Pub Date : 2025-03-24DOI: 10.1007/s00604-025-07034-y
Seyed Ali Akbar Sajadi, Zeynab Khorablou
An ultrasensitive and reliable electrochemical scaffold was designed for the individual and simultaneous measurement of morphine (Mor) and tramadol (Trm) addictive and illegal drugs, utilizing a cost-effective and flexible carbon felt electrode modified with double-layer poly-taurine/poly-L-glutamic acid (P(Tau)/P(Glu)/CF). It is worth noting that drugs have now become a part of daily life in all societies, and the consumption of tranquilizers and opiates such as Mor and Trm has also increased. Given the frequent co-use of Mor and Trm, accurate and reliable methods for their simultaneous measurement are crucial. Simultaneous diagnostics make the determination more efficient and cost-effective by reducing the need for multiple sensors. Surface modification of CFE was carried out by a green approach, facile and straightforward route by layer-by-layer electropolymerization, forming a thin polymeric film with abundant functional groups responsible for anchoring narcotic drugs. The P(Tau)/P(Glu)/CFE composite showed an exceptionally high rate of active site exposure and proper electrochemical activity, attributed to the synergistic effects of the constituent materials. P(Tau)/P(Glu)/CFE was successfully used to detect saliva, urine, plasma, and body sweat samples with satisfactory recoveries.
Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Poly-taurine/poly-L-glutamic acid double-layer coating as potential candidates for surface modification of carbon felt electrode for discrimination and simultaneous detection of morphine and tramadol","authors":"Seyed Ali Akbar Sajadi, Zeynab Khorablou","doi":"10.1007/s00604-025-07034-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-025-07034-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An ultrasensitive and reliable electrochemical scaffold was designed for the individual and simultaneous measurement of morphine (Mor) and tramadol (Trm) addictive and illegal drugs, utilizing a cost-effective and flexible carbon felt electrode modified with double-layer poly-taurine/poly-L-glutamic acid (P(Tau)/P(Glu)/CF). It is worth noting that drugs have now become a part of daily life in all societies, and the consumption of tranquilizers and opiates such as Mor and Trm has also increased. Given the frequent co-use of Mor and Trm, accurate and reliable methods for their simultaneous measurement are crucial. Simultaneous diagnostics make the determination more efficient and cost-effective by reducing the need for multiple sensors. Surface modification of CFE was carried out by a green approach, facile and straightforward route by layer-by-layer electropolymerization, forming a thin polymeric film with abundant functional groups responsible for anchoring narcotic drugs. The P(Tau)/P(Glu)/CFE composite showed an exceptionally high rate of active site exposure and proper electrochemical activity, attributed to the synergistic effects of the constituent materials. P(Tau)/P(Glu)/CFE was successfully used to detect saliva, urine, plasma, and body sweat samples with satisfactory recoveries.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) poses a serious threat that influences patient survival and life quality. Its early and accurate diagnosis is paramount in clinics, where procalcitonin (PCT) is recognized as a key serological biomarker. Herein, well-dispersed PtPdCo nanoalloy was efficiently anchored on hollow porous N-doped carbon fibers (termed PtPdCo HPCNFs) through a sequential process involving electrospinning, pyrolysis, etching, and co-reduction. The morphology, structure, and physicochemical properties of PtPdCo HPCNFs were characterized by a set of techniques. Subsequently, the synthesized PtPdCo HPCNF nanocomposite was applied to build a label-free electrochemical amperometric immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of PCT. Its performance was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Notably, the biosensor demonstrated a wide dynamic linear range (0.0001–1000 ng mL−1) and a low detection limit (0.20 pg mL−1). Furthermore, the sensor achieved the bioassay of PCT in clinical samples, yielding acceptable results. This work offers a promising approach for synthesizing superior nanomaterials for bioanalytical applications, highlighting their potential in development of sensing devices, especially for early and sensitive diagnosis of SIRS through PCT detection.
