Pub Date : 2007-05-20DOI: 10.1201/9780429187469-79
H. Gao, Q. Xue, Y. Zhao, P. Zhou, M. Zou
An accurate, rapid and cost-effective detection on the environmental hazardous chemicals is the cornerstone of efficient food safe management. Here we discuss the relevance of an emerging technology, multiplexed competitive immunoassays read by flow cytometry, for the detection of Clenbuterol, Chloramphenicol and sulfadimidine. In these assays, multiple fluorescent microspheres, conjugated to different test antigens, constitute the solid phase for detecting antigens in biological samples based on the competitive ELISA principle. These assays are more sensitive than traditional immunoassays , have a high throughput capacity provide a wide analytical dynamic range and are powerful tools for exposure analysis and assessment offering low-cost screening with minimal sample pretreatment requirements combined and served a better alternative for the instrumental detection on the derivatives of those metabolites that often require expensive instrumentation. The sensitivity for the detection limit of the simultaneous identification of clenbuterol, chloramphenicol and sulfadimidine can reach 0.5ng, 2.0ng and 0.5ng/mL, which shows the promising multiplexing ability. Therefore, we predict a widespread application for a new breed of small, affordable, practical flow cytometrics as field instruments for replacing conventional ELISA and sophisticated GC or HPLC analysis.
{"title":"Multiplexed immunoassays by flow cytometry for detection of clenbuterol, chloramphenicol and sulfadimidine with high sensitivity and selectivity","authors":"H. Gao, Q. Xue, Y. Zhao, P. Zhou, M. Zou","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-79","url":null,"abstract":"An accurate, rapid and cost-effective detection on the environmental hazardous chemicals is the cornerstone of efficient food safe management. Here we discuss the relevance of an emerging technology, multiplexed competitive immunoassays read by flow cytometry, for the detection of Clenbuterol, Chloramphenicol and sulfadimidine. In these assays, multiple fluorescent microspheres, conjugated to different test antigens, constitute the solid phase for detecting antigens in biological samples based on the competitive ELISA principle. These assays are more sensitive than traditional immunoassays , have a high throughput capacity provide a wide analytical dynamic range and are powerful tools for exposure analysis and assessment offering low-cost screening with minimal sample pretreatment requirements combined and served a better alternative for the instrumental detection on the derivatives of those metabolites that often require expensive instrumentation. The sensitivity for the detection limit of the simultaneous identification of clenbuterol, chloramphenicol and sulfadimidine can reach 0.5ng, 2.0ng and 0.5ng/mL, which shows the promising multiplexing ability. Therefore, we predict a widespread application for a new breed of small, affordable, practical flow cytometrics as field instruments for replacing conventional ELISA and sophisticated GC or HPLC analysis.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81482972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-20DOI: 10.1201/9780429187469-24
N. Abe, T. Itou, M. Kageyama, K. Kawasaki, S. Nakamikawa, Akira Sugawara, A. Tsurumaki, S. Yamazaki
This paper aims for construction of a small, clean air cooling system using a water refrigerant and examines it experimentally. We offer a basic report for realization of the non-Freon air-cooling system using only water as a refrigerant. An experimental device consists of two groups, the first stage is composed a vacuum pump and a vacuum container of about 60 [liter] in volume, and the second stage has two heat exchangers (one is a heat load) and a water circulation pump. The variations of temperatures at each place are measured by thermocouples. An air-conditioner indoor unit or a heater as the heat load is used; the air conditioning measurement and the energy are measured, respectively. Consequently, in air-cooling system used only water refrigerant, the ability to cool a room air enough is provided. The development of a new vacuum pump which can exhaust a large amount of water vapor is introduced as an appendix.
