Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439286
P. Kant, Karol Dobrzyniewicz, J. Michalski
This paper shows design details of a high-power directional coupler, with adjustable coupling factor within the range from −13 dB to −26 dB, equally at two frequencies 352 MHz and 704 MHz, maintaining the level of return losses below −27 dB. The coupling value is adjustable with the use of a tuning mechanism allowing for changing the distance between the coupled line and the central coaxial line core. The application of the coupler is to work in high radiation environment (particle accelerator), therefore instead of typically used dielectric materials, e.g., teflon, PEEK (Polyether Ether Ketone) is used. The coupler has been manufactured and measured, showing high performance for coupling values within the whole tunable coupling range.
{"title":"High Power Directional Coupler with Equal Tunable Coupling Value at 352 MHz and 704 MHz","authors":"P. Kant, Karol Dobrzyniewicz, J. Michalski","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439286","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows design details of a high-power directional coupler, with adjustable coupling factor within the range from −13 dB to −26 dB, equally at two frequencies 352 MHz and 704 MHz, maintaining the level of return losses below −27 dB. The coupling value is adjustable with the use of a tuning mechanism allowing for changing the distance between the coupled line and the central coaxial line core. The application of the coupler is to work in high radiation environment (particle accelerator), therefore instead of typically used dielectric materials, e.g., teflon, PEEK (Polyether Ether Ketone) is used. The coupler has been manufactured and measured, showing high performance for coupling values within the whole tunable coupling range.","PeriodicalId":6675,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS","volume":"49 1","pages":"522-524"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90630586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439682
Bhaskara Rupakula, Gabriel M. Rebeiz
Electronically-scanned phased arrays are an integral part of millimeter-wave 5G networks, and therefore, it is important to examine the effects of interferers on the performance of a receiving phased-array. This paper presents both theoretical analysis and experimental verification of 1M3 effects in a 28 GHz 5G phased array operating in the receive mode. It is shown that the intermodulation products generated by interferers peak at certain predictable scan angles depending on their direction of arrival and can limit the sensitivity of the phased array. The interferers degrade the phased-array sensitivity even if present in the direction of pattern nulls. Theoretical predictions are verified by numerical code and measurement results for multiple interferers from different directions.
{"title":"Intermodulation Effects and System Sensitivity Degradation in $5mathrm{G}$ Phased-Arrays due to Multiple Interferers","authors":"Bhaskara Rupakula, Gabriel M. Rebeiz","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439682","url":null,"abstract":"Electronically-scanned phased arrays are an integral part of millimeter-wave 5G networks, and therefore, it is important to examine the effects of interferers on the performance of a receiving phased-array. This paper presents both theoretical analysis and experimental verification of 1M3 effects in a 28 GHz 5G phased array operating in the receive mode. It is shown that the intermodulation products generated by interferers peak at certain predictable scan angles depending on their direction of arrival and can limit the sensitivity of the phased array. The interferers degrade the phased-array sensitivity even if present in the direction of pattern nulls. Theoretical predictions are verified by numerical code and measurement results for multiple interferers from different directions.","PeriodicalId":6675,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS","volume":"42 1","pages":"787-790"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88191647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439634
A. Paolella, C. Corey, Diana Foster, Joseph Desjardins, Caitlin Smith, Lauren Walters
3D printing has significant potential advantages for the manufacture of millimeter wave systems including improvements in time to market and lower development costs. Key to these improvements is the ability to print high-quality materials with fine resolution and well understood, desirable dielectric properties in the millimeter wave regime. This paper reports the measured results on a wide variety of materials over a continuous spectrum of frequencies to 57 GHz.
