿12H2O, Na3PO4¿12H2O, Na2CO3¿10H2O, Na2SiO3¿9H2O and Na2B4O7¿10H2O, three thickeners, including carboxymethyl cellulose and gelatin, and polyacrylamide were selected as additives to improve the phase-change energy storage property after the research and comparison. Sodium acetate trihydrate as an energy storage medium, nucleating agent and thickeners were assorted randomly to configure sample. The heat storage-release experiment was conducted. Finally several effective additives are developed, and the mass ratio of these formulas were studied experimentally. The best two dosage formulations were found.
{"title":"A Selection and Optimization Experimental Study of Additives to Thermal Energy Storage Material Sodium Acetate Trihydrate","authors":"J. Mao, Jing Li, Guanzhong Peng, Jintian Li","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.11","url":null,"abstract":"In order to solve the problem of supercooling and phase segregation of sodium acetate trihydrate during solidification, it is necessary to add appropriate nucleating agent and thickeners. Five commonly used nucleating agents, i.e. Na2HPO4¿12H2O, Na3PO4¿12H2O, Na2CO3¿10H2O, Na2SiO3¿9H2O and Na2B4O7¿10H2O, three thickeners, including carboxymethyl cellulose and gelatin, and polyacrylamide were selected as additives to improve the phase-change energy storage property after the research and comparison. Sodium acetate trihydrate as an energy storage medium, nucleating agent and thickeners were assorted randomly to configure sample. The heat storage-release experiment was conducted. Finally several effective additives are developed, and the mass ratio of these formulas were studied experimentally. The best two dosage formulations were found.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91542523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nitrous oxide production in different influent COD/N ratios was investigated in lab-scale batch reactors using nitrite and nitrate as different electron acceptors, adding ethanol as external carbon source. The results showed that the maximum production of N2O was 1.91% (nitrite) and 0.48% (nitrate) of influent nitrogen, whereas 0.22% (nitrite) and 0.31% (nitrate) in the optimal influent COD/N ratio. Taking the effluent water quality and the minimum N2O production into account, the experiments suggested that the optimal influent COD/N ratio was 2.7-4.3 (nitrite) and 5.2-6.8 (nitrate). Furthermore, the results also demonstrated that the limited availability of electron donor resulted in nitrite accumulation which leaded to high N2O production. Hence, In order to reduce the production of N2O, it’s important to control influent COD/N ratio in an optimal value to avoid the accumulation of nitrite.
{"title":"Effect of Influent COD/N Ratio on Nitrous Oxide Production during Denitrification Using Different Electron Acceptors","authors":"Zhang Jingrong, W. Shuying","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.362","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrous oxide production in different influent COD/N ratios was investigated in lab-scale batch reactors using nitrite and nitrate as different electron acceptors, adding ethanol as external carbon source. The results showed that the maximum production of N2O was 1.91% (nitrite) and 0.48% (nitrate) of influent nitrogen, whereas 0.22% (nitrite) and 0.31% (nitrate) in the optimal influent COD/N ratio. Taking the effluent water quality and the minimum N2O production into account, the experiments suggested that the optimal influent COD/N ratio was 2.7-4.3 (nitrite) and 5.2-6.8 (nitrate). Furthermore, the results also demonstrated that the limited availability of electron donor resulted in nitrite accumulation which leaded to high N2O production. Hence, In order to reduce the production of N2O, it’s important to control influent COD/N ratio in an optimal value to avoid the accumulation of nitrite.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83683273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The design of performance testing system for train air conditioning was done according to the NATIONAL STANDARD TB/T 1804-2003. The cooling capacity was measured by means of air enthalpy difference method. The hardware part of the test system consists of data collection unit and test instrument, while the software is programmed with Visual Basic 6.0, accompanied with the Microsoft Access database. The PLC unit and the touch screen are employed for local control of the system to achieve precise adjustment to the temperature and humidity of environmental chamber, the speed and flow of air. In view of the system characteristics of complex nonlinearity and being difficult to control exactly, test system adopts a fuzzy PID control based on plc to control experimental parameters such as temperature and humidity.
{"title":"Design of Performance Testing System for Train Air Conditioning","authors":"Zhang Liang, L. Jianhua, Wu Ruofei, Gong Xiaobin","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.27","url":null,"abstract":"The design of performance testing system for train air conditioning was done according to the NATIONAL STANDARD TB/T 1804-2003. The cooling capacity was measured by means of air enthalpy difference method. The hardware part of the test system consists of data collection unit and test instrument, while the software is programmed with Visual Basic 6.0, accompanied with the Microsoft Access database. The PLC unit and the touch screen are employed for local control of the system to achieve precise adjustment to the temperature and humidity of environmental chamber, the speed and flow of air. In view of the system characteristics of complex nonlinearity and being difficult to control exactly, test system adopts a fuzzy PID control based on plc to control experimental parameters such as temperature and humidity.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83749445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the previous stability analysis under small disturbance of the hydropower stations, there are some different regulation modes to be used. In order to analyze the regulation performance accurately and the effect of different regulation modes on system stability under small disturbance, the corresponding state equations are built according to different governor model for a given single-pipe and single-unit hydropower station, eigenvalue analysis is investigated and further dynamic process under small load disturbance is computed for further comparative analysis of regulation performance analysis. The results indicated that, the regulation performance has obvious difference with different regulation mode, and frequency regulation mode is a reasonable one for stability analysis under small disturbance.
{"title":"Effect Analysis of Regulation Mode on Small Disturbance Stability in Hydropower Stations","authors":"Zhou Jian-xu, Hu Rong, Cao Qing","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.153","url":null,"abstract":"In the previous stability analysis under small disturbance of the hydropower stations, there are some different regulation modes to be used. In order to analyze the regulation performance accurately and the effect of different regulation modes on system stability under small disturbance, the corresponding state equations are built according to different governor model for a given single-pipe and single-unit hydropower station, eigenvalue analysis is investigated and further dynamic process under small load disturbance is computed for further comparative analysis of regulation performance analysis. The results indicated that, the regulation performance has obvious difference with different regulation mode, and frequency regulation mode is a reasonable one for stability analysis under small disturbance.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83178348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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