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2017 IEEE 15th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)最新文献

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Empirical propagation performance evaluation of LoRa for indoor environment 室内环境下LoRa传播性能的经验评价
Pub Date : 2017-07-24 DOI: 10.1109/INDIN.2017.8104741
Salaheddin Hosseinzadeh, H. Larijani, K. Curtis, A. Wixted, Amin Amini
Wireless sensors are increasingly being used for smart Buildings. LoRa is a chirp spread spectrum (CSS) technology. Its CSS modulation provides wide bandwidth, increased processing gain and higher receiver sensitivity. Propagation analysis of this long-range low power wireless platform is essential to make it a prevailing technology of choice for IoT. This paper empirically evaluates the indoor propagation performance of LoRa. The practical measurements were critically analyzed against four propagation models; ITU site generic, log-distance, multi-wall and 3D ray tracing. Data was collected in the Hanover building at Glasgow Caledonian University using the LoRa transceivers. The aims of this research were (1) to assess the indoor propagation performance of LoRa technology and (2) to identify the model that best describes the indoor propagation of LoRa. The study concluded that multi-wall has the best overall performance amongst the models. This research work will facilitate the link budget design, network implementation and coverage diagnosis in similar indoor scenarios.
无线传感器越来越多地用于智能建筑。LoRa是一种啁啾扩频(CSS)技术。其CSS调制提供宽带宽,增加处理增益和更高的接收器灵敏度。这种远程低功耗无线平台的传播分析对于使其成为物联网的主流技术选择至关重要。本文对LoRa的室内传播性能进行了实证评价。根据四种传播模型对实际测量结果进行了批判性分析;国际电联站点通用、长距离、多墙和3D光线追踪。数据是在格拉斯哥卡利多尼亚大学的汉诺威大楼中使用LoRa收发器收集的。本研究的目的是:(1)评估LoRa技术的室内传播性能;(2)确定最能描述LoRa室内传播的模型。研究结果表明,多层墙体的综合性能最好。本研究将有助于类似室内场景下的链路预算设计、网络实施和覆盖诊断。
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引用次数: 51
Automation, per se, is not job elimination: How artificial intelligence forwards cooperative human-machine coexistence 自动化本身并不是消灭工作:人工智能如何促进人机协作共存
Pub Date : 2017-07-24 DOI: 10.1109/INDIN.2017.8104891
Oussama H. Hamid, N. L. Smith, Amin Barzanji
Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, combined with developments in neuromorphic hardware technologies and ubiquitous computing, promote machines to emulate human perceptual and cognitive abilities in a way that will continue the trend of automation for several upcoming decades. Despite the gloomy scenario of automation as a job eliminator, we argue humans and machines can cross-fertilise in a way that forwards a cooperative coexistence. We build our argument on three pillars: (i) the economic mechanism of automation, (ii) the dichotomy of ‘experience’ that separates the first-person perspective of humans from artificial learning algorithms, and (iii) the interdependent relationship between humans and machines. To realise this vision, policy makers have to implement alternative educational approaches that support lifelong training and flexible job transitions.
人工智能(AI)和机器学习的最新进展,加上神经形态硬件技术和普适计算的发展,促使机器以一种将在未来几十年延续自动化趋势的方式模仿人类的感知和认知能力。尽管自动化会消灭工作,但我们认为人类和机器可以以一种促进合作共存的方式交叉受精。我们的论点建立在三个支柱上:(i)自动化的经济机制,(ii)将人类第一人称视角与人工学习算法分开的“经验”二分法,以及(iii)人与机器之间的相互依存关系。为了实现这一愿景,政策制定者必须实施支持终身培训和灵活工作转换的替代教育方法。
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引用次数: 34
Detection of regime switching points in non-stationary sequences using stochastic learning based weak estimation method 基于随机学习的弱估计方法检测非平稳序列的状态切换点
Pub Date : 2017-07-24 DOI: 10.1109/INDIN.2017.8104873
Ezdin Aslanci, Kutalmış Coşkun, P. Schüller, M. Tümer
In general, dynamic systems are systems with time-dependent behavior. Dynamic systems are characterized by the non-stationary data sequences they emit. One particular way to model these non-stationary sequences is to consider them as a sequence of stationary segments, regimes, where each regime is separated by regime switching points from both the preceding and subsequent regimes. In system identification and monitoring applications, it is crucial to correctly and timely detect these regime switching points. One promising estimation method that may be used for detecting regime switching points is the stochastic learning based weak estimation (SLWE) method by Oommen and Rueda. We use SLWE for estimating First Order Markov (FOM) probabilities between symbols emitted by a system and for predicting regime switching points. A switching point is detected when the SLWE estimator unlearns, i.e., adapts estimates of FOM probabilities to new observations, such that the estimate re-converges to a new value that reflects, for the new regime, the FOM dependency of system output tokens. In experiments with a real Dataset for Human Activity Recognition, we see that our method has attractive efficiency (time and space) and similar accuracy compared with the state-of the-art. Experiments with synthetic data, where we controlled noise and Hamming distance between regimes, show promising accuracy for noise rates up to 25%, a rate at which accuracy of state-of-the-art methods deteriorates. Our method is flexible and can be configured to use not only FOM but also second-order and prior symbol probabilities, and combinations thereof.