{"title":"Broadband Millimeter Wave Characterization of 3-D Printed Materials","authors":"A. Paolella, C. Corey, Diana Foster, Joseph Desjardins, Caitlin Smith, Lauren Walters","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439634","url":null,"abstract":"3D printing has significant potential advantages for the manufacture of millimeter wave systems including improvements in time to market and lower development costs. Key to these improvements is the ability to print high-quality materials with fine resolution and well understood, desirable dielectric properties in the millimeter wave regime. This paper reports the measured results on a wide variety of materials over a continuous spectrum of frequencies to 57 GHz.","PeriodicalId":6675,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS","volume":"5 1","pages":"1565-1568"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86691447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439693
M. Machida, R. Ishikawa, Y. Takayama, K. Honjo
Ahstract-A MHz-band multi-harmonic active source-pull technique has been developed for GHz-band high-efficiency rectifier design. The active load-pull technique is usually used for high-efficiency amplifier design. This method has been successfully diverted to rectifier design by carefully considering an optimum source impedance estimation at the fundamental frequency existing at an input source signal. In addition, an intrinsic nonlinear resistance as a rectifying element with an operation frequency of a GHz band can be directly extracted by the MHz-band measurement, due to negligible parasitic reactance elements. The method has been verified for a fabricated 2.45-GHz GaAs pHEMT rectifier.
{"title":"GHz-Band High-Efficiency Rectifier Design Based on MHz-Band Multi - Harmonic Active Source-Pull Technique","authors":"M. Machida, R. Ishikawa, Y. Takayama, K. Honjo","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439693","url":null,"abstract":"Ahstract-A MHz-band multi-harmonic active source-pull technique has been developed for GHz-band high-efficiency rectifier design. The active load-pull technique is usually used for high-efficiency amplifier design. This method has been successfully diverted to rectifier design by carefully considering an optimum source impedance estimation at the fundamental frequency existing at an input source signal. In addition, an intrinsic nonlinear resistance as a rectifying element with an operation frequency of a GHz band can be directly extracted by the MHz-band measurement, due to negligible parasitic reactance elements. The method has been verified for a fabricated 2.45-GHz GaAs pHEMT rectifier.","PeriodicalId":6675,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS","volume":"14 1","pages":"1134-1137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85155121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439418
Qun Li, Yonghong Zhang, C. Wu
This paper presents a noncontact vital sign detection scheme using a two-dimensional (2-D) frequency scanning metamaterial leaky wave antenna (L W A) array at 24 GHz band. To avoid the self-resonance issue of interdigital capacitors and the parasitic inductance of shorted stubs, gap capacitors and vialess open stub-loaded resonators are applied to design a one-dimensional (1-D) frequency scanning metamaterial L W A which has a wide scanning angle from −62° to +71° as the frequency increased from 23.4 to 25.4 GHz, in which the broadside is at 24.1 GHz. Four 1-D frequency scanning meta material LWAs and a series feeding network are combined to realize 2-D beam scanning. Noncontact vital sign detections using the proposed 2-D frequency scanning metamaterial L W A array can detect multiple persons with different heights. For demonstration, the respiration rate and heartbeat rate of two persons with standing and sitting postures are measured.
{"title":"Noncontact Vital Sign Detection using 24GHz Two-Dimensional Frequency Scanning Metamaterial Leaky Wave Antenna Array","authors":"Qun Li, Yonghong Zhang, C. Wu","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439418","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a noncontact vital sign detection scheme using a two-dimensional (2-D) frequency scanning metamaterial leaky wave antenna (L W A) array at 24 GHz band. To avoid the self-resonance issue of interdigital capacitors and the parasitic inductance of shorted stubs, gap capacitors and vialess open stub-loaded resonators are applied to design a one-dimensional (1-D) frequency scanning metamaterial L W A which has a wide scanning angle from −62° to +71° as the frequency increased from 23.4 to 25.4 GHz, in which the broadside is at 24.1 GHz. Four 1-D frequency scanning meta material LWAs and a series feeding network are combined to realize 2-D beam scanning. Noncontact vital sign detections using the proposed 2-D frequency scanning metamaterial L W A array can detect multiple persons with different heights. For demonstration, the respiration rate and heartbeat rate of two persons with standing and sitting postures are measured.","PeriodicalId":6675,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS","volume":"130 1","pages":"255-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83678405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439239
Saikiran Doddalla, G. Trichopoulos
We present a novel method for imaging objects hidden around occlusions by exploiting the scattering properties of terahertz (THz) waves. Most building surfaces reflect THz waves strongly in a single direction (specular scattering) and behave as lossy mirrors that allow imaging of non-line-of-sight (NLOS) objects from a single observation location. Interestingly, mirror surfaces can be directly imaged by capturing the backscattered waves due to diffusion scattering. We demonstrate the NLOS THz imaging capability using a backpropagation synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging algorithm that corrects the cluttered raw data and acquires accurate THz images of the occluded areas. The new imaging approach is verified through imaging examples in the 220–330 GHz band using common building materials.
