Pub Date : 2012-03-07DOI: 10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260927
Ebrahim Aghajari, D. Gharpure
Use of FCM for inspection of fruits is proposed in this paper. In this method, an image of fruits is firstly taken in RGB color model. The output of imaging sensors is preprocessed in order to get proper image for evaluation purpose. An algorithm based on fuzzy c-means theory was developed for quality inspection of fruits. Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is applied in order to extract the features. The DWT features are used as input data to FCM algorithm to get clusters and segment the image. An evaluation method based on image processing techniques was developed for the purpose of evaluation quality of fruits. The experimental result of proposed method shows that fuzzy evaluation is a viable way for quality inspection of fruits.
{"title":"Fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm for quality inspection of fruits based on image sensors data","authors":"Ebrahim Aghajari, D. Gharpure","doi":"10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260927","url":null,"abstract":"Use of FCM for inspection of fruits is proposed in this paper. In this method, an image of fruits is firstly taken in RGB color model. The output of imaging sensors is preprocessed in order to get proper image for evaluation purpose. An algorithm based on fuzzy c-means theory was developed for quality inspection of fruits. Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is applied in order to extract the features. The DWT features are used as input data to FCM algorithm to get clusters and segment the image. An evaluation method based on image processing techniques was developed for the purpose of evaluation quality of fruits. The experimental result of proposed method shows that fuzzy evaluation is a viable way for quality inspection of fruits.","PeriodicalId":6431,"journal":{"name":"2012 1st International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS-1)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74026537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-07DOI: 10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260900
S. Patil, P. Buchade, A. Shaligram
Present paper analyzes three arrangements of fiber optic bundle displacement sensor for improving the linear operating range of sensor. Concentric, random and hemi circular configurations of fiber bundles are examined. These different arrangements are studied for the variation in sensitivity and linear operating range with increase in number of fibers in a bundle. It is simulated in MATLAB and verified experimentally for random, concentric and hemi circular configurations.
{"title":"Optimization of Fiber Bundles for improvement in linear operating range of fiber optic displacement sensor","authors":"S. Patil, P. Buchade, A. Shaligram","doi":"10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260900","url":null,"abstract":"Present paper analyzes three arrangements of fiber optic bundle displacement sensor for improving the linear operating range of sensor. Concentric, random and hemi circular configurations of fiber bundles are examined. These different arrangements are studied for the variation in sensitivity and linear operating range with increase in number of fibers in a bundle. It is simulated in MATLAB and verified experimentally for random, concentric and hemi circular configurations.","PeriodicalId":6431,"journal":{"name":"2012 1st International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS-1)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75157911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-07DOI: 10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260963
N. K. Pandey, A. Roy, K. Tiwari, A. Mishra, A. Rai, S. Jayaswal, Rashmi, Madhvendra, A. Govindan
Paper reports sensing studies of NO2 gas by WO3 (prepared through sol-gel route) and Ag doped WO3 for operating temperatures 200°C, 250°C and 300°C, for NO2 gas concentration of 0 to 100 ppm. Both pure WO3 and Ag doped WO3 show better sensitivity for the operating temperature of 200°C. WO3 and Ag doped WO3 both show increase in value of sensitivity with increasing concentration (ppm) of NO2. For concentration of 100 ppm, sensitivity for sensing element of Ag doped WO3 over WO3 increased by 25% for operating temperature 200°C. Response time of sensors depend on operating temperatures both for pure WO3 and Ag doped WO3. Least response time was obtained for operating temperature of 200°C.
{"title":"NO2 sensing studies of WO3 and Ag doped WO3 prepared through sol-gel route","authors":"N. K. Pandey, A. Roy, K. Tiwari, A. Mishra, A. Rai, S. Jayaswal, Rashmi, Madhvendra, A. Govindan","doi":"10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260963","url":null,"abstract":"Paper reports sensing studies of NO<inf>2</inf> gas by WO<inf>3</inf> (prepared through sol-gel route) and Ag doped WO<inf>3</inf> for operating temperatures 200°C, 250°C and 300°C, for NO<inf>2</inf> gas concentration of 0 to 100 ppm. Both pure WO<inf>3</inf> and Ag doped WO<inf>3</inf> show better sensitivity for the operating temperature of 200°C. WO<inf>3</inf> and Ag doped WO<inf>3</inf> both show increase in value of sensitivity with increasing concentration (ppm) of NO<inf>2</inf>. For concentration of 100 ppm, sensitivity for sensing element of Ag doped WO<inf>3</inf> over WO<inf>3</inf> increased by 25% for operating temperature 200°C. Response time of sensors depend on operating temperatures both for pure WO<inf>3</inf> and Ag doped WO<inf>3</inf>. Least response time was obtained for operating temperature of 200°C.","PeriodicalId":6431,"journal":{"name":"2012 1st International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS-1)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75497692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-07DOI: 10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260944
S. Chakraborty
The year 1980 can probably be considered as the formal birth year of microfluidics, with the advent of microfluidics for the development of inkjet printhead, DNA chips, lab-on-chip technology, micro-propulsion and micro-thermal technologies. Challenges and technological advancements are the two key words which act as driving potential for the development of this field. After a journey of 32 years we are also feeling motivated by the same two key words, challenges and technological advancements, to look into the world of micro-confined environment.
