Pub Date : 2009-09-01DOI: 10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230304
Yanbin Men, Li Wang, Peng Zhang, J. Tian, Xinping Zhang, Fang Wen
The experiment results of continuous wave (CW) and Q- switching running laser using semiconductor laser pumped Yb:YAG crystal have been achieved. The internal cavity second- harmonic generation of laser diode pumped Yb:YAG crystal has beenobtained with a LBO and a stable green light of 515nm has been output.
{"title":"Q-Switching Yb:YAG Laser and Intracavity SHG","authors":"Yanbin Men, Li Wang, Peng Zhang, J. Tian, Xinping Zhang, Fang Wen","doi":"10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230304","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment results of continuous wave (CW) and Q- switching running laser using semiconductor laser pumped Yb:YAG crystal have been achieved. The internal cavity second- harmonic generation of laser diode pumped Yb:YAG crystal has beenobtained with a LBO and a stable green light of 515nm has been output.","PeriodicalId":6416,"journal":{"name":"2009 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics","volume":"433 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76667385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-09-01DOI: 10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230053
Xiaomin Zeng, Wenfeng Wang
The switching performance of the fundamental soli- ton, generalized soliton, Gaussian and super-Gaussian pulses in a nonlinear directional coupler is examined respectively. The fundamental soliton input shows a constant energy transmission while the pulse peak power varies, due to the fact that the peak power and the pulse width of the fundamental soliton are related to each other, thus these two parameters together resulting in a constant energy transmission. With the same peak power and a dimensionless parameter: the product of the dispersion length and coupling coefficient, the fundamental soliton, generalized soliton and Gaussian inputs will show similar transmission features. In the quasi-cw coupling case, the super- Gaussian input has much better switching performance than other pulse profiles as expected, but for the pulse coupling case, worse features will be observed due to its much broad spectrum.
{"title":"Switching Performance of the Fundamental Soliton, Soliton, Gaussian Pulse and Super-Gaussian Pulse in an Optical Switching","authors":"Xiaomin Zeng, Wenfeng Wang","doi":"10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230053","url":null,"abstract":"The switching performance of the fundamental soli- ton, generalized soliton, Gaussian and super-Gaussian pulses in a nonlinear directional coupler is examined respectively. The fundamental soliton input shows a constant energy transmission while the pulse peak power varies, due to the fact that the peak power and the pulse width of the fundamental soliton are related to each other, thus these two parameters together resulting in a constant energy transmission. With the same peak power and a dimensionless parameter: the product of the dispersion length and coupling coefficient, the fundamental soliton, generalized soliton and Gaussian inputs will show similar transmission features. In the quasi-cw coupling case, the super- Gaussian input has much better switching performance than other pulse profiles as expected, but for the pulse coupling case, worse features will be observed due to its much broad spectrum.","PeriodicalId":6416,"journal":{"name":"2009 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics","volume":"333 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80581359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-09-01DOI: 10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230291
Xiaoming Zhou, Qiuhe Ma, Ersen Li, D. Tang
Based on studying the principle of Wavelet Multiresolution Analysis, this paper takes Wavelet into the LIDAR filtering, by making use of pyramid-delaminating theory, the fast organization of raw DSM data comes true, while the computing speed increases and the filtering speed improves. At the same time, by considering the directional elevation tolerance of the whole region in the process of filtering threshold selection, judgement makes better accordance with terrain, and the precision of filtering is improved. At last, experiment is carried out on DSM data obtained by LIDAR, the result proves the validity and advantage of the advanced filtering method. KeywordsLIDAR; DSM; Wavelet transform; Multiresolution analysis; Filter
{"title":"Filter of LIDAR Data Based on Multi-Resolution and Directional Elevation Tolerance","authors":"Xiaoming Zhou, Qiuhe Ma, Ersen Li, D. Tang","doi":"10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230291","url":null,"abstract":"Based on studying the principle of Wavelet Multiresolution Analysis, this paper takes Wavelet into the LIDAR filtering, by making use of pyramid-delaminating theory, the fast organization of raw DSM data comes true, while the computing speed increases and the filtering speed improves. At the same time, by considering the directional elevation tolerance of the whole region in the process of filtering threshold selection, judgement makes better accordance with terrain, and the precision of filtering is improved. At last, experiment is carried out on DSM data obtained by LIDAR, the result proves the validity and advantage of the advanced filtering method. KeywordsLIDAR; DSM; Wavelet transform; Multiresolution analysis; Filter","PeriodicalId":6416,"journal":{"name":"2009 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82441809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-09-01DOI: 10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230249
Xianjie Feng, Cuimei Li
In the paper, we investigate the reflect spectrum and time delay of two kinds sampling fiber gratings which is used in the OTDM/DWDM transmission systems. We analyze the relations between the sample rate and the channel numbers of the binary sampling gtatings for the first time, the counting method of multi-channel numbers about the binary sampling gtatings is proposed by means of the numerical simulation, which multi- channel numbers is decided by the sample rate. Then, we analyzes the chirp coefficient c1 and the c2 value limit when the binary sample grating length is to maintain unchanged, the c1 and the c2 are not too big or too small. In the latter part of the paper, we investigate the reflect spectrum and time delay of the sinc sample gtatings, which simulation results confirms the correctness of the sinc sample gratings theory by the experimental in literature. Moreover, we analyzed the relation between the modulation of two kinds of sampling gratings and the dispersion compensation result.
