Based on the background of engine lightweight and low noise, this paper used the 3D modeling software Pro/E to build the mathematical model of a high speed engine. The finite element mesh was divided by ICEM. The structural vibration of the engine complete machine was calculated by combining finite element theory with multi-body dynamics. By using the Timing Drive and Power Unit in AVL Excite, the multi-input parameter’s coupled calculation of the gas distribution mechanism and crankshaft connecting rod was carried out. External loads such as output torque and gas explosion pressure and internal loads such as piston cylinder sleeve thrust and valve system excitation force were added to the complete machine multi-body dynamics model by means of coupling calculation. In this paper, the vibration response characteristics of the engine complete machine and internal loads were further studied and the main excitation of vibration was combined with the analysis of cloud map and main surface area.
{"title":"Analysis of Vibration Noise of A Certain Type of Turbocharged Direct Jet Engine Complete Machine","authors":"Fengyu Xu, Yonghua Wang, Q. Yu, W. Cheng, Jinkai Xu, Huadong Yu","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552193","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the background of engine lightweight and low noise, this paper used the 3D modeling software Pro/E to build the mathematical model of a high speed engine. The finite element mesh was divided by ICEM. The structural vibration of the engine complete machine was calculated by combining finite element theory with multi-body dynamics. By using the Timing Drive and Power Unit in AVL Excite, the multi-input parameter’s coupled calculation of the gas distribution mechanism and crankshaft connecting rod was carried out. External loads such as output torque and gas explosion pressure and internal loads such as piston cylinder sleeve thrust and valve system excitation force were added to the complete machine multi-body dynamics model by means of coupling calculation. In this paper, the vibration response characteristics of the engine complete machine and internal loads were further studied and the main excitation of vibration was combined with the analysis of cloud map and main surface area.","PeriodicalId":6583,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"54 1","pages":"214-218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86882142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552185
Hongpeng Shang, DeGui Sun, Huilin Jiang
Sidewall-roughness Scattering loss is one of the important parameters affecting waveguide performance. We use the numerical simulation to find the correspondence between roughness and scattering coefficient. This paper is mainly focused on the limitation analyses for the sidewall roughness (SWR) measurements of microstructures with a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). The CLSM can be used to measure the SWR of a large area without damaging the wafer. The CLSM-metrology is investigated to overcome the intrinsic limitations of SEM-metrology with the average value over a large region. Finally, with the average SWR values of 90-110nm are obtained with CLSM that are agreeable with the measured SWR values of 88-105nm obtained with a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
{"title":"Waveguide Roughness Measuring Metrology with Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM)","authors":"Hongpeng Shang, DeGui Sun, Huilin Jiang","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552185","url":null,"abstract":"Sidewall-roughness Scattering loss is one of the important parameters affecting waveguide performance. We use the numerical simulation to find the correspondence between roughness and scattering coefficient. This paper is mainly focused on the limitation analyses for the sidewall roughness (SWR) measurements of microstructures with a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). The CLSM can be used to measure the SWR of a large area without damaging the wafer. The CLSM-metrology is investigated to overcome the intrinsic limitations of SEM-metrology with the average value over a large region. Finally, with the average SWR values of 90-110nm are obtained with CLSM that are agreeable with the measured SWR values of 88-105nm obtained with a scanning electron microscope (SEM).","PeriodicalId":6583,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"134 1","pages":"155-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86325871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552238
Henry Francis, Si Chen, Kaijun Che, Yun-Ran Wang, Chih-Hua Ho, M. Hopkinson, C. Jin, Chaoyuan Jin
A commonly used technique to generate an optical frequency comb (OFC) generation is to cascade intensity and phase electro-optical modulators [1]. Nanoscale all-optical devices can also achieve intensity and phase modulation, however the use of these modulators to generate OFCs has hitherto not been addressed. In this paper a mathematical model is introduced to simulate an all-optical modulator, based on temporal coupled mode theory. The techniques used in electro-optical modulators to generate an OFC are then extended to function on the nanoscale. Using this model, it is theoretically demonstrated that all-optical modulation of a nanophotonic device can generate an OFC.
