Pub Date : 2020-10-31DOI: 10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507986
Kimberly J. Doty, Xin Li, R. Richards, Matt A. King, P. Kuo, M. Kupinski, L. Furenlid
Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) can be used with a wide variety of radioligands for drug discovery and pharmacokinetic studies of promising drugs for neurodegenerative diseases. We are developing a human brain SPECT system with a stationary array of detectors that will provide dynamic high-resolution, high-sensitivity imaging. We are assessing the benefits of incorporating cylindrically curved scintillation detectors, which - due primarily to significant reduction in depth of interaction uncertainty - have resolution advantages over planar detectors at the edges. We are studying the use of a cylindrically curved to planar fiber optic plate to transfer the scintillation light from the curved crystal and light guide to a planar surface for photodetection using conventional methods. Another design component being evaluated is a novel light-sensor configuration combining photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) and silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). Simulation methods were used to predict performance of a variety of detector layouts. The purpose of the study was to balance the tradeoff between detector cost and performance, as the final imager will be comprised of 24 camera modules. We demonstrate that combining PMTs and SiPMs for electronic readout achieves a spatial resolution advantage at the edges while maintaining a lower cost than a full SiPM readout or a curved detector.
{"title":"Modular Camera Design Study for Human Brain SPECT System","authors":"Kimberly J. Doty, Xin Li, R. Richards, Matt A. King, P. Kuo, M. Kupinski, L. Furenlid","doi":"10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507986","url":null,"abstract":"Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) can be used with a wide variety of radioligands for drug discovery and pharmacokinetic studies of promising drugs for neurodegenerative diseases. We are developing a human brain SPECT system with a stationary array of detectors that will provide dynamic high-resolution, high-sensitivity imaging. We are assessing the benefits of incorporating cylindrically curved scintillation detectors, which - due primarily to significant reduction in depth of interaction uncertainty - have resolution advantages over planar detectors at the edges. We are studying the use of a cylindrically curved to planar fiber optic plate to transfer the scintillation light from the curved crystal and light guide to a planar surface for photodetection using conventional methods. Another design component being evaluated is a novel light-sensor configuration combining photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) and silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). Simulation methods were used to predict performance of a variety of detector layouts. The purpose of the study was to balance the tradeoff between detector cost and performance, as the final imager will be comprised of 24 camera modules. We demonstrate that combining PMTs and SiPMs for electronic readout achieves a spatial resolution advantage at the edges while maintaining a lower cost than a full SiPM readout or a curved detector.","PeriodicalId":6760,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83466679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-31DOI: 10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507971
Kesava S. Kalluri, Benjamin Auer, N. Zeraatkar, R. Richards, Micaehla May, Kimberly J. Doty, Maria Ruiz-Gonzalez, Neil C. Momsen, P. Kuo, L. Furenlid, Matt A. King
An adaptive-stationary-modular multi-pinhole (MPH) brain SPECT, AdaptiSPECT-C is being developed by the University of Arizona and University of Massachusetts Medical School to meet static and dynamic brain SPECT imaging needs. Salient features of the ASC include the use of adjustable pinhole apertures to dynamically adapt to imaging task needs, improved light measuring around the edge of the scintillator crystal, plus motion tracking and correction with attenuation correction enabled by usage of depth-sensing (DS)-cameras. For a target system spatial resolution of 8 mm at the focal point of the apertures, selected to enable comparison to current 2-headed commercial (2HC) SPECT imaging, we report investigation of aperture layout designs for a system with 3 rings of 18.4 cm flat square detector modules. We investigated sensitivity at the focal point in comparison to 2HC for usage of 1 versus 5 apertures per module, and variation in the extent of truncation and multiplexing of the irradiation fields by adjustment of the aperture location between the detector and focal point. For a system with one aperture per module and minor truncation we determined a sensitivity of 2.7x that of 2HC; whereas, with use of 4 oblique apertures with minor truncation and moderate multiplexing we determined the sensitivity was 4.6x, and with all 5 apertures resulting in significant multiplexing the sensitivity was 5.7x. We also determined through simulation better visualization of the rods of a Derenzo phantom, and perfusion distribution of XCAT brain phantom with the 5 pinhole design, using solely the 4 oblique pinholes. We thus believe that this design with 5 pinholes per detector module is an excellent candidate for use in construction of the AdaptiSPECT-C system.
