Pub Date : 2022-11-07DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2023-002
T. Ezer, M. Alataş, N. Batan, H. Erata
In this study, the epiphytic bryophyte succession of the Buxus sempervirens L. forests in Fırtına Valley (Çamlıhemşin-Rize, North Türkiye), one of the nine biodiversity hotspots in Türkiye, were investigated. For this purpose, a total of 60 sampling plots were taken from the live trunks of the B. sempervirens trees of different ages. Twenty-nine epiphytic bryophyte species were determined (24 mosses and 5 liverworts) within the sample plots. Also, six different life form types and four different habitat affinity categories were determined. The mat type life form is in the first place with 34.4% whereas the and cortico-saxicolous species are the most common with 51.7%. Two-Way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN) classified the epiphytic bryophyte communities on the trunks of the B. sempervirens at the second level into two main clusters (A and B) and three sub-clusters (A1, B1 and, B2). Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) axis 1 was interpreted as gradient along the height of the epiphytic habitat (from the lower base to the upper zone) on trunks and the DCA axis 2 was interpreted as gradient of moisture (from mesic to xeric). Exsertotheca crispa (Hedw.) S.Olsson, Enroth & D.Quandt was the species with the highest Index of Ecological Significance (IES) value on the lower bases of the aged trees. Species diversity and epiphytic cover in the upper zones were lower than in the basal and middle zones in the study area. While Metzgeria furcata, (L.) Corda, Oxyrrhynchium hians (Hedw.) Loeske, Plagiothecium nemorale (Mitt.) A.Jaeger, and Radula lindenbergiana Gottsche ex C.Hartm were only found on old trees, Ctenidium molluscum (Hedw.) Mitt. and Pseudoleskeella nervosa (Brid.) Nyholm were only found on middle-aged trees.
{"title":"The epiphytic bryophyte succession of Buxus sempervirens forests in the Fırtına Valley, Rize (North Türkiye)","authors":"T. Ezer, M. Alataş, N. Batan, H. Erata","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2023-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2023-002","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the epiphytic bryophyte succession of the Buxus sempervirens L. forests in Fırtına Valley (Çamlıhemşin-Rize, North Türkiye), one of the nine biodiversity hotspots in Türkiye, were investigated. For this purpose, a total of 60 sampling plots were taken from the live trunks of the B. sempervirens trees of different ages. Twenty-nine epiphytic bryophyte species were determined (24 mosses and 5 liverworts) within the sample plots. Also, six different life form types and four different habitat affinity categories were determined. The mat type life form is in the first place with 34.4% whereas the and cortico-saxicolous species are the most common with 51.7%. Two-Way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN) classified the epiphytic bryophyte communities on the trunks of the B. sempervirens at the second level into two main clusters (A and B) and three sub-clusters (A1, B1 and, B2). Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) axis 1 was interpreted as gradient along the height of the epiphytic habitat (from the lower base to the upper zone) on trunks and the DCA axis 2 was interpreted as gradient of moisture (from mesic to xeric). Exsertotheca crispa (Hedw.) S.Olsson, Enroth & D.Quandt was the species with the highest Index of Ecological Significance (IES) value on the lower bases of the aged trees. Species diversity and epiphytic cover in the upper zones were lower than in the basal and middle zones in the study area. While Metzgeria furcata, (L.) Corda, Oxyrrhynchium hians (Hedw.) Loeske, Plagiothecium nemorale (Mitt.) A.Jaeger, and Radula lindenbergiana Gottsche ex C.Hartm were only found on old trees, Ctenidium molluscum (Hedw.) Mitt. and Pseudoleskeella nervosa (Brid.) Nyholm were only found on middle-aged trees.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47080710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2022-025
Sinem Günaydın, C. Aykurt
Tiller leaf anatomical features of nine Alopecurus species collected from high mountainous areas in Turkey were evaluated in the present study. Detailed leaf anatomical descriptions of the studied taxa and an identification key generated using the anatomical features are given. Clustering and principal coordinate analysis (PCA) methods were applied based on a total of 14 leaf anatomical characters. Anatomical differences between species were detected and anatomical characters of taxonomic interest were identified in this genus. With clustering analyses, a UPGMA tree was obtained to show the relationship between the species studied. Based on the results of PCA, the arrangement of adaxial sclerenchyma cells, the number of adaxial ribs, the number of abaxial sclerenchyma strands, the size of epidermal cells and the number of vascular bundles are designated as the most reliable characters to separate the species.
