Wenjiao Qian, Yili Li, W. Liang, Jing-xin Li, Jingjing Tian
An activated carbon derived from sewage sludge was prepared by orthogonal test, and it had a BET surface area of 300.90 m2/g. A new dechlorinating agent using the activated carbon as the main active component was studied. The agent had a breakthrough chlorine content of 19.38% and a saturated chlorine content of 37.32% (under conditions of 200 ¿, 3000 h-1 space velocity, 0.45~0.90 mm particle size and 5120~5423 mg/m3 input concentration). The effects of space velocity, temperature and particle size on the HCl-removal behavior of the sorbent and the saturation curve ware also studied in this paper.
{"title":"Study on a New Dechlorinating Agent Based on Sewage Sludge","authors":"Wenjiao Qian, Yili Li, W. Liang, Jing-xin Li, Jingjing Tian","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.597","url":null,"abstract":"An activated carbon derived from sewage sludge was prepared by orthogonal test, and it had a BET surface area of 300.90 m2/g. A new dechlorinating agent using the activated carbon as the main active component was studied. The agent had a breakthrough chlorine content of 19.38% and a saturated chlorine content of 37.32% (under conditions of 200 ¿, 3000 h-1 space velocity, 0.45~0.90 mm particle size and 5120~5423 mg/m3 input concentration). The effects of space velocity, temperature and particle size on the HCl-removal behavior of the sorbent and the saturation curve ware also studied in this paper.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85963150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Air supply is very important in coal mine, but it is difficult to maintain proper air pressure for reason of non-linear and large time-delay of air supplying system. A hybrid controller combined Fuzzy-PID and Smith predictive model is proposed after careful analysis, the controller can compensate large delay time and change the big delay time into small one, can adjust PID parameters online by Fuzzy logic. simulation indicates that its tracking precision and converging speed are high, ability of fitting model mismatch is strong, practical results demonstrate that it works better than segment PID, Variation of air pressure is limited into a range of ±2KPa.
{"title":"Controller Design for Constant Air Pressure","authors":"Hua Huiming, Liu Hesheng, L. Guoping","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.524","url":null,"abstract":"Air supply is very important in coal mine, but it is difficult to maintain proper air pressure for reason of non-linear and large time-delay of air supplying system. A hybrid controller combined Fuzzy-PID and Smith predictive model is proposed after careful analysis, the controller can compensate large delay time and change the big delay time into small one, can adjust PID parameters online by Fuzzy logic. simulation indicates that its tracking precision and converging speed are high, ability of fitting model mismatch is strong, practical results demonstrate that it works better than segment PID, Variation of air pressure is limited into a range of ±2KPa.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85963634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The adsorption of acid dyes by diatomite was investigated using Brilliant Scarlet 3R (NSK). Adsorption of this textile dyes onto diatomite earth sample was studied by batch adsorption techniques at varying temperatures 298K, 309K, 318K, 328K. The adsorption behavior of textile dye on diatomite samples was investigated using a UV–vis spectrophotometric technique. The adsorption processes follow the pseudo second–order model, and adsorption coverage over the surface of diatomite was studied using two well-known isotherm models: Langmuir’s and Freundlich’s. These results suggest that the dye adsorption isotherms fit well to Freundlich and Langmuir equation. The Freundlich equation 1/n between 0.3636 and 0.879 indicates favorable adsorption. The main driving forces of adsorption are electrostatic attraction and van der waals force. These results show that natural diatomite holds great potential to remove textile dyes from wastewater.
{"title":"Adsorption of Brilliant Scarlet 3R by Natural Diatomite","authors":"Shaohua He, Zhipan Gu, Jing Liu, Shuibo Xie","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.335","url":null,"abstract":"The adsorption of acid dyes by diatomite was investigated using Brilliant Scarlet 3R (NSK). Adsorption of this textile dyes onto diatomite earth sample was studied by batch adsorption techniques at varying temperatures 298K, 309K, 318K, 328K. The adsorption behavior of textile dye on diatomite samples was investigated using a UV–vis spectrophotometric technique. The adsorption processes follow the pseudo second–order model, and adsorption coverage over the surface of diatomite was studied using two well-known isotherm models: Langmuir’s and Freundlich’s. These results suggest that the dye adsorption isotherms fit well to Freundlich and Langmuir equation. The Freundlich equation 1/n between 0.3636 and 0.879 indicates favorable adsorption. The main driving forces of adsorption are electrostatic attraction and van der waals force. These results show that natural diatomite holds great potential to remove textile dyes from wastewater.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85995093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The common disposal methods for acceptable urban solid waste (USW) in China are open dump and sanitary landfill, which will definitely bring problems like environmental pollution, resource waste and land occupation etc.. Categorized collection is one of the best way to solve the problems and also the primary prerequisite of resource utilization of the waste. The objective of this study is to carry out a survey of urban solid waste generation and composition from 2004 to 2006 in Shanghai, the most developed city of China. By applying the economic mathematic method, the USW categorized collection model is established, the cost and benefit of the mixed collection and classified collection are analyzed and evaluated. The result shows that it is feasible to collect the USW by classification, which may simplify the waste disposal procedure, improve the resource recovery rate, save social cost and achieve favorable economic returns. In a word, it is a scientific and effective method to realize the quantitative reduction and resource recovery of USW.