{"title":"Investigation of Designs for a Stationary Adaptive Multi-Pinhole Brain SPECT Employing Flat-Square Detector Modules","authors":"Kesava S. Kalluri, Benjamin Auer, N. Zeraatkar, R. Richards, Micaehla May, Kimberly J. Doty, Maria Ruiz-Gonzalez, Neil C. Momsen, P. Kuo, L. Furenlid, Matt A. King","doi":"10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507971","url":null,"abstract":"An adaptive-stationary-modular multi-pinhole (MPH) brain SPECT, AdaptiSPECT-C is being developed by the University of Arizona and University of Massachusetts Medical School to meet static and dynamic brain SPECT imaging needs. Salient features of the ASC include the use of adjustable pinhole apertures to dynamically adapt to imaging task needs, improved light measuring around the edge of the scintillator crystal, plus motion tracking and correction with attenuation correction enabled by usage of depth-sensing (DS)-cameras. For a target system spatial resolution of 8 mm at the focal point of the apertures, selected to enable comparison to current 2-headed commercial (2HC) SPECT imaging, we report investigation of aperture layout designs for a system with 3 rings of 18.4 cm flat square detector modules. We investigated sensitivity at the focal point in comparison to 2HC for usage of 1 versus 5 apertures per module, and variation in the extent of truncation and multiplexing of the irradiation fields by adjustment of the aperture location between the detector and focal point. For a system with one aperture per module and minor truncation we determined a sensitivity of 2.7x that of 2HC; whereas, with use of 4 oblique apertures with minor truncation and moderate multiplexing we determined the sensitivity was 4.6x, and with all 5 apertures resulting in significant multiplexing the sensitivity was 5.7x. We also determined through simulation better visualization of the rods of a Derenzo phantom, and perfusion distribution of XCAT brain phantom with the 5 pinhole design, using solely the 4 oblique pinholes. We thus believe that this design with 5 pinholes per detector module is an excellent candidate for use in construction of the AdaptiSPECT-C system.","PeriodicalId":6760,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","volume":"57 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83858836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-31DOI: 10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507844
N. Corna, E. Ronconi, F. Garzetti, S. Salgaro, N. Lusardi, L. Tavazzani, A. Geraci
Nowadays, in different scientific applications, custom processing systems are particularly suited for Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA), rather than for Application Specific Integrate Circuits (ASIC). This is mainly due to the added flexibility, simpler design and manufacturing process that FPGA solutions offer, fitting the needs of small-scale custom applications. While the intra-chip data-transfer between the IP-Cores (IPs) that compose the FPGA architecture is relatively easy to implement, the communication system with Temporal Computing (TC) devices is not trivial to build. This contribution focuses on this issue and presents our inter-chip communication system, that possesses the quality of not relying on any specific physical link feature, which allows the use of any type of connection between FPGA and TC devices, as long as it transmits ordered data. Encoding and communication errors are also automatically detected. The system is composed by a software part and a hardware one. The software part is developed in C++, with Python bindings, and provides the read and write methods, to be able to issue the relative commands to an internal standard bus of the FPGA. The hardware part is composed by the sub-modules Packet Transmission Engine (PTE) and Memory Management Engine (MME); the first one being responsible for packets' data framing, integrity check and data multiplexing on the physical link, while the second one executing the read and write operations which were encoded within the packets.