一般来说,动态系统是具有时间依赖行为的系统。动态系统以其发出的非平稳数据序列为特征。对这些非平稳序列进行建模的一种特殊方法是将它们视为平稳片段、状态的序列,其中每个状态都由前状态和后状态的状态切换点分开。在系统识别和监控应用中,正确、及时地检测这些状态切换点是至关重要的。Oommen和Rueda提出的基于随机学习的弱估计(SLWE)方法是一种很有希望用于检测状态切换点的估计方法。我们使用SLWE来估计系统发出的符号之间的一阶马尔可夫(FOM)概率和预测状态切换点。当SLWE估计器不学习时,即将FOM概率的估计调整到新的观测值时,检测到切换点,使得估计重新收敛到一个新的值,该值反映了新状态下系统输出令牌的FOM依赖性。在人类活动识别真实数据集的实验中,我们看到我们的方法与最先进的方法相比具有吸引力的效率(时间和空间)和相似的准确性。在合成数据的实验中,我们控制了不同体制之间的噪声和汉明距离,结果表明,在噪声率高达25%的情况下,最先进方法的准确性会下降。我们的方法很灵活,不仅可以配置为使用FOM,还可以配置为使用二阶和先验符号概率,以及它们的组合。
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引用次数: 4
CSP-based inference of function block finite-state models from execution traces 基于csp的基于执行轨迹的功能块有限状态模型推理
Pub Date : 2017-07-24 DOI: 10.1109/INDIN.2017.8104860
D. Chivilikhin, V. Ulyantsev, A. Shalyto, V. Vyatkin
A method for inferring finite-state models of function blocks from given execution traces based on translation to the constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) is proposed. In contrast to the previous method based on a metaheuristic algorithm, the approach suggested in this paper is exact: it allows to find a solution if it exists or to prove the opposite. The proposed method is evaluated on the example of constructing a finite-state model of a controller for a Pick-and-Place manipulator and is shown to be significantly faster then the metaheuristic algorithm.
提出了一种基于约束满足问题(CSP)的从给定执行轨迹推断功能块有限状态模型的方法。与之前基于元启发式算法的方法相比,本文提出的方法是精确的:它允许找到一个解,如果它存在或证明相反。通过构建一个拾取机械手控制器的有限状态模型的实例对该方法进行了评估,结果表明该方法明显快于元启发式算法。
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引用次数: 5
Migration from traditional towards cyber-physical production systems 从传统生产系统向网络物理生产系统的迁移
Pub Date : 2017-07-24 DOI: 10.1109/INDIN.2017.8104935
Ambra Calá, A. Lüder, A. Cachada, Flávia Pires, J. Barbosa, P. Leitão, M. Gepp
Nowadays, many organizations intend to convert their existing production systems towards ones that are terized by adaptability, openness, flexibility and modularity. This requires a redesign of existing information processing systems especially related to control, leading possibly to cyber-physical production systems (CPPS). However, the implementation of new control technologies will have a direct impact on the normal operational status of production while engineers will also face several challenges and obstacles in adopting intelligent automation systems. New step-wise migration strategies are required to holistically support industries in their journey towards CPPS taking into account technical, economic and social aspects. This paper discusses the migration state-of-the-art strategies, analyzing them and providing a first attempt to define a migration approach for innovative production systems.