{"title":"Effect of a Microconfined Fluidic Environment: Droplets/Cells, and Beyond…","authors":"S. Chakraborty","doi":"10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260944","url":null,"abstract":"The year 1980 can probably be considered as the formal birth year of microfluidics, with the advent of microfluidics for the development of inkjet printhead, DNA chips, lab-on-chip technology, micro-propulsion and micro-thermal technologies. Challenges and technological advancements are the two key words which act as driving potential for the development of this field. After a journey of 32 years we are also feeling motivated by the same two key words, challenges and technological advancements, to look into the world of micro-confined environment.","PeriodicalId":6431,"journal":{"name":"2012 1st International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS-1)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78582533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-07DOI: 10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260911
M. Sarode, S. Gosavi, Y. Khollam, B. Kale, S. Jadkar, K. Mohite
The development of sensors with high sensitivity and rapid response is a serious environmental issue. During last few decades, several kinds of gas sensors have been developed based on different sensing materials: metal-oxide semiconductors, intrinsically conducting polymers, conducting polymer composites, metal-oxide/polymer composites and other novel materials. Hydrogen is a potential alternative fuel for automobiles and can be converted into electricity in fuel cells. But hydrogen sensors are needed as hydrogen forms an explosive mixture due to its leakage.
{"title":"Sol-gel deposition of nanocrystalline TiO2 thin films useful for hydrogen gas sensing application","authors":"M. Sarode, S. Gosavi, Y. Khollam, B. Kale, S. Jadkar, K. Mohite","doi":"10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260911","url":null,"abstract":"The development of sensors with high sensitivity and rapid response is a serious environmental issue. During last few decades, several kinds of gas sensors have been developed based on different sensing materials: metal-oxide semiconductors, intrinsically conducting polymers, conducting polymer composites, metal-oxide/polymer composites and other novel materials. Hydrogen is a potential alternative fuel for automobiles and can be converted into electricity in fuel cells. But hydrogen sensors are needed as hydrogen forms an explosive mixture due to its leakage.","PeriodicalId":6431,"journal":{"name":"2012 1st International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS-1)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86035876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-07DOI: 10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260938
J. Deshpande, Abhijeet Kshirsagar, D. Bodas, S. Gosavi, S. Gangal
Thin films of plasma polymerized methyl methacrylate (PPMMA) are deposited in an inductively coupled tubular type reactor using RF excitation and are used in humidity sensing devices. The films are deposited on a glass epoxy substrate having copper electrodes in interdigited form. They are deposited at different RF powers in the range from 10 to 45W keeping other plasma parameters fixed. Thickness is found to be varying between 150-250nm. Chemical structure of polymer is studied using FTIR technique. Basic response of the polymer to relative humidity in the range 0 to 92% is measured, in terms of capacitance variation for films deposited at different powers. The sensitivity, measured as change in capacitance with change in humidity, is found to be different in different humidity ranges. Sensitivity is low in lower region of humidity range and larger in higher range of humidity. For response and recovery time of the film, the change in resistance over time is recorded after every 30 s till the resistance showed saturation. They are found to be 118s and 63s respectively. The results are analyzed and compared with those available in the literature.
