Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola最新文献

英文中文

Estudio prospectivo de la localización en pacientes con hipoacusia unilateral y asimétrica tratados con implante coclear 对接受人工耳蜗治疗的单侧和非对称听力损失患者进行定位的前瞻性研究。

IF 0.9 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.otorri.2024.05.002

María Aragonés Redó , Ignacio Pla Gil , Tomàs Pérez-Carbonell , Clara Espina González , Antonio Morant Ventura , Jaime Marco Algarra

Background and Objective

Sound localization plays a crucial role in our daily lives, enabling us to recognize voices, respond to alarming situations, avoid dangers, and navigate towards specific signals. However, this ability is compromised in patients with Single-Sided Deafness (SSD) and Asymmetric Hearing Loss (AHL), negatively impacting their daily functioning. The main objective of the study was to quantify the degree of sound source localization in patients with single-sided deafness or asymmetric hearing loss using a Cochlear Implant (CI) and to compare between the two subgroups.

Materials and Methods

This was a prospective, longitudinal, observational, single-center study involving adult patients diagnosed with profound unilateral or asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss who underwent cochlear implantation. Sound localization was assessed in a chamber equipped with seven speakers evenly distributed from -90° to 90°. Stimuli were presented at 1,000 Hz and intensities of 65 dB, 70 dB, and 75 dB. Each stimulus was presented only once per speaker, totaling 21 presentations. The number of correct responses at different intensities was recorded, and angular error in degrees was calculated to determine the mean angular distance between the patient-indicated speaker and the speaker presenting the stimulus. Both assessments were conducted preoperatively without a cochlear implant and two years post-implantation.

Results

The total sample comprised 20 patients, with 9 assigned to the SSD group and 11 to the AHL group. The Preoperative Pure Tone Average (PTA) in free field was 31.7 dB in the SSD group and 41.8 dB in the AHL group. There was a statistically significant improvement in sound localization ability and angular error with the use of the cochlear implant at all intensities in both SSD and AHL subgroups.

Conclusions

Cochlear implantation in patients with SSD and AHL enhances sound localization, reducing mean angular error and increasing the number of correct sound localization responses.

背景和目的声音定位在我们的日常生活中起着至关重要的作用，使我们能够识别声音，对警报情况做出反应，避免危险，并朝着特定的信号导航。然而，这种能力在单侧耳聋（SSD）和不对称听力损失（AHL）患者中受到损害，对他们的日常功能产生负面影响。本研究的主要目的是量化使用人工耳蜗（CI）的单侧耳聋或不对称听力损失患者的声源定位程度，并比较两个亚组之间的差异。材料和方法本研究是一项前瞻性、纵向、观察性、单中心研究，涉及诊断为重度单侧或不对称感音神经性听力损失的成年患者，他们接受了人工耳蜗植入。在一个装有7个均匀分布在-90°至90°的扬声器的腔室中评估声音定位。刺激频率为1000hz，强度为65db、70db和75db。每个演讲者只展示一次刺激，总共21次。记录不同强度下正确反应的次数，并计算角度误差（以度为单位），以确定患者指示的说话者与呈现刺激的说话者之间的平均角距离。两项评估均在未植入人工耳蜗的术前和植入后两年进行。结果共20例患者，其中SSD组9例，AHL组11例。术前自由场纯音平均值（PTA） SSD组为31.7 dB， AHL组为41.8 dB。在SSD和AHL亚组中，使用人工耳蜗在所有强度下的声音定位能力和角度误差均有统计学意义的改善。结论SSD和AHL患者人工耳蜗植入术增强了声音定位，降低了平均角度误差，增加了正确的声音定位反应次数。

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引用次数: 0

Laryngeal chondrosarcoma, a 30-year series 喉软骨肉瘤，30年病例

IF 0.9 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.otorri.2024.07.001

Patrícia Fernandes Lopes , Joana Nascimento , Gustavo Rocha , Catarina Tinoco , Ana Hebe , Pedro Montalvão , Miguel Magalhães

Introduction and objectives

Laryngeal chondrosarcoma is a rare laryngeal pathology arising from cartilaginous structures and is predominantly found in the cricoid cartilage. This study investigates its presentation, treatment modalities and patient outcomes.

Patients or materials and methods

Retrospective study of laryngeal chondrosarcoma cases followed from 1992 to 2022 in the Otorhinolaryngology department of a cancer center - Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa. Statistical analysis was made with Microsoft Excel® and SPSS®.

