Pub Date : 2021-12-28DOI: 10.53397/hunnu.jflc.202102005
Mariano Siskind
The French-Argentine Paul Groussac embodied a wide range of writerly functions and cultural-political positions within the Argentine cultural field between the 1880s and the 1920s: writer, playwright, chronicler, traveler, literary, art, and music critic, historian, educator, editor, and director of the National Library during 44 years. This essay considers his place in the history of Argentine literature looking at two of the many ways in which he inscribed himself in it. The first takes up the production and reproduction of the ontological privilege of French identity as a form of legitimization for his public—and often polemic—interventions, through which he sought to establish scholarly-disciplinary practices, protocols, and conventions that would articulate an entire critical field around his own authority. The second proposes to think his alternatively weak and strong inscriptions in the literary tradition through his own narrative production: his fiction and dramaturgy, travelogues, and biographical sketches. In other words, this essay situates Groussac in an Argentine literary tradition (conceived as an organic and institutionally sanctioned textual corpus) he believed to have founded and established, a selfrepresentation that led Borges to say that Groussac saw himself as “a missionary of Voltaire among the mulattage.”
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Pub Date : 2021-12-28DOI: 10.53397/hunnu.jflc.202102003
L. Lehnen
This essay discusses how contemporary Latin American literature (Argentina, Brazil, and Colombia) employs the discourse of toxicity—condensed in the metaphor of bio-engineering and mutation—to process and interrogate what Jason Moore has called the “Capitolecene.” Moore proposes to understand the “accumulation of capital, the pursuit of power, and the co-production of nature in dialectical unity.” This essay considers how the co-production of nature, impelled by greed (a recurring allegory of capitalism) goes terribly wrong by generating toxic biomes. As such, these texts function as ecocritical allegories of the Capitolecene (specifically in its iteration as biocapitalism) and its human and environmental consequences.
{"title":"Planet Earth Strikes Back: Landscapes of Toxicity in Latin American Fiction","authors":"L. Lehnen","doi":"10.53397/hunnu.jflc.202102003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53397/hunnu.jflc.202102003","url":null,"abstract":"This essay discusses how contemporary Latin American literature (Argentina, Brazil, and Colombia) employs the discourse of toxicity—condensed in the metaphor of bio-engineering and mutation—to process and interrogate what Jason Moore has called the “Capitolecene.” Moore proposes to understand the “accumulation of capital, the pursuit of power, and the co-production of nature in dialectical unity.” This essay considers how the co-production of nature, impelled by greed (a recurring allegory of capitalism) goes terribly wrong by generating toxic biomes. As such, these texts function as ecocritical allegories of the Capitolecene (specifically in its iteration as biocapitalism) and its human and environmental consequences.","PeriodicalId":65200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Languages and Cultures","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42290032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-28DOI: 10.53397/hunnu.jflc.202102008
Jorge Federico Márquez Muñoz, Pablo Armando González Ulloa Aguirre
In order to achieve the objectives of transparency and accountability, Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO) has offered a press conference every morning since he took office. This situation seemed to be a transcendental change in the field of democratic dynamics and political communication in Mexico; however, not merely a means of communication, these conferences have instead become a method of government. Using postulates of Mimetic Theory, this essay analyzes AMLO’s conferences, showing how this daily practice has become propaganda for the regime.
{"title":"Morning Conferences: From Dialogue to the Sacrificial Rite and the Formation of Scapegoats","authors":"Jorge Federico Márquez Muñoz, Pablo Armando González Ulloa Aguirre","doi":"10.53397/hunnu.jflc.202102008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53397/hunnu.jflc.202102008","url":null,"abstract":"In order to achieve the objectives of transparency and accountability, Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO) has offered a press conference every morning since he took office. This situation seemed to be a transcendental change in the field of democratic dynamics and political communication in Mexico; however, not merely a means of communication, these conferences have instead become a method of government. Using postulates of Mimetic Theory, this essay analyzes AMLO’s conferences, showing how this daily practice has become propaganda for the regime.","PeriodicalId":65200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Languages and Cultures","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45123521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-28DOI: 10.53397/hunnu.jflc.202102010
François Weigel
The dialectic of localism and cosmopolitanism, with the opposition between nationalists and cosmopolitans, since independence and perhaps even before, is an element that structured the spiritual life and the literature of a country such as Brazil, as it was pointed out by Antonio Candido. This dialectic in a globalized country which had been transformed by an extremely rapid urbanization, nowadays is perhaps stronger than ever. That could be seen in contemporary literature, on the level of the imaginary but also on the level of the representation of cities such as Manaus in the north of the country (Relato de um certo Oriente, by Milton Hatoum), Recife in the northeast (Estive lá fora, by Ronaldo Correia de Brito), or Brasilia in the central west (Cidade Livre, by João Almino). Through these three novels, this essay aims to analyze how a few years after the end of the dictatorship, at a time marked by important changes in Brazilian society, the fiction grasps the articulation between local specificities and the “globalized” city. To that extent, the reading of many urban contemporary fictions will build a kind of mosaic of Brazil and its cultural varieties, through the prism of the city.
