Pub Date : 2022-04-19DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2022-013
S. Cambria, A. Crisafulli, G. Giusso del Galdo, R. Picone, A. Soldano, S. Sciandrello, G. Tavilla
Sida rhombifolia L. (Malvaceae) has been reported for the first time in Italy. This species with a Paleotropics geographic origin represents a new invasive alien species in the flora of Italy. It was already reported in several European countries as invasive species, but this plant is also known for its medicinal properties in many areas of the world. The species was found in the anthropic environments of Sicily. In particular, the study area is localized in the Peloritani Mounts (NE Sicily) where the species was discovered in five stands. Our new discovery confirmed the role of anthropic activities have had in the alien species invasion in Italy. Diagnostic features, ecological and geographic data are provided. From a phytosociological viewpoint, this plant characterizes a plant community that includes various nitrophilous species such as Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop., Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. and Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. Moreover, invasiveness and impacts associated to this species were assessed by using EPPO prioritization protocol. The specimens were deposited in the herbaria of Catania and Messina University.
{"title":"First record of Sida rhombifolia L. (Malvaceae) for Italian flora","authors":"S. Cambria, A. Crisafulli, G. Giusso del Galdo, R. Picone, A. Soldano, S. Sciandrello, G. Tavilla","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2022-013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-013","url":null,"abstract":"Sida rhombifolia L. (Malvaceae) has been reported for the first time in Italy. This species with a Paleotropics geographic origin represents a new invasive alien species in the flora of Italy. It was already reported in several European countries as invasive species, but this plant is also known for its medicinal properties in many areas of the world. The species was found in the anthropic environments of Sicily. In\u0000particular, the study area is localized in the Peloritani Mounts (NE Sicily) where the species was discovered in five stands. Our new discovery confirmed the role of anthropic activities have had in the alien species invasion in Italy. Diagnostic features, ecological and geographic data are provided. From a phytosociological viewpoint, this plant characterizes a plant community that includes various nitrophilous\u0000species such as Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop., Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. and Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. Moreover, invasiveness and impacts associated to this species were assessed by using EPPO prioritization protocol. The specimens were deposited in the herbaria of\u0000Catania and Messina University.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41698065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-19DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2022-012
Ahmed Elkordy, A. Osman, Mohamed O. Badry
In Egypt, the seed and pollen grain morphology of the genus Tephrosia Pers. were studied using light and scanning electron microscopy. Qualitative and quantitative characters of seeds and pollen grains are presented. The data suggest that several seed and pollen morphological characters can distinguish the taxa of Tephrosia. Based on UPGMA clustering analysis and PCA, three main clades were recognized: Clade A comprising T. kassasii, clade B comprising T. apollinea, T. purpurea, T. quartiniana, and T. uniflora, and clade C comprising T. nubica. The seed and pollen morphological data obtained in this study provide additional characters helping in classifying the genus. Dichotomous artificial keys based on seed and pollen data of the investigated taxa are presented.