{"title":"Modulating Photonic Crystal Structures to Generate Optical Frequency Combs","authors":"Henry Francis, Si Chen, Kaijun Che, Yun-Ran Wang, Chih-Hua Ho, M. Hopkinson, C. Jin, Chaoyuan Jin","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552238","url":null,"abstract":"A commonly used technique to generate an optical frequency comb (OFC) generation is to cascade intensity and phase electro-optical modulators [1]. Nanoscale all-optical devices can also achieve intensity and phase modulation, however the use of these modulators to generate OFCs has hitherto not been addressed. In this paper a mathematical model is introduced to simulate an all-optical modulator, based on temporal coupled mode theory. The techniques used in electro-optical modulators to generate an OFC are then extended to function on the nanoscale. Using this model, it is theoretically demonstrated that all-optical modulation of a nanophotonic device can generate an OFC.","PeriodicalId":6583,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"21 1","pages":"55-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80039421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552209
Zhiming Zhang, Guangbo Hao, P. Yan
Linear optical encoders with a nano-resolution have been widely applied in various precision engineering fields for displacement feedback supporting micro/nano motions regulated by feedback control systems. However such sensing method is sensitive to assembly tolerance in the lateral motion (perpendicular to the primary direction), which limits its applications to single-axis motion systems or very small stroke multi-axis motion systems. In this paper, a large range X-Y parallel flexure-beam based micro-motion system is developed with an enhanced sensing framework employing two linear optical encoders to measure the two-axis large outputs. Meanwhile, both the open-loop and preliminary closed-loop experiments are conducted, demonstrating effectiveness of the proposed design and accurate sensing capability of the sensing framework.
{"title":"A Large Range X-Y Parallel Micro-motion System with Optical Encoder Displacement Feedback","authors":"Zhiming Zhang, Guangbo Hao, P. Yan","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552209","url":null,"abstract":"Linear optical encoders with a nano-resolution have been widely applied in various precision engineering fields for displacement feedback supporting micro/nano motions regulated by feedback control systems. However such sensing method is sensitive to assembly tolerance in the lateral motion (perpendicular to the primary direction), which limits its applications to single-axis motion systems or very small stroke multi-axis motion systems. In this paper, a large range X-Y parallel flexure-beam based micro-motion system is developed with an enhanced sensing framework employing two linear optical encoders to measure the two-axis large outputs. Meanwhile, both the open-loop and preliminary closed-loop experiments are conducted, demonstrating effectiveness of the proposed design and accurate sensing capability of the sensing framework.","PeriodicalId":6583,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"26 1","pages":"283-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77459590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552170
Litong Dong, Lu Wang, Mengnan Liu, M. Yu, Zuobin Wang, Ziang Zhang, Dayou Li
This paper reports a method for the fabrication of 3D Si-Au hierarchical nanostructures to improve the optical performances through four-beam laser interference lithography (LIL) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching. The 3D Si-Au hierarchical nanostructures were composed of silicon tapered pillar arrays, Au grids, and Au islands, and they demonstrated wide-angle antireflective properties less than 25% reflection in the entire visible wavelengths. In addition, many special properties could be obtained by displacing the islands and grid of the hierarchical structure with other metal material due to the flexibility of LIL and ICP etching.
{"title":"Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Si-Au Hierarchical Nanostructures by Laser Interference Lithography","authors":"Litong Dong, Lu Wang, Mengnan Liu, M. Yu, Zuobin Wang, Ziang Zhang, Dayou Li","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552170","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports a method for the fabrication of 3D Si-Au hierarchical nanostructures to improve the optical performances through four-beam laser interference lithography (LIL) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching. The 3D Si-Au hierarchical nanostructures were composed of silicon tapered pillar arrays, Au grids, and Au islands, and they demonstrated wide-angle antireflective properties less than 25% reflection in the entire visible wavelengths. In addition, many special properties could be obtained by displacing the islands and grid of the hierarchical structure with other metal material due to the flexibility of LIL and ICP etching.","PeriodicalId":6583,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"29 1","pages":"197-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87635328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552236
Zhengxun Song, Zuobin Wang, Lanjiao Liu, Li Li, V. Koledov, P. Lega, S. V. Gratovsky, D. Kuchin, A. Irzhak
The forces of interaction between objects on the nanoscale greatly affect the process of 3D nanomapulation. The work is devoted to an experimental study of the sticking force of nanoobjects (ZnO nanowhiskers) to a micro nanomanipulator (composite nanotweezers Ti2NiCu with shape memory effect (SME). Surface interaction is very important, at the both stages of capture, and detachment from the substrate of the nanoobject, and when the object is freed from capture and fixed to a new substrate. The interaction was observed in a SEM equipped with a Kleindiek micromanipulator. The nanotweezers were fixed on the tip of tungsten microwire. It approached and removed from the ZnO nanowhisker. The critical distance at which the attraction begins to appear was determined for the metal surface of the nanotweezers and for the surface covered with thin ZnO film.