正如安东尼奥·坎迪多所指出的那样，自独立以来，甚至在独立之前，地方主义和世界主义的辩证法，以及民族主义者和世界主义者之间的对立，是构成巴西这样一个国家的精神生活和文学的一个因素。在一个全球化的国家，这种辩证法已经被极其快速的城市化所改变，如今可能比以往任何时候都更强大。这可以在当代文学中看到，在想象的层面上，也可以在代表城市的层面上看到，比如该国北部的马瑙斯（Milton Hatoum的Relato de um certo Oriente）、东北部的累西腓（Ronaldo Correia de Brito的Estive láfora）或中西部的巴西利亚（João Almino的Cidade Livre）。通过这三部小说，本文旨在分析独裁统治结束几年后，在巴西社会发生重大变化的时刻，小说是如何把握地方特色与“全球化”城市之间的联系的。在这种程度上，阅读许多当代城市小说将通过城市的棱镜构建一种巴西及其文化多样性的马赛克。
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Pub Date : 2021-12-28DOI: 10.53397/hunnu.jflc.202102007
Xing Fan
Contemporary literature has always been a dynamic arena for reflecting on and discussing a country’s social changes. With the worsening of social problems and the resurgence of right-wing forces in Brazil in the last decade, literature has endured a series of crises, but it has also found new opportunities. The “marginal writers” who attracted attention at the beginning of the century have gradually moved to the center of Brazilian literature. Aside from denouncing the social problems that exist in the periphery, such as violence, discrimination and poverty, they now pay more attention to the inner feelings of the vulnerable. On the other hand, writers who are known for their psychological descriptions have also begun to explore social issues, often maintaining the subjective perspectives of their characters. This essay argues that the merging of the marginal with the center and of collectivity with subjectivity implies the advent of a new type of narrative in contemporary Brazilian literature.
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Pub Date : 2021-12-28DOI: 10.53397/hunnu.jflc.202102001
William Egginton
In the mid-seventies, Paraguay was two decades into what would ultimately be the second longest dictatorship in its history, second only to the reign of its “founding father,” Doctor José Rodríguez Gaspar de Francia. The regime of Alfredo Stroessner justified its existence and articulated its continued role in Paraguayan politics on a genealogy of national identity that had its supposed roots in the Francia government, Francia’s political ideology and, in fact, in the historical person of Francia himself. In this essay I show how the great Paraguayan writer Augusto Roa Bastos’s 1974 novel, I, the Supreme, takes aim at the “kernel of the real” in the Stroessner regime’s political genealogy, using fiction to make evident its anamorphic manipulation of national and nationalist identity. By taking at its word the regime’s historical discourse, I, the Supreme reveals the psychotic logic animating its version of political power.
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Pub Date : 2021-12-28DOI: 10.53397/hunnu.jflc.202102006
M. Riveiro
This essay poses a question about the identity of Latin American literature in the 21st century. In the 1960s and 1970s, the Latin America Boom received recognition both locally and internationally, becoming the dominant means of defining Latin American literature up to the present. This essay explores new ways to understand this notion of Latin America in the literary scene. The case of the Argentine writer César Aira is relevant for analyzing alternative publishing circuits that connect various points of the region. These publishing houses foster a defiant way of establishing the value of literature.