{"title":"Seed, pollen morphology and numerical analysis of Tephrosia Pers. (Fabaceae) and their taxonomic significance","authors":"Ahmed Elkordy, A. Osman, Mohamed O. Badry","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2022-012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-012","url":null,"abstract":"In Egypt, the seed and pollen grain morphology of the genus Tephrosia Pers. were studied using light and scanning electron microscopy. Qualitative and quantitative characters of seeds and pollen grains are presented. The data suggest that several seed and pollen morphological characters can distinguish the taxa of Tephrosia. Based on UPGMA clustering analysis and PCA, three main clades were recognized: Clade A comprising T. kassasii, clade B comprising T. apollinea, T. purpurea, T.\u0000quartiniana, and T. uniflora, and clade C comprising T. nubica. The seed and pollen morphological data obtained in this study provide additional characters helping in classifying the genus. Dichotomous artificial keys based on seed and pollen data of the investigated taxa are presented.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42214649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-11DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2022-016
Maja Šimunović, Antonija Kulaš, P. Žutinić, G. Goreta, M. Gligora Udovič
According to the Water Framework Directive (WFD), biological quality elements constitute the basis for assessing ecological status of surface waters. Biological communities are good indicators of water quality because they reflect environmental conditions over time and do not require frequent sampling. The main aims were to assess trophic and ecological status of the Lake Visovac (Krka River hydrosystem, South Croatia) using phytoplankton together with supportive physico-chemical parameters, eutrophication status and impact indicators. We also tested the viability of Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and Hungarian Lake Phytoplankton Index (HLPI) as proposed metrics in the standard regulatory monitoring procedure. The phytoplankton samples, Chl-a and physical- chemical parameters were taken on a monthly basis from April to September in 2016 and 2019. In 2016, the most dominant species was Pantocsekiella ocellata (Pantocsek) K.T.Kiss & Ács, while in 2019 it was accompanied by Ceratium hirundinella (O.F.Müller) Dujardin. According to Chl-a, Lake Visovac was within the limits of oligo- to mesotrophic status. Based on the HLPI index, the Lake ecological status was assessed as Good. Chl-a showed a statistically significant positive correlation with temperature, while HLPI was positively correlated with oxygen and Secchi depth. We propose the use of Chl-a for rapid bioassessment on a weekly basis, whilst more complex HLPI index should be applied monthly. Further improving the confidence level of the metrics used to assess the ecological status and a comprehensive revision of boundaries for included indicators is of fundamental importance.
{"title":"Phytoplankton metrics for trophic and ecological status assessment of a natural karstic lake","authors":"Maja Šimunović, Antonija Kulaš, P. Žutinić, G. Goreta, M. Gligora Udovič","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2022-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-016","url":null,"abstract":"According to the Water Framework Directive (WFD), biological quality elements constitute the basis for assessing ecological status of surface\u0000waters. Biological communities are good indicators of water quality because they reflect environmental conditions over time and do not require frequent sampling. The main aims were to assess trophic and ecological status of the Lake Visovac (Krka River hydrosystem, South Croatia) using phytoplankton together with supportive physico-chemical parameters, eutrophication status and impact indicators. We also tested the viability of Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and Hungarian Lake Phytoplankton Index (HLPI) as proposed metrics in the standard regulatory monitoring procedure. The phytoplankton samples, Chl-a and physical- chemical parameters were taken on a monthly basis from April to September in 2016\u0000and 2019. In 2016, the most dominant species was Pantocsekiella ocellata (Pantocsek) K.T.Kiss & Ács, while in 2019 it was accompanied by Ceratium hirundinella (O.F.Müller) Dujardin. According to\u0000Chl-a, Lake Visovac was within the limits of oligo- to mesotrophic status. Based on the HLPI index, the Lake ecological status was assessed\u0000as Good. Chl-a showed a statistically significant positive correlation with temperature, while HLPI was positively correlated with oxygen and Secchi depth. We propose the use of Chl-a for rapid bioassessment on a weekly basis, whilst more complex HLPI index should be applied monthly. Further improving the confidence level of the metrics used to assess the\u0000ecological status and a comprehensive revision of boundaries for included indicators is of fundamental importance.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42928386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-11DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2022-017
Mehmet Cengiz Karaismailoğlu, B. Inal, Osman Erol
The classification of Thlaspi s.l. is still problematic. Earlier phylogenetic research of the genus has focused on several small groups within Thlaspi s.str. and lacks detailed morphological observations. The relationships among Eurasian taxa and the value of fruit morphology in defining them have yet to be studied. The aim of this study was to analyze 22 taxa belonging to the Nomisma, Thlaspi and Pterotropis sections of Thlaspi s.l. from Turkey using maximum likelihood (ML) analysis of Internal Transcript Spacer (ITS) sequences. We also analyzed their fruit morphological features. According to the results, the examined taxa fell into 2 main clades. Moreover, clade II showed 3 sub-clusters. Thlaspi huetii and T. aghricum were the most distant taxa with a distance of 0.49%; however, T. ochroleucum and T. violascens were found to be 99% similar. According to ITS region data based on multiple populations of each taxon, T. arvense, T. huetii, T. perfoliatum, T. violascens, T. cataonicum, T. elegans, T. rosulare and T. aghricum were placed together in one cluster, which indicates that they are monophyletic. Thlaspi elegans was found to be a polyploid complex based on bootstrap (BS) (a resampling technique that uses replacement sampling to estimate statistics in a population) values, which varied widely among the studied T. elegans taxa (98, 65 and 49%). Fruit morphology also supported the inter-specific relationships based on molecular data, and relationships found by ITS region data were compatible with fruit type and geographic distribution. A diagnostic key based on fruit morphology is provided for the identification of the examined Thlaspi taxa.
