Pub Date : 2006-05-07DOI: 10.1201/9780429187469-72
Lo C.C.H., K. Tam, S. C. Tsang, Yeung C.M.Y., C. H. Yu
Magnetic nanoparticles encapsulated in a thin coating as magnetic separable nano-vehicle for chemical species is a hot but challenging area. The facilitated separation of a small magnetic body carrying biologically active species is of a tremendous interest however; the stability of the magnetic body remains a key issue. We report new syntheses of silica encapsulated magnetic nanosize particles as magnetic separable carriers in large quantities based on simple synthetic techniques. The major advantage of using nano-size magnetic particles as carriers is that they display an excellent mass transfer coefficient (high surface area to volume ratio) comparable to soluble species but can still be easily separated from liquid using magnetic interaction with an external applied inhomogeneous magnetic field (i.e. 50MGOe). It is shown that the external coating surfaces can isolate and protect the magnetic core from destructive reactions with the environment where a wide range of conditions for fine chemical catalysis can be made possible. The functionalized surfaces could also offer anchoring sites for the immobilization of active chemical species of interests (enzymes, DNA oligos and antibodies). Most of these applications require nanoparticles covered with appropriate surface chemical functionalities where a strong magnetic core is essential for the separation of each particles from solution.
{"title":"Nano-Engineering Of Magnetic Particles For Biocatalysis And Bioseparation","authors":"Lo C.C.H., K. Tam, S. C. Tsang, Yeung C.M.Y., C. H. Yu","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-72","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic nanoparticles encapsulated in a thin coating as magnetic separable nano-vehicle for chemical species is a hot but challenging area. The facilitated separation of a small magnetic body carrying biologically active species is of a tremendous interest however; the stability of the magnetic body remains a key issue. We report new syntheses of silica encapsulated magnetic nanosize particles as magnetic separable carriers in large quantities based on simple synthetic techniques. The major advantage of using nano-size magnetic particles as carriers is that they display an excellent mass transfer coefficient (high surface area to volume ratio) comparable to soluble species but can still be easily separated from liquid using magnetic interaction with an external applied inhomogeneous magnetic field (i.e. 50MGOe). It is shown that the external coating surfaces can isolate and protect the magnetic core from destructive reactions with the environment where a wide range of conditions for fine chemical catalysis can be made possible. The functionalized surfaces could also offer anchoring sites for the immobilization of active chemical species of interests (enzymes, DNA oligos and antibodies). Most of these applications require nanoparticles covered with appropriate surface chemical functionalities where a strong magnetic core is essential for the separation of each particles from solution.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":"306 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77126834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-07DOI: 10.1201/9780429187469-75
M. Avella, M. Errico, G. Gentile
High performance iPP based nanocomposites filled with innovative calcium carbonate nanoparticles (CaCO3) were prepared and structure-properties relationships investigated. In particular nanoparticles characterized by high specific surface area (>200 m 2 /g) and elongated shape were tested as reinforcement nanophase. In order to promote polymer/nanofillers interactions, CaCO3 were coated with two different surface modifiers, polypropylene-maleic anhydride graft copolymer (iPP-g-MA) or fatty acids (FA). Morphological analysis permitted to assess that the presence of iPP-g-MA promotes a stronger adhesion between polymer/CaCO3 with respect to that achieved by using FA as surface modifier. Mechanical analysis evidenced that Young’s modulus increases as a function of nanoparticles content and coating agent nature. Finally, it was observed that the CaCO3 nanoparticles presence drastically reduces the iPP permeability to both oxygen and carbon dioxide.
{"title":"High performance iPP based nanocomposites for food packaging application","authors":"M. Avella, M. Errico, G. Gentile","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-75","url":null,"abstract":"High performance iPP based nanocomposites filled with innovative calcium carbonate nanoparticles (CaCO3) were prepared and structure-properties relationships investigated. In particular nanoparticles characterized by high specific surface area (>200 m 2 /g) and elongated shape were tested as reinforcement nanophase. In order to promote polymer/nanofillers interactions, CaCO3 were coated with two different surface modifiers, polypropylene-maleic anhydride graft copolymer (iPP-g-MA) or fatty acids (FA). Morphological analysis permitted to assess that the presence of iPP-g-MA promotes a stronger adhesion between polymer/CaCO3 with respect to that achieved by using FA as surface modifier. Mechanical analysis evidenced that Young’s modulus increases as a function of nanoparticles content and coating agent nature. Finally, it was observed that the CaCO3 nanoparticles presence drastically reduces the iPP permeability to both oxygen and carbon dioxide.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79575587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-07DOI: 10.1201/9780429187469-71
H. Alamdari, M. Bassir, P. Seegopaul, A. Neste
Global concerns over environmental pollution have resulted in increasingly stringent regulations to control the levels of critical air pollutants, such as, carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxide species (NOx), volatile organic compounds (VOC) and particulate matter (PM). These pollutants are removed by heterogeneous catalysis and the platinum group metals (PGM) remain the catalysts of choice but this situation is now complicated by the requirement for higher performance at lower costs while the PGM are experiencing escalating prices. A solution to this problem is the use of nanostructured perovskite-based Nanoxite™ catalysts engineered with unique structural features and high surface areas that enable higher catalytic efficiency at lower temperatures without sacrificing durability performance. In fact, Nanoxite is a “catalytic washcoat” product in that it simultaneously functions as the emission control catalyst while providing the bulk of the washcoat. As a result, both the PGM level and the amount of conventional washcoat materials are simultaneously reduced. Each powder particle possesses a hierarchical structure where larger micron sized particles hold the < 40 nanometer size perovskite grains. This desired arrangement facilitates easy powder handling and eliminates reactivity typically associated with discrete Nanograin materials. These perovskite-based catalyst formulations are applicable to both diesel engine and stationary emission control with respect to CO / VOC oxidation and the management of NOx and PM.