{"title":"Non-Line of Sight Terahert Imaging from a Single Viewpoint","authors":"Saikiran Doddalla, G. Trichopoulos","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439239","url":null,"abstract":"We present a novel method for imaging objects hidden around occlusions by exploiting the scattering properties of terahertz (THz) waves. Most building surfaces reflect THz waves strongly in a single direction (specular scattering) and behave as lossy mirrors that allow imaging of non-line-of-sight (NLOS) objects from a single observation location. Interestingly, mirror surfaces can be directly imaged by capturing the backscattered waves due to diffusion scattering. We demonstrate the NLOS THz imaging capability using a backpropagation synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging algorithm that corrects the cluttered raw data and acquires accurate THz images of the occluded areas. The new imaging approach is verified through imaging examples in the 220–330 GHz band using common building materials.","PeriodicalId":6675,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS","volume":"53 1","pages":"1527-1529"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90879294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439288
Carlos Mateo, P. L. Carro, Paloma García-Dúcar, J. de Mingo, Iñigo Salinas
In this paper the optimization of the transmission conditions in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) system by applying the Nelder-Mead method is proposed. With this algorithm it is possible to seek the optimum RF signal power and the bias current of both lasers in few iterations. The experiments have been carried out in a MIMO IM/DD RoF system, where MIMO signals are wavelength multiplexed. The signals and the carrier frequency belong to the LTE standard. Experimental results show that fast convergence is accomplished under different bandwidths yielding to good tradeoff between noise and non-linearity.
{"title":"RoF SpatialMux MIMO-LTE Fronthaul System Transmission Parameter Selection with Nelder-Mead Optimization Algorithm","authors":"Carlos Mateo, P. L. Carro, Paloma García-Dúcar, J. de Mingo, Iñigo Salinas","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439288","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the optimization of the transmission conditions in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) system by applying the Nelder-Mead method is proposed. With this algorithm it is possible to seek the optimum RF signal power and the bias current of both lasers in few iterations. The experiments have been carried out in a MIMO IM/DD RoF system, where MIMO signals are wavelength multiplexed. The signals and the carrier frequency belong to the LTE standard. Experimental results show that fast convergence is accomplished under different bandwidths yielding to good tradeoff between noise and non-linearity.","PeriodicalId":6675,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS","volume":"56 1","pages":"1046-1049"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91282613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439368
C. Tomassoni, G. Venanzoni, M. Dionigi, R. Sorrentino
A novel very compact structure is proposed to realize a doublet for rectangular waveguide filters. The structure consists of a metal septum with a symmetrical double-iris and two slanting rods connected to the septum center on opposite sides. Two poles are produced, along with two transmission zeroes (TZs) one in the lower and the other in the upper stop band. The position of the TZs can be controlled by the iris width. Such a non-conventional geometry with the presence of the slanting rods has been effectively fabricated with a 3D printer. based on Stereolithography (SLA) followed by electroplating [14]. Two doublets have been manufactured and measured demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed structure.