{"title":"Interaction Forces on Nanoscale: Manipulator-Object-Surface","authors":"Zhengxun Song, Zuobin Wang, Lanjiao Liu, Li Li, V. Koledov, P. Lega, S. V. Gratovsky, D. Kuchin, A. Irzhak","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552236","url":null,"abstract":"The forces of interaction between objects on the nanoscale greatly affect the process of 3D nanomapulation. The work is devoted to an experimental study of the sticking force of nanoobjects (ZnO nanowhiskers) to a micro nanomanipulator (composite nanotweezers Ti2NiCu with shape memory effect (SME). Surface interaction is very important, at the both stages of capture, and detachment from the substrate of the nanoobject, and when the object is freed from capture and fixed to a new substrate. The interaction was observed in a SEM equipped with a Kleindiek micromanipulator. The nanotweezers were fixed on the tip of tungsten microwire. It approached and removed from the ZnO nanowhisker. The critical distance at which the attraction begins to appear was determined for the metal surface of the nanotweezers and for the surface covered with thin ZnO film.","PeriodicalId":6583,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"71 1","pages":"110-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85698281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552167
Defu Zhang, Huanan Chen, Pengzhi Li, M. Ni, K. Guo, Dongping Wang, Zhi-Gang Wu, Jianguo Zhang
Motivated by the requirement of developing a high resolution, high precision and low parasitic motion positioning stage for spatial micro-/nanomanipulation, a six- DOF parallel flexure mechanism was analyzed in this paper. Tens of micrometers travel range and tens of nanometers resolution can be achieved. The stage has three flexible parallel limbs. To improve the resolution and linearity of the output displacement, a lever-bipod-lever displacement reduction mechanism was used for each limb. The lever mechanism can also be replaced by Scott-Russell and four-bar mechanisms. Levers were taken as an example for detailed design in the paper. Based on the matrix method, the output compliance model of the mechanism was established. The analytical model and the FEA result show a deviation of 21.74%. The FEA results also show that the first-order natural frequency of the mechanism is 188.84Hz when there is no load on the moveable platform. The experimental test results show that the open loop stroke of the mechanism is larger than 80μm × 80μm × 60μm × 400μrad × 400μrad × 600μrad and the resolution is better than 10nm × 10nm × 5nm × 100nrad × 100nrad × 200nrad. The experimental results demonstrate that the mechanism proposed in this paper is expected to be applied to micro-/nanopositioning.
{"title":"A Six-DOF Micro-/Nanopositioning System","authors":"Defu Zhang, Huanan Chen, Pengzhi Li, M. Ni, K. Guo, Dongping Wang, Zhi-Gang Wu, Jianguo Zhang","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552167","url":null,"abstract":"Motivated by the requirement of developing a high resolution, high precision and low parasitic motion positioning stage for spatial micro-/nanomanipulation, a six- DOF parallel flexure mechanism was analyzed in this paper. Tens of micrometers travel range and tens of nanometers resolution can be achieved. The stage has three flexible parallel limbs. To improve the resolution and linearity of the output displacement, a lever-bipod-lever displacement reduction mechanism was used for each limb. The lever mechanism can also be replaced by Scott-Russell and four-bar mechanisms. Levers were taken as an example for detailed design in the paper. Based on the matrix method, the output compliance model of the mechanism was established. The analytical model and the FEA result show a deviation of 21.74%. The FEA results also show that the first-order natural frequency of the mechanism is 188.84Hz when there is no load on the moveable platform. The experimental test results show that the open loop stroke of the mechanism is larger than 80μm × 80μm × 60μm × 400μrad × 400μrad × 600μrad and the resolution is better than 10nm × 10nm × 5nm × 100nrad × 100nrad × 200nrad. The experimental results demonstrate that the mechanism proposed in this paper is expected to be applied to micro-/nanopositioning.","PeriodicalId":6583,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"5 1","pages":"298-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85740246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552187
Mengjia Cui, Zhen Zhang
This paper proposes an anticipatory anti-windup time-varying internal principle-based control design for an XY compliant nanomanipulator to achieve large stroke trajectory tracking. The design of the anticipatory anti-windup compensator is decoupled with the time-varying internal principle-based structure to facilitate the integrated controller design. The proposed control algorithm is experimentally validated, where the tracking error of the reference generated by time-varying exosystem is 73.03nm (RMS) and enhanced tracking performance with saturation is demonstrated by a significant error reduction compared with the conventional anti-windup compensation.