{"title":"Taxonomic importance of leaf anatomical characters for the genus Alopecurus L. (Poaceae)","authors":"Sinem Günaydın, C. Aykurt","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2022-025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-025","url":null,"abstract":"Tiller leaf anatomical features of nine Alopecurus species collected from high mountainous areas in Turkey were evaluated in the present study. Detailed leaf anatomical descriptions of the studied taxa and an identification key generated using the anatomical features are given. Clustering and principal coordinate analysis (PCA) methods were applied based on a total of 14 leaf anatomical characters. Anatomical differences between species were detected and anatomical characters of taxonomic interest were identified in this genus. With clustering analyses, a UPGMA tree was obtained to show the relationship between the species studied. Based on the results of PCA, the arrangement of adaxial sclerenchyma cells, the number of adaxial ribs, the number of abaxial sclerenchyma strands, the size of epidermal cells and the number of vascular bundles are designated as the most reliable characters to separate the species.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42921473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2022-029
M. Ravanbakhsh, B. Babakhani, M. Ghasemnezhad, F. Serpooshan, Mohamad Hassan Biglouie
Drought stress is a major environmental factor limiting plant growth. Selection of drought-tolerant plants is of critical importance in vegetation restoration and forestation programs. Alnus subcordata and Acer velutinum are two valuable, dominant, and endemic species in the Hyrcanian forests. There are fast-growing species and significant diffuse-porous hardwood in afforestation and reforestation. One-year old seedlings of both species were exposed to four water shortage treatments (100, 75, 50 and 25% of field capacity (FC) chosen as control, mild, moderate, and severe) for 12 weeks. Thereafter, their morphological characteristics such as height and basal area, total and organs biomass (root, stem, and leaf), leaf area (LA), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf area ratio (LAR), as well as physiological and biochemical characteristics such as relative water content (RWC), content of chlorophyll, free proline and malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activity were measured. The results showed that when exposed to reduced water availability, plants’ height, basal diameter, total and organs biomass, LA, LAR, RWC and chlorophyll content decreased, but their proline concentration, MDA content, SOD, and POD activity increased in both species. The root to shoot ratio (R/S) and root mass ratio (RMR) increased at 50 and 25% FC treatments in A. subcordata, whereas no significant difference was found in A. velutinum under drought treatments. SLA increased significantly at 50% FC in A. velutinum and decreased in A. subcordata under drought treatments compared to control treatment. A. velutinum showed more proline content, RWC, POD, and lower increase in MDA content than A. subcordata under moderate treatment. Therefore, A. velutinum appears to possess a better mechanism to cope drought stress. The drought tolerance of A. velutinum may enhance its potential for climatic adaptations under drier conditions with the ongoing climatic change.
{"title":"Acer velutinum Bioss. (velvet maple) seedlings are more tolerant to water deficit than Alnus subcordata C.A. Mey. (Caucasian alder) seedlings","authors":"M. Ravanbakhsh, B. Babakhani, M. Ghasemnezhad, F. Serpooshan, Mohamad Hassan Biglouie","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2022-029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-029","url":null,"abstract":"Drought stress is a major environmental factor limiting plant growth. Selection of drought-tolerant plants is of critical importance in vegetation restoration and forestation programs. Alnus subcordata and Acer velutinum are two valuable, dominant, and endemic species in the Hyrcanian forests. There are fast-growing species and significant diffuse-porous hardwood in afforestation and reforestation. One-year old seedlings of both species were exposed to four water shortage treatments (100, 75, 50 and 25% of field capacity (FC) chosen as control, mild, moderate, and severe) for 12 weeks. Thereafter, their morphological characteristics such as height and basal area, total and organs biomass (root, stem, and leaf), leaf area (LA), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf area ratio (LAR), as well as physiological and biochemical characteristics such as relative water content (RWC), content of chlorophyll, free proline and malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activity were measured. The results showed that when exposed to reduced water availability, plants’ height, basal diameter, total and organs biomass, LA, LAR, RWC and chlorophyll content decreased, but their proline concentration, MDA content, SOD, and POD activity increased in both species. The root to shoot ratio (R/S) and root mass ratio (RMR) increased at 50 and 25% FC treatments in A. subcordata, whereas no significant difference was found in A. velutinum under drought treatments. SLA increased significantly at 50% FC in A. velutinum and decreased in A. subcordata under drought treatments compared to control treatment. A. velutinum showed more proline content, RWC, POD, and lower increase in MDA content than A. subcordata under moderate treatment. Therefore, A. velutinum appears to possess a better mechanism to cope drought stress. The drought tolerance of A. velutinum may enhance its potential for climatic adaptations under drier conditions with the ongoing climatic change.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46948433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2022-026
J. Pantović, S. Grdović, M. Sabovljević
Bosnia and Herzegovina has a long history of bryophyte flora research. However, it is still considered insufficiently investigated, and until recently the bryophyte investigations were completely neglected. Hence new records for the country are expected with novel exploration. Here, we report one liverwort (Porella obtusata) and four moss species (Bryum klinggraeffii, Cinclidotus danubicus, Habrodon perpusillus and Imbribryum subapiculatum) new for the country bryophyte flora. With these new records bryoflora of Bosnia and Herzegovina numbers 673 taxa (no hornworts, 134 liverworts and 539 mosses).