{"title":"Trimetallic PtPdCo nanoalloy on hollow porous N-doped carbon fibers: A high-performance electrochemical immunosensor for procalcitonin detection in SIRS diagnosis","authors":"Yan-Yu Shi, Yu-Lin Zhong, Ai-Jun Wang, Li-Ping Mei, Pei Song, Tiejun Zhao, Jiu-Ju Feng","doi":"10.1007/s00604-025-07089-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-025-07089-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) poses a serious threat that influences patient survival and life quality. Its early and accurate diagnosis is paramount in clinics, where procalcitonin (PCT) is recognized as a key serological biomarker. Herein, well-dispersed PtPdCo nanoalloy was efficiently anchored on hollow porous N-doped carbon fibers (termed PtPdCo HPCNFs) through a sequential process involving electrospinning, pyrolysis, etching, and co-reduction. The morphology, structure, and physicochemical properties of PtPdCo HPCNFs were characterized by a set of techniques. Subsequently, the synthesized PtPdCo HPCNF nanocomposite was applied to build a label-free electrochemical amperometric immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of PCT. Its performance was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Notably, the biosensor demonstrated a wide dynamic linear range (0.0001–1000 ng mL<sup>−1</sup>) and a low detection limit (0.20 pg mL<sup>−1</sup>). Furthermore, the sensor achieved the bioassay of PCT in clinical samples, yielding acceptable results. This work offers a promising approach for synthesizing superior nanomaterials for bioanalytical applications, highlighting their potential in development of sensing devices, especially for early and sensitive diagnosis of SIRS through PCT detection.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cariprazine (CAR) is an atypical antipsychotic drug used for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. This study presents the development of a novel, highly sensitive electrochemical sensor based on a Ti3C2@CoAl2O2 nanocomposite–modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the detection of CAR in pharmaceutical and biological samples. The innovative Ti3C2@CoAl2O2 composite, synthesized and characterized through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis, revealed exceptional structural integrity, morphology, composition, and thermal stability. The electrochemical properties of the modified electrode were evaluated using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, demonstrating enhanced conductivity, an increased electroactive surface area, and reduced charge transfer resistance compared to the bare GCE. Differential pulse voltammetry was employed for CAR detection under optimized conditions, yielding a linear range of 0.2–5.6 μM with a regression equation Ipa (μA) = 0.133 CCAR (μM) + 0.09 (R2 = 0.993). The limit of detection and limit of quantification were determined as 0.02 µM and 0.07 µM, respectively, highlighting the sensor’s high sensitivity. The modified electrode exhibited excellent repeatability with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of = 2.9% and reproducibility (RSD = 2.8%), along with strong selectivity against common interfering substances. The sensor was successfully applied to human blood serum, urine, and CAR tablets, achieving high recovery values (98.52–103.94%), confirming its reliability for real-sample analysis. These findings underline the novelty and potential of the Ti3C2@CoAl2O2-modified GCE as a powerful tool for the accurate, selective, and sensitive determination of CAR in clinical and pharmaceutical applications.
Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Highly sensitive electrochemical determination of cariprazine using a novel Ti3C2@CoAl2O4 nanocomposite: application to pharmaceutical and biological sample analysis","authors":"Elif Naz Öven, Asena Ayse Genc, Nevin Erk, Wiem Bouali, Qamar Salamat, Mustafa Soylak","doi":"10.1007/s00604-025-07104-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-025-07104-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cariprazine (CAR) is an atypical antipsychotic drug used for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. This study presents the development of a novel, highly sensitive electrochemical sensor based on a Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>@CoAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> nanocomposite–modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the detection of CAR in pharmaceutical and biological samples. The innovative Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>@CoAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> composite, synthesized and characterized through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis, revealed exceptional structural integrity, morphology, composition, and thermal stability. The electrochemical properties of the modified electrode were evaluated using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, demonstrating enhanced conductivity, an increased electroactive surface area, and reduced charge transfer resistance compared to the bare GCE. Differential pulse voltammetry was employed for CAR detection under optimized conditions, yielding a linear range of 0.2–5.6 μM with a regression equation <i>I</i><sub>pa</sub> (μA) = 0.133 <i>C</i><sub>CAR</sub> (μM) + 0.09 (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.993). The limit of detection and limit of quantification were determined as 0.02 µM and 0.07 µM, respectively, highlighting the sensor’s high sensitivity. The modified electrode exhibited excellent repeatability with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of = 2.9% and reproducibility (RSD = 2.8%), along with strong selectivity against common interfering substances. The sensor was successfully applied to human blood serum, urine, and CAR tablets, achieving high recovery values (98.52–103.94%), confirming its reliability for real-sample analysis. These findings underline the novelty and potential of the Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>@CoAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-modified GCE as a powerful tool for the accurate, selective, and sensitive determination of CAR in clinical and pharmaceutical applications.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00604-025-07104-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Lateral Flow Immunoassay (SERS-LFIA) inherits the advantages of simplicity, rapidness, and stability from Lateral Flow Immunoassay (LFIA), while integrating the sensitivity and accuracy of SERS, thereby attracting extensive attention in the field of food safety monitoring. This paper delves into the design strategies and principles underlying SERS-LFIA, introducing the detection formats based on SERS and contrasting the differences between traditional Raman molecules and those located in the Raman-silent region. It analyzes two immunoassay methods, namely sandwich and competitive, along with their respective applications. Importantly, by reviewing the applications of SERS-LFIA in food safety monitoring over the past 5 years, this paper summarizes the challenges faced by SERS-LFIA technology in practical applications and development. Furthermore, it provides a forward-looking perspective on the future development of SERS-LFIA. As a pivotal analytical method in the field of food safety monitoring, SERS-LFIA is demonstrating immense potential. It is hoped that this paper will offer valuable insights for the future development and application of SERS-LFIA.
Graphical Abstract
{"title":"The development and application of SERS-based lateral flow immunochromatography in the field of food safety","authors":"Wenxi Liu, Hao Wang, Wenhui Zhong, Yichun Zhang, Yingyue Liu, Xibao Gao, Mengmeng Yan, Chao Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s00604-025-07047-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-025-07047-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Lateral Flow Immunoassay (SERS-LFIA) inherits the advantages of simplicity, rapidness, and stability from Lateral Flow Immunoassay (LFIA), while integrating the sensitivity and accuracy of SERS, thereby attracting extensive attention in the field of food safety monitoring. This paper delves into the design strategies and principles underlying SERS-LFIA, introducing the detection formats based on SERS and contrasting the differences between traditional Raman molecules and those located in the Raman-silent region. It analyzes two immunoassay methods, namely sandwich and competitive, along with their respective applications. Importantly, by reviewing the applications of SERS-LFIA in food safety monitoring over the past 5 years, this paper summarizes the challenges faced by SERS-LFIA technology in practical applications and development. Furthermore, it provides a forward-looking perspective on the future development of SERS-LFIA. As a pivotal analytical method in the field of food safety monitoring, SERS-LFIA is demonstrating immense potential. It is hoped that this paper will offer valuable insights for the future development and application of SERS-LFIA.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00604-025-07047-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-20DOI: 10.1007/s00604-025-07099-9
Saisai Zhang, Yi Zheng, Bo Zhang, Bowen Zhang, Na Luo, Yan Wang
Aimed at realizing the rapid and effective detection of carbon monoxide (CO) in high humidity environments, the NiO-modified In2O3 nanocube with different NiO loadings (1, 3, 5 mol%) was synthesized via a two-step method. Morphological characterizations revealed that the NiO modification did not alter the cubic morphology of In2O3, and the nanocube showed a porous structure with pore sizes of around 10 nm. The XPS analysis evidenced that the 3 mol% NiO/In2O3 sample owns more Ov contents (40.62%) than that of the pure In2O3 sample (31.73%). The gas sensing measurements demonstrated that the 3 mol% NiO/In2O3 sensor exhibited a decreased optimal operating temperature of 260℃ (300℃ for In2O3) and good stability. Compared with pristine In2O3, the 3 mol% NiO/In2O3 nanocube showed an enhanced response of 4.16 (2.73 for In2O3) to 500 ppm CO and a rapid response/recovery time (10 s/13 s) toward CO. Furthermore, the 3 mol% NiO/In2O3 sensor exhibited superior humidity resistance, enabling accurate CO detection even at 85% relative humidity. The enhanced gas sensing performance of the NiO/In2O3 nanocube is attributed to the unique porous cubic structure and the formation of p-n heterojunctions. This work demonstrates a viable strategy to improve the CO sensing capabilities of In2O3 by constructing NiO/In2O3 heterostructures.