Results

We identified 16 cases, of which two-thirds were male, with an average age of 59.6 years, and only 24% of them had a history of smoking. The commonest presentation was indolent dysphonia and/or dyspnea, and the posterior arch of the cricoid cartilage was the most affected place. Although histopathological studies after biopsy were often inconclusive, surgery emerged as the first-line of treatment for all patients. Larynx microsurgery with lesion debulking was the most frequent surgical approach (47%) followed by partial laryngectomy (24%). Neither adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) nor chemotherapy was administered in any of the cases. There was residual tumor in 23% of the cases so half of these patients were in watchful waiting while the other part underwent further microsurgery or total laryngectomy. Only one patient with recurrence received RT. Disease-specific survival rate at 1 and 5 years was 97% and 91%, respectively.

Conclusion

Laryngeal chondrosarcoma etiology is still unknown and is effectively treated with surgery, with a generally favorable prognosis. The main concern lies in its propensity to relapse, highlighting the importance of watchful follow-up.

喉软骨肉瘤是一种罕见的由软骨结构引起的喉病理，主要见于环状软骨。本研究探讨其表现、治疗方式和患者预后。患者、材料和方法对1992年至2022年在里斯本肿瘤研究所（Português de Oncologia de Lisboa）耳鼻喉科的喉软骨肉瘤病例进行回顾性研究。采用Microsoft Excel®和SPSS®进行统计分析。结果16例患者中男性占三分之二，平均年龄59.6岁，有吸烟史者仅占24%。最常见的表现是懒散的发音困难和/或呼吸困难，环状软骨后弓是最受影响的地方。虽然活检后的组织病理学研究往往不确定，手术成为所有患者的一线治疗方法。喉部显微手术和病变减积是最常见的手术方法（47%），其次是喉部分切除术（24%）。所有病例均未进行辅助放疗（RT）或化疗。23%的病例中有肿瘤残留，所以一半的患者在观察等待，而另一半则接受进一步的显微手术或全喉切除术。只有1例复发患者接受了rt治疗。1年和5年的疾病特异性生存率分别为97%和91%。结论喉软骨肉瘤病因不明，手术治疗有效，预后良好。主要的担忧在于其复发的倾向，强调了观察随访的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Hipoacusia neurosensorial como primera manifestación de una metalosis sistémica por cobalto secundaria a la corrosión de una prótesis de cadera metálica 由于金属髋关节假体腐蚀而引起的全身钴金属中毒的第一种表现形式是神经感觉失声

IF 0.9 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.otorri.2024.05.001

Belén Salvatierra-Vicario , Carmelo Morales-Angulo

引用次数: 0

Inmovilidad de hemilaringe en paciente con siringomielia 脊髓空洞症患者的小扁桃体不活动

IF 0.9 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.otorri.2024.07.002

Alejandro Klein-Rodríguez

引用次数: 0

Otosyphilis: Two case reports and review of the English and Spanish literature of the last 24 years 耳石症：两例病例报告及过去 24 年英语和西班牙语文献综述

IF 0.9 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.otorri.2024.06.003

Montserrat Asensi-Diaz , Carlos Martin Oviedo , Justo Ramon Gomez Martinez , Alejandro Garcia Palomino , Carlos Serra Smith , Victor Asensi

Syphilis has significantly increased its incidence in Europe and North America in the past 20 years. Although rare, sudden hearing loss might be a complication of syphilis infection. We present two cases of otosyphilis seen in our hospitals and review of the English and Spanish literature already published since 2000.

过去 20 年间，梅毒在欧洲和北美的发病率大幅上升。突然丧失听力可能是梅毒感染的并发症之一，尽管这种情况非常罕见。我们介绍了本医院接诊的两例梅毒耳炎病例，并回顾了自2000年以来发表的英文和西班牙文文献。

引用次数: 0

Resumen ejecutivo de la Guía de la Sociedad Española de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Terapéutica del Dolor (SEDAR), Sociedad Española de Medicina de Urgencias y Emergencias (SEMES) y Sociedad Española de Otorrinolaringología y Cirugía de Cabeza y Cuello (SEORL-CCC) para el manejo de la vía aérea difícil 西班牙麻醉、复苏和疼痛治疗学会 (SEDAR)、西班牙急诊医学学会 (SEMES) 和西班牙耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学会 (SEORL-CCC) 困难气道处理指南执行摘要。

