Pub Date : 2025-03-26DOI: 10.1007/s00604-025-07097-x
Fei Shen, Xiangzhi Meng, Wenxi Zhang, Jing Sun, Juan Hou
A facile one-pot hydrothermal method was established to simultaneously prepare blue and yellow emissive carbon dots (BCDs and YCDs) in an immiscible system. This method eliminated the need for complex purification steps. The resulting BCDs and YCDs exhibited uniform sizes and excellent fluorescence properties. A ratiometric fluorescent probe based on B/YCDs was designed for the rapid and selective detection of Hg2+ with a detection limit of 15 nM. The probe was capable of reliable detection in real water samples with recoveries of 92.42 ~ 110.02%. To further enhance practicality, we incorporated fluorescent papers and hydrogels for visual Hg2+ detection, making it ideal for on-site applications. Additionally, a smartphone-based sensing platform, integrating RGB value analysis, was also developed for accurate Hg2+ detection. This work represents a significant advancement in the field by providing a user-friendly and cost-effective approach for sensitive on-site detection of hazardous mercury pollution.
{"title":"Ratiometric fluorescent detection of Hg2+ using dual-emissive carbon dots in an immiscible system","authors":"Fei Shen, Xiangzhi Meng, Wenxi Zhang, Jing Sun, Juan Hou","doi":"10.1007/s00604-025-07097-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-025-07097-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p> A facile one-pot hydrothermal method was established to simultaneously prepare blue and yellow emissive carbon dots (BCDs and YCDs) in an immiscible system. This method eliminated the need for complex purification steps. The resulting BCDs and YCDs exhibited uniform sizes and excellent fluorescence properties. A ratiometric fluorescent probe based on B/YCDs was designed for the rapid and selective detection of Hg<sup>2+</sup> with a detection limit of 15 nM. The probe was capable of reliable detection in real water samples with recoveries of 92.42 ~ 110.02%. To further enhance practicality, we incorporated fluorescent papers and hydrogels for visual Hg<sup>2+</sup> detection, making it ideal for on-site applications. Additionally, a smartphone-based sensing platform, integrating RGB value analysis, was also developed for accurate Hg<sup>2+</sup> detection. This work represents a significant advancement in the field by providing a user-friendly and cost-effective approach for sensitive on-site detection of hazardous mercury pollution.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-26DOI: 10.1007/s00604-025-07103-2
Geneva Indongo, Merin K. Abraham, Greeshma Rajeevan, Arathy B. Kala, Dheyaa Mohammed Dhahir, Sony George
This study introduces a fluorescence based sensing platform made to detect glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a critical biomarker associated with glioblastoma and other astrocytic malignancies. Leveraging the unique optical properties of copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) functionalized with GFAP antibodies (GFAP Ab), the platform incorporates graphene oxide (GO) as a fluorescence quencher to create a highly sensitive turn on sensor responsive to GFAP antigens. The detection mechanism relies on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), wherein the binding of GFAP antigens disrupts the GFAP Ab@CuNCs-GO interaction, effectively restoring fluorescence. The CuNCs stabilized with l-cysteine to enhance biocompatibility and stability, exhibited strong green fluorescence with a quantum yield of 1.0%. Graphene oxide efficiently quenched the fluorescence of GFAP Ab@CuNCs therefore enhancing the platform’s sensitivity. The sensor displayed a linear fluorescence response across a GFAP concentration range 0–46 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 32 pg/mL, demonstrating its capability to detect GFAP at clinically relevant levels. Validation of the sensor in biological fluids, including saliva, serum and urine, confirmed its applicability for minimally invasive diagnostics. Situated at the intersection of biosensing and clinical relevance, this study aims to address the need for cost effective and accessible diagnostic and screening tools for glioblastoma.
Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Fluorescence ‘turn-on’ sensing of glial fibrillary acidic protein using graphene oxide-quenched copper nanoclusters","authors":"Geneva Indongo, Merin K. Abraham, Greeshma Rajeevan, Arathy B. Kala, Dheyaa Mohammed Dhahir, Sony George","doi":"10.1007/s00604-025-07103-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-025-07103-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study introduces a fluorescence based sensing platform made to detect glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a critical biomarker associated with glioblastoma and other astrocytic malignancies. Leveraging the unique optical properties of copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) functionalized with GFAP antibodies (GFAP Ab), the platform incorporates graphene oxide (GO) as a fluorescence quencher to create a highly sensitive turn on sensor responsive to GFAP antigens. The detection mechanism relies on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), wherein the binding of GFAP antigens disrupts the GFAP Ab@CuNCs-GO interaction, effectively restoring fluorescence. The CuNCs stabilized with l-cysteine to enhance biocompatibility and stability, exhibited strong green fluorescence with a quantum yield of 1.0%. Graphene oxide efficiently quenched the fluorescence of GFAP Ab@CuNCs therefore enhancing the platform’s sensitivity. The sensor displayed a linear fluorescence response across a GFAP concentration range 0–46 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 32 pg/mL, demonstrating its capability to detect GFAP at clinically relevant levels. Validation of the sensor in biological fluids, including saliva, serum and urine, confirmed its applicability for minimally invasive diagnostics. Situated at the intersection of biosensing and clinical relevance, this study aims to address the need for cost effective and accessible diagnostic and screening tools for glioblastoma.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-25DOI: 10.1007/s00604-025-07108-x
Jing Li, Qingtao Song, Yuliang Chen, Haoran Li, Ming Gui, Wenjuan Liu
An active drug delivery vector of Mg-based micromotor is proposed for enhanced intestinal drug mass spectrometry (MS) detection from proof of concept. Taking diabetes as a disease model, insulin nanoparticles (Ins-NPs) were successfully loaded in chitosan (CHI) layer of Mg-based micromotor (Mg/Au/PLGA/CHI@Ins-NPs) due to electrostatic adsorption with PLGA. The penetration ability of micromotors was evaluated on artificial mucin, which is distributed within about 300 μm of the mucus. In addition, in vitro drug delivery and retention was carried out on the isolated small intestine of mice; then, the insulin molecule was determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). By overcoming the mucus barrier and enhancing retention in intestine through active transport of micromotor, insulin ions at m/z 963.9443, 1156.3287, and 1445.1592 were detected by UPLC-MS and classified as [Insulin + 6H]6+, [Insulin + 5H]5+, and [Insulin + 4H]4+. Notably, the mass-to-charge ratio of insulin ions was detected only in micromotor drug delivery systems compared to drug-loaded inert particles in the isolated small intestine, attributed to the intensive penetration and retention capability of micromotors. Meanwhile, this Mg-based micromotor exhibited good biocompatibility and was easy to be removed for the UPLC-MS detection sample preparation. Overall, we provide a potential strategy to detect the low content of drugs with UPLC-MS technique by combining with active micromotor and further broadening the sensing application for untethered micromotor.
Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Determination of insulin with ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry enhanced by Mg-based micromotors","authors":"Jing Li, Qingtao Song, Yuliang Chen, Haoran Li, Ming Gui, Wenjuan Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00604-025-07108-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-025-07108-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An active drug delivery vector of Mg-based micromotor is proposed for enhanced intestinal drug mass spectrometry (MS) detection from proof of concept. Taking diabetes as a disease model, insulin nanoparticles (Ins-NPs) were successfully loaded in chitosan (CHI) layer of Mg-based micromotor (Mg/Au/PLGA/CHI@Ins-NPs) due to electrostatic adsorption with PLGA. The penetration ability of micromotors was evaluated on artificial mucin, which is distributed within about 300 μm of the mucus. In addition, in vitro drug delivery and retention was carried out on the isolated small intestine of mice; then, the insulin molecule was determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). By overcoming the mucus barrier and enhancing retention in intestine through active transport of micromotor, insulin ions at <i>m/z</i> 963.9443, 1156.3287, and 1445.1592 were detected by UPLC-MS and classified as [Insulin + 6H]<sup>6+</sup>, [Insulin + 5H]<sup>5+</sup>, and [Insulin + 4H]<sup>4+</sup>. Notably, the mass-to-charge ratio of insulin ions was detected only in micromotor drug delivery systems compared to drug-loaded inert particles in the isolated small intestine, attributed to the intensive penetration and retention capability of micromotors. Meanwhile, this Mg-based micromotor exhibited good biocompatibility and was easy to be removed for the UPLC-MS detection sample preparation. Overall, we provide a potential strategy to detect the low content of drugs with UPLC-MS technique by combining with active micromotor and further broadening the sensing application for untethered micromotor.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-25DOI: 10.1007/s00604-025-07117-w
Yang Li, Feng Long, Shitong Han, Yi Wang, Anna Zhu
Timely and accurate detection of the virus is of great significance to prevent the virus’s harm and control the epidemic. Here, an aptasensor based on the principle of promoting hybridization through aptamer conformational change was designed to quantitatively detect the spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2. When the S protein binds to the 3' end of the aptamer, the 5' end of the aptamer tansforms into a straight hybridization region, which will greatly facilitate the hybridization with complementary DNA (cDNA). In the absence of S protein, hybridization is less likely to occur due to the complex G-quadruplex structure of aptamer. According to this principle, cDNA is modified onto magnetic beads (MBs) or onto the optical fiber probe of an evanescent wave fluorescence aptasensor (EWFA) detection platform to capture the fluorescently labeled aptamer-S protein conjugate, two kinds of quantitative detection methods for SARS-CoV-2 S protein were established. In particular, simple, rapid and sensitive detection could be obtained based on the EWFA detection platform, in which the whole detection procedure including the measurement and regeneration takes only 14 min, the LOD is 5.34 ng/mL, the linear response range is 141.49 to 9507.36 ng/mL, and the optical fiber probe could be reused for 19 times. The EWFA detection platform is also potentially applicable to detect other protein biomarkers only by replacing the specifically modified optical fiber probes.
{"title":"Rapid and accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein by aptamer conformation change based on a reusable aptasensor","authors":"Yang Li, Feng Long, Shitong Han, Yi Wang, Anna Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s00604-025-07117-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-025-07117-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Timely and accurate detection of the virus is of great significance to prevent the virus’s harm and control the epidemic. Here, an aptasensor based on the principle of promoting hybridization through aptamer conformational change was designed to quantitatively detect the spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2. When the S protein binds to the 3' end of the aptamer, the 5' end of the aptamer tansforms into a straight hybridization region, which will greatly facilitate the hybridization with complementary DNA (cDNA). In the absence of S protein, hybridization is less likely to occur due to the complex G-quadruplex structure of aptamer. According to this principle, cDNA is modified onto magnetic beads (MBs) or onto the optical fiber probe of an evanescent wave fluorescence aptasensor (EWFA) detection platform to capture the fluorescently labeled aptamer-S protein conjugate, two kinds of quantitative detection methods for SARS-CoV-2 S protein were established. In particular, simple, rapid and sensitive detection could be obtained based on the EWFA detection platform, in which the whole detection procedure including the measurement and regeneration takes only 14 min, the LOD is 5.34 ng/mL, the linear response range is 141.49 to 9507.36 ng/mL, and the optical fiber probe could be reused for 19 times. The EWFA detection platform is also potentially applicable to detect other protein biomarkers only by replacing the specifically modified optical fiber probes.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A highly efficient colorimetric sensor was developed for detecting glutathione using polyvinylpyrrolidone-stabilized ultra-small Fe3O4 nanoparticles integrated with graphene oxide (GO-Fe3O4). These nanoparticles are highly water-dispersible and uniformly distributed, enabling extensive interaction with the analyte and enhancing detection sensitivity. The integration of Fe3O4 nanoparticles on the graphene oxide surface prevents aggregation and exposes more active sites, thereby enhancing their catalytic activity significantly. The GO-Fe3O4 nanocomposites exhibit a dramatically enhanced Fenton reaction, showing a fourfold increase in catalytic effect compared to bare Fe3O4 nanoparticles. This is attributed to the synergistic peroxidase-like activity within the 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB)-hydrogen peroxide colorimetric system. Moreover, the GO-Fe3O4 nanozyme has an excellent binding affinity to TMB, which is up to tenfold higher than that of horseradish peroxidase. The TMB is catalyzed by the GO-Fe3O4 nanozyme to produce a blue oxidized form, and the presence of glutathione selectively inhibits this color change. This inhibition forms the basis for the quantitative determination of glutathione. Under optimal conditions, the colorimetric sensor demonstrated a linear response to glutathione concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 10 μmol/L, with a detection limit as low as 9.17 nmol/L (S/N = 3). The developed method showcased excellent selectivity, reproducibility, and accuracy. It was effectively used to determine glutathione in rat serum samples and monitor its pharmacokinetics in vivo.
Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Polyvinylpyrrolidone-stabilized ultra-small Fe3O4 nanoparticles-functionalized graphene oxide with synergistically enhanced peroxidase-like activity for glutathione colorimetric determination in rat serum","authors":"Lin Mei, Bingjie Wei, Chunyan Liu, Mengting Zhao, Tian Cui, Xiangyang Wei","doi":"10.1007/s00604-025-07044-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-025-07044-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A highly efficient colorimetric sensor was developed for detecting glutathione using polyvinylpyrrolidone-stabilized ultra-small Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles integrated with graphene oxide (GO-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>). These nanoparticles are highly water-dispersible and uniformly distributed, enabling extensive interaction with the analyte and enhancing detection sensitivity. The integration of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles on the graphene oxide surface prevents aggregation and exposes more active sites, thereby enhancing their catalytic activity significantly. The GO-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanocomposites exhibit a dramatically enhanced Fenton reaction, showing a fourfold increase in catalytic effect compared to bare Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles. This is attributed to the synergistic peroxidase-like activity within the 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB)-hydrogen peroxide colorimetric system. Moreover, the GO-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanozyme has an excellent binding affinity to TMB, which is up to tenfold higher than that of horseradish peroxidase. The TMB is catalyzed by the GO-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanozyme to produce a blue oxidized form, and the presence of glutathione selectively inhibits this color change. This inhibition forms the basis for the quantitative determination of glutathione. Under optimal conditions, the colorimetric sensor demonstrated a linear response to glutathione concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 10 μmol/L, with a detection limit as low as 9.17 nmol/L (<i>S/N</i> = 3). The developed method showcased excellent selectivity, reproducibility, and accuracy. It was effectively used to determine glutathione in rat serum samples and monitor its pharmacokinetics in vivo.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-25DOI: 10.1007/s00604-025-07111-2
Xiaolong Qu, Zongwu Meng, Tao Zhang, Heng Dai, Pian Wu, Ping Ding
The simple, rapid, and simultaneous detection of multiple foodborne pathogens in food is crucial for ensuring public safety. In this study, a rational design strategy for lanthanide-based metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs), informed by theoretical calculations, was proposed. The calculated results were experimentally verified to screen out the optimal Ln-MOF for fluorescence efficiency. The selected Ln-MOFs were coupled with phages that exhibit specific pathogen recognition to develop phage@Ln-MOF fluorescent probes, while the magnetic nanoparticles were conjugated with phages to form capture probes. On this basis, a fluorescent biosensor was developed for the simultaneous detection of three major foodborne pathogens-Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Salmonella. This sensor facilitated the detection of all three pathogens within 15 min, with limit of detection (LOD) as low as 1 CFU/mL. Moreover, this fluorescent biosensor was compatible with on-site visual detection, utilizing a self-designed portable dark box and smartphone-assisted visualization, achieving an LOD of approximately 1-2 CFU/mL for E. coli, S. aureus, and Salmonella. This work demonstrates a novel approach for the rapid on-site detection of multiple foodborne pathogens, which holds promise for advancing field-ready diagnostic tools in food safety monitoring.