{"title":"Nanostructured perovskite-based oxidation catalysts for improved environmental emission control","authors":"H. Alamdari, M. Bassir, P. Seegopaul, A. Neste","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-71","url":null,"abstract":"Global concerns over environmental pollution have resulted in increasingly stringent regulations to control the levels of critical air pollutants, such as, carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxide species (NOx), volatile organic compounds (VOC) and particulate matter (PM). These pollutants are removed by heterogeneous catalysis and the platinum group metals (PGM) remain the catalysts of choice but this situation is now complicated by the requirement for higher performance at lower costs while the PGM are experiencing escalating prices. A solution to this problem is the use of nanostructured perovskite-based Nanoxite™ catalysts engineered with unique structural features and high surface areas that enable higher catalytic efficiency at lower temperatures without sacrificing durability performance. In fact, Nanoxite is a “catalytic washcoat” product in that it simultaneously functions as the emission control catalyst while providing the bulk of the washcoat. As a result, both the PGM level and the amount of conventional washcoat materials are simultaneously reduced. Each powder particle possesses a hierarchical structure where larger micron sized particles hold the < 40 nanometer size perovskite grains. This desired arrangement facilitates easy powder handling and eliminates reactivity typically associated with discrete Nanograin materials. These perovskite-based catalyst formulations are applicable to both diesel engine and stationary emission control with respect to CO / VOC oxidation and the management of NOx and PM.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73383048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-07DOI: 10.1201/9780429187469-45
G. John
A set of amphiphilic glycolipids were synthesized from cardanol (a by-product of cashew industry) and diaminopyridine (DAP). These amphiphiles encompass selfassembling units such as long hydrophobic saturated or unsaturated chain, open or closed sugar as headgroup and aromatic (phenyl or DAP) as linker. Amphiphiles from both series (cardanyl and DAP) exhibited excellent self-assembling properties to produce various lipid based materials ranging from structurally unordered fibers to highly uniform nanotubes. Their self-assembling properties were investigated by various techniques including EF-TEM, SEM, XRD and DSC. The nanotubes are comprised of bilayer structure with interdigitated alkyl chains associated through hydrophobic
{"title":"Self-Assembled Soft Nanomaterials from Renewable Resources","authors":"G. John","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-45","url":null,"abstract":"A set of amphiphilic glycolipids were synthesized from cardanol (a by-product of cashew industry) and diaminopyridine (DAP). These amphiphiles encompass selfassembling units such as long hydrophobic saturated or unsaturated chain, open or closed sugar as headgroup and aromatic (phenyl or DAP) as linker. Amphiphiles from both series (cardanyl and DAP) exhibited excellent self-assembling properties to produce various lipid based materials ranging from structurally unordered fibers to highly uniform nanotubes. Their self-assembling properties were investigated by various techniques including EF-TEM, SEM, XRD and DSC. The nanotubes are comprised of bilayer structure with interdigitated alkyl chains associated through hydrophobic","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78411268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-07DOI: 10.1201/9780429187469-69
L. Bromberg, T. Hatton
Organophosphorus (OP) pesticides and warfare agents are catalytically hydrolyzed in aqueous media by suspensions of magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles modified with poly(1-vinylimidazole-co-acrolein oxime-co-acrylic acid). The oxime- and imidazole-modified magnetite particle serves as a nano-sized particulate carrier with nucleophilic groups immobilized on its surface. The oximemodified magnetite nanoparticles are colloidally stable within a wide pH range and are readily recovered for reuse from the aqueous milieu by high-gradient magnetic separation methods with no loss of catalytic activity.
