Pub Date : 2025-06-16DOI: 10.1016/j.gce.2025.06.005
Yuan Yao , Yingying Cao , Long Liu , Yanqiang Zhang
Three-membered cyclic compounds are a fascinating class of compounds: they have the maximum torsional and angular strain (sp3 hybridization but bond angles deviate from 109°28’), and possess unique physical and chemical properties. A lot of effort has been devoted to their synthesis and applications in recent years. This review provides an overview of various synthesis strategies for three-membered cyclic compounds, and summarizes the proposed reaction mechanisms and key issues such as structure-property relationships through specific examples. Meanwhile, the advantages and disadvantages of different synthesis strategies were discussed, including the recently developed electrochemical synthesis methods. Finally, the prospects and challenges for further scientific research and practical applications of three-membered cyclic compounds were emphasized. The summary of three-membered cyclic compounds is beneficial for the development and utilization of novel functionalized molecules.
{"title":"Unique compounds functionalized with three-membered cyclic structures","authors":"Yuan Yao , Yingying Cao , Long Liu , Yanqiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.gce.2025.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gce.2025.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Three-membered cyclic compounds are a fascinating class of compounds: they have the maximum torsional and angular strain (sp<sup>3</sup> hybridization but bond angles deviate from 109°28’), and possess unique physical and chemical properties. A lot of effort has been devoted to their synthesis and applications in recent years. This review provides an overview of various synthesis strategies for three-membered cyclic compounds, and summarizes the proposed reaction mechanisms and key issues such as structure-property relationships through specific examples. Meanwhile, the advantages and disadvantages of different synthesis strategies were discussed, including the recently developed electrochemical synthesis methods. Finally, the prospects and challenges for further scientific research and practical applications of three-membered cyclic compounds were emphasized. The summary of three-membered cyclic compounds is beneficial for the development and utilization of novel functionalized molecules.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":66474,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemical Engineering","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 494-517"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The fundamental problems associated with structural inhomogeneities of hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs), such as surface terminations and host-guest heterostructures that govern their functionalities and growth mechanisms, remain a critical gap in knowledge. This arises from the lack of advanced real-space structural characterization tools with molecular precision. By leveraging state-of-the-art cryogenic low-dose electron microscopy, this work overcomes the beam damage limitations of traditional techniques and elucidates the crystal structures, surface terminations, and host-guest structures of HOFs at molecular-level. Real-space observations confirm lateral crystal growth consistent with the terrace-ledge-kink (TLK) model, but deviate from the classical monomer-addition mechanism. Instead, we propose a nonclassical cooperative multisite monomer-addition mechanism, where simultaneous monomer addition at both framework and guest sites eventually drives crystal faceting.
{"title":"Molecular-level imaging of hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks by cryogenic low-dose electron microscopy","authors":"Yikuan Liu , Yanbin Chen , Liwei Xia , Shuo Zhang, Zhangnan Zhong, Liwei Wang, Yujie Huang, Xinru Jiang, Mengru Bu, Qunfeng Zhang, Xiaonian Li, Yihan Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.gce.2025.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gce.2025.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fundamental problems associated with structural inhomogeneities of hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs), such as surface terminations and host-guest heterostructures that govern their functionalities and growth mechanisms, remain a critical gap in knowledge. This arises from the lack of advanced real-space structural characterization tools with molecular precision. By leveraging state-of-the-art cryogenic low-dose electron microscopy, this work overcomes the beam damage limitations of traditional techniques and elucidates the crystal structures, surface terminations, and host-guest structures of HOFs at molecular-level. Real-space observations confirm lateral crystal growth consistent with the terrace-ledge-kink (TLK) model, but deviate from the classical monomer-addition mechanism. Instead, we propose a nonclassical cooperative multisite monomer-addition mechanism, where simultaneous monomer addition at both framework and guest sites eventually drives crystal faceting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":66474,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemical Engineering","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 439-446"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-06DOI: 10.1016/j.gce.2025.05.006
Xiting Peng , Yi Shen Tew , Kai Zhao , Chi Wang , Ren'ai Li , Shanying Hu , Xiaonan Wang
Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing an important role in advancing green chemical engineering, while the lack of data remains a primary challenge in many fields. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are a promising alternative to traditional organic solvents. However, the exploration of new DES formulations has long been constrained by trial-and-error research methods, a preference for familiar formulations, and a lack of easily accessible DES databases. This study proposes a framework driven by large language models (LLMs) for accurately and efficiently extracting data in the DES field, accelerating knowledge discovery. By coordinating LLMs and tools through predefined code paths, we extracted 34,027 data records and 9,215 unique DES formulations from 14,602 research articles, achieving an accuracy of over 90%, thereby creating a comprehensive domain knowledge base. An LLM-driven interactive agent has been deployed on an online platform, further facilitating access to this structured data and enabling researchers to overcome data limitations and accelerate the discovery of new DES formulations.