Graphical abstract
{"title":"Phage@lanthanide metal–organic framework-based fluorescent biosensor for smartphone-assisted simultaneous detection of multiple foodborne pathogens","authors":"Xiaolong Qu, Zongwu Meng, Tao Zhang, Heng Dai, Pian Wu, Ping Ding","doi":"10.1007/s00604-025-07111-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-025-07111-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The simple, rapid, and simultaneous detection of multiple foodborne pathogens in food is crucial for ensuring public safety. In this study, a rational design strategy for lanthanide-based metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs), informed by theoretical calculations, was proposed. The calculated results were experimentally verified to screen out the optimal Ln-MOF for fluorescence efficiency. The selected Ln-MOFs were coupled with phages that exhibit specific pathogen recognition to develop phage@Ln-MOF fluorescent probes, while the magnetic nanoparticles were conjugated with phages to form capture probes. On this basis, a fluorescent biosensor was developed for the simultaneous detection of three major foodborne pathogens-<i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>), <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>), and <i>Salmonella</i>. This sensor facilitated the detection of all three pathogens within 15 min, with limit of detection (LOD) as low as 1 CFU/mL. Moreover, this fluorescent biosensor was compatible with on-site visual detection, utilizing a self-designed portable dark box and smartphone-assisted visualization, achieving an LOD of approximately 1-2 CFU/mL for <i>E. coli</i>, <i>S. aureus</i>, and <i>Salmonella</i>. This work demonstrates a novel approach for the rapid on-site detection of multiple foodborne pathogens, which holds promise for advancing field-ready diagnostic tools in food safety monitoring.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-25DOI: 10.1007/s00604-025-07100-5
C. Dhanush, M. Ismayati, M. G. Sethuraman
This research delves into utilizing dual-doped (N & S) carbon dots (DDCDs) sourced from Dahlia pinnata flower extract for targeted bio-imaging, aiming to differentiate between normal and cancerous cells. The synthesized DDCDs, incorporating nitrogen and sulfur, exhibited unique optical, structural, and morphological properties with an average size of about 3.25 nm. These DDCDs demonstrate strong fluorescence and display excitation-dependent emission behavior, as confirmed by the results of photoluminescence spectroscopy. Folic acid conjugation with DDCDs enhances their specificity towards cancer cells expressing the folate receptor. Through comprehensive characterization, the study demonstrates the successful synthesis and functionalization of these DDCDs. Even at a concentration of 200 µg/ml, these DDCDs demonstrated low cytotoxicity. In vitro experiments on both normal and cancer cell lines reveal distinct fluorescence responses, showcasing the potential of these bio-compatible DDCDs for precise bio-imaging in cancer diagnostics. This work opens avenues for utilizing natural sources in nanomaterial synthesis for biomedical applications, contributing to the advancement of targeted cellular imaging technologies.
{"title":"Targeted bio-imaging in discriminating normal and cancerous cells using dual-doped carbon dots derived from Dahlia pinnata flower extract","authors":"C. Dhanush, M. Ismayati, M. G. Sethuraman","doi":"10.1007/s00604-025-07100-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-025-07100-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research delves into utilizing dual-doped (N & S) carbon dots (DDCDs) sourced from <i>Dahlia pinnata</i> flower extract for targeted bio-imaging, aiming to differentiate between normal and cancerous cells. The synthesized DDCDs, incorporating nitrogen and sulfur, exhibited unique optical, structural, and morphological properties with an average size of about 3.25 nm. These DDCDs demonstrate strong fluorescence and display excitation-dependent emission behavior, as confirmed by the results of photoluminescence spectroscopy. Folic acid conjugation with DDCDs enhances their specificity towards cancer cells expressing the folate receptor. Through comprehensive characterization, the study demonstrates the successful synthesis and functionalization of these DDCDs. Even at a concentration of 200 µg/ml, these DDCDs demonstrated low cytotoxicity. In vitro experiments on both normal and cancer cell lines reveal distinct fluorescence responses, showcasing the potential of these bio-compatible DDCDs for precise bio-imaging in cancer diagnostics. This work opens avenues for utilizing natural sources in nanomaterial synthesis for biomedical applications, contributing to the advancement of targeted cellular imaging technologies.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The residue of malachite green (MG) in water has serious toxic effects on the human body, so it is very important to establish a highly sensitive and convenient method for MG detection. In this study, a novel double-emission lanthanide MOF fluorescence probe (Eu-Zn-MOF) was designed for monitoring MG in water by post-synthetic modification (PSM) to Zn-MOF synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method. Eu-Zn-MOF exhibits excellent photoluminescence properties, making it suitable as a ratiometric fluorescence sensor (I410/I615) for the sensitive detection of MG. MG effectively quenches the luminescence of Eu3+ at 615 nm, while the luminescence of the Zn-MOF frame at 410 nm remains unaltered. The fluorescence sensing platform had a relatively wide linear range (0–30 µM), low detection limit (9.8 nM), high sensitivity, and rapid response time (within 1 min). At the same time, the recovery of actual samples was 90.2–107.0%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was ≤ 3.82%. Simultaneously, by combining the smartphone color recognition APP with RGB analysis, a portable smartphone auxiliary sensing platform was established to realize the visual detection of MG. This method provides a novel strategy for real-time monitoring of pollutants in the environment.