{"title":"A systematic study of the Thlaspi s.l. taxa in sections Nomisma, Thlaspi and Pterotropis from Turkey based on fruit morphological and molecular data","authors":"Mehmet Cengiz Karaismailoğlu, B. Inal, Osman Erol","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2022-017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-017","url":null,"abstract":"The classification of Thlaspi s.l. is still problematic. Earlier phylogenetic research of the genus has focused on several small groups within Thlaspi s.str. and lacks detailed morphological observations. The\u0000relationships among Eurasian taxa and the value of fruit morphology in defining them have yet to be studied. The aim of this study was to analyze 22 taxa belonging to the Nomisma, Thlaspi and Pterotropis sections of Thlaspi s.l. from Turkey using maximum likelihood (ML) analysis of Internal Transcript Spacer (ITS) sequences. We also analyzed\u0000their fruit morphological features. According to the results, the examined taxa fell into 2 main clades. Moreover, clade II showed 3 sub-clusters. Thlaspi huetii and T. aghricum were the most distant taxa with a distance of 0.49%; however, T. ochroleucum and T. violascens were\u0000found to be 99% similar. According to ITS region data based on multiple\u0000populations of each taxon, T. arvense, T. huetii, T. perfoliatum, T. violascens, T. cataonicum, T. elegans, T. rosulare and T. aghricum were placed together in one cluster, which indicates that they are monophyletic. Thlaspi elegans was found to be a polyploid complex based on bootstrap (BS) (a resampling technique that uses replacement sampling\u0000to estimate statistics in a population) values, which varied widely among the studied T. elegans taxa (98, 65 and 49%). Fruit morphology also supported the inter-specific relationships based on molecular data,\u0000and relationships found by ITS region data were compatible with fruit type and geographic distribution. A diagnostic key based on fruit morphology is provided for the identification of the examined Thlaspi taxa.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41465155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Five species of genus Asparagus are recognized in the flora of Algeria: A. acutifolius L., A. albus L., A. horridus L., A. officinalis L., and the endemic A. altissimus Munby. The chorology of each of these species is fairly well known. In this study, morphological variation and the anatomical features of the cladodes have been evaluated in respect to each taxonomic unit and ecogeographical distribution and suggest distinct adaptive strategies. Analysis have been performed on twenty-nine natural populations sampled along the east-west bioclimatic gradient of the Northern Algeria. Multivariate analysis based on the main diagnostic descriptors, underlines the interspecific differentiation particularly with respect to the stigma type bifid versus trifid, shape of flowers, color of berry, and the number of cladodes in a fascicle. For each species the anatomy of the cladodes is unique, unlike that of stems and roots. Interspecific differentiation was observed in the form of cross-sections of the cladode, thickness of the cuticle, shape of epidermal cells, number of vascular bundles and presence of raphides. Morphological and anatomical traits of the cladode constitute important interspecific criteria within the genus Asparagus.
