In order to save operating costs of sewage treatment plant, the SBR process was investigated with low DO condition by means of real-time control. when the reaction temperature was 21±0.5, aeration rate was 30 L/h, the pH, DO and ORP probe were monitored online and the real-time control strategy has been set up. The results showed that the variation of DO increased slowly in the first 145 minutes and then began to increase sharply until the end of the reaction, this period lasted for approximately 25 minutes and DO was 1.98 mg/L at last. When the DO increased sharply, NH4+-N in the system was completely removed. When the reaction time was 93min, the pH was the maximum. At this time, PO43--P in the reactor was completely removed, and this feature was helpful to remove phosphorus of the system by the real-time control. But this time there is no obvious change for the ammonia nitrogen and COD. And NO3--N has some accumulation. The variation of ORP remained decreasing during the anoxic period, and it began to increase since aeration until reached the positive value. When ORP was at the value of 0, the COD in the system met with the wastewater effluent standards but this feature was not very steady. Through the above online monitoring methods, the real-time control strategy has been set up in the process of wastewater treatment with low DO condition, and this method could save the energy.
{"title":"Real-time Control with Low DO Concentration in SBR Process","authors":"Sun Xingbin, Hou Zhaochao, Zuo Jin-long","doi":"10.1109/CESCE.2010.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CESCE.2010.31","url":null,"abstract":"In order to save operating costs of sewage treatment plant, the SBR process was investigated with low DO condition by means of real-time control. when the reaction temperature was 21±0.5, aeration rate was 30 L/h, the pH, DO and ORP probe were monitored online and the real-time control strategy has been set up. The results showed that the variation of DO increased slowly in the first 145 minutes and then began to increase sharply until the end of the reaction, this period lasted for approximately 25 minutes and DO was 1.98 mg/L at last. When the DO increased sharply, NH4+-N in the system was completely removed. When the reaction time was 93min, the pH was the maximum. At this time, PO43--P in the reactor was completely removed, and this feature was helpful to remove phosphorus of the system by the real-time control. But this time there is no obvious change for the ammonia nitrogen and COD. And NO3--N has some accumulation. The variation of ORP remained decreasing during the anoxic period, and it began to increase since aeration until reached the positive value. When ORP was at the value of 0, the COD in the system met with the wastewater effluent standards but this feature was not very steady. Through the above online monitoring methods, the real-time control strategy has been set up in the process of wastewater treatment with low DO condition, and this method could save the energy.","PeriodicalId":6371,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Challenges in Environmental Science and Computer Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91037813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The potential of wheat straw as raw materials for ethanol production was investigated. Ethanol cooking at 190 ¿ for 60 min was adopted as pretreatment method for dilute sulfuric acid impregnated wheat straw. The pretreated wheat straw was used as substrate for the production of ethanol by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) through orthogonal experiment design in the present study. The in¿uence of different parameters in SSF, such as reaction temperature, substrate concentration, initial medium pH and enzyme concentration, on the ethanol concentration and yield was investigated and the SSF conditions were optimized. The ranking, from high to low, of influential extent of the SSF affecting factors to ethanol concentration and yield was substrate concentration, enzyme loading, initial fermentation liquid pH value, reaction temperature, orderly. The optimum SSF condition was 35¿ for reaction temperature, 100 gl-1 for substrate concentration, 5.0 for initial fermentation liquid pH value, 30 FPUg-1 for enzyme loading. Under the optimum SSF condition, 23.1 gl-1 of the ethanol concentration and 68.2% of the ethanol yield were obtained respectively after 72 h.