{"title":"The Numerical Simulation of Two Kinds of Sample Fiber Gratings Dispersion Compensator","authors":"Xianjie Feng, Cuimei Li","doi":"10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230249","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper, we investigate the reflect spectrum and time delay of two kinds sampling fiber gratings which is used in the OTDM/DWDM transmission systems. We analyze the relations between the sample rate and the channel numbers of the binary sampling gtatings for the first time, the counting method of multi-channel numbers about the binary sampling gtatings is proposed by means of the numerical simulation, which multi- channel numbers is decided by the sample rate. Then, we analyzes the chirp coefficient c1 and the c2 value limit when the binary sample grating length is to maintain unchanged, the c1 and the c2 are not too big or too small. In the latter part of the paper, we investigate the reflect spectrum and time delay of the sinc sample gtatings, which simulation results confirms the correctness of the sinc sample gratings theory by the experimental in literature. Moreover, we analyzed the relation between the modulation of two kinds of sampling gratings and the dispersion compensation result.","PeriodicalId":6416,"journal":{"name":"2009 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79844371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-09-01DOI: 10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230093
Hai-Qing Xie, Yun Zeng, Jianping Zeng, Guo-Liang Zhang, Taihong Wang
A novel photoelectric device-photo-BJMOSFET (Bipolar Junction Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) fabricated on SOI film was proposed in this paper. The photo-BJMOSFET operates in the depletion but not inversion region to decrease dark current. Due to two kinds of carriers (electron and hole) in this device, it is more sensitive than the conventional MOS structure under the same operating conditions and structure parameters. Numerical calculation of the analytical model indicates that photo-BJMOSFET has high sensitivity and SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio). In addition, it can eliminate the high dark current of PN junction under CMOS process, and promise compatibility with CMOS process.
{"title":"Photo-BJMOSFET Based on SOI Film and Its Analytical Compact Model","authors":"Hai-Qing Xie, Yun Zeng, Jianping Zeng, Guo-Liang Zhang, Taihong Wang","doi":"10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230093","url":null,"abstract":"A novel photoelectric device-photo-BJMOSFET (Bipolar Junction Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) fabricated on SOI film was proposed in this paper. The photo-BJMOSFET operates in the depletion but not inversion region to decrease dark current. Due to two kinds of carriers (electron and hole) in this device, it is more sensitive than the conventional MOS structure under the same operating conditions and structure parameters. Numerical calculation of the analytical model indicates that photo-BJMOSFET has high sensitivity and SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio). In addition, it can eliminate the high dark current of PN junction under CMOS process, and promise compatibility with CMOS process.","PeriodicalId":6416,"journal":{"name":"2009 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87819665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-09-01DOI: 10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230216
Xiangsheng Xiao, Yan Xu, Ken Xu, Miaoyuan Ye
The influence of temperature field and stress field on OVS has been analyzed theoretically. The law that temperature field and stress field affect the stability of optical voltage sensor (OVS) was obtained. Namely, thermal-optic effect by temperature and elato-optic by compressive stress of SF6 have no influence on the performance of OVS, but the phase retardation resulted through thermal-stress by the temperature variation is superimposed on the phase retardation produced through elastro-optic effect and varies with temperature, which affects the stability of OVS. Keywords-optical voltage sensor; stability; thermo-optic effect; elasto-optic effect
{"title":"Influence of Temperature and Stress Field on Optical Voltage Sensor","authors":"Xiangsheng Xiao, Yan Xu, Ken Xu, Miaoyuan Ye","doi":"10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230216","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of temperature field and stress field on OVS has been analyzed theoretically. The law that temperature field and stress field affect the stability of optical voltage sensor (OVS) was obtained. Namely, thermal-optic effect by temperature and elato-optic by compressive stress of SF6 have no influence on the performance of OVS, but the phase retardation resulted through thermal-stress by the temperature variation is superimposed on the phase retardation produced through elastro-optic effect and varies with temperature, which affects the stability of OVS. Keywords-optical voltage sensor; stability; thermo-optic effect; elasto-optic effect","PeriodicalId":6416,"journal":{"name":"2009 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87380733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-09-01DOI: 10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230259