{"title":"High-Performance Physical-Independent Address-Based Communication Interface for FPGA in Custom Scientific Equipment","authors":"N. Corna, E. Ronconi, F. Garzetti, S. Salgaro, N. Lusardi, L. Tavazzani, A. Geraci","doi":"10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507844","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, in different scientific applications, custom processing systems are particularly suited for Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA), rather than for Application Specific Integrate Circuits (ASIC). This is mainly due to the added flexibility, simpler design and manufacturing process that FPGA solutions offer, fitting the needs of small-scale custom applications. While the intra-chip data-transfer between the IP-Cores (IPs) that compose the FPGA architecture is relatively easy to implement, the communication system with Temporal Computing (TC) devices is not trivial to build. This contribution focuses on this issue and presents our inter-chip communication system, that possesses the quality of not relying on any specific physical link feature, which allows the use of any type of connection between FPGA and TC devices, as long as it transmits ordered data. Encoding and communication errors are also automatically detected. The system is composed by a software part and a hardware one. The software part is developed in C++, with Python bindings, and provides the read and write methods, to be able to issue the relative commands to an internal standard bus of the FPGA. The hardware part is composed by the sub-modules Packet Transmission Engine (PTE) and Memory Management Engine (MME); the first one being responsible for packets' data framing, integrity check and data multiplexing on the physical link, while the second one executing the read and write operations which were encoded within the packets.","PeriodicalId":6760,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","volume":"222 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86185104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-31DOI: 10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507993
Zahra Ashouri, Chad R. Hunter, B. Spencer, Guobao Wang, R. Dansereau, R. deKemp
Positron emission tomography (PET) is used to observe processes within the human body using radioactive tracers. Quality of PET images is compromised by statistical noise, especially in the heart where cardiac and respiratory motion occur. Image prior information is generally useful for improving PET image quality. Sources of prior anatomic information include computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this work, we used MR information in the kernel framework to help reconstruct cardiac PET images and compared it with the kernel reconstruction from PET data only. The kernel-based reconstruction method [1], incorporates prior information in the reconstruction algorithm with the use of kernels. Our results show kernel-based image reconstruction using MR prior anatomic information gives numerically equivalent results to the original kernel method that uses composite frames to reconstruct dynamic PET images.
{"title":"Kernel-based Reconstruction of Cardiac PET Images Using MR Information","authors":"Zahra Ashouri, Chad R. Hunter, B. Spencer, Guobao Wang, R. Dansereau, R. deKemp","doi":"10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507993","url":null,"abstract":"Positron emission tomography (PET) is used to observe processes within the human body using radioactive tracers. Quality of PET images is compromised by statistical noise, especially in the heart where cardiac and respiratory motion occur. Image prior information is generally useful for improving PET image quality. Sources of prior anatomic information include computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this work, we used MR information in the kernel framework to help reconstruct cardiac PET images and compared it with the kernel reconstruction from PET data only. The kernel-based reconstruction method [1], incorporates prior information in the reconstruction algorithm with the use of kernels. Our results show kernel-based image reconstruction using MR prior anatomic information gives numerically equivalent results to the original kernel method that uses composite frames to reconstruct dynamic PET images.","PeriodicalId":6760,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88814199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-31DOI: 10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507935
M. Barbanera, S. Citraro, C. Magazzù, A. Manfreda, M. Minuti, H. Nasimi, C. Sgro’
The Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer IXPE mission will perform polarization measures of 2–8 keV X-rays. Imaging, spectroscopy, and timing will complement this measurement for a comprehensive study of soft X-rays. The launch of the IXPE NASA small explorer mission to a low earth orbit is due late 2021. We designed a subsystem of the scientific payload, which has three identical telescopes based on the detector unit. The Gas Pixel Detector and its back-end electronics are the core of these units, performing data acquisition and processing, event sequencing, and on-line data compression. The back-end electronics processes the auto-triggered output of the detector of 300 photons per second with 30% of dead-time. A radiation-tolerant FPGA implements the electronics custom algorithms, including two digital serial interfaces with a central on-board computer. One interface is used for command and control of the unit, while the other for scientific data transmission. We also designed comprehensive test equipment to emulate the on-board computer and to operate the electronics. This equipment uses an FPGA on a VMEbus board as the electrical interface for the electronics, transferring data to a personal computer with dedicated software infrastructure. In this paper, we shall discuss the design process of the back-end electronics and the results of laboratory tests and measurements with X-ray sources.