IF 0.9 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.otorri.2024.03.004

Manuel Á. Gómez-Ríos , José Alfonso Sastre , Xavier Onrubia-Fuertes , Teresa López , Alfredo Abad-Gurumeta , Rubén Casans-Frances , David Gómez-Ríos , José Carlos Garzón , Vicente Martínez-Pons , Marta Casalderrey-Rivas , Miguel Ángel Fernández-Vaquero , Eugenio Martínez-Hurtado , Ricardo Martín-Larrauri , Laura Reviriego-Agudo , Uxía Gutierrez-Couto , Javier García-Fernández , Alfredo Serrano-Moraza , Luis Jesús Rodríguez Martín , Carmen Camacho Leis , Salvador Espinosa Ramírez , Pedro Charco-Mora

The Airway section of the Spanish Society of Anesthesiology, Reanimation and Pain Therapy (SEDAR), Spanish Society of Emergency and Emergency Medicine (SEMES) and Spanish Society of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (SEORL-CCC) present the Guidelines for the integral management of difficult airway in adult patients. This document provides recommendations based on current scientific evidence, theoretical-educational tools and implementation tools, mainly cognitive aids, applicable to the treatment of the airway in the field of anesthesiology, critical care, emergencies and prehospital medicine. Its principles are focused on the human factors, cognitive processes for decision-making in critical situations and optimization in the progression of the application of strategies to preserve adequate alveolar oxygenation in order to improve safety and quality of care.

西班牙麻醉、复苏和疼痛治疗学会 (SEDAR)、西班牙急诊和急救医学学会 (SEMES) 以及西班牙耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学会 (SEORL-CCC) 的气道分会发布了成人患者困难气道综合管理指南。该文件提供了基于当前科学证据、理论教育工具和实施工具（主要是认知辅助工具）的建议，适用于麻醉学、重症监护、急诊和院前医疗领域的气道治疗。其原则侧重于人的因素、危急情况下决策的认知过程以及优化策略的应用进展，以保持充分的肺泡氧合，从而提高安全性和护理质量。

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引用次数: 0

Situación actual de la tutoría en la formación especializada en otorrinolaringología en España. ¿Dónde estamos? ¿Hacia dónde queremos ir? 西班牙耳鼻喉科专业培训的指导现状：我们在哪里？我们想去哪里？

IF 0.9 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.otorri.2024.03.002

Pedro Díaz de Cerio Canduela , Francesc Xavier Avilés Jurado , Julia de Juan Beltrán , Carlos Magri Ruiz , Alfonso Santamaría Gadea , Fernando López

Background and objective

There is great heterogeneity in the methodology and evaluation in specialised health training (SHT) in otorhinolaryngology in our country. The figure of the resident tutor is the cornerstone on which the SHT system is based and the regulation and recognition of this figure varies. This article aims to take a snapshot of the current situation of the SHT in Spain and to describe the activity of tutors.

Materials and methods

During the month of September 2023, a survey was sent in a Google Forms® format through the Spanish Society of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery. The survey consisted of 8 multiple-choice questions and 4 questions in which they were asked to rank a series of 5 weaknesses, threats, opportunities and strengths selected by the authors, in order to perform a SWOT analysis.

Results

A total of 103 responses were obtained, of which 81 corresponded to accredited tutors. 63% of the tutors indicated that they did not have enough time to carry out their teaching work and 48% did not carry out a regular assessment of their residents. 64% of the tutors believe that the quality of otorhinolaryngology training in Spain is good and 61% are satisfied with their job as tutors. The main weakness was the short duration of the training programme, and the pressure of care was found to be the main threat. An experienced training system was considered the main strength and the creation of a national network of tutors was seen as an opportunity for improvement.

Conclusions

The creation of a common and transversal otorhinolaryngology training pathway for all accredited centres and the creation of a network of mentors and residents are necessary to address the problems of SHT. The role of the tutor must be recognised and reinforced to improve specialist training.

背景和目的在我国，耳鼻咽喉科专业卫生培训（SHT）的方法和评估存在很大差异。住院医师导师是耳鼻咽喉专科医师培训制度的基石，但对住院医师导师的管理和认可程度却不尽相同。本文旨在概述西班牙耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学会的现状，并描述导师的活动情况。材料与方法在 2023 年 9 月期间，通过西班牙耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学会以 Google Forms® 格式发送了一份调查问卷。调查包括 8 个选择题和 4 个问题，其中作者选择了 5 个弱点、威胁、机会和优势进行排序，以便进行 SWOT 分析。结果共收到 103 份回复，其中 81 份回复来自经认证的讲师。63% 的导师表示没有足够的时间开展教学工作，48% 的导师没有对住院医师进行定期评估。64%的导师认为西班牙的耳鼻喉科培训质量良好，61%的导师对自己的导师工作表示满意。主要不足之处是培训课程时间短，护理压力是主要威胁。经验丰富的培训系统被认为是主要优势，而建立全国导师网络则被认为是一个改进的机会。结论为所有获得认证的中心建立一个通用和横向的耳鼻喉科培训途径，以及建立导师和住院医师网络，对于解决 SHT 问题是必要的。导师的作用必须得到认可和加强，以改善专科培训。

