Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2023-009
YU-JIE Li, JI-SHU Guo, HONG-PING Ni, YING-YAN Huang, J. Kociolek, YAN-LING Li
One new species, Placoneis modaomensis, found in freshwater environment from tributary of the Pearl River which lies in Modaomen Channel, Zhuhai County, Guangdong Province, China, is described based on light and scanning electron microscope observations. P. modaomensis sp. nov. has the morphological features that are typical for the genus, including external terminal raphe fissures curve to the opposite sides and areolae with internal volate occlusions. The new species is similar to P. amphibola (Cleve) E.J. Cox, P. amphiboliformis (Metzeltin, Lange-Bertalot & Soninkhishig) Vishnyakov, P. parvapolonica Lange-Bertalot & Wojtal, P. clementispronina Lange-Bertalot & Wojtal and P. nanoclementis Lange-Bertalot & Wojtal in the shape of the valves and having course striae but it can be easily distinguished by the two main morphological characteristics: external central raphe endings bent in the opposite directions, and areolae covered by volate occlusions externally. The latter feature appears to be new for taxa assigned to the genus Placoneis. Data on the associated diatom flora and its ecology are also given. These findings increase our understanding about the morphology of Placoneis in general and its and distribution of the genus in China.
根据光镜和扫描电镜观察，介绍了在广东省珠海县磨门海峡珠江支流淡水环境中发现的一个新种——磨门扁螺。P.modaomensis sp.nov.具有该属典型的形态特征，包括向外弯曲的中缝末端裂隙和具有内掌闭塞的乳晕。该新种类似于角闪石P.（Cleve）E.J.Cox、角闪石P，P.clementistronina Lange Bertalot&Wojtal和P.nanoclementis Lange Berdalot&Woj tal呈瓣膜形状，具有行程纹，但可以很容易地通过两个主要的形态学特征来区分：外侧中央中缝末端向相反方向弯曲，乳晕外侧被掌状闭塞物覆盖。后一个特征似乎是新的分类群，被分配到Placoneis属。还提供了有关硅藻植物群及其生态学的数据。这些发现增加了我们对斑蝶属的一般形态及其在中国的分布的了解。
{"title":"Placoneis modaomensis sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta; Cymbellaceae), a new species from Guangdong Province, China","authors":"YU-JIE Li, JI-SHU Guo, HONG-PING Ni, YING-YAN Huang, J. Kociolek, YAN-LING Li","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2023-009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2023-009","url":null,"abstract":"One new species, Placoneis modaomensis, found in freshwater environment from tributary of the Pearl River which lies in Modaomen Channel, Zhuhai County, Guangdong Province, China, is described based on light and scanning electron microscope observations. P. modaomensis sp. nov. has the morphological features that are typical for the genus, including external terminal raphe fissures curve to the opposite sides and areolae with internal volate occlusions. The new species is similar to P. amphibola (Cleve) E.J. Cox, P. amphiboliformis (Metzeltin, Lange-Bertalot & Soninkhishig) Vishnyakov, P. parvapolonica Lange-Bertalot & Wojtal, P. clementispronina Lange-Bertalot & Wojtal and P. nanoclementis Lange-Bertalot & Wojtal in the shape of the valves and having course striae but it can be easily distinguished by the two main morphological characteristics: external central raphe endings bent in the opposite directions, and areolae covered by volate occlusions externally. The latter feature appears to be new for taxa assigned to the genus Placoneis. Data on the associated diatom flora and its ecology are also given. These findings increase our understanding about the morphology of Placoneis in general and its and distribution of the genus in China.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45474679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2023-010
E. C. Aytar, Yasemin ÖZDENER KÖMPE
In recent years, the orchid species have become endangered due to overuse and habitat destruction. As with most flowering plants, seed production is the primary strategy for reproduction in orchids. Orchids produce tiny seeds consisting of a seed coat and a rudimentary embryo. However, it lacks the endosperm, which is generally required as the primary energy source during germination. The only way to germinate orchid seeds is to get nutrients from an external source. In nature, this is achieved by mycorrhizal symbiosis. This study used Ceratobasidium sp. inoculation of Anacamptis laxiflora (Lam.) seeds combined with media with various organic substrates to determine their effectiveness on germination and seedling development by in vitro culture. The highest germination rate (35.78%) was obtained in the medium with addition of young hazelnut leaves. Then, soilless ex vitro symbiotic germination was performed on young hazelnut leaves, the most effective organic substrate. Seed germination was determined to be 19.01% in this medium while 14.87% seedlings with developed leaves and roots were formed. For the first time, success was achieved by producing A. laxiflora from seed in ex vitro conditions without soil and adapting it to nature.