{"title":"Destruction of Organophosphate Agents by Recyclable Catalytic Magnetic Nanoparticles","authors":"L. Bromberg, T. Hatton","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-69","url":null,"abstract":"Organophosphorus (OP) pesticides and warfare agents are catalytically hydrolyzed in aqueous media by suspensions of magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles modified with poly(1-vinylimidazole-co-acrolein oxime-co-acrylic acid). The oxime- and imidazole-modified magnetite particle serves as a nano-sized particulate carrier with nucleophilic groups immobilized on its surface. The oximemodified magnetite nanoparticles are colloidally stable within a wide pH range and are readily recovered for reuse from the aqueous milieu by high-gradient magnetic separation methods with no loss of catalytic activity.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74901198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-05-07DOI: 10.1201/9780429187469-67
G. Fryxell, S. Mattigod, K. Parker, R. Skaggs
A new class of high-performance nanoporous sorbents has been developed for heavy metal removal that overcomes the deficiencies of existing technologies. These novel materials are created from a combination of synthetic nanoporous ceramic substrates that have specifically tailored pore sizes (2 to 10 nm) and very high surface areas (~1000 m 2 /g) with self-assembled monolayers of wellordered functional groups that have high affinity and specificity for specific types of free or complex cations or anions. These sorbents known as SAMMS™ (SelfAssembled Monolayers on Mesoporous Silica) are hybrids of two frontiers in materials science: molecular selfassembly techniques and nanoporous materials. One form of SAMMS™ containing monolayers of mercaptopropyltrismethoxy silane has shown exceptional sorptive properties for mercury and other soft cations such as silver, cadmium, and lead. Another form of SAMMS™ with a functional monolayer consisting of ethylenediamine-Cu(II) complex (Cu-EDA) specifically adsorbs tetrahedral oxyanions such as arsenate, selenate, molybdate, chromate and pertechnetate even in the presence of high concentrations of sulfate. Separation of actinides can be addressed by SAMMS™ material synthesized with a set of monolayer functionalities consisting of hydroxypyridinones, acetamide and propinamide phosphonates. These nanoporous sorbents offer a better choice for efficient and cost-effective removal contaminants from diverse waste streams.
开发了一种新型的高性能纳米孔吸附剂，克服了现有技术的不足。这些新型材料是由合成纳米多孔陶瓷衬底组合而成的，这些衬底具有专门定制的孔径(2至10纳米)和非常高的表面积(~1000 m2 /g)，具有自组装的单层有序的官能团，对特定类型的自由或复杂的阳离子或阴离子具有高亲和力和特异性。这些被称为SAMMS™(介孔二氧化硅自组装单层)的吸附剂是材料科学两个前沿的混合体:分子自组装技术和纳米多孔材料。一种含有巯基丙基三甲氧基硅烷单层的SAMMS™表现出对汞和其他软阳离子(如银、镉和铅)的特殊吸附性能。另一种形式的SAMMS™具有由乙二胺- cu (II)络合物(Cu-EDA)组成的功能单层，即使在高浓度硫酸盐存在下也能特异性吸附四面体氧阴离子，如砷酸盐、硒酸盐、钼酸盐、铬酸盐和高技术酸盐。锕系元素的分离可以通过由羟基吡啶酮、乙酰胺和丙酰胺磷酸盐组成的一组单层功能合成的SAMMS™材料来解决。这些纳米孔吸附剂为从各种废物流中高效和经济地去除污染物提供了更好的选择。
{"title":"Functionalized Nanoporous Ceramic Sorbents for Removal of Mercury And Other Contaminants","authors":"G. Fryxell, S. Mattigod, K. Parker, R. Skaggs","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-67","url":null,"abstract":"A new class of high-performance nanoporous sorbents has been developed for heavy metal removal that overcomes the deficiencies of existing technologies. These novel materials are created from a combination of synthetic nanoporous ceramic substrates that have specifically tailored pore sizes (2 to 10 nm) and very high surface areas (~1000 m 2 /g) with self-assembled monolayers of wellordered functional groups that have high affinity and specificity for specific types of free or complex cations or anions. These sorbents known as SAMMS™ (SelfAssembled Monolayers on Mesoporous Silica) are hybrids of two frontiers in materials science: molecular selfassembly techniques and nanoporous materials. One form of SAMMS™ containing monolayers of mercaptopropyltrismethoxy silane has shown exceptional sorptive properties for mercury and other soft cations such as silver, cadmium, and lead. Another form of SAMMS™ with a functional monolayer consisting of ethylenediamine-Cu(II) complex (Cu-EDA) specifically adsorbs tetrahedral oxyanions such as arsenate, selenate, molybdate, chromate and pertechnetate even in the presence of high concentrations of sulfate. Separation of actinides can be addressed by SAMMS™ material synthesized with a set of monolayer functionalities consisting of hydroxypyridinones, acetamide and propinamide phosphonates. These nanoporous sorbents offer a better choice for efficient and cost-effective removal contaminants from diverse waste streams.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83210630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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