{"title":"Situación actual de la tutoría en la formación especializada en otorrinolaringología en España. ¿Dónde estamos? ¿Hacia dónde queremos ir?","authors":"Pedro Díaz de Cerio Canduela , Francesc Xavier Avilés Jurado , Julia de Juan Beltrán , Carlos Magri Ruiz , Alfonso Santamaría Gadea , Fernando López","doi":"10.1016/j.otorri.2024.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.otorri.2024.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><div>There is great heterogeneity in the methodology and evaluation in specialised health training (SHT) in otorhinolaryngology in our country. The figure of the resident tutor is the cornerstone on which the SHT system is based and the regulation and recognition of this figure varies. This article aims to take a snapshot of the current situation of the SHT in Spain and to describe the activity of tutors.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>During the month of September 2023, a survey was sent in a Google Forms® format through the Spanish Society of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery. The survey consisted of 8 multiple-choice questions and 4 questions in which they were asked to rank a series of 5 weaknesses, threats, opportunities and strengths selected by the authors, in order to perform a SWOT analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 103 responses were obtained, of which 81 corresponded to accredited tutors. 63% of the tutors indicated that they did not have enough time to carry out their teaching work and 48% did not carry out a regular assessment of their residents. 64% of the tutors believe that the quality of otorhinolaryngology training in Spain is good and 61% are satisfied with their job as tutors. The main weakness was the short duration of the training programme, and the pressure of care was found to be the main threat. An experienced training system was considered the main strength and the creation of a national network of tutors was seen as an opportunity for improvement.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The creation of a common and transversal otorhinolaryngology training pathway for all accredited centres and the creation of a network of mentors and residents are necessary to address the problems of SHT. The role of the tutor must be recognised and reinforced to improve specialist training.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7019,"journal":{"name":"Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola","volume":"75 6","pages":"Pages 347-353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing the coverage and rotation of anterior ethmoidal artery flap for septal perforation closure: Insights from a flap design study 加强用于室间隔穿孔闭合术的乙状前动脉皮瓣的覆盖和旋转：皮瓣设计研究的启示

IF 0.9 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.otorri.2024.06.004

Octavio Garaycochea , Lina Piñeros , Camilo Rodríguez-Van Strahlen , María Jesús Rojas-Lechuga , Isam Alobid

Background and objectives

The anterior ethmoidal artery flap (AEA) is a pedicle endonasal flap frequently used to repair septal perforations (SP). The posterior incision is the most complex to perform. The primary objective was to determine the minimum height of the posterior incision (PI) of an AEA completely cover an anterior septal perforation.

Materials and methods

A cadaveric specimen was sectioned in the sagittal plane and a SP of 1 cm was created anteriorly. The PI of the AEA flap was made progressively at a height of 10, 20, 30, and 40 mm. The complete closure of the SP and the angle of rotation (AR) of the flap were assessed.

Results

According to the length of the PI the following results were obtained: PI = 10 mm: The SP was covered partially, and the AR was 45º. PI = 20 mm: The SP was fully covered, and the AR was 63º.

PI = 30 mm and 40 mm: The SP was fully covered with redundant tissue.

This study shows that an anterior ethmoidal artery flap that includes the nasal floor and the inferior meatus mucosa combined with a posterior incision of 20 mm could result in adequate coverage of all margins of an anterior SP up to area 1a of the septum.