{"title":"Effect of different substrates on in vitro symbiotic seed germination for soilless production of Anacamptis laxiflora orchid","authors":"E. C. Aytar, Yasemin ÖZDENER KÖMPE","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2023-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2023-010","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the orchid species have become endangered due to overuse and habitat destruction. As with most flowering plants, seed production is the primary strategy for reproduction in orchids. Orchids produce tiny seeds consisting of a seed coat and a rudimentary embryo. However, it lacks the endosperm, which is generally required as the primary energy source during germination. The only way to germinate orchid seeds is to get nutrients from an external source. In nature, this is achieved by mycorrhizal symbiosis. This study used Ceratobasidium sp. inoculation of Anacamptis laxiflora (Lam.) seeds combined with media with various organic substrates to determine their effectiveness on germination and seedling development by in vitro culture. The highest germination rate (35.78%) was obtained in the medium with addition of young hazelnut leaves. Then, soilless ex vitro symbiotic germination was performed on young hazelnut leaves, the most effective organic substrate. Seed germination was determined to be 19.01% in this medium while 14.87% seedlings with developed leaves and roots were formed. For the first time, success was achieved by producing A. laxiflora from seed in ex vitro conditions without soil and adapting it to nature.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47455474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2023-007
N. Jasprica, M. Terzi
This paper presents the new association Pimpinello lithophilae-Centaureetum lovricii, described for the halotolerant vegetation of the order Helichrysetalia italici (Crithmo-Staticetea) on the island of Vis (southern Croatia). The new association substitutes the Pimpinello lithophilae-Centaureetum issaeae, originally published invalidly because its name was formed from the invalid taxon name ‘Centaurea issaea Lovrić’.
{"title":"The new association Pimpinello lithophilae-Centaureetum lovricii (Crithmo-Staticetea) from the island of Vis (southern Croatia)","authors":"N. Jasprica, M. Terzi","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2023-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2023-007","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the new association Pimpinello lithophilae-Centaureetum lovricii, described for the halotolerant vegetation of the order Helichrysetalia italici (Crithmo-Staticetea) on the island of Vis (southern Croatia). The new association substitutes the Pimpinello lithophilae-Centaureetum issaeae, originally published invalidly because its name was formed from the invalid taxon name ‘Centaurea issaea Lovrić’.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45985036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-08DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2023-006
F. Nazari, R. Hajiboland, C. Poschenrieder, E. Kahneh, S. Salehi-Lisar, Aioub Moradi
About one-third of the earth’s land area consists of acidic soils. The rhizotoxic Al3+ is one of the primary constraints associated with low soil pH. Various Amaranthus species are important components of the weed flora in tea plantations on acid soils in north Iran. In this study, four Amaranthus species (A. blitoides, A. retroflexus, A. cruentus, and A. tricolor) were grown under hydroponic conditions with total Al concentrations of 0, 20, 50, 200, and 400 µM corresponding to free Al3+ activity of 0, 3.75, 11.97, 60.34, and 125 µM, respectively. Low Al concentrations (20, 50, or 200 µM) stimulated plant growth, A. tricolor demonstrated the highest improvement in shoot growth (93%), whereas A. retroflexus exhibited the greatest improvement in root biomass (367%), total root length (173%), and aproot length (32%). Although the response of shoot biomass to 400 µM Al varied among species, all species were able to accumulate Al in the leaves above the critical level considered for Al hyperaccumulation (1 mg g–1 DW). Our findings revealed Al accumulation in Amaranthus species for the first time at the genus and family levels, suggesting that these species are suitable for the restoration and revegetation of acid-eroded soils.