研究了麦秸作为乙醇生产原料的潜力。采用190℃乙醇蒸煮60 min的预处理方法对稀硫酸浸渍麦秸进行预处理。本研究以预处理后的麦秸为底物，通过正交试验设计，采用同步糖化发酵法生产乙醇。考察了反应温度、底物浓度、初始培养基pH和酶浓度等参数对乙醇浓度和产率的影响，并优化了反应条件。SSF影响因素对乙醇浓度和产率的影响程度由高到低依次为底物浓度、酶载量、发酵液初始pH值、反应温度。SSF的最佳条件为反应温度35℃，底物浓度100 gl-1，发酵液初始pH值5.0，酶载量30 fug -1。在最佳SSF条件下，72 h后乙醇浓度为23.1 g / 1，乙醇收率为68.2%。
{"title":"Bioethanol Production Based on Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation of Wheat Straw","authors":"Peng Luo, Zhong Liu","doi":"10.1109/CESCE.2010.191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CESCE.2010.191","url":null,"abstract":"The potential of wheat straw as raw materials for ethanol production was investigated. Ethanol cooking at 190 ¿ for 60 min was adopted as pretreatment method for dilute sulfuric acid impregnated wheat straw. The pretreated wheat straw was used as substrate for the production of ethanol by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) through orthogonal experiment design in the present study. The in¿uence of different parameters in SSF, such as reaction temperature, substrate concentration, initial medium pH and enzyme concentration, on the ethanol concentration and yield was investigated and the SSF conditions were optimized. The ranking, from high to low, of influential extent of the SSF affecting factors to ethanol concentration and yield was substrate concentration, enzyme loading, initial fermentation liquid pH value, reaction temperature, orderly. The optimum SSF condition was 35¿ for reaction temperature, 100 gl-1 for substrate concentration, 5.0 for initial fermentation liquid pH value, 30 FPUg-1 for enzyme loading. Under the optimum SSF condition, 23.1 gl-1 of the ethanol concentration and 68.2% of the ethanol yield were obtained respectively after 72 h.","PeriodicalId":6371,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Challenges in Environmental Science and Computer Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88702258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feng Wang, Lingyu Kong, Dong-yao Zou, Ying-shan Ai
To guarantee the grain’s safe storage, it’s necessary to strictly control the stored-grain’s internal and external influence factors such as temperature, moisture, humidity and pests. The application of information fusion techniques on monitoring and controlling system of stored-grain condition is a useful consideration. In this paper, a new method based on multi-parameter and two stage information fusion techniques is proposed. In the process of fusion, the BP neural network technique and D-S evidence theory are mainly applied. This method,characterized by sufficiently utilizing the effective detected condition data, optimizing homogeneous data and considering the complementation of the different data source, improves the whole stored-grain condition’s monitoring and control system’s reliability.
{"title":"Application of Multi-sensor Information Fusion on Monitoring and Controlling System of Stored-grain Condition","authors":"Feng Wang, Lingyu Kong, Dong-yao Zou, Ying-shan Ai","doi":"10.1109/CESCE.2010.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CESCE.2010.86","url":null,"abstract":"To guarantee the grain’s safe storage, it’s necessary to strictly control the stored-grain’s internal and external influence factors such as temperature, moisture, humidity and pests. The application of information fusion techniques on monitoring and controlling system of stored-grain condition is a useful consideration. In this paper, a new method based on multi-parameter and two stage information fusion techniques is proposed. In the process of fusion, the BP neural network technique and D-S evidence theory are mainly applied. This method,characterized by sufficiently utilizing the effective detected condition data, optimizing homogeneous data and considering the complementation of the different data source, improves the whole stored-grain condition’s monitoring and control system’s reliability.","PeriodicalId":6371,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Challenges in Environmental Science and Computer Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86375621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the project of sewage treatment in Qingdao Liuting International Airport as the case, through the analysis on pollutant removal effect, effluent quality, investment and costs, feasibility of A/O-MBR process is comprehensively studied from such two aspects as technology and economy. The optimum operation conditions of A/O-MBR process are preliminarily discussed from such two elements as power consumption and membrane replacement, which looks forward to viable solutions and broad prospects for the future.
{"title":"Tech-economic Analysis on Anoxic/Oxic Membrane Bioreactor (A/O-MBR) for Domestic Wastewater Treatment","authors":"Zhiqiang Liu, Junying Wang, Cheng‐Pang Wang","doi":"10.1109/CESCE.2010.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CESCE.2010.209","url":null,"abstract":"With the project of sewage treatment in Qingdao Liuting International Airport as the case, through the analysis on pollutant removal effect, effluent quality, investment and costs, feasibility of A/O-MBR process is comprehensively studied from such two aspects as technology and economy. The optimum operation conditions of A/O-MBR process are preliminarily discussed from such two elements as power consumption and membrane replacement, which looks forward to viable solutions and broad prospects for the future.","PeriodicalId":6371,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Challenges in Environmental Science and Computer Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84642019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper mainly introduces the features of the shape control system of the new ultra-thin strip production line in tangshan iron and steel group Co. Ltd. Advanced shape control technology in the world has been adoped in this production line. The article mainly introduces the characteristics of the product line on equipment and control means, and emphasizes on the new thoughts of the control system in the line.