{"title":"Study on Non-Freon Air Cooling System Using Water Refrigerant","authors":"N. Abe, T. Itou, M. Kageyama, K. Kawasaki, S. Nakamikawa, Akira Sugawara, A. Tsurumaki, S. Yamazaki","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-24","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims for construction of a small, clean air cooling system using a water refrigerant and examines it experimentally. We offer a basic report for realization of the non-Freon air-cooling system using only water as a refrigerant. An experimental device consists of two groups, the first stage is composed a vacuum pump and a vacuum container of about 60 [liter] in volume, and the second stage has two heat exchangers (one is a heat load) and a water circulation pump. The variations of temperatures at each place are measured by thermocouples. An air-conditioner indoor unit or a heater as the heat load is used; the air conditioning measurement and the energy are measured, respectively. Consequently, in air-cooling system used only water refrigerant, the ability to cool a room air enough is provided. The development of a new vacuum pump which can exhaust a large amount of water vapor is introduced as an appendix.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90545700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-20DOI: 10.1201/9780429187469-26
J.-E. Yang, Chulhwan Park, Jin-Ku Cho, Sangyong Kim
This study sought to establish the optimum operating condition for the recovery of caustic (NaOH) solution from mercerization in textile process. As main factors, the silt density index (SDI) evaluation of ceramic membrane for the application of nanofiltration/reverse osmosis (NF/RO) membrane, the recovery yield measurement of caustic solution for the application of polymeric membrane, the optimum condition of chemical cleaning for the membrane regeneration, the optimum removal condition of total organic carbon (TOC), turbidity, color, and the permeate flux of ceramic membrane/polymeric membrane combined process were investigated. As results, ceramic ultrafiltration (UF) in the first step and nanofiltration (NF) in the second step were found to be suitable for the removal of total suspended solid (TSS), residual organics, turbidity including color, and the recovery of caustic solution from caustic wastewater stream in mercerization process. When only the ceramic UF membrane was used, the rejection efficiency of both of TSS and turbidity was more than 99.0%, and the color and TOC were rejected about 74.7% and 49.2%, respectively. Meanwhile, the combined membrane precess of UF and NF membranes showed even more efficient removal abilities and thus more than 99.9% of TSS and turbidity, 87.7% of color, and 78.2% of TOC were removed. In particular, 91.3% of NaOH was successfully recovered with 83.7% of total volume in the combined membrane process. With this regard, a clean caustic solution was obtained in a high purity, which can be reused for mercerization process, expecting to offer economical benefits.
{"title":"Recovery of Caustic Soda in Textile Mercerization by Combined Membrane Filtration","authors":"J.-E. Yang, Chulhwan Park, Jin-Ku Cho, Sangyong Kim","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-26","url":null,"abstract":"This study sought to establish the optimum operating condition for the recovery of caustic (NaOH) solution from mercerization in textile process. As main factors, the silt density index (SDI) evaluation of ceramic membrane for the application of nanofiltration/reverse osmosis (NF/RO) membrane, the recovery yield measurement of caustic solution for the application of polymeric membrane, the optimum condition of chemical cleaning for the membrane regeneration, the optimum removal condition of total organic carbon (TOC), turbidity, color, and the permeate flux of ceramic membrane/polymeric membrane combined process were investigated. As results, ceramic ultrafiltration (UF) in the first step and nanofiltration (NF) in the second step were found to be suitable for the removal of total suspended solid (TSS), residual organics, turbidity including color, and the recovery of caustic solution from caustic wastewater stream in mercerization process. When only the ceramic UF membrane was used, the rejection efficiency of both of TSS and turbidity was more than 99.0%, and the color and TOC were rejected about 74.7% and 49.2%, respectively. Meanwhile, the combined membrane precess of UF and NF membranes showed even more efficient removal abilities and thus more than 99.9% of TSS and turbidity, 87.7% of color, and 78.2% of TOC were removed. In particular, 91.3% of NaOH was successfully recovered with 83.7% of total volume in the combined membrane process. With this regard, a clean caustic solution was obtained in a high purity, which can be reused for mercerization process, expecting to offer economical benefits.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76637522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-20DOI: 10.1201/9780429187469-11
M. Halbwax, T. Sarnet, M. Sentis, H. Etienne, F. Torregrosa, V. Vervisch, I. Périchaud, S. Martinuzzi, Laboratoire Lp
It has been recently shown (Mazur et al) (1-7) that a simple way to improve the photocurrent of a silicon-based solar cell is to irradiate the silicon surface with a series of femtosecond laser pulses, in the presence of a sulfur containing gas. This improves the formation of micro- spikes on the silicon surface that strongly reduces the reflectivity of the illuminated surface for the incident solar light (Black Silicon). We have prepared photovoltaic structures with different nano-texturization obtained by means of a femtosecond laser, without the use of corrosive gas (under vacuum). To take in account the 3D structured front surface, the emitter doping has been realized by using Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation (so-called PULSION). The results show a photocurrent increase of about 30 % in the laser textured zones.