{"title":"Unlocking deep eutectic solvent knowledge through a large language model-driven framework and an interactive AI agent","authors":"Xiting Peng , Yi Shen Tew , Kai Zhao , Chi Wang , Ren'ai Li , Shanying Hu , Xiaonan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.gce.2025.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gce.2025.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing an important role in advancing green chemical engineering, while the lack of data remains a primary challenge in many fields. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are a promising alternative to traditional organic solvents. However, the exploration of new DES formulations has long been constrained by trial-and-error research methods, a preference for familiar formulations, and a lack of easily accessible DES databases. This study proposes a framework driven by large language models (LLMs) for accurately and efficiently extracting data in the DES field, accelerating knowledge discovery. By coordinating LLMs and tools through predefined code paths, we extracted 34,027 data records and 9,215 unique DES formulations from 14,602 research articles, achieving an accuracy of over 90%, thereby creating a comprehensive domain knowledge base. An LLM-driven interactive agent has been deployed on an online platform, further facilitating access to this structured data and enabling researchers to overcome data limitations and accelerate the discovery of new DES formulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":66474,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemical Engineering","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 572-581"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-05DOI: 10.1016/j.gce.2025.06.001
Kaige Jia, Qiangbing Shi, Xiaoyan Ji
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have gained significant attention as potential absorbents for CO2 capture due to their tunable physicochemical properties and environmental sustainability. However, achieving a balance of thermal stability, absorption/desorption performance, and viscosity remains a critical challenge for industrial applications. To address this, a novel aqueous polyamine-based DES system was developed using an ionic liquid with high stability–PzCl (piperazine chloride, P), as a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA); a polyamine with multiple active sites, DETA (diethylenetriamine, D), as a hydrogen bond donor (HBD), and H2O as co-solvent. By systematically optimizing the molar ratio of PzCl to DETA, [PzCl][DETA] (PD) with a 1:5 molar ratio was identified as the optimal one based on the absorption capacity/rate, thermal stability, post-absorption viscosity, and desorption efficiency of its aqueous solution. Further investigation into the water content revealed that 30 wt% [PzCl][DETA] (1:5) effectively balanced the CO2 absorption capacity (0.168 g-CO2/g-absorbent) and desorption efficiency (54%), more outstanding than those of 30 wt% MEA (0.126 g-CO2/g-absorbent and 47%, respectively), and provided acceptable post-absorption viscosity (8.11 mPa·s), which was slightly higher than that of 30 wt% MEA (3.77 mPa·s) but lower than 10 mPa·s. These findings provide a scalable framework for designing sustainable absorbents that harmonize high performance with operational viability. This work bridges the gap between laboratory-scale innovations and industrial implementation in carbon capture technologies.
深共晶溶剂（DESs）由于其可调的物理化学性质和环境可持续性，作为二氧化碳捕获的潜在吸收剂受到了广泛的关注。然而，实现热稳定性、吸收/解吸性能和粘度的平衡仍然是工业应用的关键挑战。为了解决这一问题，研究人员开发了一种新型的基于聚胺的水基DES系统，该系统使用具有高稳定性的离子液体pzcl（氯化哌嗪，P）作为氢键受体（HBA）；具有多个活性位点的多胺，DETA（二乙烯三胺，D）为氢键供体（HBD）， H2O为助溶剂。通过对PzCl与DETA的摩尔比进行系统优化，通过对PzCl与DETA水溶液的吸附容量/速率、热稳定性、吸附后粘度和解吸效率的考察，确定了PzCl与DETA （PD）的摩尔比为1:5的最佳配比。进一步研究表明，30 wt% [PzCl][DETA]（1:5）有效地平衡了CO2吸收能力（0.168 g-CO2/g-吸附剂）和解吸效率（54%），比30 wt% MEA （0.126 g-CO2/g-吸附剂和47%）更为突出，并提供了可接受的吸附后粘度（8.11 mPa·s），略高于30 wt% MEA (3.77 mPa·s)，但低于10 mPa·s。这些发现为设计可持续吸收剂提供了一个可扩展的框架，以协调高性能和运营可行性。这项工作弥合了碳捕获技术在实验室规模创新和工业实施之间的差距。
{"title":"Aqueous polyamine-based deep eutectic solvent: balancing stability, CO2 absorption/desorption performance, and post-absorption viscosity","authors":"Kaige Jia, Qiangbing Shi, Xiaoyan Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.gce.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gce.