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Pub Date : 2021-06-28DOI: 10.53397/hunnu.jflc.202101003
A. Ongiri
This essay will explore the ways in which African American visual culture has attempted to negotiate criminalization and the current situation of what Richard Iton rightfully characterizes as “hyperincarceration.” It will explore the ways in which contemporary African American visual culture is engaged in negotiating between the literal material realities and consequences of mass incarceration and aesthetic constructions of violence. While mass incarceration is increasingly becoming understood as “the New Jim Crow” for African American political organizing, Black criminality has become the key lens through which questions of masculinity, class exclusion, gender, and selfhood get negotiated in African American visual culture. This essay will argue that the “subtext of ongoing Black captivity” is the pretext for much of what drives Black action genres and African American representation in general as a key signifier of a racialized identity and as an indicator of a Black subjectivity fraught with complexities of non-belonging.
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Pub Date : 2021-06-28DOI: 10.53397/hunnu.jflc.202101009
L. Luo
There is a long oral tradition and written record for the legend of the White Snake. As a woman, her “original sin” is being a snake. She is a snake who has cultivated herself for hundreds, if not thousands, of years to attain the form of a beautiful woman. Living as a resident “alien” (yilei) in the “Human Realm” (renjian), the White Snake has always been treated with suspicion, fear, exclusion, and violent suppression/exorcism. The White Snake is an immigrant to the human world, whose serpentine identity made her a “resident alien,” the legal category given to immigrants in the United States before they receive their “Green Card” and become a “permanent resident.” The implication of being a snake woman in the human world took on new meanings when the COVID-19 pandemic worsened the existing xenophobia, fear, and suspicion toward minority populations in the contemporary United States and throughout the world. Inspired by the Chinese White Snake legend, the three Anglophone opera, film, and stage projects from Cerise Lim Jacobs, Indrani Pal-Chaudhuri, and Mary Zimmerman, energetically engage with issues relevant to minority activism in the United States and more broadly, through digital media and digital platforms.
白蛇传说有着悠久的口头传统和文字记录。作为一个女人，她的“原罪”是做一条蛇。她是一条蛇，为了成为一个美丽的女人，她已经修炼了数百年，甚至数千年。白蛇作为一个居住在“人界”（仁间）的“外星人”（伊蕾），一直受到怀疑、恐惧、排斥和暴力镇压/驱魔的对待。白蛇是人类世界的移民，其曲折的身份使她成为“外来居民”，这是美国移民在获得“绿卡”并成为“永久居民”之前获得的法律类别。当新冠肺炎疫情恶化了现有的仇外心理、恐惧、，以及对当代美国和全世界少数族裔人口的怀疑。受中国白蛇传说的启发，Cerise Lim Jacobs、Indrani Pal Chaudhuri和Mary Zimmerman的三个英语歌剧、电影和舞台项目通过数字媒体和数字平台，积极参与美国乃至更广泛的少数族裔激进主义相关问题。
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Pub Date : 2021-06-28DOI: 10.53397/hunnu.jflc.202101011
Sreeparna Das
By turns brutal and beautiful, Carolina de Robertis’s 2019 novel Cantoras explores twelve years of violent Uruguayan dictatorship where five women of different ages, social, economic, and familial circumstances are yet all equally affected by misogyny, homophobia, and political repression. The women come together to create a haven of freedom wherein to navigate their sexuality without being criminalized, in the middle of a place where freedom for a better future seems to belong to “another bohemian era of dreams.” Pieced together from the real-life oral narratives and testimonies of hundreds, lost or silenced in the mainstream din, the novel brings to life a portrait of queer love and forgotten history unlike any other. This essay aims a close reading of the socio-political environment of the novel from dictatorship to the revolution which makes the journey that these women take from social isolation to widespread acceptance, their achievements, losses, and resilience shine all the more.
卡罗琳娜·德·罗伯蒂斯（Carolina de Robartis）2019年的小说《坎特拉斯》（Cantras）时而残酷，时而美丽，探讨了乌拉圭12年的暴力独裁统治，五位不同年龄、社会、经济和家庭环境的女性都同样受到厌女症、恐同症和政治镇压的影响。这些女性聚集在一起，创造了一个自由的天堂，在这个天堂里，她们可以在不被定罪的情况下驾驭自己的性取向，在这个地方，为了更美好的未来，自由似乎属于“另一个波西米亚梦想时代”，这部小说生动地描绘了一段奇特的爱情和被遗忘的历史。本文旨在细读小说从独裁到革命的社会政治环境，这使得这些女性从社会孤立到被广泛接受的历程，她们的成就、损失和韧性更加闪耀。
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