{"title":"A Very Compact 3D-Printed Doublet Structure based on a Double Iris and a Pair of Slanting Rods","authors":"C. Tomassoni, G. Venanzoni, M. Dionigi, R. Sorrentino","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439368","url":null,"abstract":"A novel very compact structure is proposed to realize a doublet for rectangular waveguide filters. The structure consists of a metal septum with a symmetrical double-iris and two slanting rods connected to the septum center on opposite sides. Two poles are produced, along with two transmission zeroes (TZs) one in the lower and the other in the upper stop band. The position of the TZs can be controlled by the iris width. Such a non-conventional geometry with the presence of the slanting rods has been effectively fabricated with a 3D printer. based on Stereolithography (SLA) followed by electroplating [14]. Two doublets have been manufactured and measured demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed structure.","PeriodicalId":6675,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS","volume":"32 1","pages":"1103-1105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89576493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439639
Haedong Jang, Richard Wilson
A new method for designing a broadband Doherty power amplifier has been developed. Using the proposed method, the dominant parasitic components of the power devices are effectively compensated. The peaking device is directly connected to the Doherty power combining node without using the quarter wavelength delay line of the conventional Doherty amplifier. The proposed method is applied to a dual input 225 W peak output power Doherty amplifier. The measured average drain efficiencies (DE) are 42.7-47.6% using a 10 MHz bandwidth 7.5 dB peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) test signal whilst maintaining better than −50 dBc adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) after linearization.
{"title":"A 225 Watt, 1.8-2.7 GHz Broadband Doherty Power Amplifier with Zero-Phase Shift Peaking Amplifier","authors":"Haedong Jang, Richard Wilson","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439639","url":null,"abstract":"A new method for designing a broadband Doherty power amplifier has been developed. Using the proposed method, the dominant parasitic components of the power devices are effectively compensated. The peaking device is directly connected to the Doherty power combining node without using the quarter wavelength delay line of the conventional Doherty amplifier. The proposed method is applied to a dual input 225 W peak output power Doherty amplifier. The measured average drain efficiencies (DE) are 42.7-47.6% using a 10 MHz bandwidth 7.5 dB peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) test signal whilst maintaining better than −50 dBc adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) after linearization.","PeriodicalId":6675,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS","volume":"19 1","pages":"797-800"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89726869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439238
Lei Zhang, H. Rueda, Kevin Kim, P. Aaen
In this paper, we propose a non-quasi-static large-sig-nal model to capture the high-frequency dispersion exhibited by laterally diffused metal-oxide semiconductor (LDMOS) devices. We show that industry-standard nonlinear large-signal models for LDMOS based on quasi-static assumptions are not sufficient for high-efficiency designs at frequencies higher than 2 GHz. This dispersive behavior results from the combination of high-frequency operation and the lengthened drain extension region that is needed to support high-voltage operation. To improve the model accuracy, higher-order current and charge components, which are directly integrated from bias-dependent S-parameter data, are included in the model. The non-quasi-static large-signal model improves the efficiency and gain predictions by 10% and 0.5 dB at 3.5 GHz. These improvements in accuracy are essential for power amplifier designers to achieve the performance targets necessary for 4G and upcoming 5G designs.
{"title":"Non-Quasi-Static Large-Signal Model for RF LDMOS Power Transistors","authors":"Lei Zhang, H. Rueda, Kevin Kim, P. Aaen","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439238","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a non-quasi-static large-sig-nal model to capture the high-frequency dispersion exhibited by laterally diffused metal-oxide semiconductor (LDMOS) devices. We show that industry-standard nonlinear large-signal models for LDMOS based on quasi-static assumptions are not sufficient for high-efficiency designs at frequencies higher than 2 GHz. This dispersive behavior results from the combination of high-frequency operation and the lengthened drain extension region that is needed to support high-voltage operation. To improve the model accuracy, higher-order current and charge components, which are directly integrated from bias-dependent S-parameter data, are included in the model. The non-quasi-static large-signal model improves the efficiency and gain predictions by 10% and 0.5 dB at 3.5 GHz. These improvements in accuracy are essential for power amplifier designers to achieve the performance targets necessary for 4G and upcoming 5G designs.","PeriodicalId":6675,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS","volume":"15 1","pages":"548-550"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90391035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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