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have gained significant attention as potential absorbents for CO<sub>2</sub> capture due to their tunable physicochemical properties and environmental sustainability. However, achieving a balance of thermal stability, absorption/desorption performance, and viscosity remains a critical challenge for industrial applications. To address this, a novel aqueous polyamine-based DES system was developed using an ionic liquid with high stability<strong>–</strong>PzCl (piperazine chloride, P), as a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA); a polyamine with multiple active sites, DETA (diethylenetriamine, D), as a hydrogen bond donor (HBD), and H<sub>2</sub>O as co-solvent. By systematically optimizing the molar ratio of PzCl to DETA, [PzCl][DETA] (PD) with a 1:5 molar ratio was identified as the optimal one based on the absorption capacity/rate, thermal stability, post-absorption viscosity, and desorption efficiency of its aqueous solution. Further investigation into the water content revealed that 30 wt% [PzCl][DETA] (1:5) effectively balanced the CO<sub>2</sub> absorption capacity (0.168 g-CO<sub>2</sub>/g-absorbent) and desorption efficiency (54%), more outstanding than those of 30 wt% MEA (0.126 g-CO<sub>2</sub>/g-absorbent and 47%, respectively), and provided acceptable post-absorption viscosity (8.11 mPa·s), which was slightly higher than that of 30 wt% MEA (3.77 mPa·s) but lower than 10 mPa·s. These findings provide a scalable framework for designing sustainable absorbents that harmonize high performance with operational viability. This work bridges the gap between laboratory-scale innovations and industrial implementation in carbon capture technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":66474,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemical Engineering","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 562-571"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-03DOI: 10.1016/j.gce.2025.05.010
Yunze Zhang , Jian Wang
The cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) plays a pivotal role in determining the energy density and cycling stability of lithium-ion batteries. However, its complex formation mechanisms, dynamic evolution, and interplay with battery components pose significant challenges for a fundamental understanding and targeted regulation. While prior research has focused on modifying bulk electrolyte solvation structures and applying inert cathode coatings, this perspective analyzes the mechanisms of CEI formation and stabilization, with particular emphasis on cathode pre-interphase engineering, near-surface electric double-layer modulation, and functional coating design. Future research prospects are outlined, highlighting the advanced in situ characterization techniques with high spatiotemporal resolution to probe transient interfacial processes, along with innovative strategies for constructing CEI architectures.
{"title":"Stabilizing the cathode-electrolyte interphase for superior Li-ion batteries","authors":"Yunze Zhang , Jian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.gce.2025.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gce.2025.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) plays a pivotal role in determining the energy density and cycling stability of lithium-ion batteries. However, its complex formation mechanisms, dynamic evolution, and interplay with battery components pose significant challenges for a fundamental understanding and targeted regulation. While prior research has focused on modifying bulk electrolyte solvation structures and applying inert cathode coatings, this perspective analyzes the mechanisms of CEI formation and stabilization, with particular emphasis on cathode pre-interphase engineering, near-surface electric double-layer modulation, and functional coating design. Future research prospects are outlined, highlighting the advanced <em>in situ</em> characterization techniques with high spatiotemporal resolution to probe transient interfacial processes, along with innovative strategies for constructing CEI architectures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":66474,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemical Engineering","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 447-455"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-30DOI: 10.1016/j.gce.2025.05.008
Zi-Lun Li , Liang Zheng , Li-Hua Wang , Yi-Qian Wei , Hai-Long Liao , Guang-Wen Chu , Yong Luo , Jian-Feng Chen
The internal circulation rotating packed beds (IN-RPBs) have been widely used in multiphase systems. However, its key component's liquid lifter suffers from the liquid lifting rate (QL), limiting the micro-mixing and mass transfer efficiency. In this study, the fluid motion inside the conventional lifter was theoretically analyzed. Based on the above theoretical analysis, a new impeller-equipped lifter was innovatively designed for the IN-RPB to enhance QL. Experiment results showed that QL was increased by 100% at 1400 r/min within the impeller-equipped lifter. Numerical simulations demonstrated that the flow field was altered in the impeller-equipped lifter, promoting the generation of vortices, thereby increasing the QL. Mass transfer experiments demonstrated that the structure optimization of the lifter led to a 60% increase in the gas-liquid volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kLa). This study provides a basis for the industrialization of the IN-RPB with an impeller-equipped lifter.