{"title":"Relative humidity sensor using plasma polymerized methyl methacrylate (PPMMA)","authors":"J. Deshpande, Abhijeet Kshirsagar, D. Bodas, S. Gosavi, S. Gangal","doi":"10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260938","url":null,"abstract":"Thin films of plasma polymerized methyl methacrylate (PPMMA) are deposited in an inductively coupled tubular type reactor using RF excitation and are used in humidity sensing devices. The films are deposited on a glass epoxy substrate having copper electrodes in interdigited form. They are deposited at different RF powers in the range from 10 to 45W keeping other plasma parameters fixed. Thickness is found to be varying between 150-250nm. Chemical structure of polymer is studied using FTIR technique. Basic response of the polymer to relative humidity in the range 0 to 92% is measured, in terms of capacitance variation for films deposited at different powers. The sensitivity, measured as change in capacitance with change in humidity, is found to be different in different humidity ranges. Sensitivity is low in lower region of humidity range and larger in higher range of humidity. For response and recovery time of the film, the change in resistance over time is recorded after every 30 s till the resistance showed saturation. They are found to be 118s and 63s respectively. The results are analyzed and compared with those available in the literature.","PeriodicalId":6431,"journal":{"name":"2012 1st International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS-1)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84042218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-07DOI: 10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260933
C. Tagad, P. Brahmankar, R. Aiyer, S. Sabharwal
For the first time, proteins extracted from a plant source have been used as a humidity sensing material for the development of a humidity sensor. Humidity sensing characteristics of protein composite extracted from the seeds of Macrotyloma uniflorum coated on ceramic rod having built in electrodes were investigated for their electrical behavior as a function of relative humidity. The resistance versus % RH was measured for multiple layers of protein (each layer of 10 µl). Resistance increases slowly with decreasing humidity up to 30%RH followed by drastic increase at the lower range of RH. Humidity sensing range was found to increase with increasing the number of layers of protein, thus with increasing thickness of the coat. Humidity response of the sensor having four layers was found to cover a wide range of (8% to 86%) relative humidity. A five order increase in resistance was observed for change in relative humidity from 86% to 8%RH. The sensor response and recovery time is about 50–60 s and 160 s respectively. The material is characterized by FTIR.
{"title":"Macrotyloma uniflorum proteins as humidity sensing material","authors":"C. Tagad, P. Brahmankar, R. Aiyer, S. Sabharwal","doi":"10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260933","url":null,"abstract":"For the first time, proteins extracted from a plant source have been used as a humidity sensing material for the development of a humidity sensor. Humidity sensing characteristics of protein composite extracted from the seeds of Macrotyloma uniflorum coated on ceramic rod having built in electrodes were investigated for their electrical behavior as a function of relative humidity. The resistance versus % RH was measured for multiple layers of protein (each layer of 10 µl). Resistance increases slowly with decreasing humidity up to 30%RH followed by drastic increase at the lower range of RH. Humidity sensing range was found to increase with increasing the number of layers of protein, thus with increasing thickness of the coat. Humidity response of the sensor having four layers was found to cover a wide range of (8% to 86%) relative humidity. A five order increase in resistance was observed for change in relative humidity from 86% to 8%RH. The sensor response and recovery time is about 50–60 s and 160 s respectively. The material is characterized by FTIR.","PeriodicalId":6431,"journal":{"name":"2012 1st International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS-1)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78552771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-07DOI: 10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260909
V. Singh, A. Amsanpally, K. C. James Raju
This paper presents the design of a RF MEMS based disk resonator with high quality factor in the MHz frequency range. High quality factors can be achievable with crystal and SAW devices. But these are off chip components that cannot be miniaturized further to achieve integration with integrated circuits. Hence there is a need for on-chip replacement. It can be achieved by the integration of MEMS disk resonators as they are planar resonators, capable of giving high quality factors in MHz range. This work is focused on investigating the role of basic physical and mechanical properties such as Density, Poisson's ratio, Young's modulus, Acoustic velocity and Acoustic impedance of various materials and geometric parameters, (i.e. radius of the disk and thickness of the disk) on the resonant frequency and Q value of the disk resonators. By proper optimization of these parameters, high quality factor has been achieved. By studying the relative importance of each of these factors, some new combination of materials to improve performance and reliability of planar resonators has been suggested.
{"title":"Self aligned MEMS based high-Q disk resonator","authors":"V. Singh, A. Amsanpally, K. C. James Raju","doi":"10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260909","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design of a RF MEMS based disk resonator with high quality factor in the MHz frequency range. High quality factors can be achievable with crystal and SAW devices. But these are off chip components that cannot be miniaturized further to achieve integration with integrated circuits. Hence there is a need for on-chip replacement. It can be achieved by the integration of MEMS disk resonators as they are planar resonators, capable of giving high quality factors in MHz range. This work is focused on investigating the role of basic physical and mechanical properties such as Density, Poisson's ratio, Young's modulus, Acoustic velocity and Acoustic impedance of various materials and geometric parameters, (i.e. radius of the disk and thickness of the disk) on the resonant frequency and Q value of the disk resonators. By proper optimization of these parameters, high quality factor has been achieved. By studying the relative importance of each of these factors, some new combination of materials to improve performance and reliability of planar resonators has been suggested.","PeriodicalId":6431,"journal":{"name":"2012 1st International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS-1)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82145223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-07DOI: 10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260936
Poonam D. Mahapure, R. Aiyer, S. Gosavi, P.V. Adhyapaka, D. P. Amalnerkara
A novel combination of Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) as a self supported film, coated with poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and (Ex-situ doped Ag particles in PVA) Ag/PVA nanocomposite with optimized thickness of PMMA is fabricated as a Relative Humidity (RH) sensor. A film of PMMA, when tested for relative humidity sensing using direct optical transmission gives response in the range 80–92% RH. To increase the range of response, PVA, higher hydrophilic, was spin coated on PMMA, layer by layer. It was found that with the 4th layer of PVA over PMMA, wide sensing range (2–92%RH) is covered, with three distinct regions of sensitivity. To achieve linearity over the complete relative humidity sensing range, Ag particles were added in PVA, and coated on PMMA. This resulted in linear response (1.85 mv/%RH), over a wide range of RH (2–95%). The concentration of Ag, having 5∶2 by volume of PVA and Ag gives good linearity (R2 > 0.99) with response and recovery time of 15 and 18 sec respectively with 4% hysteresis and good repeatability.(tested over 7cycles.
