Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439832
H. Chu, Ting Heish, T. Ma
This paper presents an electronically reconfigurable dual-mode integrated beam-steering array. The core building block to fulfill the design is the reconfigurable synthesized transmission line (RSTL), whose transmission characteristic is controlled by a varactor diode as an on/off RF switch. By integrating the RSTLs to the array feed network, the proposed array is capable of, at a given frequency, switching its functionality as a beam-switching Butler matrix or a retro-directive array combined with data modulation. The switching is only dependent on the bias voltage of the varactor diodes, and the dc power consumption is very low $(mu mathrm{W})$. The circuit response of the feed network and the radiation characteristics of the phased array are verified experimentally.
{"title":"Reconfigurable Dual-mode Integrated Beam-steering Array","authors":"H. Chu, Ting Heish, T. Ma","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439832","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an electronically reconfigurable dual-mode integrated beam-steering array. The core building block to fulfill the design is the reconfigurable synthesized transmission line (RSTL), whose transmission characteristic is controlled by a varactor diode as an on/off RF switch. By integrating the RSTLs to the array feed network, the proposed array is capable of, at a given frequency, switching its functionality as a beam-switching Butler matrix or a retro-directive array combined with data modulation. The switching is only dependent on the bias voltage of the varactor diodes, and the dc power consumption is very low $(mu mathrm{W})$. The circuit response of the feed network and the radiation characteristics of the phased array are verified experimentally.","PeriodicalId":6675,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS","volume":"59 1","pages":"628-631"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91231428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439348
P. Stauffer, D. Rodrigues, R. Goldstein, Thinh Nguyen, L. Doyle, V. Bar-ad, W. Shi, K. Judy, M. Hurwitz
Hyperthermia (HT) has been shown to improve the clinical response of radiation therapy (RT) for cancer. The synergism is dramatically enhanced if HT and RT are combined simultaneously, but few technologies exist to apply treatments together. This study investigates feasibility of combining HT with RT using a thermobrachytherapy (TBT) balloon implant for treating a 5mm annular rim of at-risk tissue around a tumor resection cavity. For this approach, a balloon catheter was designed to deliver radiation from High Dose Rate brachytherapy simultaneously with HT delivered by filling a balloon with magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) and immersing the region in a radio frequency magnetic field. Temperature distributions in brain around the TBT balloon were simulated for typical brain blood perfusion using numerical modeling. A magnetic induction system was constructed and used to couple energy into MNP to heat tissue around balloon implants. Thermal dosimetry plans demonstrate our ability to heat a 5 mm annular rim of at-risk tissue around a brain tumor resection cavity between 40–48°C for 2–5 cm diameter balloon implants. The magnetic induction system produced rapid heating (>0.2°C/s) of MNP-filled balloons by depositing 0.6 W/ ml into the balloons with a magnetic field strength of 5.7 kA/m at 168 kHz, a level that has proven safe in previous clinical studies. These results demonstrate feasibility of using a thermobrachytherapy balloon implant for simultaneous heat and radiation treatment of tumor bed with both preclinical planning and experimental dosimetry.
{"title":"Dual Modality Implant for Simultaneous Magnetic Nanoparticle Heating and Brachytherapy Treatment of Tumor Resection Cavities in Brain","authors":"P. Stauffer, D. Rodrigues, R. Goldstein, Thinh Nguyen, L. Doyle, V. Bar-ad, W. Shi, K. Judy, M. Hurwitz","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439348","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperthermia (HT) has been shown to improve the clinical response of radiation therapy (RT) for cancer. The synergism is dramatically enhanced if HT and RT are combined simultaneously, but few technologies exist to apply treatments together. This study investigates feasibility of combining HT with RT using a thermobrachytherapy (TBT) balloon implant for treating a 5mm annular rim of at-risk tissue around a tumor resection cavity. For this approach, a balloon catheter was designed to deliver radiation from High Dose Rate brachytherapy simultaneously with HT delivered by filling a balloon with magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) and immersing the region in a radio frequency magnetic field. Temperature distributions in brain around the TBT balloon were simulated for typical brain blood perfusion using numerical modeling. A magnetic induction system was constructed and used to couple energy into MNP to heat tissue around balloon implants. Thermal dosimetry plans demonstrate our ability to heat a 5 mm annular rim of at-risk tissue around a brain tumor resection cavity between 40–48°C for 2–5 cm diameter balloon implants. The magnetic induction system produced rapid heating (>0.2°C/s) of MNP-filled balloons by depositing 0.6 W/ ml into the balloons with a magnetic field strength of 5.7 kA/m at 168 kHz, a level that has proven safe in previous clinical studies. These results demonstrate feasibility of using a thermobrachytherapy balloon implant for simultaneous heat and radiation treatment of tumor bed with both preclinical planning and experimental dosimetry.","PeriodicalId":6675,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS","volume":"9 1","pages":"1285-1287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73193202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439410
Raunak M. Borwankar, M. Haider, R. Ludwig, Y. Massoud
A high gain, ultra-low-power mixer in 45 nm standard CMOS process is presented. The mixer is designed by using coupling capacitors across drain-gate of the transconductance stages. The proposed mixer achieves a conversion gain of 18.5 dB and noise-figure of 19.2 dB at LO power of 0 dBm. The mixer achieves 14.5 dBm IIP3 and −16.2 dB $mathbf{P}_{1dB}$ for RF signal of 5.9 GHz. Operating at 0.4 V supply, the mixer consumes 170 $mu mathbf{W}$ power for RF frequencies of 2.4-5.9 GHz. The layout area of mixer core is 0.0046 mm2. Post-layout simulations demonstrate that the proposed design achieves a very high figure-of-merit when compared to other state-of-the-art down-conversion CMOS mixers.