{"title":"An internal circulation rotating packed bed for green chemical engineering: structure optimization of liquid lifter","authors":"Zi-Lun Li , Liang Zheng , Li-Hua Wang , Yi-Qian Wei , Hai-Long Liao , Guang-Wen Chu , Yong Luo , Jian-Feng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.gce.2025.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gce.2025.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The internal circulation rotating packed beds (IN-RPBs) have been widely used in multiphase systems. However, its key component's liquid lifter suffers from the liquid lifting rate (<em>Q</em><sub>L</sub>), limiting the micro-mixing and mass transfer efficiency. In this study, the fluid motion inside the conventional lifter was theoretically analyzed. Based on the above theoretical analysis, a new impeller-equipped lifter was innovatively designed for the IN-RPB to enhance <em>Q</em><sub>L</sub>. Experiment results showed that <em>Q</em><sub>L</sub> was increased by 100% at 1400 r/min within the impeller-equipped lifter. Numerical simulations demonstrated that the flow field was altered in the impeller-equipped lifter, promoting the generation of vortices, thereby increasing the <em>Q</em><sub>L</sub>. Mass transfer experiments demonstrated that the structure optimization of the lifter led to a 60% increase in the gas-liquid volumetric mass transfer coefficient (<em>k</em><sub>L</sub><em>a</em>). This study provides a basis for the industrialization of the IN-RPB with an impeller-equipped lifter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":66474,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemical Engineering","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 551-561"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-23DOI: 10.1016/S2666-9528(25)00023-8
{"title":"OFC: Outside Front Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2666-9528(25)00023-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2666-9528(25)00023-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":66474,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemical Engineering","volume":"6 3","pages":"Page OFC"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-23DOI: 10.1016/S2666-9528(25)00032-9
{"title":"Outside Back Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2666-9528(25)00032-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2666-9528(25)00032-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":66474,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemical Engineering","volume":"6 3","pages":"Page OBC"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-16DOI: 10.1016/j.gce.2025.05.002
Ariel Riofrio , Miguel A. Bañares , Zhenlei Zhang , Xiangping Zhang , King Lun Yeung
The increasing demand for sustainable energy has intensified interest in hydrogen production from renewable sources. Although catalytic steam reforming of methane and other feedstocks has been extensively investigated, research on utilizing fats, oils, and grease (FOG) remains limited and dispersed. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of steam reforming catalysts for FOG conversion, concentrating on nickel-based, noble metal, and metal oxide-supported catalysts initially developed for methane, waste cooking oil, and glycerol. Catalyst performance is assessed in terms of activity, stability, cost, and environmental impact, addressing sustainable catalyst design and recycling principles. FOG management strategies are also explored, with a particular emphasis on Hong Kong, where FOG interception is crucial due to infrastructure constraints. Unlike cities where food waste is ground and flushed through extensive sewer systems, Hong Kong necessitates localized FOG removal to prevent costly blockages and environmental harm. A techno-economic analysis demonstrated the feasibility of producing H2 at a selling price as low as USD 3/kg H2, with a carbon capture potential of 0.40 kg CO2-eq/kg H2. Life cycle assessment (LCA) further confirmed environmental benefits, indicating the potential to capture 0.14 kg CO2 per kg of FOG processed. Additionally, the study identifies opportunities for cost reduction through more efficient FOG acquisition and valorization, which can enhance carbon savings and economic viability. Overall, this work underscores the potential of FOG as a renewable feedstock and delineates key research directions for catalyst development and integrated waste-to-hydrogen systems.