{"title":"Morpho-anatomical diversity of five species of genus Asparagus (Asparagaceae) from Algeria","authors":"Boubetra Kenza, Amirouche Nabila, Amirouche Rachid","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2022-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-014","url":null,"abstract":"Five species of genus Asparagus are recognized in the flora of Algeria: A. acutifolius L., A. albus L., A. horridus L., A. officinalis L., and the endemic A. altissimus Munby. The chorology of each of these species is fairly well known. In this study, morphological variation and the anatomical features of the cladodes have been evaluated in respect to each taxonomic unit and ecogeographical distribution and suggest distinct adaptive strategies. Analysis have been performed on twenty-nine natural populations sampled along the east-west bioclimatic gradient of the Northern Algeria. Multivariate analysis based on the main diagnostic descriptors, underlines the interspecific differentiation particularly with respect to the stigma type bifid versus trifid, shape of flowers, color of berry, and the number of cladodes in a fascicle. For each species the anatomy of the cladodes is unique, unlike that of stems and roots. Interspecific differentiation was observed in the form of cross-sections of the cladode, thickness of the cuticle, shape of epidermal cells, number of vascular bundles and presence of raphides. Morphological and anatomical traits of the cladode\u0000constitute important interspecific criteria within the genus Asparagus.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41542428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-11DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2022-015
Jucilene Silva Araújo, José Thyago Aires Souza, Evaldo dos Santos Félix, Rita de Cássia Alves, Tarcísio José de Oliveira Filho, Elder Cunha de Lira
This study aimed to evaluate the gas exchanges in genotypes of Nopalea cochenillifera Salm-Dyck in different seasons and times of the day. The experiment was conducted with the varieties Miúda and Baiana at the Experimental Station Prof. Ignacio Salcedo, belonging to the National Semi-Arid Institute (INSA), in the municipality of Campina Grande, State of Paraíba, Brazil. The treatments were distributed in a 24 × 2 factorial arrangement, corresponding to gas exchange evaluations performed every hour for 24 hours in the rainy season (June) and in the drought season (December). Analyzed were stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, CO2 uptake, and internal CO2 concentration, besides instantaneous water-use efficiency, intrinsic water-use efficiency, and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency. In both drought and rainy seasons, variety Baiana presented higher gas exchange intensity than the variety Miúda. In the rainy season, gas exchanges are potentialized in both varieties evaluated. In this period, the peak of CO2 uptake occurs from 1:00 a.m. to 3:00 a.m. for the verity Baiana, and from11:00 p.m. to 2:00 a.m. for the variety Miúda, whereas, in the drought season, it occurs from 11:00 p.m. to 2:00 a.m. for both varieties, with these constituting the ideal intervals for measuring gas exchanges in the field.
{"title":"Gas exchange in genotypes of Nopalea cochenillifera in different seasons and evaluations times","authors":"Jucilene Silva Araújo, José Thyago Aires Souza, Evaldo dos Santos Félix, Rita de Cássia Alves, Tarcísio José de Oliveira Filho, Elder Cunha de Lira","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2022-015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-015","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the gas exchanges in genotypes of Nopalea cochenillifera Salm-Dyck in different seasons and times of the day. The experiment was conducted with the varieties Miúda and Baiana at the Experimental Station Prof. Ignacio Salcedo, belonging to the National Semi-Arid Institute (INSA), in the municipality of Campina Grande, State\u0000of Paraíba, Brazil. The treatments were distributed in a 24 × 2 factorial arrangement, corresponding to gas exchange evaluations performed every hour for 24 hours in the rainy season (June) and in the drought season (December). Analyzed were stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, CO2 uptake, and internal CO2 concentration, besides instantaneous water-use efficiency, intrinsic water-use efficiency, and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency. In both drought and rainy seasons, variety Baiana presented higher gas exchange intensity than the\u0000variety Miúda. In the rainy season, gas exchanges are potentialized in both varieties evaluated. In this period, the peak of CO2 uptake occurs from 1:00 a.m. to 3:00 a.m. for the verity Baiana, and from11:00 p.m. to\u00002:00 a.m. for the variety Miúda, whereas, in the drought season, it occurs from 11:00 p.m. to 2:00 a.m. for both varieties, with these constituting the ideal intervals for measuring gas exchanges in the field.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43707733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-08DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2022-011
Sandra Vitko, N. Bauer, D. Leljak-Levanić, Ž. Vidaković-Cifrek
In Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., a major part of MATH-BTB protein family (BPM proteins) participate in the ubiquitin‐proteasome pathway as substrate-specific adaptors of Cullin 3 dependent E3 ligase. Through targeting of specific proteins for degradation, BPMs are involved in various developmental processes, as well as in the plant’s ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions. The aim of this research was to investigate the oxidative stress response of Arabidopsis with modified BPMs expression to moderate heat stress. Seedlings of wild type, line overexpressing BPM1 gene (oeBPM1), and line with down-regulation of BPM1, 4, 5, and 6 genes (amiR bpm) were exposed to 37 °C for six hours. Seedlings were sampled immediately after stress and after a recovery period of 24 h. Control seedlings were grown at 24 °C and were collected at the same time points as treated ones. The level of lipid peroxidation, H2O2 and proline content, as well as the activity of antioxidant enzymes (G POD, APX, CAT, and SOD) were evaluated. Control amiR bpm and oeBPM1 seedlings generally had lower H2O2 and proline content, respectively, than wild type. After exposure to 37 °C, oeBPM1 and amiR-bpm lines showed reduced proline content, while no change in lipid peroxidation level and H2O2 content was observed. Further, seedlings with modified BPMs expression showed differences in the activity of G POD, APX, and SOD, while no change was observed in the activity of CAT. The results obtained suggest involvement of BPM proteins in the response of Arabidopsis to moderate heat stress.