Graphical abstract
为了实现在高湿度环境中快速有效地检测一氧化碳（CO），通过两步法合成了不同NiO负载量（1、3、5 mol%）的NiO修饰In2O3纳米立方体。形态学表征显示，NiO修饰并没有改变In2O3的立方形态，纳米立方体呈现出多孔结构，孔径约为10 nm。XPS 分析表明，3 mol% NiO/In2O3 样品的 Ov 含量（40.62%）高于纯 In2O3 样品的 Ov 含量（31.73%）。气体传感测量结果表明，3 mol% NiO/In2O3 传感器的最佳工作温度较低，为 260℃（In2O3 为 300℃），并且具有良好的稳定性。与纯 In2O3 相比，3 mol% NiO/In2O3 纳米立方体对 500 ppm CO 的响应增强了 4.16（In2O3 为 2.73），对 CO 的响应/恢复时间（10 秒/13 秒）更快。此外，3 mol% NiO/In2O3 传感器还具有优异的耐湿性，即使在相对湿度为 85% 的情况下也能准确检测到一氧化碳。NiO/In2O3 纳米立方体气体传感性能的增强归功于其独特的多孔立方体结构和 p-n 异质结的形成。这项工作展示了一种可行的策略，即通过构建 NiO/In2O3 异质结构来提高 In2O3 的 CO 传感能力。
{"title":"Construction of heterojunctions of In2O3 nanocube with NiO for rapid detection of carbon monoxide","authors":"Saisai Zhang, Yi Zheng, Bo Zhang, Bowen Zhang, Na Luo, Yan Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00604-025-07099-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-025-07099-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aimed at realizing the rapid and effective detection of carbon monoxide (CO) in high humidity environments, the NiO-modified In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanocube with different NiO loadings (1, 3, 5 mol%) was synthesized via a two-step method. Morphological characterizations revealed that the NiO modification did not alter the cubic morphology of In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and the nanocube showed a porous structure with pore sizes of around 10 nm. The XPS analysis evidenced that the 3 mol% NiO/In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sample owns more Ov contents (40.62%) than that of the pure In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sample (31.73%). The gas sensing measurements demonstrated that the 3 mol% NiO/In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sensor exhibited a decreased optimal operating temperature of 260℃ (300℃ for In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) and good stability. Compared with pristine In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, the 3 mol% NiO/In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanocube showed an enhanced response of 4.16 (2.73 for In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) to 500 ppm CO and a rapid response/recovery time (10 s/13 s) toward CO. Furthermore, the 3 mol% NiO/In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sensor exhibited superior humidity resistance, enabling accurate CO detection even at 85% relative humidity. The enhanced gas sensing performance of the NiO/In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanocube is attributed to the unique porous cubic structure and the formation of p-n heterojunctions. This work demonstrates a viable strategy to improve the CO sensing capabilities of In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> by constructing NiO/In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> heterostructures.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A paper sensor, a gold nanoparticles-based lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (GNPs-LFIA), was successfully established for the rapid quantitative detection of dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DBA) in drilling fluids (DFs). Computational analysis was employed to rationally design a novel hapten to effectively expose the active site of DBA, resulting in the successful development of a monoclonal antibody with high sensitivity and specificity. The half-maximum inhibitory concentration was 5.814 ng/mL. Then, the GNPs-LFIA was established following the optimization of the extraction agent and method. The limit of detection for DF samples was 0.273 mg/kg. Recovery experiments showed a high level of consistency with the results obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection, which indicated that the established GNPs-LFIA offered exceptional accuracy and reliability. Consequently, this method is well-suited for the rapid screening and determination of DBA in oilfield chemicals and presents a technical solution to identify polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
Graphical abstract