{"title":"A perspective on transforming fats, oil, and grease (FOG) into hydrogen: insights on steam reforming catalysts and the case study of Hong Kong using techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment","authors":"Ariel Riofrio , Miguel A. Bañares , Zhenlei Zhang , Xiangping Zhang , King Lun Yeung","doi":"10.1016/j.gce.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gce.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing demand for sustainable energy has intensified interest in hydrogen production from renewable sources. Although catalytic steam reforming of methane and other feedstocks has been extensively investigated, research on utilizing fats, oils, and grease (FOG) remains limited and dispersed. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of steam reforming catalysts for FOG conversion, concentrating on nickel-based, noble metal, and metal oxide-supported catalysts initially developed for methane, waste cooking oil, and glycerol. Catalyst performance is assessed in terms of activity, stability, cost, and environmental impact, addressing sustainable catalyst design and recycling principles. FOG management strategies are also explored, with a particular emphasis on Hong Kong, where FOG interception is crucial due to infrastructure constraints. Unlike cities where food waste is ground and flushed through extensive sewer systems, Hong Kong necessitates localized FOG removal to prevent costly blockages and environmental harm. A techno-economic analysis demonstrated the feasibility of producing H<sub>2</sub> at a selling price as low as USD 3/kg H<sub>2</sub>, with a carbon capture potential of 0.40 kg CO<sub>2</sub>-eq/kg H<sub>2</sub>. Life cycle assessment (LCA) further confirmed environmental benefits, indicating the potential to capture 0.14 kg CO<sub>2</sub> per kg of FOG processed. Additionally, the study identifies opportunities for cost reduction through more efficient FOG acquisition and valorization, which can enhance carbon savings and economic viability. Overall, this work underscores the potential of FOG as a renewable feedstock and delineates key research directions for catalyst development and integrated waste-to-hydrogen systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":66474,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemical Engineering","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 473-493"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-10DOI: 10.1016/j.gce.2025.04.005
Yongheng Ren , Xiaohua Liu , Genggeng Dai , Lu Zhang , Hongwei Chen , Pengcheng Yang , Ye Li , Xinyue Yu , Yang Chen , Xiufeng Shi , Peng Lin , Jiangfeng Yang , Jinping Li , Libo Li
Efficient trace radioactive krypton isotopes (85Kr) capture from air under humid conditions is a critical challenge for nuclear safety and environmental protection. Commercial zeolites suffer from low Kr/N2 selectivity due to cation-induced interactions that strengthen nitrogen (N2) adsorption, while their hydrophilicity triggers severe water competition. Herein, we proposed utilizing the smooth pore surface in pure-silica zeolites to weaken the N2 adsorption and mitigate water competition. The pure silica ZSM-11 exhibited significant Kr/N2 selectivity (4.8) and Kr uptake of 12.8 cm3/g at 298 K and 1 bar, superior to the commercial zeolites. Its intersecting ten-membered ring (10-MR) channels facilitated optimal Kr interactions and distribution, as corroborated by Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations, which revealed preferential multisite Kr···O interactions with significantly higher Kr densities than N2. Dynamic breakthrough experiments demonstrated that pure silica zeolites, particularly ZSM-11, achieved superior Kr capturing performance and cycling stability under humid conditions (relative humidity (RH) = 72.6%), realizing a leap from ppm levels to high purity (> 80%) Kr. This work demonstrated the rational design of pore surface and topologies in zeolite for inert gases capture provided an effective technological route for radioactive krypton isotopes separation under humid conditions.
{"title":"Smooth pore surface in zeolites for krypton capture under humid conditions","authors":"Yongheng Ren , Xiaohua Liu , Genggeng Dai , Lu Zhang , Hongwei Chen , Pengcheng Yang , Ye Li , Xinyue Yu , Yang Chen , Xiufeng Shi , Peng Lin , Jiangfeng Yang , Jinping Li , Libo Li","doi":"10.1016/j.gce.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gce.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient trace radioactive krypton isotopes (<sup>85</sup>Kr) capture from air under humid conditions is a critical challenge for nuclear safety and environmental protection. Commercial zeolites suffer from low Kr/N<sub>2</sub> selectivity due to cation-induced interactions that strengthen nitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>) adsorption, while their hydrophilicity triggers severe water competition. Herein, we proposed utilizing the smooth pore surface in pure-silica zeolites to weaken the N<sub>2</sub> adsorption and mitigate water competition. The pure silica ZSM-11 exhibited significant Kr/N<sub>2</sub> selectivity (4.8) and Kr uptake of 12.8 cm<sup>3</sup>/g at 298 K and 1 bar, superior to the commercial zeolites. Its intersecting ten-membered ring (10-MR) channels facilitated optimal Kr interactions and distribution, as corroborated by Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations, which revealed preferential multisite Kr···O interactions with significantly higher Kr densities than N<sub>2</sub>. Dynamic breakthrough experiments demonstrated that pure silica zeolites, particularly ZSM-11, achieved superior Kr capturing performance and cycling stability under humid conditions (relative humidity (RH) = 72.6%), realizing a leap from ppm levels to high purity (> 80%) Kr. This work demonstrated the rational design of pore surface and topologies in zeolite for inert gases capture provided an effective technological route for radioactive krypton isotopes separation under humid conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":66474,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemical Engineering","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 431-438"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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