{"title":"Effect of moderate heat stress on Arabidopsis thaliana with modified BPMs expression","authors":"Sandra Vitko, N. Bauer, D. Leljak-Levanić, Ž. Vidaković-Cifrek","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2022-011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-011","url":null,"abstract":"In Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., a major part of MATH-BTB protein family (BPM proteins) participate in the ubiquitin‐proteasome pathway as\u0000substrate-specific adaptors of Cullin 3 dependent E3 ligase. Through targeting of specific proteins for degradation, BPMs are involved in various developmental processes, as well as in the plant’s ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions. The aim of this research was\u0000to investigate the oxidative stress response of Arabidopsis with modified BPMs expression to moderate heat stress. Seedlings of wild type, line overexpressing BPM1 gene (oeBPM1), and line with down-regulation of BPM1, 4, 5, and 6 genes (amiR bpm) were exposed to 37\u0000°C for six hours. Seedlings were sampled immediately after stress and after a recovery period of 24 h. Control seedlings were grown at 24 °C and were collected at the same time points as treated ones. The level of\u0000lipid peroxidation, H2O2 and proline content, as well as the activity of antioxidant enzymes (G POD, APX, CAT, and SOD) were evaluated. Control amiR bpm and oeBPM1 seedlings generally had lower H2O2 and proline content, respectively, than wild type. After exposure to 37 °C, oeBPM1 and amiR-bpm lines showed reduced proline content, while no change in lipid peroxidation level and H2O2 content was observed. Further, seedlings with modified BPMs expression showed differences in the activity of G POD, APX, and SOD, while no change was observed in the\u0000activity of CAT. The results obtained suggest involvement of BPM proteins in the response of Arabidopsis to moderate heat stress.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48831239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Conservation of orchids can be possible with effective seed germination and seedling growth methods. In this context, ex vitro symbiotic seed germination and seedling growth of orchid seeds may be convenient and advantageous. In this study, both the diversity of the root endophytic fungi in Serapias vomeracea (Burm.f.) Briq. and the ex vitro effects of these fungi on seed germination, seedling development and tuber formation were revealed. The fungi were isolated monthly for two years from S. vomeracea roots and the isolates were identified based on morphological characters and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences. All of the Rhizoctonia-like isolates that joined the mycorrhizal association were closely related to Tulasnella calospora (thirty isolates). Non-Rhizoctonia isolates are closely related to Fusarium tricinctum (two isolates), Aspergillus spelaeus (one isolate) and Talaromyces pinophilus (Pezizales) (one isolate). The viability rate of the seeds was 90.32%. The seed packs were placed in soils containing fungus and the germination process was followed. All isolates associated with Tulasnella calospora promoted germination and seedling development. Isolate Svl 21 (Tulasnella sp.) was found to have the highest germination rate (98%) but isolate Svl 4 developed seedlings with advanced leaves (stage 4 (S4): seedlings with advanced leaves and/or rooted, 13.67%). All seedlings at S4 were transferred to the natural environment; the first tubers were observed seven months after. In this study, for the first time, a tuberous European orchid, S. vomeracea developed from seed to adult plant in a natural environment.