地球陆地面积的三分之一是酸性土壤。根毒性Al3+是低土壤ph的主要制约因素之一。伊朗北部酸性土壤茶园中，各种苋属植物是杂草区系的重要组成部分。以四种苋菜(A. blitoides, A. retroflexus, A. cruentus和A. tricolor)为研究对象，在总铝浓度为0、20、50、200和400µM的水培条件下生长，其游离Al3+活性分别为0、3.75、11.97、60.34和125µM。低铝浓度(20、50或200µM)对植物生长有促进作用，三色木犀对茎部生长的促进作用最大(93%)，而逆行木犀对根生物量(367%)、总根长(173%)和主根长(32%)的促进作用最大。尽管不同物种的茎部生物量对400µM Al的响应不同，但所有物种在叶片中积累的Al都超过了过量积累的临界水平(1 mg g-1 DW)。研究结果首次揭示了苋属植物在属和科水平上的铝积累，表明苋属植物适合于酸侵蚀土壤的恢复和恢复。
{"title":"Aluminum accumulation and tolerance in four Amaranthus species","authors":"F. Nazari, R. Hajiboland, C. Poschenrieder, E. Kahneh, S. Salehi-Lisar, Aioub Moradi","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2023-006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2023-006","url":null,"abstract":"About one-third of the earth’s land area consists of acidic soils. The rhizotoxic Al3+ is one of the primary constraints associated with low soil pH. Various Amaranthus species are important components of the weed flora in tea plantations on acid soils in north Iran. In this study, four Amaranthus species (A. blitoides, A. retroflexus, A. cruentus, and A. tricolor) were grown under hydroponic conditions with total Al concentrations of 0, 20, 50, 200, and 400 µM corresponding to free Al3+ activity of 0, 3.75, 11.97, 60.34, and 125 µM, respectively. Low Al concentrations (20, 50, or 200 µM) stimulated plant growth, A. tricolor demonstrated the highest improvement in shoot growth (93%), whereas A. retroflexus exhibited the greatest improvement in root biomass (367%), total root length (173%), and aproot length (32%). Although the response of shoot biomass to 400 µM Al varied among species, all species were able to accumulate Al in the leaves above the critical level considered for Al hyperaccumulation (1 mg g–1 DW). Our findings revealed Al accumulation in Amaranthus species for the first time at the genus and family levels, suggesting that these species are suitable for the restoration and revegetation of acid-eroded soils.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48488883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-08DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2023-005
Gregorio Aragón, Isabel Martínez
The present paper reports the first record of Diplotomma cedricola (Werner) Etayo in the eastern Mediterranean (Creta Island, Greece), being the nearest record from Corsica (France). This lichen species was found near Iérapreta on decorticated Cupressus sempervirens L. and Pinus brutia Ten. trees. This finding constitutes a great expansion of the distribution range of this species.
{"title":"First record of Diplotomma cedricola in the eastern Mediterranean","authors":"Gregorio Aragón, Isabel Martínez","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2023-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2023-005","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper reports the first record of Diplotomma cedricola (Werner) Etayo in the eastern Mediterranean (Creta Island, Greece), being the nearest record from Corsica (France). This lichen species was found near Iérapreta on decorticated Cupressus sempervirens L. and Pinus brutia Ten. trees. This finding constitutes a great expansion of the distribution range of this species.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44410511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benzoapyrene (B[a]P) pollution poses a threat to the environment and the food chain and consequently to human health. However, the alleviation of the harmful effects of B[a]P pollution in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) by the application of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) has been ignored. Thus, in this paper the effects of exogenous sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a NO donor) on the growth, photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics, and antioxidant enzyme activity of ryegrass exposed to B[a]P stress are investigated. B[a]P stress induced the reduction of the aboveground and belowground dry weights, chlorophyll (a, b), the total chlorophyll contents, the carotenoid content, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci), the water use efficiency (WUE), the photosystem II (PSII) potential activity (Fv/F0), the maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm), the steady-state fluorescence yield (Fs), and the non-photochemical quenching (qN), while enhancement was recorded in response to the foliar spray of SNP at 200 and 300 μmol·L-1 under B[a]P stress. Gray correlation and principal component analyses show that 200 μmol·L 1 of SNP more drastically alleviated the damage caused by B[a]P stress than 300 μmol·L 1 of SNP. The exogenous NO-mediated alleviation of B[a]P toxicity in ryegrass was associated with preserved photosynthetic characteristics and activation of antioxidant enzymes.