{"title":"Quantitative immunosensor for dibenz[a,h]anthracene on-site detection in oilfield chemicals based on computer-aided antibody","authors":"Jiaxun Li, Haifeng Chen, Yong Shu, Luming Jiang, Wei Gao, Hua Kuang, Chuanlai Xu, Lingling Guo","doi":"10.1007/s00604-025-07035-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-025-07035-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p> A paper sensor, a gold nanoparticles-based lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (GNPs-LFIA), was successfully established for the rapid quantitative detection of dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DBA) in drilling fluids (DFs). Computational analysis was employed to rationally design a novel hapten to effectively expose the active site of DBA, resulting in the successful development of a monoclonal antibody with high sensitivity and specificity. The half-maximum inhibitory concentration was 5.814 ng/mL. Then, the GNPs-LFIA was established following the optimization of the extraction agent and method. The limit of detection for DF samples was 0.273 mg/kg. Recovery experiments showed a high level of consistency with the results obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection, which indicated that the established GNPs-LFIA offered exceptional accuracy and reliability. Consequently, this method is well-suited for the rapid screening and determination of DBA in oilfield chemicals and presents a technical solution to identify polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-19DOI: 10.1007/s00604-025-07021-3
Andrea Cabrero-Martín, Sara Santiago, Verónica Serafín, María Pedrero, Ana Montero-Calle, José M. Pingarrón, Rodrigo Barderas, Susana Campuzano
A multifunctional cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs)-based nanolabel is exploited to implement an electrochemical sandwich-type immunoplatform for the determination of T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1 (TIM-1) biomarker, a mucin-like class I membrane glycoprotein associated with cancer angiogenesis. The immunoplatform is constructed using screen-printed electrodes where capture antibody is immobilized through the chemistry of diazonium salts. CeO2NPs exhibit robust pseudo-peroxidase activity even at high substrate concentrations. They are covalently functionalized in a simple manner after carboxylation with a detector antibody (dAb), acting dually as a nanozyme and nanocarrier for sensing bioreceptors. This allows the development of immunoplatforms with improved robustness and performance (in terms of a moderate enhancement in sensitivity, a significant expansion in the linear range, and a reduction in the background current) compared with the immunoplatforms prepared using nanolabels also decorated with the natural enzyme (horseradish peroxidase, HRP) or the conventional enzymatic labeling involving the dAb and an HRP-secondary antibody. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the developed electrochemical immunoplatform allows the highly sensitive detection of the TIM-1 glycoprotein, with a detection limit of 9.9 pg mL−1 and a linear working range of 33–600 pg mL−1. This performance permits biomarker quantification within clinically relevant ranges. This innovative configuration enables the precise diagnosis and stratification of colorectal cancer patients by analyzing plasma samples without pretreatment beyond a sample dilution and allows establishment of the first cut-off values reported for this purpose.
Graphical abstract
利用一种基于多功能氧化铈纳米颗粒（CeO2NPs）的纳米标记物，实现了一种电化学夹心型免疫平台，用于检测 T 细胞免疫球蛋白和粘蛋白结构域 1（TIM-1）生物标记物，TIM-1 是一种与癌症血管生成相关的粘蛋白样 I 类膜糖蛋白。免疫平台采用丝网印刷电极构建，通过重氮盐的化学作用固定捕获抗体。CeO2NPs 即使在底物浓度很高的情况下也能表现出很强的伪过氧化物酶活性。它们在与检测抗体（dAb）进行羧化后，以简单的方式实现共价官能化，既是纳米酶，又是传感生物受体的纳米载体。与使用天然酶（辣根过氧化物酶，HRP）装饰的纳米标签或涉及 dAb 和 HRP 二级抗体的传统酶标记法制备的免疫平台相比，这种方法使免疫平台的稳健性和性能得到改善（灵敏度适度提高，线性范围显著扩大，背景电流降低）。在优化的实验条件下，所开发的电化学免疫平台能高灵敏地检测 TIM-1 糖蛋白，检测限为 9.9 pg mL-1，线性工作范围为 33-600 pg mL-1。这种性能允许在临床相关范围内对生物标记物进行定量。这种创新的配置无需对血浆样本进行稀释以外的预处理，就能对结直肠癌患者进行精确诊断和分层，并首次建立了用于此目的的临界值。