{"title":"New bryophyte taxa for Bosnia and Herzegovina","authors":"J. Pantović, S. Grdović, M. Sabovljević","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2022-026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-026","url":null,"abstract":"Bosnia and Herzegovina has a long history of bryophyte flora research. However, it is still considered insufficiently investigated, and until recently the bryophyte investigations were completely neglected. Hence new records for the country are expected with novel exploration. Here, we report one liverwort (Porella obtusata) and four moss species (Bryum klinggraeffii, Cinclidotus danubicus, Habrodon perpusillus and Imbribryum subapiculatum) new for the country bryophyte flora. With these new records bryoflora of Bosnia and Herzegovina numbers 673 taxa (no hornworts, 134 liverworts and 539 mosses).","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48087832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2022-028
A. Juan, J. Moreno, Alejandro Terrones
As a result of a floristic survey carried out in riparian ecosystems of the southeastern Iberian Peninsula ( a first report of well established populations of the allochthonous cultivated plant species Cucurbita moschata Duchesne is here provided for the Iberian Peninsula. Data about the morphological description (compared to other Cucurbita species), certain clarification aspects about the typification status of this name and related synonyms, and ecological and climatic conditions of the riparian area are given together with a key identification of the Cucurbita species to facilitate further identification. The alien status and distribution of C. moschata together with its relatives C. ficifolia C. pepo and C. maxima are reviewed for the Spanish references. This study outlines the first record of a naturalized population of C. moschata in Spain, well supported by the stability of the population along the years and ecological conditions. Finally, the detailed ecological data indicate that the agricultural activities together with riparian habitats, respectively, are starting points and corridors for seed dispersal for the process of invasion of alien plants in the southeastern Iberian Peninsula.
{"title":"First record of alien naturalized populations of the crop Cucurbita moschata (Cucurbitaceae) in Spain, with remarks on typification status","authors":"A. Juan, J. Moreno, Alejandro Terrones","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2022-028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-028","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of a floristic survey carried out in riparian ecosystems of the southeastern Iberian Peninsula ( a first report of well established populations of the allochthonous cultivated plant species Cucurbita moschata Duchesne is here provided for the Iberian Peninsula. Data about the morphological description (compared to other Cucurbita species), certain clarification aspects about the typification status of this name and related synonyms, and ecological and climatic conditions of the riparian area are given together with a key identification of the Cucurbita species to facilitate further identification. The alien status and distribution of C. moschata together with its relatives C. ficifolia C. pepo and C. maxima are reviewed for the Spanish references. This study outlines the first record of a naturalized population of C. moschata in Spain, well supported by the stability of the population along the years and ecological conditions. Finally, the detailed ecological data indicate that the agricultural activities together with riparian habitats, respectively, are starting points and corridors for seed dispersal for the process of invasion of alien plants in the southeastern Iberian Peninsula.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49661311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2022-030
Z. Stančić, Ž. Fiket
Pollination patterns i.e. the proportions of entomophilous, anemophilous, autogamous and hydrophilous plant species and those useful for the European honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) in the flora and vegetation of northern Croatia have been determined. The survey included 507 plant taxa, belonging to 95 plant families. The results show that most plant species depend on insect pollination (73.6%), followed by self-pollination (30%), wind (25%) and water pollination (0.6%). For some plant species there are one, two or more modes of pollination; the largest group consists of pure insect pollination (43%), followed by both insect and self-pollination (27%), pure wind pollination (22%), insect and wind pollination (2.6%), and so on. Overall, 54% of plant species useful to European honey bees were found, of which 51% provide pollen and 47% nectar. These results suggest that A. mellifera could be a potential pollinator for about half of the flora. Analysis shows significant differences in pollination patterns among habitat types and that most entomophilous plant taxa are found in grassland, forest and ruderal sites, indicating that these habitats are most important for pollinators. Other characteristics of plant species, such as flowering time, plant family, life form and origin, were also analysed to determine a possible relationship with pollination.