{"title":"An Ultra-Low-Power, High Gain Mixer for Smart Cities Applications","authors":"Raunak M. Borwankar, M. Haider, R. Ludwig, Y. Massoud","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439410","url":null,"abstract":"A high gain, ultra-low-power mixer in 45 nm standard CMOS process is presented. The mixer is designed by using coupling capacitors across drain-gate of the transconductance stages. The proposed mixer achieves a conversion gain of 18.5 dB and noise-figure of 19.2 dB at LO power of 0 dBm. The mixer achieves 14.5 dBm IIP3 and −16.2 dB $mathbf{P}_{1dB}$ for RF signal of 5.9 GHz. Operating at 0.4 V supply, the mixer consumes 170 $mu mathbf{W}$ power for RF frequencies of 2.4-5.9 GHz. The layout area of mixer core is 0.0046 mm2. Post-layout simulations demonstrate that the proposed design achieves a very high figure-of-merit when compared to other state-of-the-art down-conversion CMOS mixers.","PeriodicalId":6675,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS","volume":"81 3 1","pages":"822-824"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73052073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439228
Nasr Alkhafaji, R. Campbell, M. Roche
A UHF signal processing technique is described in the Fourier Space-Angle domain that uses an array of scattering elements with reflection coefficients modulated at baseband. The illumination arrival angle distributes a UHF phase across the array, and the baseband modulator phase at each of the array elements determines the radiation angle of the desired scattered product. Undesired products are re-radiated in different directions. Example 1, 2 and 4 element arrays operate at 432 MHz array with 700 Hz modulation. 2 element arrays cancel one sideband, and the 4 element array cancels both the undesired sideband and 2nd order products. Reflection coefficient modulation uses slow electronics, and scattered signals are summed in space, so this technique is attractive at much higher frequencies.
{"title":"Space-Angle Signal Processing using a Modulated Scatter Array","authors":"Nasr Alkhafaji, R. Campbell, M. Roche","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439228","url":null,"abstract":"A UHF signal processing technique is described in the Fourier Space-Angle domain that uses an array of scattering elements with reflection coefficients modulated at baseband. The illumination arrival angle distributes a UHF phase across the array, and the baseband modulator phase at each of the array elements determines the radiation angle of the desired scattered product. Undesired products are re-radiated in different directions. Example 1, 2 and 4 element arrays operate at 432 MHz array with 700 Hz modulation. 2 element arrays cancel one sideband, and the 4 element array cancels both the undesired sideband and 2nd order products. Reflection coefficient modulation uses slow electronics, and scattered signals are summed in space, so this technique is attractive at much higher frequencies.","PeriodicalId":6675,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS","volume":"14 1","pages":"503-505"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73186312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439509
Milad Zolfazharloo Koohi, Suhyun Nam, A. Mortazawi
Innovative, reconfigurable frequency selective microwave components are essential to reduce the expanding transceiver systems' complexity, size, and cost. This paper presents for an intrinsically switchable and bandwidth (BW) reconfigurable FBAR filter by using the electrostriction effect in ferroelectric barium strontium titanate (BST). A BW switchable filter is designed, fabricated, and characterized. Under the application of DC bias voltage, the filter exhibits a bandpass response with a fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 3%. Changing the DC bias configuration adjusts the overall transfer function of the filter, transitioning into a secondary state with a FBW of 2.2%. Without any bias however, the filter switches off and provides an isolation greater than 12 dB.