{"title":"Economic Cost-Benefit Analysis on Urban Solid Waste Categorized Collection of China","authors":"Sijing Feng, Yundong Ma, Ying Jiang","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.532","url":null,"abstract":"The common disposal methods for acceptable urban solid waste (USW) in China are open dump and sanitary landfill, which will definitely bring problems like environmental pollution, resource waste and land occupation etc.. Categorized collection is one of the best way to solve the problems and also the primary prerequisite of resource utilization of the waste. The objective of this study is to carry out a survey of urban solid waste generation and composition from 2004 to 2006 in Shanghai, the most developed city of China. By applying the economic mathematic method, the USW categorized collection model is established, the cost and benefit of the mixed collection and classified collection are analyzed and evaluated. The result shows that it is feasible to collect the USW by classification, which may simplify the waste disposal procedure, improve the resource recovery rate, save social cost and achieve favorable economic returns. In a word, it is a scientific and effective method to realize the quantitative reduction and resource recovery of USW.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77141333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on the analysis of the mechanism of the falling film evaporation and the falling film condensation, a new solar desalination system with three effect regeneration was made. The simulation experiment of the system was worked out in the steady condition, the fresh water yield rate and performance radio under the different temperatures was given. According to the experimental results, not only the dynamic simulation matching of solar collection system was researched, but also design parameter of the whole system was optimized and the improving design was provided in the paper. At last, the other effluence factors on the fresh water yield rate was researched and analyzed. Their reasonable range was given.
{"title":"Performance Optimization of a Stand-Up Solar Desalination System with Three Effect Regeneration Based on the Steady Experiment","authors":"Xie Guo, Z. Hong-fei","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.396","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the analysis of the mechanism of the falling film evaporation and the falling film condensation, a new solar desalination system with three effect regeneration was made. The simulation experiment of the system was worked out in the steady condition, the fresh water yield rate and performance radio under the different temperatures was given. According to the experimental results, not only the dynamic simulation matching of solar collection system was researched, but also design parameter of the whole system was optimized and the improving design was provided in the paper. At last, the other effluence factors on the fresh water yield rate was researched and analyzed. Their reasonable range was given.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85450159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aiming at existing problems of the traditional tape transfer machine .The fault location system based on CAN bus was studied for long distance tape transfer machine. The research and indicate that adopting CAN bus as information carrier can extend the communication distance and reduce the wiring of fault location system. The fault location system based on CAN bus is suitable for the application in the long distance tape transfer machine.
{"title":"Fault Location System for Safety Monitoring Based on CAN Bus","authors":"Zong Ming, Cui Yan","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.273","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming at existing problems of the traditional tape transfer machine .The fault location system based on CAN bus was studied for long distance tape transfer machine. The research and indicate that adopting CAN bus as information carrier can extend the communication distance and reduce the wiring of fault location system. The fault location system based on CAN bus is suitable for the application in the long distance tape transfer machine.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85892726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A kind of remote sewage monitor system is designed with the ARM as the core controller in order to help our environment supervision department urges the manufacturers together with factories to pollute the environment as little as possible. The system collects sorts of indexes including pH, flow-rate, temperature, hardness, turbidity, salinity, and nitrogen as well as ammonia dissolved in water per unit volume by different sensors, and all the information then are converted into the right signal which will be not only transported to the distant computer via the public telephone net or by the GSM wireless transmission way, but also written into the SD memory-card when the SD memory-card inserted into the SPI connector. The system also can alarm when it finds data exceeds the national standard by sending messages. Practical run shows the system is well realized the function of remote data transmission, exceeding-standard-alarming, and data storage. The precision of system is accordance with the requirement of the environment supervision department.
{"title":"Development of Remote Sewage Monitor System","authors":"Zhao Xiaoqiang, Zhang Zuhou, Li Mengfan, Wu Lei","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.359","url":null,"abstract":"A kind of remote sewage monitor system is designed with the ARM as the core controller in order to help our environment supervision department urges the manufacturers together with factories to pollute the environment as little as possible. The system collects sorts of indexes including pH, flow-rate, temperature, hardness, turbidity, salinity, and nitrogen as well as ammonia dissolved in water per unit volume by different sensors, and all the information then are converted into the right signal which will be not only transported to the distant computer via the public telephone net or by the GSM wireless transmission way, but also written into the SD memory-card when the SD memory-card inserted into the SPI connector. The system also can alarm when it finds data exceeds the national standard by sending messages. Practical run shows the system is well realized the function of remote data transmission, exceeding-standard-alarming, and data storage. The precision of system is accordance with the requirement of the environment supervision department.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77425705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yishu Zhao, Yang Gao, Zhijian Hu, Yongjun Yang, J. Zhan, Yan Zhang
A Fractional Order PID (FOPID) controller to damp inter area oscillations of power systems is studied. FOPID is a PID whose derivative and integral orders are fractional rather than integer. The difficulty of design a FOPID controller is how to determine the five key parameters of FOPID. This paper uses Genetic Algorithm Particle Swarm Optimization (GAPSO) algorithm to design the FOPID controller. A new cost function is defined to facilitate the control strategies over the time domain specifications. Comparisons with a conventional PID controller are made and it is shown that the proposed FOPID controller can highly improve the system robustness with respect to model uncertainties.