Jianhua Chang, Tingting Wang, Z. Tao
An efficient optimal algorithm, named SAA-PA in brief, based on the simulated annealing algorithm (SAA) and the Powell algorithm (PA) for the PCF-based Raman amplifiers (PCF-RA) design has been applied for the first time, in order to achieve the flat Raman gain characteristics. The pump spectra (wavelengths and powers) have been optimized to achieve low gain ripple (GR) over C+L band. The PCF considered to study the RA has the following parameters: �� =4μm, d/�� =0.625, Sixty signals (1540-1600 nm) spaced at 1 nm are launched to the PCF of 10-km length with an input power of -10 dBm/ch. Various pump wavelengths and power distributions have been considered with the aim to reduce the gain ripple as much as possible. Simulation results show that the lowest GR of 0.72 dB with a peak gain of 8.03 dB in an 10 km ULL-PCF can be attained over C+L band. Also, it has been easily found that, when the gain and bandwidth are approximately the same, the lowest GR decreases with the addition of pump number, i.e., the GR are 1.27, 1.11, 0.85, and 0.72 dB for 3, 4, 5, and 6 backward pumps, respectively. All this shows that PCF is an appropriate candidate for high gain Raman amplifier.
{"title":"Optimal Design of Flattened Gain Spectrum of Raman Amplifiers Based on Photonic Crystal Fibers","authors":"Jianhua Chang, Tingting Wang, Z. Tao","doi":"10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230259","url":null,"abstract":"An efficient optimal algorithm, named SAA-PA in brief, based on the simulated annealing algorithm (SAA) and the Powell algorithm (PA) for the PCF-based Raman amplifiers (PCF-RA) design has been applied for the first time, in order to achieve the flat Raman gain characteristics. The pump spectra (wavelengths and powers) have been optimized to achieve low gain ripple (GR) over C+L band. The PCF considered to study the RA has the following parameters: �� =4μm, d/�� =0.625, Sixty signals (1540-1600 nm) spaced at 1 nm are launched to the PCF of 10-km length with an input power of -10 dBm/ch. Various pump wavelengths and power distributions have been considered with the aim to reduce the gain ripple as much as possible. Simulation results show that the lowest GR of 0.72 dB with a peak gain of 8.03 dB in an 10 km ULL-PCF can be attained over C+L band. Also, it has been easily found that, when the gain and bandwidth are approximately the same, the lowest GR decreases with the addition of pump number, i.e., the GR are 1.27, 1.11, 0.85, and 0.72 dB for 3, 4, 5, and 6 backward pumps, respectively. All this shows that PCF is an appropriate candidate for high gain Raman amplifier.","PeriodicalId":6416,"journal":{"name":"2009 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89962684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The rise time of surface temperature produced by high-power CO2 Laser (k-500, manufactured by Coherent, Inc.) is measured by Tellurium-cadmium-mercury infrared detector which responds sensitively to the laser with wave-length 10.6μm. The rise time is 72μs, not more than the given maximum 90μs. Moreover, the output performance of high-power CO2 Laser is also investigated, that is: changing the duty cycle of output pulse can change significantly average output power of the laser. The uncertainty is within the given scope (<±8%). Keywords-CO2 laser, rise time, output power, duty cycle
{"title":"Measurement on the Performance of the CO2 Laser Applied to Dynamic Calibration of Surface Temperature Sensor","authors":"Lina Hao, Xiaojian Hao, Hanchang Zhou, Liang Huang","doi":"10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230281","url":null,"abstract":"The rise time of surface temperature produced by high-power CO2 Laser (k-500, manufactured by Coherent, Inc.) is measured by Tellurium-cadmium-mercury infrared detector which responds sensitively to the laser with wave-length 10.6μm. The rise time is 72μs, not more than the given maximum 90μs. Moreover, the output performance of high-power CO2 Laser is also investigated, that is: changing the duty cycle of output pulse can change significantly average output power of the laser. The uncertainty is within the given scope (<±8%). Keywords-CO2 laser, rise time, output power, duty cycle","PeriodicalId":6416,"journal":{"name":"2009 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics","volume":"430 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83629343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-09-01DOI: 10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230263
P. Lu, S. Mihailov, D. Grobnic
The annealing curves of the birefringence induced by both ultraviolet (UV) and femtosecond infrared (fs-IR) lasers in fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are examined. Experimental results show that the induced birefringence in hydrogen (H2)-loaded SMF-28 fibers by both UV and IR lasers can be annealed completely at low temperatures when moderate FBGs are inscribed (index modulation less than 10 -3 ). For strong gratings inscribed by UV laser in H2-loaded SMF-28 fiber and gratings inscribed by fs-IR laser in unloaded SMF-28 fiber, the birefringence annealing curves strongly depend on the laser wavelength, laser power and the exposure time.