{"title":"Intrinsically Switchable and Bandwidth Reconfigurable FBAR Filter Employing Electrostriction in Ferroelectric BST","authors":"Milad Zolfazharloo Koohi, Suhyun Nam, A. Mortazawi","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439509","url":null,"abstract":"Innovative, reconfigurable frequency selective microwave components are essential to reduce the expanding transceiver systems' complexity, size, and cost. This paper presents for an intrinsically switchable and bandwidth (BW) reconfigurable FBAR filter by using the electrostriction effect in ferroelectric barium strontium titanate (BST). A BW switchable filter is designed, fabricated, and characterized. Under the application of DC bias voltage, the filter exhibits a bandpass response with a fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 3%. Changing the DC bias configuration adjusts the overall transfer function of the filter, transitioning into a secondary state with a FBW of 2.2%. Without any bias however, the filter switches off and provides an isolation greater than 12 dB.","PeriodicalId":6675,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS","volume":"7 1","pages":"743-745"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72967859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439676
D. Psychogiou, Dakotah J. Simpson, R. Gómez‐García
This paper reports on an RF design methodology for acoustic-wave-resonator-(AWR)-based bandpass filters (BPFs) with input-reflectionless behavior in both their passband and stopband regions. The proposed concept is based on acoustic-wave-lumped-element resonators (AWLRs) that are incorporated in se-ries-cascaded reflectionless stages (RLSs). Each RLS comprises a first-order bandpass section-shaped by three impedance inverters and one AWLR-and a first-order resistively-terminated bandstop section-shaped by two impedance inverters and one AWLR-that are designed to exhibit complementary transfer functions. In this manner, an input-reflectionless behavior can be obtained both at the passband and stopband regions of the filter. In addition, the use of AWLRs in the RLSs facilitates the realization of high-quality-factor $(mathcal{pmb{Q}} > pmb{10,000})$ quasi-elliptic-type transfer functions with fractional bandwidths (FBWs) that are wider than the electromechanical coupling coefficient $pmb{(k_{t^{2}})}$ of its constituent AWRs. For proof-of-concept validation purposes, one- and two-state prototypes were manufactured, and measured at 418 MHz using commercially-available surface-acoustic-wave resonators.
{"title":"Input- Reflectionless Acoustic-Wave-Lumped- Element Resonator-Based Bandpass Filters","authors":"D. Psychogiou, Dakotah J. Simpson, R. Gómez‐García","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439676","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports on an RF design methodology for acoustic-wave-resonator-(AWR)-based bandpass filters (BPFs) with input-reflectionless behavior in both their passband and stopband regions. The proposed concept is based on acoustic-wave-lumped-element resonators (AWLRs) that are incorporated in se-ries-cascaded reflectionless stages (RLSs). Each RLS comprises a first-order bandpass section-shaped by three impedance inverters and one AWLR-and a first-order resistively-terminated bandstop section-shaped by two impedance inverters and one AWLR-that are designed to exhibit complementary transfer functions. In this manner, an input-reflectionless behavior can be obtained both at the passband and stopband regions of the filter. In addition, the use of AWLRs in the RLSs facilitates the realization of high-quality-factor $(mathcal{pmb{Q}} > pmb{10,000})$ quasi-elliptic-type transfer functions with fractional bandwidths (FBWs) that are wider than the electromechanical coupling coefficient $pmb{(k_{t^{2}})}$ of its constituent AWRs. For proof-of-concept validation purposes, one- and two-state prototypes were manufactured, and measured at 418 MHz using commercially-available surface-acoustic-wave resonators.","PeriodicalId":6675,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS","volume":"2 1","pages":"852-855"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74278777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439545
C. Merla, M. Liberti, F. Apollonio, L. M. Mir
Mechanisms underlining the cell membrane permeabilization and consequent cellular and intracellular effects are still debated. To shed light on the involvement of phospholipids and water molecules rearrangements in this phenomenon, linear and non-linear optical imaging and microspectroscopy seem particularly appropriate. To combine optical detection with electric pulses used for permeabilization of cells, three delivery setups (microchambers) are presented in this paper. Design and numerical characterization are described and systems performances compared in terms of electromagnetic emissions. The dosimetry of the less radiating microchamber was analyzed in time domain and compared with transmission measurements. Microdosimetry in time domain was also performed to study electric field distribution at cell level. These data give interesting information for interpreting cell microspectroscopic results.