{"title":"Analysis on Shape Control System of UTRA 1810 Thin Strip Production Line in Tangshan Iron and Steel CO.LTD","authors":"Dongyan Cui, Ruiqiang Li","doi":"10.1109/CESCE.2010.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CESCE.2010.76","url":null,"abstract":"The paper mainly introduces the features of the shape control system of the new ultra-thin strip production line in tangshan iron and steel group Co. Ltd. Advanced shape control technology in the world has been adoped in this production line. The article mainly introduces the characteristics of the product line on equipment and control means, and emphasizes on the new thoughts of the control system in the line.","PeriodicalId":6371,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Challenges in Environmental Science and Computer Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89328675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) has the special advantage in multi-indexes evaluation, and geographical information system (GIS) is good at spatial analysis. Combining AHP with GIS provides an effective means for studies of regional environmental carrying capacity (ECC) evaluation. Aiming at the regional features of ecosystem of Shaanxi Province, the synthetic evaluation index system is set up including eco-elastic force, resource carrying capacity and environment carrying capacity factors. Supported by GIS, taking the city as the evaluation unit, the information system database of ECC of Shaanxi Province is established. Based on the database and evaluation system, AHP, ECC evaluation index method and spatial analysis are integrated into the ECC evaluation in the study area. The results showed that only 23% of the total land area in Shaanxi Province maintains a good or better grade of the ECC. However, 50% of the total area is of a bad or worse grade of ECC. From the spatial distribution, the ECC gradually decreased from the south to the north with exception in a few areas, which presented the obvious characteristics of terrain. It is concluded that the current status of the integral ECC of Shaanxi Province is in the bad level, and highly intense human activities speeded up the degradation of regional ecosystem in recent years.
{"title":"Combining AHP with GIS for Evaluating Environmental Carrying Capacity in Shaanxi Province, China","authors":"Lijun Zhang, Jianhua Xu","doi":"10.1109/CESCE.2010.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CESCE.2010.25","url":null,"abstract":"The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) has the special advantage in multi-indexes evaluation, and geographical information system (GIS) is good at spatial analysis. Combining AHP with GIS provides an effective means for studies of regional environmental carrying capacity (ECC) evaluation. Aiming at the regional features of ecosystem of Shaanxi Province, the synthetic evaluation index system is set up including eco-elastic force, resource carrying capacity and environment carrying capacity factors. Supported by GIS, taking the city as the evaluation unit, the information system database of ECC of Shaanxi Province is established. Based on the database and evaluation system, AHP, ECC evaluation index method and spatial analysis are integrated into the ECC evaluation in the study area. The results showed that only 23% of the total land area in Shaanxi Province maintains a good or better grade of the ECC. However, 50% of the total area is of a bad or worse grade of ECC. From the spatial distribution, the ECC gradually decreased from the south to the north with exception in a few areas, which presented the obvious characteristics of terrain. It is concluded that the current status of the integral ECC of Shaanxi Province is in the bad level, and highly intense human activities speeded up the degradation of regional ecosystem in recent years.","PeriodicalId":6371,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Challenges in Environmental Science and Computer Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87806043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Three fractal methods are applied to the time-scaling properties analysis of water COD series from Poyang Lake Inlet and Outlet in China. The results show that these COD series are characterized by long-term memory, 1/f noise and multifractal scaling, and these characteristics have obvious difference between the Lake Inlet and Outlet. The comparison results suggest that monofractal and multifractal parameters can be quantitative dynamical indexes reflecting environmental capacity of Poyang Lake. Furthermore, we investigate the frequency-size distribution of COD series from Poyang Lake Inlet and Outlet. Our findings suggest that water COD is an example of a self-organized criticality (SOC) process. Based on concept of self-organized criticality, we analysis the cause that different scale-free power-law behavior between COD series from Poyang Lake Inlet and Outlet. This work can be helpful to improvement of modeling of lake water quality.