{"title":"Large Stroke Tracking of a Nanomanipulator with Anticipatory Anti-windup Compensation of Time-varying Internal Principle-based Control","authors":"Mengjia Cui, Zhen Zhang","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552187","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an anticipatory anti-windup time-varying internal principle-based control design for an XY compliant nanomanipulator to achieve large stroke trajectory tracking. The design of the anticipatory anti-windup compensator is decoupled with the time-varying internal principle-based structure to facilitate the integrated controller design. The proposed control algorithm is experimentally validated, where the tracking error of the reference generated by time-varying exosystem is 73.03nm (RMS) and enhanced tracking performance with saturation is demonstrated by a significant error reduction compared with the conventional anti-windup compensation.","PeriodicalId":6583,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"5 1","pages":"186-191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81481717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552245
Q. Yu, W. Cheng, Fengyu Xu, Huadong Yu, Jinkai Xu, Yonghua Wang
As the demand for high speed and light weight of automobiles continues to increase, the requirements for power, volume and weight of the engine are also increasing. In the design and development of automobile engine cylinder head, the finite element analysis of its structural strength, stiffness and finite element model is used to analyze the static strength and finite element modal analysis of the cylinder head. The natural frequency and mode state of the cylinder head structure under the free mode and restrained mode are simulated and calculated, and the reliability of the structure is proved to be reliable. It provides a theoretical reference for subsequent casing design
{"title":"Free Modal Calculation of Cylinder Head of an Engine","authors":"Q. Yu, W. Cheng, Fengyu Xu, Huadong Yu, Jinkai Xu, Yonghua Wang","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552245","url":null,"abstract":"As the demand for high speed and light weight of automobiles continues to increase, the requirements for power, volume and weight of the engine are also increasing. In the design and development of automobile engine cylinder head, the finite element analysis of its structural strength, stiffness and finite element model is used to analyze the static strength and finite element modal analysis of the cylinder head. The natural frequency and mode state of the cylinder head structure under the free mode and restrained mode are simulated and calculated, and the reliability of the structure is proved to be reliable. It provides a theoretical reference for subsequent casing design","PeriodicalId":6583,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"34 1","pages":"205-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89387355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552218
Denghua Li, Zhemin Li, Shiwei Xu, Deng-hua Li, Yanlian Yang, Han Yan
Thermal stability is very important for real application of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells. In this work, we report the thermal stability and degradation behavior of the BHJ solar cells. The evolution of the local structures and in situ charge separation and transport were revealed by electrical scanning probe microscopy (ESPM). The BHJ solar cells are composed of a 2D conjugated thienyl-substituted BDT with substituted TT (PBDTTT-C-T) or conventional semicrystalline poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as the electron donors and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) or indene-C60 bisadduct (ICBA) as the acceptors. Among these four material pair-wise combinations, the PBDTTT-C-T/ICBA combination show highest thermal stability (the PCE declined by 10.77%) while the P3HT/PCBM combination shown worst (declined by 42.82%). Morphological and charge information with nanoscale resolution were provided. The hole transport and mobility of the P3HT-based BHJ blend films declined significantly after the aging treatment. However, for the PBDTTT-C-T-based BHJ system, the hole current was even enhanced. Physical evolution processes were proposed to depict the thermal aging effects within the active layer. This work provides new insights into the rational design of thermally stable photovoltaic systems by considering mesoscopic heterogeneity.
{"title":"Thermal Stability of Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaics Revealed by Electrical Scanning Probe Microscopy","authors":"Denghua Li, Zhemin Li, Shiwei Xu, Deng-hua Li, Yanlian Yang, Han Yan","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2018.8552218","url":null,"abstract":"Thermal stability is very important for real application of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells. In this work, we report the thermal stability and degradation behavior of the BHJ solar cells. The evolution of the local structures and in situ charge separation and transport were revealed by electrical scanning probe microscopy (ESPM). The BHJ solar cells are composed of a 2D conjugated thienyl-substituted BDT with substituted TT (PBDTTT-C-T) or conventional semicrystalline poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as the electron donors and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) or indene-C60 bisadduct (ICBA) as the acceptors. Among these four material pair-wise combinations, the PBDTTT-C-T/ICBA combination show highest thermal stability (the PCE declined by 10.77%) while the P3HT/PCBM combination shown worst (declined by 42.82%). Morphological and charge information with nanoscale resolution were provided. The hole transport and mobility of the P3HT-based BHJ blend films declined significantly after the aging treatment. However, for the PBDTTT-C-T-based BHJ system, the hole current was even enhanced. Physical evolution processes were proposed to depict the thermal aging effects within the active layer. This work provides new insights into the rational design of thermally stable photovoltaic systems by considering mesoscopic heterogeneity.","PeriodicalId":6583,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"327 1","pages":"390-396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89692592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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