最近有研究表明(Mazur et al)(1-7)改善硅基太阳能电池光电流的一种简单方法是在含硫气体存在的情况下，用一系列飞秒激光脉冲照射硅表面。这改善了硅表面上微尖峰的形成，从而大大降低了入射太阳光(黑硅)照射表面的反射率。我们在不使用腐蚀性气体(真空条件下)的情况下，利用飞秒激光制备了具有不同纳米纹理的光伏结构。考虑到三维结构的前表面，利用等离子体浸没离子注入(所谓的斥力)实现了发射极掺杂。结果表明，激光织构区光电流增加约30%。
{"title":"Ultra-short pulsed laser for nano-texturization associated to plasma immersion implantation for 3D shallow doping: Application to silicon photovoltaic structures.","authors":"M. Halbwax, T. Sarnet, M. Sentis, H. Etienne, F. Torregrosa, V. Vervisch, I. Périchaud, S. Martinuzzi, Laboratoire Lp","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-11","url":null,"abstract":"It has been recently shown (Mazur et al) (1-7) that a simple way to improve the photocurrent of a silicon-based solar cell is to irradiate the silicon surface with a series of femtosecond laser pulses, in the presence of a sulfur containing gas. This improves the formation of micro- spikes on the silicon surface that strongly reduces the reflectivity of the illuminated surface for the incident solar light (Black Silicon). We have prepared photovoltaic structures with different nano-texturization obtained by means of a femtosecond laser, without the use of corrosive gas (under vacuum). To take in account the 3D structured front surface, the emitter doping has been realized by using Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation (so-called PULSION). The results show a photocurrent increase of about 30 % in the laser textured zones.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81212446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-20DOI: 10.1201/9780429187469-37
L. Hannum, S. Pamukcu
The influence of direct current electric fields on the possible electrokinetic delivery of nano-iron slurry in clay for the purpose of fast and effective remediation of soil contaminants has been tested. Nano-iron can be introduced to soil hydraulically in slurry form, but in tight clay soil, delivery of a uniform distribution of the slurry may be difficult to achieve for effective remediation. Additionally, the limited life of the nano-iron particles, previously shown in field studies of being on the order of 4-8 weeks, further emphasizes the need for the nano-iron particles to reach the contaminated site efficiently before the particles oxidize and become ineffective. This study demonstrates that by integrating electrokinetics with nanotechnology, the transport of nano-particles can be electrokinetically enhanced for subsurface remediation of tight clay soils where transport time and process efficiency may be an issue.
{"title":"Aided Transport of Nano-Iron in Clay Soils Using Direct Electric Field","authors":"L. Hannum, S. Pamukcu","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-37","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of direct current electric fields on the possible electrokinetic delivery of nano-iron slurry in clay for the purpose of fast and effective remediation of soil contaminants has been tested. Nano-iron can be introduced to soil hydraulically in slurry form, but in tight clay soil, delivery of a uniform distribution of the slurry may be difficult to achieve for effective remediation. Additionally, the limited life of the nano-iron particles, previously shown in field studies of being on the order of 4-8 weeks, further emphasizes the need for the nano-iron particles to reach the contaminated site efficiently before the particles oxidize and become ineffective. This study demonstrates that by integrating electrokinetics with nanotechnology, the transport of nano-particles can be electrokinetically enhanced for subsurface remediation of tight clay soils where transport time and process efficiency may be an issue.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90081360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-20DOI: 10.1201/9780429187469-51
P. Burrows, L. Sapochak
General illumination consumes 22% of the electricity generated in the U.S. This huge proportion is partly due to the ubiquity of artificial lighting but also the inefficiency of converting electrical energy to light. Incandescent lightbulbs convert a mere 5% of the supplied power into light (most of the rest emerging as heat) whereas the more efficient fluorescent bulbs achieve about 20% efficiency. Improving the efficiency of these light sources is difficult since in all cases the emission of light is essentially a byproduct of an energetic excitation process. In contrast, solid state lighting utilizes materials which directly convert electrical energy to light with little production of heat and therefore have the potential for far higher efficiency, with over 70% demonstrated in the infrared. New materials based on direct bandgap semiconductors and organic light emitters may permit this level of efficiency for general lighting. In both cases, however, understanding the nanoscale structure of the material is critical to achieving high efficiency. This is particularly evident in the case of organic molecular compounds, where weak inter-molecular interactions can permit the photophysical properties of a solid to be tuned by changing the chemical structure of the molecular building block.
{"title":"Molecular Building Blocks for Efficient Solid State Lighting","authors":"P. Burrows, L. Sapochak","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-51","url":null,"abstract":"General illumination consumes 22% of the electricity generated in the U.S. This huge proportion is partly due to the ubiquity of artificial lighting but also the inefficiency of converting electrical energy to light. Incandescent lightbulbs convert a mere 5% of the supplied power into light (most of the rest emerging as heat) whereas the more efficient fluorescent bulbs achieve about 20% efficiency. Improving the efficiency of these light sources is difficult since in all cases the emission of light is essentially a byproduct of an energetic excitation process. In contrast, solid state lighting utilizes materials which directly convert electrical energy to light with little production of heat and therefore have the potential for far higher efficiency, with over 70% demonstrated in the infrared. New materials based on direct bandgap semiconductors and organic light emitters may permit this level of efficiency for general lighting. In both cases, however, understanding the nanoscale structure of the material is critical to achieving high efficiency. This is particularly evident in the case of organic molecular compounds, where weak inter-molecular interactions can permit the photophysical properties of a solid to be tuned by changing the chemical structure of the molecular building block.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82452313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-20DOI: 10.1201/9780429187469-80
A. Jin
{"title":"The Chemical Nano-Sensor Development and Characterization","authors":"A. Jin","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-80","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91465788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main objective of this research was to carry out technically a mass and energy balances in an energy cogeneration plant with cattle excrement having biogas + natural gas as a fuel. It was used like raw material for hydrogen production. Also to evaluate the economic pre-feasibility of the steam reforming plant using GN and Biogas + GN mixture fuels. An analysis of an electric energy cogeneration plant was carried out; this plant used biogas and GN. Based on these fuels, an industrial significant scale for this research was fixed, as a consequence an installed power of 75 MW was selected. Mass and energy balances were carried out over this installed power.