{"title":"Pollination patterns of flora and vegetation in northern Croatia with reference to Apis mellifera","authors":"Z. Stančić, Ž. Fiket","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2022-030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-030","url":null,"abstract":"Pollination patterns i.e. the proportions of entomophilous, anemophilous, autogamous and hydrophilous plant species and those useful for the European honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) in the flora and vegetation of northern Croatia have been determined. The survey included 507 plant taxa, belonging to 95 plant families. The results show that most plant species depend on insect pollination (73.6%), followed by self-pollination (30%), wind (25%) and water pollination (0.6%). For some plant species there are one, two or more modes of pollination; the largest group consists of pure insect pollination (43%), followed by both insect and self-pollination (27%), pure wind pollination (22%), insect and wind pollination (2.6%), and so on. Overall, 54% of plant species useful to European honey bees were found, of which 51% provide pollen and 47% nectar. These results suggest that A. mellifera could be a potential pollinator for about half of the flora. Analysis shows significant differences in pollination patterns among habitat types and that most entomophilous plant taxa are found in grassland, forest and ruderal sites, indicating that these habitats are most important for pollinators. Other characteristics of plant species, such as flowering time, plant family, life form and origin, were also analysed to determine a possible relationship with pollination.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44511814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2023-001
Abeer A. Radi, Hussein Kh. Salam, A. Hamada, F. Farghaly
With the scarcity of good quality water, plants like tomatoes will be more susceptible to excess boron (EB) in Mediterranean regions. The effects of EB on the growth, free, semi-bound, and bound boron (B) concentrations, and macromolecules of the Solanum lycopersicum L. cultivar Castle Rock, were investigated in this study. Seedlings were exposed to four levels of EB using boric acid. The results manifested that EB inhibited tomato growth, total water content, and photosynthetic pigments. EB harmed the membrane stability, as seen by increased potassium (K) leakage, UV absorbance metabolites, and electrolyte conductivity (EC) in leaf disc solution. EB raised concentrations of free, semi-bound, and bound forms of B in seedlings. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) data revealed that EB induced uneven wax deposition, altered the shape of cell walls, and lowered cellulose synthesis in seedlings. EB affected the amide I and amide II indicating damage to the protein pools. These results provide new insights into understanding the specific effects of EB on the functional groups of different macromolecules of tomato seedlings.
{"title":"Effect of excess boron on growth, membrane stability, and functional groups of tomato seedlings","authors":"Abeer A. Radi, Hussein Kh. Salam, A. Hamada, F. Farghaly","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2023-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2023-001","url":null,"abstract":"With the scarcity of good quality water, plants like tomatoes will be more susceptible to excess boron (EB) in Mediterranean regions. The effects of EB on the growth, free, semi-bound, and bound boron (B) concentrations, and macromolecules of the Solanum lycopersicum L. cultivar Castle Rock, were investigated in this study. Seedlings were exposed to four levels of EB using boric acid. The results manifested that EB inhibited tomato growth, total water content, and photosynthetic pigments. EB harmed the membrane stability, as seen by increased potassium (K) leakage, UV absorbance metabolites, and electrolyte conductivity (EC) in leaf disc solution. EB raised concentrations of free, semi-bound, and bound forms of B in seedlings. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) data revealed that EB induced uneven wax deposition, altered the shape of cell walls, and lowered cellulose synthesis in seedlings. EB affected the amide I and amide II indicating damage to the protein pools. These results provide new insights into understanding the specific effects of EB on the functional groups of different macromolecules of tomato seedlings.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42144707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2022-024
N. Bauer, F. Verloove
The first occurrence of Sporobolus indicus in Hungary is reported. The neotropical S. indicus is one of the oldest introduced neophytes to Europe. From the middle of the 19th century until the last decade of the 20th century, apart from a few occasional occurrences, it expanded only in the Mediterranean area. However, the number of observations has dramatically increased in the past two decades, even outside the Mediterranean region. Its recent rapid spreading is evident along roads, in lawns, trampled tourist places (e.g., campsites). Tourism certainly contributes to the very successful recent spreading of the species. Still, global warming, the increasingly mild winters in continental Europe, can certainly enhance the establishment and further dispersal of this cold sensitive species.