{"title":"Multifunctional cerium nanolabels in electrochemical immunosensing with improved robustness and performance: determination of TIM-1 in colorectal cancer scenarios as a case study","authors":"Andrea Cabrero-Martín, Sara Santiago, Verónica Serafín, María Pedrero, Ana Montero-Calle, José M. Pingarrón, Rodrigo Barderas, Susana Campuzano","doi":"10.1007/s00604-025-07021-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-025-07021-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A multifunctional cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO<sub>2</sub>NPs)-based nanolabel is exploited to implement an electrochemical sandwich-type immunoplatform for the determination of T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1 (TIM-1) biomarker, a mucin-like class I membrane glycoprotein associated with cancer angiogenesis. The immunoplatform is constructed using screen-printed electrodes where capture antibody is immobilized through the chemistry of diazonium salts. CeO<sub>2</sub>NPs exhibit robust pseudo-peroxidase activity even at high substrate concentrations. They are covalently functionalized in a simple manner after carboxylation with a detector antibody (dAb), acting dually as a nanozyme and nanocarrier for sensing bioreceptors. This allows the development of immunoplatforms with improved robustness and performance (in terms of a moderate enhancement in sensitivity, a significant expansion in the linear range, and a reduction in the background current) compared with the immunoplatforms prepared using nanolabels also decorated with the natural enzyme (horseradish peroxidase, HRP) or the conventional enzymatic labeling involving the dAb and an HRP-secondary antibody. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the developed electrochemical immunoplatform allows the highly sensitive detection of the TIM-1 glycoprotein, with a detection limit of 9.9 pg mL<sup>−1</sup> and a linear working range of 33–600 pg mL<sup>−1</sup>. This performance permits biomarker quantification within clinically relevant ranges. This innovative configuration enables the precise diagnosis and stratification of colorectal cancer patients by analyzing plasma samples without pretreatment beyond a sample dilution and allows establishment of the first cut-off values reported for this purpose.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-19DOI: 10.1007/s00604-025-07090-4
Kalyani A. Birari, Pravin O. Patil, Mohamad Taleuzzaman, Md Shamsher Alam, Shadma Wahab, Mohammad Khalid, Zamir G. Khan
In the fields of public health, veterinary medicine, and aquaculture, niclosamide (NIC), a common anthelmintic drug, is essential for deworming and treating a variety of illnesses, such as viral infections, metabolic disorders, and cancer. However, NIC can pose potential risks, such as DNA damage and adverse vasodilation effects in vivo. This study introduces an innovative fluorescent nanosensor for the detection of NIC in food samples. The sensor utilises sulphur and nitrogen co-doped carbon dots (S,N-CDs) derived from eco-friendly materials, Turbo bruneus and L-cysteine, encapsulated within a molecularly imprinted polymer (S,N-CDs@MIP). The sensor operates on a “Turn Off” mechanism, where NIC binding results in decreased fluorescence intensity, effectively detecting NIC in the 1–10 µM concentration range. Excellent sensitivity is indicated by the calibration curve, which displays a strong linear connection between NIC concentration and fluorescence intensity (Y = 0.0612x + 0.0689, R2 = 0.9996) and a detection limit of 48.1 nM. The sensor is selective, user-friendly, and cost-effective, with NIC recoveries in food samples ranging from 96.33 to 103.23% and low RSD values (0.81 to 4.89%). Moreover, we utilized the AGREEMIP software to assess the greenness of MIP synthesis processes. This tool evaluates 12 criteria encompassing energy requirements, synthesis specifics, and the environmental impact of reaction components, providing a comprehensive measure of the produced MIP's sustainability. Compared to non-imprinted polymers, the S,N-CDs@MIP sensor offers superior optical stability and specificity, making it a promising tool for practical NIC detection in real-world applications.
Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Design and optimization of a novel fluorescent molecularly imprinted polymer for selective niclosamide sensing in real samples: greenness assessment of MIP synthesis using AGREEMIP","authors":"Kalyani A. Birari, Pravin O. Patil, Mohamad Taleuzzaman, Md Shamsher Alam, Shadma Wahab, Mohammad Khalid, Zamir G. Khan","doi":"10.1007/s00604-025-07090-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-025-07090-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the fields of public health, veterinary medicine, and aquaculture, niclosamide (NIC), a common anthelmintic drug, is essential for deworming and treating a variety of illnesses, such as viral infections, metabolic disorders, and cancer. However, NIC can pose potential risks, such as DNA damage and adverse vasodilation effects in vivo. This study introduces an innovative fluorescent nanosensor for the detection of NIC in food samples. The sensor utilises sulphur and nitrogen co-doped carbon dots (S,N-CDs) derived from eco-friendly materials, Turbo bruneus and L-cysteine, encapsulated within a molecularly imprinted polymer (S,N-CDs@MIP). The sensor operates on a “Turn Off” mechanism, where NIC binding results in decreased fluorescence intensity, effectively detecting NIC in the 1–10 µM concentration range. Excellent sensitivity is indicated by the calibration curve, which displays a strong linear connection between NIC concentration and fluorescence intensity (<i>Y</i> = 0.0612x + 0.0689, <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.9996) and a detection limit of 48.1 nM. The sensor is selective, user-friendly, and cost-effective, with NIC recoveries in food samples ranging from 96.33 to 103.23% and low RSD values (0.81 to 4.89%). Moreover, we utilized the AGREEMIP software to assess the greenness of MIP synthesis processes. This tool evaluates 12 criteria encompassing energy requirements, synthesis specifics, and the environmental impact of reaction components, providing a comprehensive measure of the produced MIP's sustainability. Compared to non-imprinted polymers, the S,N-CDs@MIP sensor offers superior optical stability and specificity, making it a promising tool for practical NIC detection in real-world applications.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143645385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cancer cell metastasis is one of the major causes of patients death with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Previous findings demonstrated that protrusion-accumulated STAT3 mRNA is highly related to HCC cell metastasis, making protrusion-localized STAT3 mRNA an ideal biomarker for evaluating HCC cell initiation and progression. A self-powered lipidic nanoflare (SLNF) has been developed for detecting the expression level of protrusion-accumulated STAT3 mRNA in individual HCC cells, which enables accurate prediction of HCC metastasis. The LNF system is a cholesterol micelle decorated with two kinds of DNA probes, a double-stranded response DNA and a single-stranded fuel probe. The cholesterol micelle can be easily assembled from an amphipathic cholesterol-conjugated DNA via hydrophobicity-mediated aggregation, exhibiting a highly efficient cell internalization. Moreover, the compact and high-density arrangement of DNA probes on the surface of cholesterol micelle enhances their biostability. All the above features make the LNF system an ideal approach for intracellular RNA imaging. The assay commences with the binding of STAT3 mRNA to the response DNA, which peels off the waste DNA and exposes the toehold domain. This domain serves as the proximal holding point for the fuel probe to initiate a strand displacement amplification, which is a crucial step in enabling the detection of targets expressed at trace levels, yielding a limit of detection (LOD) of 100 pM at 37 °C within 1.5 h. The SLNF system is expected to provide useful insight into the development of simple and degradation-resistant DNA probes for visual prediction of HCC metastasis, showing potential applications in tumor diagnosis and treatment.