如今,许多组织打算将其现有的生产系统转换为具有适应性、开放性、灵活性和模块化的生产系统。这需要重新设计现有的信息处理系统,特别是与控制相关的信息处理系统,可能导致网络物理生产系统(CPPS)。然而,新的控制技术的实施将直接影响到生产的正常运行状态,而工程师在采用智能自动化系统时也将面临一些挑战和障碍。需要采取新的分步迁移战略,在考虑到技术、经济和社会方面的情况下,全面支持工业走向CPPS。本文讨论了迁移的最新策略,分析了它们,并首次尝试为创新生产系统定义迁移方法。
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引用次数: 22
The relational model: In search for lean and mean CPS technology 关系模型:寻求精益平均的CPS技术
Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/INDIN.2017.8104758
A. Bonci, M. Pirani, A. Dragoni, A. Cucchiarelli, S. Longhi
The complexity of cyber-physical systems (CPSs) poses new challenges in their design, model checking and maintenance. The hardware and software designers are in search, more than ever, for simple and interoperable approaches that render the complexity of CPSs a treatable matter. In this work, database language is suggested as an enabling technology and a lean technique to the purpose. An example with best available embedded database technology is conducted by means of a deployment test on tiny embedded electronics.
网络物理系统(cps)的复杂性对其设计、模型检测和维护提出了新的挑战。硬件和软件设计师比以往任何时候都更热衷于寻找简单和可互操作的方法,以使cps的复杂性成为一个可处理的问题。在这项工作中,数据库语言被认为是一种使能技术和精益技术。通过在微型嵌入式电子设备上的部署测试,给出了一个具有最佳嵌入式数据库技术的实例。
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引用次数: 13
Specification and design of an industrial manufacturing middleware 工业制造中间件的规范与设计
Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/INDIN.2017.8104937
Frederik Gosewehr, Jeffrey Wermann, Waldemar Borsych, A. Colombo
The European innovation project PERFoRM (Production harmonizEd Reconfiguration of Flexible Robots and Machinery) is aiming for a harmonized integration of research results in the area of flexible and reconfigurable manufacturing systems. Based on the cyber-physical system (CPS) paradigm, existing technologies and concepts are researched and integrated in an architecture which is enabling the application of these new technologies in real industrial environments. To implement such a flexible cyber-physical system, one of the core requirements for each involved component is a harmonized communication, which enables the capability to collaborate with each other in an intelligent way. But especially when integrating multiple already existing production components into such a cyber-physical system, one of the major issues is to deal with the various communication protocols and data representations coming with each individual cyber-physical component. To tackle this issue, the solution foreseen within PERFoRM's architecture is to use an integration platform, the PERFoRM Industrial Manufacturing Middleware, to enable all connected components to interact with each other through the Middleware and without having to implement new interfaces for each. This paper describes the basic requirements of such a Middleware and how it fits into the PERFoRM architecture and gives an overview about the internal design and functionality.
欧洲创新项目PERFoRM(柔性机器人和机械的生产协调重构)旨在协调集成柔性和可重构制造系统领域的研究成果。基于网络物理系统(CPS)范式,研究现有技术和概念并将其集成到一个架构中,使这些新技术能够在实际工业环境中应用。为了实现这样一个灵活的网络物理系统,每个相关组件的核心需求之一是协调通信,这使得能够以智能的方式相互协作。但是,特别是当将多个已经存在的生产组件集成到这样一个网络物理系统中时,主要问题之一是处理每个单独的网络物理组件带来的各种通信协议和数据表示。为了解决这个问题,在PERFoRM的体系结构中预见的解决方案是使用一个集成平台,即PERFoRM工业制造中间件,使所有连接的组件能够通过中间件相互交互,而不必为每个组件实现新的接口。本文描述了这种中间件的基本需求,以及它如何适应PERFoRM体系结构,并概述了其内部设计和功能。
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引用次数: 9
Reconfigurable devices based experimentation supporting teaching introductory digital systems 基于可重构装置的实验支持教学导论数字系统
Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/INDIN.2017.8104829
L. Gomes, Anikó Costa, F. Moutinho, P. Maló
This paper presents the results of a survey conducted with students from two courses in the area of digital systems design that took place at the Faculty of Sciences and Technology of Nova University of Lisbon during the first semester of the academic year of 2016/2017. One of the courses is at the introductory level and the other at the intermediate/advanced level, playing an importance role for teaching embedded and cyber-physical systems. In common, the two courses have an experimentation kit that contains a low-cost FPGA (Spartan-3 from Xilinx) that is made available to each group of students throughout the whole semester for the advanced digital systems course, or during the second half of the semester in the case of the introductory course. The survey attempted to perceive the degrees of importance acknowledge by students to different aspects of the infrastructure to support the digital systems laboratories, confirming the importance to have access to experimentation with physical devices even outside laboratory classes.