{"title":"The accelerated spread of a neophyte introduced to Europe long ago","authors":"N. Bauer, F. Verloove","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2022-024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-024","url":null,"abstract":"The first occurrence of Sporobolus indicus in Hungary is reported. The neotropical S. indicus is one of the oldest introduced neophytes to Europe. From the middle of the 19th century until the last decade of the 20th century, apart from a few occasional occurrences, it expanded only in the Mediterranean area. However, the number of observations has dramatically increased in the past two decades, even outside the Mediterranean region. Its recent rapid spreading is evident along roads, in lawns, trampled tourist places (e.g., campsites). Tourism certainly contributes to the very successful recent spreading of the species. Still, global warming, the increasingly mild winters in continental Europe, can certainly enhance the establishment and further dispersal of this cold sensitive species.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47112797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-20DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2022-019
Fereshteh Shakhsi-Dastgahian, J. Valizadeh, A. Einali, M. Cheniany
The effects of foliar application of 5 mM arginine (Arg) on the growth and control of salinity-induced osmotic and oxidative stresses (0, 200, 400 and 600 mM NaCl) in Salicornia europaea seedlings were investigated. Despite higher levels of lipid peroxidation, lower membrane stability index (MSI), decreased pigment content and phenolic compounds, and reduced activity of antioxidant enzymes observed under salinity, seedling growth indices, including plant height and biomass, increased significantly, and some protective and antioxidant molecules such as proline and flavonoids accumulated. Soluble protein level increased at the low salt concentration (200 mM) but decreased at other doses. Exogenous Arg treatment alone had less or no effect on plant biomass and other metabolites, but in combination with salt, further enhanced growth parameters, MSI and accumulation of soluble protein, phenolic compounds and proline. Arg-induced changes under salinity were associated with decreased lipid peroxidation, flavonoids content and antioxidant enzymes activity. These results show that S. europaea seedlings are well tolerant to applied salt doses. The treatment with exogenous Arg alone affects plant growth slightly, but in combination with salt, synergistically increases growth and salt tolerance of these plants by enhancing the accumulation of proline and antioxidant molecules instead of enzymatic antioxidant.
研究了叶面施用5 mM精氨酸（Arg）对海蓬子幼苗生长和控制盐度诱导的渗透和氧化胁迫（0、200、400和600 mM NaCl）的影响。尽管在盐度下观察到脂质过氧化水平较高，膜稳定性指数（MSI）较低，色素含量和酚类化合物降低，抗氧化酶活性降低，但幼苗生长指数（包括株高和生物量）显著增加，一些保护性和抗氧化分子如脯氨酸和类黄酮积累。可溶性蛋白水平在低盐浓度（200mM）下增加，但在其他剂量下降低。外源Arg单独处理对植物生物量和其他代谢产物的影响较小或没有影响，但与盐联合处理，进一步提高了生长参数、MSI和可溶性蛋白、酚类化合物和脯氨酸的积累。Arg在盐度下引起的变化与脂质过氧化、黄酮含量和抗氧化酶活性降低有关。这些结果表明，S.europaea幼苗对施用的盐剂量具有良好的耐受性。单独用外源精氨酸处理对植物生长略有影响，但与盐结合，通过增强脯氨酸和抗氧化分子的积累而不是酶促抗氧化剂，协同提高这些植物的生长和耐盐性。
{"title":"Exogenous arginine treatment additively enhances growth and tolerance of Salicornia europaea seedlings under salinity","authors":"Fereshteh Shakhsi-Dastgahian, J. Valizadeh, A. Einali, M. Cheniany","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2022-019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-019","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of foliar application of 5 mM arginine (Arg) on the growth and control of salinity-induced osmotic and oxidative stresses (0, 200, 400 and 600 mM NaCl) in Salicornia europaea seedlings were investigated. Despite higher levels of lipid peroxidation, lower membrane stability index (MSI), decreased pigment content and phenolic compounds, and reduced activity of antioxidant enzymes observed under salinity, seedling growth indices, including plant height and biomass, increased significantly, and some protective and antioxidant molecules such as proline and flavonoids accumulated. Soluble protein level increased at the low salt concentration (200 mM) but decreased at other doses. Exogenous Arg treatment alone had less or no effect on plant