{"title":"Fungal diversity and ex vitro symbiotic germination\u0000of Serapias vomeracea (Orchidaceae)","authors":"Yasemin Özdener Kömpe, Vildan Akın Mutlu, İ. Özkoç, Sevim Demiray, Bozkurt Serhat","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2022-008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-008","url":null,"abstract":"Conservation of orchids can be possible with effective seed germination and seedling growth methods. In this context, ex vitro symbiotic seed germination and seedling growth of orchid seeds may be convenient and advantageous. In this study, both the diversity of the root endophytic fungi in Serapias vomeracea (Burm.f.) Briq. and the ex vitro effects of these fungi on seed germination, seedling development and tuber formation were revealed. The fungi were isolated monthly for two years from S. vomeracea roots and the isolates were identified based on morphological characters and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of\u0000nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences. All of the Rhizoctonia-like isolates that joined the mycorrhizal association were closely related to\u0000Tulasnella calospora (thirty isolates). Non-Rhizoctonia isolates are closely related to Fusarium tricinctum (two isolates), Aspergillus spelaeus (one isolate) and Talaromyces pinophilus (Pezizales) (one isolate). The viability rate of the seeds was 90.32%. The seed packs were placed in soils containing fungus and the germination process was followed. All isolates associated with Tulasnella calospora promoted germination and seedling development. Isolate Svl 21 (Tulasnella sp.) was found to have the highest germination rate (98%) but isolate Svl 4 developed seedlings with advanced leaves (stage 4 (S4): seedlings with advanced leaves and/or rooted, 13.67%). All seedlings at S4 were transferred to the natural environment; the first tubers were observed seven months after. In this study, for the first time, a tuberous European orchid, S. vomeracea developed from seed to adult plant in a natural environment.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44886893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2022-007
S. Martín‐Bravo, Carmen Benítez‐Benítez, M. Miguez, Marjol Meço, P. Jiménez‐Mejías
Relevant chorological notes of genus Carex L. (Cyperaceae) for the flora of the Balkans are provided, with an emphasis on Albania and adjacent countries (North Macedonia and Montenegro). Our findings include new national species records and/or confirmations for Albania, Montenegro and North Macedonia (C. agastachys, C. atrata, C. curvula, C. demissa, C. hispida, C. parviflora), as well as other interesting records of rare and/or endangered Carex species in Albania (C. castroviejoi, C. myosuroides). Eventually, we provide relevant comments in order to clarify the taxonomy, distribution and/or ecology of Carex sections Rhynchocystis (C. agastachys, C. pendula) and Aulocystis (C. ferruginea, C. kitaibeliana, C. lazarei) in the Balkans.
{"title":"Chorological notes of Carex L. (Cyperaceae) for the Flora of the Balkans, with emphasis\u0000in Albania","authors":"S. Martín‐Bravo, Carmen Benítez‐Benítez, M. Miguez, Marjol Meço, P. Jiménez‐Mejías","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2022-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-007","url":null,"abstract":"Relevant chorological notes of genus Carex L. (Cyperaceae) for the flora\u0000of the Balkans are provided, with an emphasis on Albania and adjacent countries (North Macedonia and Montenegro). Our findings include new national species records and/or confirmations for Albania, Montenegro and North Macedonia (C. agastachys, C. atrata, C. curvula, C. demissa, C. hispida, C. parviflora), as well as other interesting records of rare\u0000and/or endangered Carex species in Albania (C. castroviejoi, C. myosuroides). Eventually, we provide relevant comments in order to clarify the taxonomy, distribution and/or ecology of Carex sections Rhynchocystis (C. agastachys, C. pendula) and Aulocystis (C. ferruginea,\u0000C. kitaibeliana, C. lazarei) in the Balkans.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45202708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-03DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2022-006
E. Koç
Phytophthora capsici Leon. is the main pathogen that limits the production of peppers. In this study, the effects of 1 and 10 mM proline (Pro), prior to exposure of resistant (CM-334) and susceptible (SD-8) pepper seedlings to P. capsici, on some physiological parameters were investigated. A lower Pro concentration (1 mM) was found to be more effective than 10 mM Pro in increasing the stress tolerance of the CM-334 cultivar. Namely, in CM-334 cultivar, the highest chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, glucose and fructose content and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity percentage were detected on the seventh day after application of 1 mM Pro + P. capsici, while the lowest malondialdehyde (MDA) amount was measured on the third day in the same treatment. The highest ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) increase was determined on the seventh day in the 10 mM Pro + P. capsici application. The effects of the same Pro treatments on the SD-8 cultivar somewhat differed; the highest amounts of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, anthocyanins, fructose, total protein and endogenous Pro were detected on the seventh day in the 1 mM Pro + P. capsici application, while the lowest MDA amount was measured on the third day after the 10 mM Pro + P. capsici application, the highest DPPH % and FRAP values were detected on the seventh day with 10 mM Pro + P. capsici application. Although some differences were detected between the cultivars, Pro application against the P. capsici stress in general resulted in a positive effect on photosynthetic pigments, soluble carbohydrates and antioxidant capacity in pepper. The exogenous application of Pro helped the non-resistant cultivar to overcome the stress.