{"title":"Time-scaling Differences between Poyang Lake Inlet and Outlet COD Series: Monofractal and Multifractal Aspects","authors":"Shi Kai, Liu Chun-qiong, Su Yin, Wang Hou","doi":"10.1109/CESCE.2010.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CESCE.2010.43","url":null,"abstract":"Three fractal methods are applied to the time-scaling properties analysis of water COD series from Poyang Lake Inlet and Outlet in China. The results show that these COD series are characterized by long-term memory, 1/f noise and multifractal scaling, and these characteristics have obvious difference between the Lake Inlet and Outlet. The comparison results suggest that monofractal and multifractal parameters can be quantitative dynamical indexes reflecting environmental capacity of Poyang Lake. Furthermore, we investigate the frequency-size distribution of COD series from Poyang Lake Inlet and Outlet. Our findings suggest that water COD is an example of a self-organized criticality (SOC) process. Based on concept of self-organized criticality, we analysis the cause that different scale-free power-law behavior between COD series from Poyang Lake Inlet and Outlet. This work can be helpful to improvement of modeling of lake water quality.","PeriodicalId":6371,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Challenges in Environmental Science and Computer Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86327966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hydrogen sulfide is a kind of poisonous and harmful gas. There are a lot of desulfurization methods. Because the traditional desulphurization technology have some shortcomings, some new desulfurization methods that make people pay more attention to environmental pollution control and with the development and application of some high-new technology are introduced in this paper. Meantime the desulfurization technology trend is studied in this paper. The results show that different desulfurization technologies have their own characteristics. But regardless of what new technology replaces the traditional desulfurization technology, efficient low-input, resource-based, no secondary pollution will be the main stream of the development of desulfurization technology in the future.
{"title":"Study on Desulfurization (H2S) Technology Trend","authors":"Ji-hong Zhou, H. Fan","doi":"10.1109/CESCE.2010.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CESCE.2010.28","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen sulfide is a kind of poisonous and harmful gas. There are a lot of desulfurization methods. Because the traditional desulphurization technology have some shortcomings, some new desulfurization methods that make people pay more attention to environmental pollution control and with the development and application of some high-new technology are introduced in this paper. Meantime the desulfurization technology trend is studied in this paper. The results show that different desulfurization technologies have their own characteristics. But regardless of what new technology replaces the traditional desulfurization technology, efficient low-input, resource-based, no secondary pollution will be the main stream of the development of desulfurization technology in the future.","PeriodicalId":6371,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Challenges in Environmental Science and Computer Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87426022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper analyzes the problems and trends of water environment and mechanisms of the problems by Ridit Analysis and other qualitative and quantitative analysis methods with water monitoring data and economical data in Xinjiang in 2001-2006. The results show: (1)water qualities of rivers of Xinjiang are slightly pollution and that of Northern is more serious than that of southern in Xinjiang, and water qualities of rivers far from urban are better than those across urban. The trend of water quality change of river is stable in 2001-2006. (2) Water qualities of lakes and reservoirs are middle level pollution, and water quality of lakes is better than that of reservoirs. The trend of water quality change of lakes and reservoirs are stable. (3) Water qualities of drinking-water source are good totally and its trend of changes is stable. Quality of groundwater of Urumqi city is badly, and its trend of changes is stable. The main reasons leading to water environment problems are: (1) industrial structure are heavy that cause larger pollution water.(2) Economy of Xinjiang is in the Stage of rapid developing that requires excess water. (3)Urban infrastructure is weak. (4) Pollution of rural is heavy, and (5) protractions of drinking-water source is not well.