{"title":"Damping Inter Area Oscillations of Power Systems by a Fractional Order PID Controller","authors":"Yishu Zhao, Yang Gao, Zhijian Hu, Yongjun Yang, J. Zhan, Yan Zhang","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.262","url":null,"abstract":"A Fractional Order PID (FOPID) controller to damp inter area oscillations of power systems is studied. FOPID is a PID whose derivative and integral orders are fractional rather than integer. The difficulty of design a FOPID controller is how to determine the five key parameters of FOPID. This paper uses Genetic Algorithm Particle Swarm Optimization (GAPSO) algorithm to design the FOPID controller. A new cost function is defined to facilitate the control strategies over the time domain specifications. Comparisons with a conventional PID controller are made and it is shown that the proposed FOPID controller can highly improve the system robustness with respect to model uncertainties.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77794089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Q. Ma, Qinhui Wang, Long Han, Chun-jiang Yu, Zhong-yang Luo
Due to the global warming and energy crisis, the utilization of biomass in zero emission system has aroused more attention. In this study, the effect of catalyst CaO on sawdust pyrolysis was investigated using a thermogravimetric analyzer coupled with Fourier transform infrared analyzer (TG-FTIR). The thermogravimetric analysis showed that the characteristics of sawdust pyrolysis were affected by CaO addition, which presented two main stages of volatile releasing and increased residue yield. With increasing CaO addition, the weight loss in the first main stage decreased but that in the second stage increased, and the pyrolysis reaction moved to higher temperatures. With increasing heating rate, the weight loss in the first main stage decreased and the reaction shifted to lower temperatures.
{"title":"TG-FTIR Analysis on Sawdust Catalytic Pyrolysis with CaO","authors":"Q. Ma, Qinhui Wang, Long Han, Chun-jiang Yu, Zhong-yang Luo","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.614","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the global warming and energy crisis, the utilization of biomass in zero emission system has aroused more attention. In this study, the effect of catalyst CaO on sawdust pyrolysis was investigated using a thermogravimetric analyzer coupled with Fourier transform infrared analyzer (TG-FTIR). The thermogravimetric analysis showed that the characteristics of sawdust pyrolysis were affected by CaO addition, which presented two main stages of volatile releasing and increased residue yield. With increasing CaO addition, the weight loss in the first main stage decreased but that in the second stage increased, and the pyrolysis reaction moved to higher temperatures. With increasing heating rate, the weight loss in the first main stage decreased and the reaction shifted to lower temperatures.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77987849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The biogas has important practical significance in solving the energy crisis as a kind of clean, renewable biological energy of ground. As the large-scale concentratedness of the biogas is produced, the liquefaction of the biogas is extremely urgent in technical research in China. According to the characteristic of the biogas, on the basis of mature natural gas purification and liquefaction technology, this paper discussed the small-scale biogas liquefaction system of the double purposes to purification, liquefaction and recovery of liquefied CO2. This paper provides the liquefaction biogas plant process chart, and system analysis, and the effects on the key parameters. Furthermore, the thermal parameters of the liquefaction cycle are presented. Finally, the economic investment of 5000Nm3•d small-scale biogas liquefaction cycle is emphatically analyzed, and the conclusion is that the payback period of the investment on the biogas liquefaction equipments is only 2.63 years. The result provides guidelines for the project feasibility analysis and design of the small-scale biogas liquefaction device.
{"title":"Scheme Design and Analysis on Biogas Liquefaction System","authors":"Q. Fan, H. Y. Li, Q. Yin, J. S. Cui, L. Jia","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.201","url":null,"abstract":"The biogas has important practical significance in solving the energy crisis as a kind of clean, renewable biological energy of ground. As the large-scale concentratedness of the biogas is produced, the liquefaction of the biogas is extremely urgent in technical research in China. According to the characteristic of the biogas, on the basis of mature natural gas purification and liquefaction technology, this paper discussed the small-scale biogas liquefaction system of the double purposes to purification, liquefaction and recovery of liquefied CO2. This paper provides the liquefaction biogas plant process chart, and system analysis, and the effects on the key parameters. Furthermore, the thermal parameters of the liquefaction cycle are presented. Finally, the economic investment of 5000Nm3•d small-scale biogas liquefaction cycle is emphatically analyzed, and the conclusion is that the payback period of the investment on the biogas liquefaction equipments is only 2.63 years. The result provides guidelines for the project feasibility analysis and design of the small-scale biogas liquefaction device.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79963785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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