{"title":"Design and Development of the Back-End Electronics for the IXPE Mission","authors":"M. Barbanera, S. Citraro, C. Magazzù, A. Manfreda, M. Minuti, H. Nasimi, C. Sgro’","doi":"10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507935","url":null,"abstract":"The Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer IXPE mission will perform polarization measures of 2–8 keV X-rays. Imaging, spectroscopy, and timing will complement this measurement for a comprehensive study of soft X-rays. The launch of the IXPE NASA small explorer mission to a low earth orbit is due late 2021. We designed a subsystem of the scientific payload, which has three identical telescopes based on the detector unit. The Gas Pixel Detector and its back-end electronics are the core of these units, performing data acquisition and processing, event sequencing, and on-line data compression. The back-end electronics processes the auto-triggered output of the detector of 300 photons per second with 30% of dead-time. A radiation-tolerant FPGA implements the electronics custom algorithms, including two digital serial interfaces with a central on-board computer. One interface is used for command and control of the unit, while the other for scientific data transmission. We also designed comprehensive test equipment to emulate the on-board computer and to operate the electronics. This equipment uses an FPGA on a VMEbus board as the electrical interface for the electronics, transferring data to a personal computer with dedicated software infrastructure. In this paper, we shall discuss the design process of the back-end electronics and the results of laboratory tests and measurements with X-ray sources.","PeriodicalId":6760,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","volume":"36 9","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91484856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-31DOI: 10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9508104
E. Tassano-Smith, E. Wilkinson, J. Duffy, J. Spiga
Microbeam Radiation Therapy as a cancer treatment is developing fast due to its high therapeutic effect. This work simulates the MRT setup and the multi-slit collimator used in the creation of microbeams with the aid of TOPAS. TOPAS is a Geant4-based Monte Carlo extension developed to make simulations more readily available to both research and clinical medical physicists, as well as to extend its functionality. A multi-slit collimator is modelled to produce x-ray microbeams with a width of 50 µm and a centre to centre spacing of 400 µm. The energies range from 0 to 600 keV, and they are sampled using the synchrotron-wiggler generated spectrum employed at the biomedical facility of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) in Grenoble, France. This work aims to identify the accuracy of the dose deposition curves and peak to valley dose ratios (PVDRs) obtained with TOPAS. The PVDRs decreased with depth but increased prior to phantom exit due to the absence of back scattering. The simulated results are in line with published simulated and empirical findings, which suggest that TOPAS can be satisfactorily used as a tool for the calculation of the percentage depth dose and PVDRs at the energies considered in this study.