{"title":"Study on the Problems and Their Mechanisms of Water Environment in Xinjiang","authors":"Zhang Zhong-wu, Yang Degang, Zhang Yueqin","doi":"10.1109/CESCE.2010.286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CESCE.2010.286","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the problems and trends of water environment and mechanisms of the problems by Ridit Analysis and other qualitative and quantitative analysis methods with water monitoring data and economical data in Xinjiang in 2001-2006. The results show: (1)water qualities of rivers of Xinjiang are slightly pollution and that of Northern is more serious than that of southern in Xinjiang, and water qualities of rivers far from urban are better than those across urban. The trend of water quality change of river is stable in 2001-2006. (2) Water qualities of lakes and reservoirs are middle level pollution, and water quality of lakes is better than that of reservoirs. The trend of water quality change of lakes and reservoirs are stable. (3) Water qualities of drinking-water source are good totally and its trend of changes is stable. Quality of groundwater of Urumqi city is badly, and its trend of changes is stable. The main reasons leading to water environment problems are: (1) industrial structure are heavy that cause larger pollution water.(2) Economy of Xinjiang is in the Stage of rapid developing that requires excess water. (3)Urban infrastructure is weak. (4) Pollution of rural is heavy, and (5) protractions of drinking-water source is not well.","PeriodicalId":6371,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Challenges in Environmental Science and Computer Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85389106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Three soil conditions were compared to identify the number of soil bacteria or microorganisms and the activity of soil enzymes, which determine the status of soil fertility in Camellia oleifera stands in Changning region in china. Results indicated that the total and each number of three main species of microorganisms had obvious differences under different stand age. Along with the age growth, the total of microorganisms under different age showed up a trend---"low-high-low". The total number of soil microbes in the sapling forest (16.55×105/ g• dry soil), the mid-age forest (28.64×105/g•dry soil), the mature forest (19.64×105/ g• dry soil). The same enzyme activities in the same soil depths of different forest ages are various, the unease activities of mature forest soil were the highest to 32.87mg/g•24h, the unease activities of mid-age forest soil were higher to 31.07mg/g•24h, the unease activities of young-age forest soil were 16.58mg/g•24h. The sucrase and catalase activities of mid-age forest were the highest, respectively 1.46ml/g•23h and 1.14 ml/g•20min, the sucrase and catalase activities of young-age forest soil were higher, respectively 1.32ml/g•23h and 0.97 ml/g•20min, the sucrase and catalase activities of mature forest soil were respectively 0.98ml/g•23h and 0.72 ml/g•20min. With the season changes, the quantity of bacteria in the soil presented the trend that was in summer and fall the quantity were more, in winter and spring the quantity were comparatively small. The seasonal changes of the quantity of actinomyces and fungus were almost the same, in spring, fall and winter the quantity of actinomyces and fungus were more, but in summer it was small. The activities of soil urease, sucrase and catalas showed up in April, and decreased somewhat in July, and increased in October. After that, in December, the activity of soil unease and soil catalas were decreased, only soil sucrase shown the sign to up. The microorganisms populations and enzyme activities in soil were used to be the biological indicators to reflect soil problems. It was significant to study the annual change of soil microorganisms populations and enzyme activities in Oiltea Camellia Stands.
{"title":"Ecological Distribution of Soil Microorganism and Activity Characteristic of Soil Enzymes in Camellia Oleifera Stands","authors":"L. Jun-ang, G. Liang, Hao Yan, Gou Zhi-hui","doi":"10.1109/CESCE.2010.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CESCE.2010.62","url":null,"abstract":"Three soil conditions were compared to identify the number of soil bacteria or microorganisms and the activity of soil enzymes, which determine the status of soil fertility in Camellia oleifera stands in Changning region in china. Results indicated that the total and each number of three main species of microorganisms had obvious differences under different stand age. Along with the age growth, the total of microorganisms under different age showed up a trend---\"low-high-low\". The total number of soil microbes in the sapling forest (16.55×105/ g• dry soil), the mid-age forest (28.64×105/g•dry soil), the mature forest (19.64×105/ g• dry soil). The same enzyme activities in the same soil depths of different forest ages are various, the unease activities of mature forest soil were the highest to 32.87mg/g•24h, the unease activities of mid-age forest soil were higher to 31.07mg/g•24h, the unease activities of young-age forest soil were 16.58mg/g•24h. The sucrase and catalase activities of mid-age forest were the highest, respectively 1.46ml/g•23h and 1.14 ml/g•20min, the sucrase and catalase activities of young-age forest soil were higher, respectively 1.32ml/g•23h and 0.97 ml/g•20min, the sucrase and catalase activities of mature forest soil were respectively 0.98ml/g•23h and 0.72 ml/g•20min. With the season changes, the quantity of bacteria in the soil presented the trend that was in summer and fall the quantity were more, in winter and spring the quantity were comparatively small. The seasonal changes of the quantity of actinomyces and fungus were almost the same, in spring, fall and winter the quantity of actinomyces and fungus were more, but in summer it was small. The activities of soil urease, sucrase and catalas showed up in April, and decreased somewhat in July, and increased in October. After that, in December, the activity of soil unease and soil catalas were decreased, only soil sucrase shown the sign to up. The microorganisms populations and enzyme activities in soil were used to be the biological indicators to reflect soil problems. It was significant to study the annual change of soil microorganisms populations and enzyme activities in Oiltea Camellia Stands.","PeriodicalId":6371,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Challenges in Environmental Science and Computer Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82533227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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