biomass and other metabolites, but in combination with salt, further enhanced growth parameters, MSI and accumulation of soluble protein, phenolic compounds and proline. Arg-induced changes under salinity were associated with decreased lipid peroxidation, flavonoids content and antioxidant enzymes activity. These results show that S. europaea seedlings are well tolerant to applied salt doses. The treatment with exogenous Arg alone affects plant growth slightly, but in combination with salt, synergistically increases growth and salt tolerance of these plants by enhancing the accumulation of proline and antioxidant molecules instead of enzymatic antioxidant.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46107717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-20DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2022-020
Marta Justić, S. Jelaska
Research into the floristic and ecological characteristics of grasslands in the Zagreb area was conducted in June and July 2020. Eight localities were processed, each containing two 1m2 plots. The floristic composition of each quadrat was analysed and the presence of two vegetation communities, Festuco-Brometea and Molinio-Arrhenatheretea, was determined. Although indigenous taxa dominate, two invasive plants: Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) Torr. et A. Gray and Erigeron annuus (L.) Desf. have been recorded. Based on the functional traits of taxa, the functional diversity of plots was calculated and compared with the number of taxa and the weight of plant biomass collected within the plots. Functional diversity values ranged from 1.121 to 2.060 and dry biomass from 251.4 to 586.8 g m-2 per quadrat. Correlation analyses linked a decrease in the number of taxa and functional diversity with an increase in biomass and specific leaf area. Functional diversity is positively correlated with the number of taxa, plant dry matter content and leaf dry matter content. It is necessary to conduct this type of research in other grassland communities in Croatia to obtain more detailed insights into the relations of these parameters.
2020年6月和7月对萨格勒布地区草原的植物区系和生态特征进行了研究。八个地点被处理，每个地点包含两个1m2的地块。分析了各样方的区系组成，确定了Festuco-Brometea和Molinio-Arrhenatheretea两个植被群落的存在。尽管本地分类群占主导地位，但两种入侵植物:棘囊藻(Echinocystis lobata)。托。et A. Gray和Erigeron annuus (L.)Desf。都有记录。根据分类群的功能特征，计算样地的功能多样性，并与样地内的分类群数量和植物生物量生物量进行比较。功能多样性值为1.121 ~ 2.060，干生物量值为251.4 ~ 586.8 g m-2 /样方。相关分析表明，类群数量和功能多样性的减少与生物量和比叶面积的增加有关。功能多样性与类群数量、植物干物质含量和叶片干物质含量呈正相关。有必要在克罗地亚的其他草原群落中进行此类研究，以更详细地了解这些参数之间的关系。
{"title":"The relationship between biodiversity and the biomass of grasslands in the Zagreb area (NW Croatia)","authors":"Marta Justić, S. Jelaska","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2022-020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-020","url":null,"abstract":"Research into the floristic and ecological characteristics of grasslands in the Zagreb area was conducted in June and July 2020. Eight localities were processed, each containing two 1m2 plots. The floristic composition of each quadrat was analysed and the presence of two vegetation communities, Festuco-Brometea and Molinio-Arrhenatheretea, was determined. Although indigenous taxa dominate, two invasive plants: Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) Torr. et A. Gray and Erigeron annuus (L.) Desf. have been recorded. Based on the functional traits of taxa, the functional diversity of plots was calculated and compared with the number of taxa and the weight of plant biomass collected within the plots. Functional diversity values ranged from 1.121 to 2.060 and dry biomass from 251.4 to 586.8 g m-2 per quadrat. Correlation analyses linked a decrease in the number of taxa and functional diversity with an increase in biomass and specific leaf area. Functional diversity is positively correlated with the number of taxa, plant dry matter content and leaf dry matter content. It is necessary to conduct this type of research in other grassland communities in Croatia to obtain more detailed insights into the relations of these parameters.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46389100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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