{"title":"Effects of exogenous NO on the growth and photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics of ryegrass seedlings under B[a]P stress","authors":"Yue Li, Junqiang Ma, Yu Wang, Sunan Xu, Lei Jiang, Lihong Zhang, Wei Hou","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2023-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2023-004","url":null,"abstract":"Benzoapyrene (B[a]P) pollution poses a threat to the environment and the food chain and consequently to human health. However, the alleviation of the harmful effects of B[a]P pollution in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) by the application of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) has been ignored. Thus, in this paper the effects of exogenous sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a NO donor) on the growth, photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics, and antioxidant enzyme activity of ryegrass exposed to B[a]P stress are investigated. B[a]P stress induced the reduction of the aboveground and belowground dry weights, chlorophyll (a, b), the total chlorophyll contents, the carotenoid content, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci), the water use efficiency (WUE), the photosystem II (PSII) potential activity (Fv/F0), the maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm), the steady-state fluorescence yield (Fs), and the non-photochemical quenching (qN), while enhancement was recorded in response to the foliar spray of SNP at 200 and 300 μmol·L-1 under B[a]P stress. Gray correlation and principal component analyses show that 200 μmol·L 1 of SNP more drastically alleviated the damage caused by B[a]P stress than 300 μmol·L 1 of SNP. The exogenous NO-mediated alleviation of B[a]P toxicity in ryegrass was associated with preserved photosynthetic characteristics and activation of antioxidant enzymes.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47731936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2023-003
M. Mačukanović-Jocić, D. Stešević, D. Rančić, M. Šundiċ
The pollen grains of Leiotulus aureus (syn. Malabaila aurea (Sm.) Boiss.) were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy in order to contribute to the taxonomical and melissopalynological studies of the species. Flower visitors have also been observed and analyzed aiming at clarifying some pollination aspects including the species contribution to the bee pasture. The pollen grains of L. aureus are isopolar, radially symmetrical, medium to large in size, tricolporate and perprolate. They are slightly equatorially constricted with obtuse polar caps and triangular in polar view. The sculpturing pattern is rugulate–microperforate. With regard to flower visitors, the following pollination types occurred: melittophily, myophily and sapromyophily and cantharophily. Some insects attracted by L. aureus cannot be considered pollinators but casual visitors. The flowers were the most frequently visited by honey bees during the midday.
{"title":"Pollen morphology and flower visitors of Leiotulus aureus (Sm.) Pimenov & Ostr. (Apiaceae)","authors":"M. Mačukanović-Jocić, D. Stešević, D. Rančić, M. Šundiċ","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2023-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2023-003","url":null,"abstract":"The pollen grains of Leiotulus aureus (syn. Malabaila aurea (Sm.) Boiss.) were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy in order to contribute to the taxonomical and melissopalynological studies of the species. Flower visitors have also been observed and analyzed aiming at clarifying some pollination aspects including the species contribution to the bee pasture. The pollen grains of L. aureus are isopolar, radially symmetrical, medium to large in size, tricolporate and perprolate. They are slightly equatorially constricted with obtuse polar caps and triangular in polar view. The sculpturing pattern is rugulate–microperforate. With regard to flower visitors, the following pollination types occurred: melittophily, myophily and sapromyophily and cantharophily. Some insects attracted by L. aureus cannot be considered pollinators but casual visitors. The flowers were the most frequently visited by honey bees during the midday.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47254888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-07DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2023-002
T. Ezer, M. Alataş, N. Batan, H. Erata
In this study, the epiphytic bryophyte succession of the Buxus sempervirens L. forests in Fırtına Valley (Çamlıhemşin-Rize, North Türkiye), one of the nine biodiversity hotspots in Türkiye, were investigated. For this purpose, a total of 60 sampling plots were taken from the live trunks of the B. sempervirens trees of different ages. Twenty-nine epiphytic bryophyte species were determined (24 mosses and 5 liverworts) within the sample plots. Also, six different life form types and four different habitat affinity categories were determined. The mat type life form is in the first place with 34.4% whereas the and cortico-saxicolous species are the most common with 51.7%. Two-Way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN) classified the epiphytic bryophyte communities on the trunks of the B. sempervirens at the second level into two main clusters (A and B) and three sub-clusters (A1, B1 and, B2). Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) axis 1 was interpreted as gradient along the height of the epiphytic habitat (from the lower base to the upper zone) on trunks and the DCA axis 2 was interpreted as gradient of moisture (from mesic to xeric). Exsertotheca crispa (Hedw.) S.Olsson, Enroth & D.Quandt was the species with the highest Index of Ecological Significance (IES) value on the lower bases of the aged trees. Species diversity and epiphytic cover in the upper zones were lower than in the basal and middle zones in the study area. While Metzgeria furcata, (L.) Corda, Oxyrrhynchium hians (Hedw.) Loeske, Plagiothecium nemorale (Mitt.) A.Jaeger, and Radula lindenbergiana Gottsche ex C.Hartm were only found on old trees, Ctenidium molluscum (Hedw.) Mitt. and Pseudoleskeella nervosa (Brid.) Nyholm were only found on middle-aged trees.