{"title":"Annealing of the Induced Birefringence by UV and IR Lasers in Fiber Bragg Gratings","authors":"P. Lu, S. Mihailov, D. Grobnic","doi":"10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230263","url":null,"abstract":"The annealing curves of the birefringence induced by both ultraviolet (UV) and femtosecond infrared (fs-IR) lasers in fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are examined. Experimental results show that the induced birefringence in hydrogen (H2)-loaded SMF-28 fibers by both UV and IR lasers can be annealed completely at low temperatures when moderate FBGs are inscribed (index modulation less than 10 -3 ). For strong gratings inscribed by UV laser in H2-loaded SMF-28 fiber and gratings inscribed by fs-IR laser in unloaded SMF-28 fiber, the birefringence annealing curves strongly depend on the laser wavelength, laser power and the exposure time.","PeriodicalId":6416,"journal":{"name":"2009 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82648829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-09-01DOI: 10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230288
Wen Chen, P. Shi, Yinhe Liu, Cunlin Zhang
Nano-zirconia powders which were surface-modified with silane coupling reagent WD70 were prepared in order to disperse homogeneously in photosensitive material in this investigation. Grain size and grain phase of nano-zirconia were obtained by XRD. Results given by FT-IR showed WD70 was jointed on the surface of nano-zirconia through both physical adsorption and chemical binding after de-methanol reaction between the methoxyl groups of WD70 and the hydroxy groups on the surface of nano-zirconia. Surface-modified nanozirconia was applied to the Computer To Plate (CTP) plates of thermal cross linking type, and it was found that the adding of nanozirconia could shorten the after-bake time of the plates.
采用硅烷偶联剂WD70对纳米氧化锆粉体进行表面改性，使其在光敏材料中分散均匀。采用XRD测定了纳米氧化锆的晶粒尺寸和相。FT-IR结果表明，WD70的甲氧基与纳米氧化锆表面的羟基发生脱甲醇反应后，通过物理吸附和化学结合在纳米氧化锆表面形成了节理。将表面改性纳米氧化锆应用于热交联型CTP (Computer to Plate)版材中，发现纳米氧化锆的加入可以缩短CTP版材的后焙时间。
{"title":"Preparation of Surface-Modified Nanozirconia and Its Application in CTP Plates","authors":"Wen Chen, P. Shi, Yinhe Liu, Cunlin Zhang","doi":"10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230288","url":null,"abstract":"Nano-zirconia powders which were surface-modified with silane coupling reagent WD70 were prepared in order to disperse homogeneously in photosensitive material in this investigation. Grain size and grain phase of nano-zirconia were obtained by XRD. Results given by FT-IR showed WD70 was jointed on the surface of nano-zirconia through both physical adsorption and chemical binding after de-methanol reaction between the methoxyl groups of WD70 and the hydroxy groups on the surface of nano-zirconia. Surface-modified nanozirconia was applied to the Computer To Plate (CTP) plates of thermal cross linking type, and it was found that the adding of nanozirconia could shorten the after-bake time of the plates.","PeriodicalId":6416,"journal":{"name":"2009 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78444084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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