本文介绍了2016/2017学年第一学期在里斯本新大学科学与技术学院对数字系统设计领域的两门课程的学生进行的调查结果。其中一门是入门级课程,另一门是中高级课程,在嵌入式和网络物理系统的教学中起着重要的作用。通常,这两门课程都有一个实验套件,其中包含一个低成本的FPGA(来自Xilinx的Spartan-3),可以在整个学期的高级数字系统课程中提供给每组学生,或者在介绍性课程的下半学期提供给每组学生。该调查试图了解学生对支持数字系统实验室的基础设施的不同方面的重要性程度,确认即使在实验课程之外也可以使用物理设备进行实验的重要性。
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引用次数: 1
An ultrasonic-based localization system for underground mines 一种基于超声的地下矿山定位系统
Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/INDIN.2017.8104761
JP Jordaan, CP Kruger, BJ Silva, GP Hancke
Localization is important for a wide range of industries and applications. In underground mining, for instance, it is helpful to know the miners' locations, particularly in emergency situations. One way this can be achieved is by using ultrasonic based localization. This paper presents the design and implementation of a wireless sensor network which can be deployed in underground mines to perform time-difference-of-arrival based localization. It is shown that the implemented ultrasound receivers are resistant to noisy conditions that may arise in harsh underground environments.
本地化对于许多行业和应用来说都很重要。例如,在地下采矿中,了解矿工的位置是很有帮助的,特别是在紧急情况下。实现这一目标的一种方法是使用基于超声波的定位。本文设计并实现了一种可部署在地下矿山的无线传感器网络,实现了基于到达时差的定位。结果表明,所实现的超声接收机能够抵抗恶劣的地下环境中可能出现的噪声条件。
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引用次数: 7
Context sensitive collaborative product service system development environment 上下文敏感的协同产品服务系统开发环境
Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/INDIN.2017.8104942
A. Correia, D. Stokic, S. Scholze
Manufacturing companies today instead of selling classical products turn more to offer Product Service Systems (PSS). The development of PSS in manufacturing industry requires intensive collaboration among various actors across the value chain. Innovative collaborative ICT environment including sets of advanced tools allowing for effective PSS development are needed. Enormous amount of knowledge to be gathered and shared under dynamically changing conditions, and diffused to a wide spectrum of actors involved, having different expertise and working conditions/cultures, asks for effective context sensitive solutions for knowledge capturing, analysis and diffusion. The paper presents a novel approach for context sensitivity of tools to support collaborative PSS development. The proposed solution is one of the first attempts to provide holistic methodology and set of software services allowing for context sensitivity of diverse PSS engineering tools. The context model based on ontology and the set of services for context monitoring and extraction are specified and developed. The application of the proposed solution in machine industry for collaborative PSS development is discussed.
今天的制造公司不再销售传统产品,而是更多地提供产品服务系统(PSS)。制造业中PSS的发展需要价值链上各参与者之间的密切合作。需要创新的协作ICT环境,包括允许有效开发PSS的先进工具。在动态变化的条件下,需要收集和共享大量的知识,并传播给具有不同专业知识和工作条件/文化的广泛参与者,这就需要有效的上下文敏感解决方案来获取、分析和传播知识。本文提出了一种支持协同PSS开发的工具上下文敏感性的新方法。提出的解决方案是提供整体方法和软件服务集的第一次尝试之一,该方法和软件服务集允许各种PSS工程工具的上下文敏感性。提出并开发了基于本体的上下文模型和用于上下文监控和抽取的服务集。讨论了该方案在机械工业协同PSS开发中的应用。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2017 IEEE 15th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)
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