背景和目的乙状前动脉皮瓣（AEA）是一种常用于修复鼻中隔穿孔（SP）的有蒂鼻内皮瓣。后部切口的操作最为复杂。研究的主要目的是确定完全覆盖鼻中隔前部穿孔的 AEA 后方切口（PI）的最小高度。在 10、20、30 和 40 毫米的高度上逐步制作 AEA 皮瓣的 PI。结果根据 PI 的长度得出以下结果：PI=10毫米：SP被部分覆盖，AR为45º。PI = 20 毫米：PI = 30 毫米和 40 毫米：这项研究表明，乙状动脉前皮瓣包括鼻底和下肉眼黏膜，结合 20 毫米的后切口，可以充分覆盖前 SP 的所有边缘，直至鼻中隔的 1a 区域。

{"title":"Enhancing the coverage and rotation of anterior ethmoidal artery flap for septal perforation closure: Insights from a flap design study","authors":"Octavio Garaycochea , Lina Piñeros , Camilo Rodríguez-Van Strahlen , María Jesús Rojas-Lechuga , Isam Alobid","doi":"10.1016/j.otorri.2024.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.otorri.2024.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><div>The anterior ethmoidal artery flap (AEA) is a pedicle endonasal flap frequently used to repair septal perforations (SP). The posterior incision is the most complex to perform. The primary objective was to determine the minimum height of the posterior incision (PI) of an AEA completely cover an anterior septal perforation.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A cadaveric specimen was sectioned in the sagittal plane and a SP of 1 cm was created anteriorly. The PI of the AEA flap was made progressively at a height of 10, 20, 30, and 40 mm. The complete closure of the SP and the angle of rotation (AR) of the flap were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>According to the length of the PI the following results were obtained: PI = 10 mm: The SP was covered partially, and the AR was 45º. PI = 20 mm: The SP was fully covered, and the AR was 63º.</div><div>PI = 30 mm and 40 mm: The SP was fully covered with redundant tissue.</div><div>This study shows that an anterior ethmoidal artery flap that includes the nasal floor and the inferior meatus mucosa combined with a posterior incision of 20 mm could result in adequate coverage of all margins of an anterior SP up to area 1a of the septum.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7019,"journal":{"name":"Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola","volume":"75 6","pages":"Pages 367-372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Retrolabyrinthine approach to the lateral skull base: The value of preoperative temporal bone CT analysis 外侧颅底的迷路入路：术前颞骨 CT 分析的价值

IF 0.9 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.otorri.2024.03.001

Fabrizio Salvinelli , Francesca Bonifacio , Carlo A. Mallio , Andrea Pescosolido , Giulia Chiappino , Fabio Greco , Maurizio Iacoangeli

Purpose

The most used neurosurgical approach to reach cerebellar-pontine angle is the retrosigmoid route. This article describes the presigmoid approach which requires excellent knowledge of the labyrinthine block together with quantitative analysis of temporal bone CT.

Methods

CT-based quantitative measurements were obtained in patients undergoing vestibular neurectomy with a presigmoid approach. Eighteen patients were enrolled, and five measures were taken: Trautmann’s area, the petro-clival angle, presigmoid dura length and its angle. The relationship between these measurements and hospitalization days, operating times, and complications was explored.

Results

The posterior semicircilar canal (PSC)-sigmoid sinus (SS) distance, presigmoid dura- internal auditory canal (IAC)-PSC angle, and duration of surgery are predictors of complications. Specifically, a PSC-sigmoid sinus distance <11 mm, a dura presig-IAC-PSC angle <14 are associated with the highest risk of complications.

Conclusion

Preoperative temporal bone CT scan can guide the surgeon through the narrowest areas of the surgical approach. Trautmann’s triangle area and petro-clival angle reduction are challenging and can be faced with combined microscopic-endoscopic technique, and with optics angulation-rotation. The retrolabyrinthine approach can enable hearing preservation and minimal cerebellar retraction.

目的达到小脑-桥脑角的最常用神经外科方法是后穹隆途径。本文介绍了蝶骨前入路，该方法需要对迷宫阻滞有充分的了解，同时需要对颞骨 CT 进行定量分析。方法对采用蝶骨前入路进行前庭神经切除术的患者进行基于 CT 的定量测量。共招募了 18 名患者，进行了五项测量：Trautmann面积、瓣-瓣角、蝶骨前硬脑膜长度及其角度。结果后半环管（PSC）-乙状窦（SS）距离、乙状硬膜前硬膜-内耳道（IAC）-PSC角度和手术时间是并发症的预测因素。具体来说，PSC-乙状窦距离<11 mm、硬脑膜前-内耳道（IAC）-PSC角度<14与并发症的最高风险相关。Trautmann三角区和瓣隙角缩小具有挑战性，可通过显微镜-内窥镜联合技术和光学角度旋转来解决。迷宫后入路可以保留听力，并将小脑回缩减至最小。

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引用次数: 0

Harpoon-marking of deep tongue foreign body for surgical removal 用鱼叉标记舌深部异物，以便手术取出

IF 0.9 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.otorri.2024.06.002

Sara Costa , Liliana Igreja , Telma Feliciano

引用次数: 0

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