{"title":"The epiphytic bryophyte succession of Buxus sempervirens forests in the Fırtına Valley, Rize (North Türkiye)","authors":"T. Ezer, M. Alataş, N. Batan, H. Erata","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2023-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2023-002","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the epiphytic bryophyte succession of the Buxus sempervirens L. forests in Fırtına Valley (Çamlıhemşin-Rize, North Türkiye), one of the nine biodiversity hotspots in Türkiye, were investigated. For this purpose, a total of 60 sampling plots were taken from the live trunks of the B. sempervirens trees of different ages. Twenty-nine epiphytic bryophyte species were determined (24 mosses and 5 liverworts) within the sample plots. Also, six different life form types and four different habitat affinity categories were determined. The mat type life form is in the first place with 34.4% whereas the and cortico-saxicolous species are the most common with 51.7%. Two-Way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN) classified the epiphytic bryophyte communities on the trunks of the B. sempervirens at the second level into two main clusters (A and B) and three sub-clusters (A1, B1 and, B2). Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) axis 1 was interpreted as gradient along the height of the epiphytic habitat (from the lower base to the upper zone) on trunks and the DCA axis 2 was interpreted as gradient of moisture (from mesic to xeric). Exsertotheca crispa (Hedw.) S.Olsson, Enroth & D.Quandt was the species with the highest Index of Ecological Significance (IES) value on the lower bases of the aged trees. Species diversity and epiphytic cover in the upper zones were lower than in the basal and middle zones in the study area. While Metzgeria furcata, (L.) Corda, Oxyrrhynchium hians (Hedw.) Loeske, Plagiothecium nemorale (Mitt.) A.Jaeger, and Radula lindenbergiana Gottsche ex C.Hartm were only found on old trees, Ctenidium molluscum (Hedw.) Mitt. and Pseudoleskeella nervosa (Brid.) Nyholm were only found on middle-aged trees.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47080710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2022-025
Sinem Günaydın, C. Aykurt
Tiller leaf anatomical features of nine Alopecurus species collected from high mountainous areas in Turkey were evaluated in the present study. Detailed leaf anatomical descriptions of the studied taxa and an identification key generated using the anatomical features are given. Clustering and principal coordinate analysis (PCA) methods were applied based on a total of 14 leaf anatomical characters. Anatomical differences between species were detected and anatomical characters of taxonomic interest were identified in this genus. With clustering analyses, a UPGMA tree was obtained to show the relationship between the species studied. Based on the results of PCA, the arrangement of adaxial sclerenchyma cells, the number of adaxial ribs, the number of abaxial sclerenchyma strands, the size of epidermal cells and the number of vascular bundles are designated as the most reliable characters to separate the species.