{"title":"Energy Balance Development in a Cogeneration with Biogas for H2 Production by Catalytic Reforming","authors":"A. Madrigal, L. Serrano, I. P. H. Rosales","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-1","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this research was to carry out technically a mass and energy balances in an energy cogeneration plant with cattle excrement having biogas + natural gas as a fuel. It was used like raw material for hydrogen production. Also to evaluate the economic pre-feasibility of the steam reforming plant using GN and Biogas + GN mixture fuels. An analysis of an electric energy cogeneration plant was carried out; this plant used biogas and GN. Based on these fuels, an industrial significant scale for this research was fixed, as a consequence an installed power of 75 MW was selected. Mass and energy balances were carried out over this installed power.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90426694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-20DOI: 10.1201/9780429187469-43
G. Elvin
Nanotechnology, the manipulation of matter at the molecular scale, is opening new possibilities in green building through products like solar energy collecting paints, high-insulating translucent panels, and heatabsorbing windows. Even more dramatic breakthroughs are now in development such as spray-on solar collecting paint, windows that shift from transparent to opaque with the flip of a switch, and environmentally friendly biocides for preserving wood. These breakthrough materials are opening new frontiers in green building, offering unprecedented performance in energy efficiency, durability, economy and sustainability. This paper provides an overview of nanotechnology applications for green building, with an emphasis on the energy conservation capabilities of architectural nanomaterials in green building.
{"title":"Building Green with Nanotechnology","authors":"G. Elvin","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-43","url":null,"abstract":"Nanotechnology, the manipulation of matter at the molecular scale, is opening new possibilities in green building through products like solar energy collecting paints, high-insulating translucent panels, and heatabsorbing windows. Even more dramatic breakthroughs are now in development such as spray-on solar collecting paint, windows that shift from transparent to opaque with the flip of a switch, and environmentally friendly biocides for preserving wood. These breakthrough materials are opening new frontiers in green building, offering unprecedented performance in energy efficiency, durability, economy and sustainability. This paper provides an overview of nanotechnology applications for green building, with an emphasis on the energy conservation capabilities of architectural nanomaterials in green building.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83504163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-12-12DOI: 10.1201/9780429187469-32
M. Ma, T. Chao, K. Kao, Jyun-Siang Huang, T. Lei
In this paper, full-depleted SOI devices with source/drain extension shift and high-κ offset spacer were investigated in detail. The calculated results show that the source/drain extension shift can decrease off-state leakage current Ioff significantly by utilizing the extra electron barrier height in source/drain extension shift region to reduce standby power dissipation. However, the on-state driving current Ion is also sacrificing simultaneously. In order to overcome this drawback, the high-κ offset spacer is used to increase the on-state driving current Ion effectively due to the enhanced vertical fringing electric field to elevate the channel voltage drop and reduce series resistance. Consequently, a nanoscale FD SOI device with 8-nm S/D extension shift and TiO2 offset spacer can possess high driving current Ion and ultra-low leakage current Ioff about 0.003 times lower than conventional SOI structure.
{"title":"Novel FD SOI Devices Structure for Low Standby Power Applications","authors":"M. Ma, T. Chao, K. Kao, Jyun-Siang Huang, T. Lei","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-32","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, full-depleted SOI devices with source/drain extension shift and high-κ offset spacer were investigated in detail. The calculated results show that the source/drain extension shift can decrease off-state leakage current Ioff significantly by utilizing the extra electron barrier height in source/drain extension shift region to reduce standby power dissipation. However, the on-state driving current Ion is also sacrificing simultaneously. In order to overcome this drawback, the high-κ offset spacer is used to increase the on-state driving current Ion effectively due to the enhanced vertical fringing electric field to elevate the channel voltage drop and reduce series resistance. Consequently, a nanoscale FD SOI device with 8-nm S/D extension shift and TiO2 offset spacer can possess high driving current Ion and ultra-low leakage current Ioff about 0.003 times lower than conventional SOI structure.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82754120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：