Graphic abstract
{"title":"Visualization of protrusion-localized STAT3 mRNA using a self-powered lipidic nanoflare for predicting hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis","authors":"Ya Zhang, Ruichao Zeng, Yuanhang Xia, Wei Han, Yifei Luan, Yuheng Zhang, Shijia Wu, Shouhao Wang, Jinyong Wang, Yongping Chen, Dazhi Chen","doi":"10.1007/s00604-025-06988-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-025-06988-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cancer cell metastasis is one of the major causes of patients death with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Previous findings demonstrated that protrusion-accumulated <i>STAT3</i> mRNA is highly related to HCC cell metastasis, making protrusion-localized <i>STAT3</i> mRNA an ideal biomarker for evaluating HCC cell initiation and progression. A self-powered lipidic nanoflare (SLNF) has been developed for detecting the expression level of protrusion-accumulated <i>STAT3</i> mRNA in individual HCC cells, which enables accurate prediction of HCC metastasis. The LNF system is a cholesterol micelle decorated with two kinds of DNA probes, a double-stranded response DNA and a single-stranded fuel probe. The cholesterol micelle can be easily assembled from an amphipathic cholesterol-conjugated DNA via hydrophobicity-mediated aggregation, exhibiting a highly efficient cell internalization. Moreover, the compact and high-density arrangement of DNA probes on the surface of cholesterol micelle enhances their biostability. All the above features make the LNF system an ideal approach for intracellular RNA imaging. The assay commences with the binding of <i>STAT3</i> mRNA to the response DNA, which peels off the waste DNA and exposes the toehold domain. This domain serves as the proximal holding point for the fuel probe to initiate a strand displacement amplification, which is a crucial step in enabling the detection of targets expressed at trace levels, yielding a limit of detection (LOD) of 100 pM at 37 °C within 1.5 h. The SLNF system is expected to provide useful insight into the development of simple and degradation-resistant DNA probes for visual prediction of HCC metastasis, showing potential applications in tumor diagnosis and treatment.</p><h3>Graphic abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00604-025-06988-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143645538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-18DOI: 10.1007/s00604-025-07098-w
Rui Fan, Shihua Luo, Yangfen He, Yunju Xiao, Yuxin Liang, Lifeng Zhang, Wenbin Li, Ye Zhang, Ling Li
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a widely prevalent Gram-positive bacteria that can cause serious infections and diseases in humans and other organisms. Timely detection and treatment in clinical settings is crucial for patient safety and public health. However, current methods for S. aureus detection still face some limitations, such as time-consuming operation, false positives, and labor-intensive available methodology with low sensitivity. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a rapid, simple, sensitive, and cost-effective method for detecting S. aureus. We developed a SERS platform based on allosteric aptamer-triggered catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) and photoactivated CRISPR/Cas12a reactions, combined with a multifunctional core–shell structure as the SERS reporter, enabling highly sensitive one-pot determination of S. aureus. Compared with traditional two-step and one-pot analysis methods, this strategy offers superior sensitivity and can successfully identify real samples contaminated with S. aureus. The platform utilizes light-controlled CHA and CRISPR/Cas12a reactions, effectively preventing interference between different reaction systems. Therefore, the photoactivated one-pot CHA/Cas12a strategy provides a simple, rapid, highly sensitive, specific, and cost-effective method for one-pot determination of S. aureus in clinical samples.
Graphical abstract
{"title":"Simple and sensitive SERS platform for Staphylococcus aureus one-pot determination by photoactivated CRISPR/Cas12a cascade system and core–shell DNA tetrahedron@AuNP@Fe3O4 reporter","authors":"Rui Fan, Shihua Luo, Yangfen He, Yunju Xiao, Yuxin Liang, Lifeng Zhang, Wenbin Li, Ye Zhang, Ling Li","doi":"10.1007/s00604-025-07098-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-025-07098-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) is a widely prevalent Gram-positive bacteria that can cause serious infections and diseases in humans and other organisms. Timely detection and treatment in clinical settings is crucial for patient safety and public health. However, current methods for <i>S. aureus</i> detection still face some limitations, such as time-consuming operation, false positives, and labor-intensive available methodology with low sensitivity. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a rapid, simple, sensitive, and cost-effective method for detecting <i>S. aureus</i>. We developed a SERS platform based on allosteric aptamer-triggered catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) and photoactivated CRISPR/Cas12a reactions, combined with a multifunctional core–shell structure as the SERS reporter, enabling highly sensitive one-pot determination of <i>S. aureus</i>. Compared with traditional two-step and one-pot analysis methods, this strategy offers superior sensitivity and can successfully identify real samples contaminated with <i>S. aureus</i>. The platform utilizes light-controlled CHA and CRISPR/Cas12a reactions, effectively preventing interference between different reaction systems. Therefore, the photoactivated one-pot CHA/Cas12a strategy provides a simple, rapid, highly sensitive, specific, and cost-effective method for one-pot determination of <i>S. aureus</i> in clinical samples.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143645540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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