{"title":"A Microdosimetry Application for Microbeam Radiation Therapy Dose Delivery using TOPAS","authors":"E. Tassano-Smith, E. Wilkinson, J. Duffy, J. Spiga","doi":"10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9508104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9508104","url":null,"abstract":"Microbeam Radiation Therapy as a cancer treatment is developing fast due to its high therapeutic effect. This work simulates the MRT setup and the multi-slit collimator used in the creation of microbeams with the aid of TOPAS. TOPAS is a Geant4-based Monte Carlo extension developed to make simulations more readily available to both research and clinical medical physicists, as well as to extend its functionality. A multi-slit collimator is modelled to produce x-ray microbeams with a width of 50 µm and a centre to centre spacing of 400 µm. The energies range from 0 to 600 keV, and they are sampled using the synchrotron-wiggler generated spectrum employed at the biomedical facility of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) in Grenoble, France. This work aims to identify the accuracy of the dose deposition curves and peak to valley dose ratios (PVDRs) obtained with TOPAS. The PVDRs decreased with depth but increased prior to phantom exit due to the absence of back scattering. The simulated results are in line with published simulated and empirical findings, which suggest that TOPAS can be satisfactorily used as a tool for the calculation of the percentage depth dose and PVDRs at the energies considered in this study.","PeriodicalId":6760,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","volume":"112 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87761496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-31DOI: 10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9508060
S. P. Shayesteh, M. Nazari, A. Salahshour, S. Sandoughdaran, Fariba Jozian, A. Y. Joybari, G. Hajianfar, Seyed Hasan Fatehi Feyzabad, M. Khateri, Isaac Shiri, Hossein ARABI, H. Zaidi
In this study, we assess the power of MRI radiomic features for prediction of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients' response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation. T2-Weighted MR images acquired 2 weeks before and 4 weeks after treatment of 50 patients were used. The tumor volume was delineated by an experienced radiologist on T2-weighted MR images followed by the extraction of radiomics features, including morphology, first-order, histogram, and texture from volumes of interest (VOI). First, univariate analysis was applied on features to identify predictive power of features. To build a predictive model, we used Random Forest (RF) algorithm along with Max-Relevance-Min-Redundancy (MRMR) feature selection algorithm for reducing complexity and improving generalization. Finally, the model was evaluated through the area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve (AVC), sensitivity, specificity and accuracy metrics. In univariate analysis, delta radiomics of LAE and LALGLE features from GLSZM had the highest predictive performance (AUC=0.67). In multivariate analysis, the highest predictive performance for response prediction in LARC patients was achieved using delta-radiomic features with AUC of 0.92 and 0.88 in training and validation datasets, respectively. The achieved results were promising to move towards personalized treatment for LARC patients.
{"title":"MRI Radiomics Features for Prediction of Treatment Response in Colorectal Patients","authors":"S. P. Shayesteh, M. Nazari, A. Salahshour, S. Sandoughdaran, Fariba Jozian, A. Y. Joybari, G. Hajianfar, Seyed Hasan Fatehi Feyzabad, M. Khateri, Isaac Shiri, Hossein ARABI, H. Zaidi","doi":"10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9508060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9508060","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we assess the power of MRI radiomic features for prediction of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients' response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation. T2-Weighted MR images acquired 2 weeks before and 4 weeks after treatment of 50 patients were used. The tumor volume was delineated by an experienced radiologist on T2-weighted MR images followed by the extraction of radiomics features, including morphology, first-order, histogram, and texture from volumes of interest (VOI). First, univariate analysis was applied on features to identify predictive power of features. To build a predictive model, we used Random Forest (RF) algorithm along with Max-Relevance-Min-Redundancy (MRMR) feature selection algorithm for reducing complexity and improving generalization. Finally, the model was evaluated through the area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve (AVC), sensitivity, specificity and accuracy metrics. In univariate analysis, delta radiomics of LAE and LALGLE features from GLSZM had the highest predictive performance (AUC=0.67). In multivariate analysis, the highest predictive performance for response prediction in LARC patients was achieved using delta-radiomic features with AUC of 0.92 and 0.88 in training and validation datasets, respectively. The achieved results were promising to move towards personalized treatment for LARC patients.","PeriodicalId":6760,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","volume":"21 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87076340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-31DOI: 10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507787
A. Tchoualack, L. Ottaviani, W. Rahajandraibe, J. Walder, W. Vervisch
High-speed and low noise front-end electronics amplifier has been developed for SiC Based neutron dosimetry. Simulation and realization are presented. This architecture allows to analyse the signal generated by SiC sensor. Find the conversion factor between particle flux and dose being the main objective.