{"title":"Taxonomic importance of leaf anatomical characters for the genus Alopecurus L. (Poaceae)","authors":"Sinem Günaydın, C. Aykurt","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2022-025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-025","url":null,"abstract":"Tiller leaf anatomical features of nine Alopecurus species collected from high mountainous areas in Turkey were evaluated in the present study. Detailed leaf anatomical descriptions of the studied taxa and an identification key generated using the anatomical features are given. Clustering and principal coordinate analysis (PCA) methods were applied based on a total of 14 leaf anatomical characters. Anatomical differences between species were detected and anatomical characters of taxonomic interest were identified in this genus. With clustering analyses, a UPGMA tree was obtained to show the relationship between the species studied. Based on the results of PCA, the arrangement of adaxial sclerenchyma cells, the number of adaxial ribs, the number of abaxial sclerenchyma strands, the size of epidermal cells and the number of vascular bundles are designated as the most reliable characters to separate the species.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42921473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2022-029
M. Ravanbakhsh, B. Babakhani, M. Ghasemnezhad, F. Serpooshan, Mohamad Hassan Biglouie
Drought stress is a major environmental factor limiting plant growth. Selection of drought-tolerant plants is of critical importance in vegetation restoration and forestation programs. Alnus subcordata and Acer velutinum are two valuable, dominant, and endemic species in the Hyrcanian forests. There are fast-growing species and significant diffuse-porous hardwood in afforestation and reforestation. One-year old seedlings of both species were exposed to four water shortage treatments (100, 75, 50 and 25% of field capacity (FC) chosen as control, mild, moderate, and severe) for 12 weeks. Thereafter, their morphological characteristics such as height and basal area, total and organs biomass (root, stem, and leaf), leaf area (LA), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf area ratio (LAR), as well as physiological and biochemical characteristics such as relative water content (RWC), content of chlorophyll, free proline and malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activity were measured. The results showed that when exposed to reduced water availability, plants’ height, basal diameter, total and organs biomass, LA, LAR, RWC and chlorophyll content decreased, but their proline concentration, MDA content, SOD, and POD activity increased in both species. The root to shoot ratio (R/S) and root mass ratio (RMR) increased at 50 and 25% FC treatments in A. subcordata, whereas no significant difference was found in A. velutinum under drought treatments. SLA increased significantly at 50% FC in A. velutinum and decreased in A. subcordata under drought treatments compared to control treatment. A. velutinum showed more proline content, RWC, POD, and lower increase in MDA content than A. subcordata under moderate treatment. Therefore, A. velutinum appears to possess a better mechanism to cope drought stress. The drought tolerance of A. velutinum may enhance its potential for climatic adaptations under drier conditions with the ongoing climatic change.
{"title":"Acer velutinum Bioss. (velvet maple) seedlings are more tolerant to water deficit than Alnus subcordata C.A. Mey. (Caucasian alder) seedlings","authors":"M. Ravanbakhsh, B. Babakhani, M. Ghasemnezhad, F. Serpooshan, Mohamad Hassan Biglouie","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2022-029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-029","url":null,"abstract":"Drought stress is a major environmental factor limiting plant growth. Selection of drought-tolerant plants is of critical importance in vegetation restoration and forestation programs. Alnus subcordata and Acer velutinum are two valuable, dominant, and endemic species in the Hyrcanian forests. There are fast-growing species and significant diffuse-porous hardwood in afforestation and reforestation. One-year old seedlings of both species were exposed to four water shortage treatments (100, 75, 50 and 25% of field capacity (FC) chosen as control, mild, moderate, and severe) for 12 weeks. Thereafter, their morphological characteristics such as height and basal area, total and organs biomass (root, stem, and leaf), leaf area (LA), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf area ratio (LAR), as well as physiological and biochemical characteristics such as relative water content (RWC), content of chlorophyll, free proline and malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activity were measured. The results showed that when exposed to reduced water availability, plants’ height, basal diameter, total and organs biomass, LA, LAR, RWC and chlorophyll content decreased, but their proline concentration, MDA content, SOD, and POD activity increased in both species. The root to shoot ratio (R/S) and root mass ratio (RMR) increased at 50 and 25% FC treatments in A. subcordata, whereas no significant difference was found in A. velutinum under drought treatments. SLA increased significantly at 50% FC in A. velutinum and decreased in A. subcordata under drought treatments compared to control treatment. A. velutinum showed more proline content, RWC, POD, and lower increase in MDA content than A. subcordata under moderate treatment. Therefore, A. velutinum appears to possess a better mechanism to cope drought stress. The drought tolerance of A. velutinum may enhance its potential for climatic adaptations under drier conditions with the ongoing climatic change.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46948433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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