{"title":"Cells and electropulsation microchambers modeling for linear and nonlinear optical microspectroscopy","authors":"C. Merla, M. Liberti, F. Apollonio, L. M. Mir","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439545","url":null,"abstract":"Mechanisms underlining the cell membrane permeabilization and consequent cellular and intracellular effects are still debated. To shed light on the involvement of phospholipids and water molecules rearrangements in this phenomenon, linear and non-linear optical imaging and microspectroscopy seem particularly appropriate. To combine optical detection with electric pulses used for permeabilization of cells, three delivery setups (microchambers) are presented in this paper. Design and numerical characterization are described and systems performances compared in terms of electromagnetic emissions. The dosimetry of the less radiating microchamber was analyzed in time domain and compared with transmission measurements. Microdosimetry in time domain was also performed to study electric field distribution at cell level. These data give interesting information for interpreting cell microspectroscopic results.","PeriodicalId":6675,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS","volume":"70 1","pages":"899-902"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75063217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439252
Ahmed A. Sakr, W. Dyab, K. Wu
A planar orthomode transducer (OMT) is introduced and studied based on effective polarization-independent coupling (EPIC). The concept of EPIC is developed on observing the relation between the required coupling length of the TEm mode and that of the TEnr mode in a fused rectangular waveguide coupler. Within a specific band of operation, it is found that the horizontally-polarized T'Eni mode needs twice the longitudinal length required by the vertically-polarized TE10mode in order to achieve a full coupling. Therefore, along a specific coupling length, the TElo mode couples two times back and forth while the TEol mode couples only once. By this concept, a full separation can be achieved between the two orthogonal modes which leads to the desired function of an OMT. This is determined by the dielectric constant of substrate. A full control of the substrate permittivity is achieved by introducing air perforations into the substrate with a pre-specified pattern. Hence, the resultant effective uniaxial medium introduces the required parameters.
{"title":"Planar Orthomode Transducer Based on Effective Polarization-Independent Coupling","authors":"Ahmed A. Sakr, W. Dyab, K. Wu","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439252","url":null,"abstract":"A planar orthomode transducer (OMT) is introduced and studied based on effective polarization-independent coupling (EPIC). The concept of EPIC is developed on observing the relation between the required coupling length of the TEm mode and that of the TEnr mode in a fused rectangular waveguide coupler. Within a specific band of operation, it is found that the horizontally-polarized T'Eni mode needs twice the longitudinal length required by the vertically-polarized TE10mode in order to achieve a full coupling. Therefore, along a specific coupling length, the TElo mode couples two times back and forth while the TEol mode couples only once. By this concept, a full separation can be achieved between the two orthogonal modes which leads to the desired function of an OMT. This is determined by the dielectric constant of substrate. A full control of the substrate permittivity is achieved by introducing air perforations into the substrate with a pre-specified pattern. Hence, the resultant effective uniaxial medium introduces the required parameters.","PeriodicalId":6675,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS","volume":"11 1","pages":"27-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74363671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439692
L. Nunes, Diogo R. Barros, P. Cabral, J. Pedro
This paper addresses the efficiency degradation observed in wideband power amplifiers. It starts by presenting a detailed explanation that relates this observed performance degradation with the terminations at baseband. Then, a comparison between two implemented power amplifiers with the same fundamental and harmonic terminations, but with different baseband networks is presented, showing that an optimized bias network design can improve the observed efficiency degradation.
{"title":"Efficiency Degradation in Wideband Power Amplifiers","authors":"L. Nunes, Diogo R. Barros, P. Cabral, J. Pedro","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439692","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the efficiency degradation observed in wideband power amplifiers. It starts by presenting a detailed explanation that relates this observed performance degradation with the terminations at baseband. Then, a comparison between two implemented power amplifiers with the same fundamental and harmonic terminations, but with different baseband networks is presented, showing that an optimized bias network design can improve the observed efficiency degradation.","PeriodicalId":6675,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS","volume":"1 1","pages":"636-639"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77035156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439332
Jun-Chau Chien, A. Arbabian, A. Niknejad
This paper presents a direct on-wafer VNA calibration algorithm for millimeter-wave frequency device characterization using a single calibration standard fabricated in 65-nm CMOS technology. The standard consists of three NMOS transistors configured in a $pi$ -network whose impedance can be modulated independently and electronically through the corresponding gate bias. To solve for the seven error terms in the 2-port error model, the algorithm exploits both the reciprocity of the network and a quasi-short-open-Ioad (QSOL) 1-port calibration technique. The algorithm is validated against on-wafer TRL with experimental results from 1 to 67 GHz.
{"title":"A Single- Element VNA Electronic Calibration in CMOS","authors":"Jun-Chau Chien, A. Arbabian, A. Niknejad","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439332","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a direct on-wafer VNA calibration algorithm for millimeter-wave frequency device characterization using a single calibration standard fabricated in 65-nm CMOS technology. The standard consists of three NMOS transistors configured in a $pi$ -network whose impedance can be modulated independently and electronically through the corresponding gate bias. To solve for the seven error terms in the 2-port error model, the algorithm exploits both the reciprocity of the network and a quasi-short-open-Ioad (QSOL) 1-port calibration technique. The algorithm is validated against on-wafer TRL with experimental results from 1 to 67 GHz.","PeriodicalId":6675,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS","volume":"63 1","pages":"1304-1307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77242136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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