{"title":"Front End Electronics for SiC Based Neutron Dosimetry","authors":"A. Tchoualack, L. Ottaviani, W. Rahajandraibe, J. Walder, W. Vervisch","doi":"10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507787","url":null,"abstract":"High-speed and low noise front-end electronics amplifier has been developed for SiC Based neutron dosimetry. Simulation and realization are presented. This architecture allows to analyse the signal generated by SiC sensor. Find the conversion factor between particle flux and dose being the main objective.","PeriodicalId":6760,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","volume":"41 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87514489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-31DOI: 10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507791
Heejong Kim, B. Epel, S. Sundramoorthy, Hsiu-Ming Tsai, E. Barth, I. Gertsenshteyn, H. Halpern, Y. Hua, Q. Xie, Chin-Tu Chen, C. Kao
Previously we reported the development of a positron emission tomography (PET) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) combined imaging system. The combined imaging system aimed to investigate the potential of PET hypoxia imaging by using EPR oxygen imaging as a reference. Simultaneous PET/EPR data acquisition is important to make sure of recording the same biological changes in both imaging modalities as well as to shorten imaging time. Our current system does not have magnetic or RF shielding. During the initial simultaneous PET/EPR operation, we observed that the EPR RF pulsing induced spurious noise events in the PET, and significantly affected the PET detector performance. We developed a method to reject the EPR RF noise events in off-line data processing. The method is to exploit the waveform sampling capable PET data acquisition implemented in a multi-voltage-threshold (MVT) board, and to use the pulse shape difference found in the MVT waveforms between scintillation and RF noise events. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method in rejecting RF noise events. Preliminary results indicate that the rejection method works effectively to enable simultaneous data acquisition of the PET/EPR system.
{"title":"Rejection of RF Noise Effects on PET in a PET/EPR Combined Imaging System","authors":"Heejong Kim, B. Epel, S. Sundramoorthy, Hsiu-Ming Tsai, E. Barth, I. Gertsenshteyn, H. Halpern, Y. Hua, Q. Xie, Chin-Tu Chen, C. Kao","doi":"10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507791","url":null,"abstract":"Previously we reported the development of a positron emission tomography (PET) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) combined imaging system. The combined imaging system aimed to investigate the potential of PET hypoxia imaging by using EPR oxygen imaging as a reference. Simultaneous PET/EPR data acquisition is important to make sure of recording the same biological changes in both imaging modalities as well as to shorten imaging time. Our current system does not have magnetic or RF shielding. During the initial simultaneous PET/EPR operation, we observed that the EPR RF pulsing induced spurious noise events in the PET, and significantly affected the PET detector performance. We developed a method to reject the EPR RF noise events in off-line data processing. The method is to exploit the waveform sampling capable PET data acquisition implemented in a multi-voltage-threshold (MVT) board, and to use the pulse shape difference found in the MVT waveforms between scintillation and RF noise events. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method in rejecting RF noise events. Preliminary results indicate that the rejection method works effectively to enable simultaneous data acquisition of the PET/EPR system.","PeriodicalId":6760,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","volume":"43 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90160050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-31DOI: 10.1109/NSS/MIC42677.2020.9507873
J. Milnes, T. Conneely, A. Duran, C. Slatter, P. Hink
Microchannel plate (MCP) based photomultiplier tubes (PMT) are used in applications where sub nanosecond timing and/or the ability to work in strong magnetic fields are critical, such as inertial confinement fusion diagnostics or Cherenkov based particle identification systems. Both aspects are improved by reducing the size of the pores in the MCP. Results have previously been presented with the Photek MAPMT253, a 53×53 mm active area square PMT configured with 8×8 anode pads and 15 µm pore MCPs. Here we present results analyzing the performance of the first square PMTs that use 6 µm pore MCPs. The detectors will be evaluated for single photon timing accuracy, gain, uniformity, magnetic field susceptibility, and count rate capability compared to the standard device.
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