{"title":"Studies on self supported film of PMMA, PMMA-PVA and PMMA-(PVAAg) nano composite for highly linear response over wide range of humidity","authors":"Poonam D. Mahapure, R. Aiyer, S. Gosavi, P.V. Adhyapaka, D. P. Amalnerkara","doi":"10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260936","url":null,"abstract":"A novel combination of Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) as a self supported film, coated with poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and (Ex-situ doped Ag particles in PVA) Ag/PVA nanocomposite with optimized thickness of PMMA is fabricated as a Relative Humidity (RH) sensor. A film of PMMA, when tested for relative humidity sensing using direct optical transmission gives response in the range 80–92% RH. To increase the range of response, PVA, higher hydrophilic, was spin coated on PMMA, layer by layer. It was found that with the 4th layer of PVA over PMMA, wide sensing range (2–92%RH) is covered, with three distinct regions of sensitivity. To achieve linearity over the complete relative humidity sensing range, Ag particles were added in PVA, and coated on PMMA. This resulted in linear response (1.85 mv/%RH), over a wide range of RH (2–95%). The concentration of Ag, having 5∶2 by volume of PVA and Ag gives good linearity (R2 > 0.99) with response and recovery time of 15 and 18 sec respectively with 4% hysteresis and good repeatability.(tested over 7cycles.","PeriodicalId":6431,"journal":{"name":"2012 1st International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS-1)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87499154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-07DOI: 10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260891
S. Mitra, P. Ramesh, M. Bhattacharyya, S. Duttagupta
An air breathing proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) combines H2 or reformed hydrocarbon fuel and O2 from air to produce electrical energy. The efficiency of nano-scale platinum catalysts at the fuel cell cathode is highly susceptible to carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning and results in irreversible damage to the electrode. Higher CO2 level in air does not induce catalytic poisoning, however it lowers the partial pressure of O2 at cathode. This results in a drop of fuel cell output power. Our work proposes a combined range sensing and proximate sensing based approach for tracking of smoke plume. Our approach helps to tackle the PEMFC degradation issue by forecasting nature of the plume in vicinity of the fuel cell. The simulation results quantify the dynamic changes in PEMFC electrode resistance with respect to higher levels of CO concentration in air. Drop in fuel cell output power with respect to higher mass fractions of CO2 and ambient humidity are also quantified in this work. The proposed threat prediction based approach helps to enhance the lifetime of a field deployed air PEMFC by reducing and/or inhibiting the air contaminant based fuel cell degradation mechanisms.
{"title":"Multimode sensing technique for carbon monoxide plume tracking and forecasting for reliable field deployed air breathing PEM fuel cell operation","authors":"S. Mitra, P. Ramesh, M. Bhattacharyya, S. Duttagupta","doi":"10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPTS.2012.6260891","url":null,"abstract":"An air breathing proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) combines H2 or reformed hydrocarbon fuel and O2 from air to produce electrical energy. The efficiency of nano-scale platinum catalysts at the fuel cell cathode is highly susceptible to carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning and results in irreversible damage to the electrode. Higher CO2 level in air does not induce catalytic poisoning, however it lowers the partial pressure of O2 at cathode. This results in a drop of fuel cell output power. Our work proposes a combined range sensing and proximate sensing based approach for tracking of smoke plume. Our approach helps to tackle the PEMFC degradation issue by forecasting nature of the plume in vicinity of the fuel cell. The simulation results quantify the dynamic changes in PEMFC electrode resistance with respect to higher levels of CO concentration in air. Drop in fuel cell output power with respect to higher mass fractions of CO2 and ambient humidity are also quantified in this work. The proposed threat prediction based approach helps to enhance the lifetime of a field deployed air PEMFC by reducing and/or inhibiting the air contaminant based fuel cell degradation mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":6431,"journal":{"name":"2012 1st International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS-1)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86328055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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