辣椒疫霉;是限制辣椒产量的主要病原体。研究了抗性辣椒(CM-334)和易感辣椒(SD-8)幼苗在暴露前分别添加1和10 mM脯氨酸(Pro)对辣椒某些生理参数的影响。较低浓度Pro (1 mM)比10 mM Pro更能提高CM-334品种的抗逆性。在CM-334品种中，叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素、葡萄糖和果糖含量以及1,1-二苯基-2-苦酰肼(DPPH)清除活性百分比在施用1 mM Pro +辣椒辣椒后第7天达到最高，丙二醛(MDA)清除活性百分比在施用1 mM Pro +辣椒辣椒后第3天达到最低。在施用10 mM Pro+辣椒的第7天，铁还原抗氧化能力(FRAP)提高最高。相同Pro处理对ssd -8品种的影响略有差异;叶绿素a、叶绿素b、花青素、果糖、总蛋白和内源Pro含量在1 mM Pro +辣椒粉处理后第7天最高，MDA含量在10 mM Pro +辣椒粉处理后第3天最低，DPPH %和FRAP值在10 mM Pro +辣椒粉处理后第7天最高。尽管不同品种间存在一定差异，但总体而言，施用Pro对辣椒的光合色素、可溶性碳水化合物和抗氧化能力均有积极影响。外源施用Pro有助于无抗性品种克服胁迫。
{"title":"Physiological responses of resistant and susceptible pepper plants to\u0000exogenous proline application under Phytophthora capsici stress","authors":"E. Koç","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2022-006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2022-006","url":null,"abstract":"Phytophthora capsici Leon. is the main pathogen that limits the production of peppers. In this study, the effects of 1 and 10 mM proline\u0000(Pro), prior to exposure of resistant (CM-334) and susceptible (SD-8) pepper seedlings to P. capsici, on some physiological parameters were investigated. A lower Pro concentration (1 mM) was found to be more effective than 10 mM Pro in increasing the stress tolerance of the CM-334 cultivar. Namely, in CM-334 cultivar, the highest chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, glucose and fructose content and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity percentage were\u0000detected on the seventh day after application of 1 mM Pro + P. capsici,\u0000while the lowest malondialdehyde (MDA) amount was measured on the third\u0000day in the same treatment. The highest ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) increase was determined on the seventh day in the 10 mM Pro\u0000+ P. capsici application. The effects of the same Pro treatments on the\u0000SD-8 cultivar somewhat differed; the highest amounts of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, anthocyanins, fructose, total protein and endogenous Pro were detected on the seventh day in the 1 mM Pro + P. capsici application, while the lowest MDA amount was measured on the third day after the 10 mM Pro + P. capsici application, the highest DPPH % and FRAP values were detected on the seventh day with 10 mM Pro + P. capsici\u0000application. Although some differences were detected between the cultivars, Pro application against the P. capsici stress in general resulted in a positive effect on photosynthetic pigments, soluble carbohydrates and antioxidant capacity in pepper. The exogenous application of Pro helped the non-resistant cultivar to overcome the stress.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43109678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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