{"title":"A rapid on-site fluorescence sensing platform for malachite green in an aqueous phase based on lanthanide-functionalized MOF","authors":"Yu Yan, Hao Guo, Zhiguo Yu, Zeyun Yang, Dengke Zhuang, Yanyan Ma, Mingyue Wang, Wu Yang","doi":"10.1007/s00604-025-07113-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-025-07113-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The residue of malachite green (MG) in water has serious toxic effects on the human body, so it is very important to establish a highly sensitive and convenient method for MG detection. In this study, a novel double-emission lanthanide MOF fluorescence probe (Eu-Zn-MOF) was designed for monitoring MG in water by post-synthetic modification (PSM) to Zn-MOF synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method. Eu-Zn-MOF exhibits excellent photoluminescence properties, making it suitable as a ratiometric fluorescence sensor (<i>I</i><sub>410</sub>/<i>I</i><sub>615</sub>) for the sensitive detection of MG. MG effectively quenches the luminescence of Eu<sup>3+</sup> at 615 nm, while the luminescence of the Zn-MOF frame at 410 nm remains unaltered. The fluorescence sensing platform had a relatively wide linear range (0–30 µM), low detection limit (9.8 nM), high sensitivity, and rapid response time (within 1 min). At the same time, the recovery of actual samples was 90.2–107.0%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was ≤ 3.82%. Simultaneously, by combining the smartphone color recognition APP with RGB analysis, a portable smartphone auxiliary sensing platform was established to realize the visual detection of MG. This method provides a novel strategy for real-time monitoring of pollutants in the environment.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-25DOI: 10.1007/s00604-025-07105-0
Dandan Jiang, Yangyang Li, Siyu Wu, Lan Lan, Jinghai Liu
A novel cerium phthalocyanine-based covalent organic framework (CePc-COF)-magnetic core–shell composite was fabricated by grafting the CePc-COF layer on the surface of Fe3O4. The obtained core–shell composite particle (Fe3O4@CePc-COF) had strong magnetic responsiveness (29.6 emu g−1) and good hydrophilicity (5.0°). The affinity material provided abundant metal ion sites for specific enrichment of phosphopeptides. Fe3O4@CePc-COF had good performance in terms of high selectivity (1: 1: 5000), sensitivity (0.1 fmol), recovery (92.91%), and reusability (10 cycles). The enrichment feasibility of Fe3O4@CePc-COF was first investigated in standard peptides. Furthermore, Fe3O4@CePc-COF can efficiently identify phosphopeptides from extremely complex samples. The work can provide a novel idea for the fabrication of metallophthalocyanine based-COF materials for phosproteome detection in biological samples.
Graphical Abstract
{"title":"A cerium phthalocyanine-based covalent organic framework-magnetic core–shell composite as efficient affinity material for the enrichment of phosphopeptides","authors":"Dandan Jiang, Yangyang Li, Siyu Wu, Lan Lan, Jinghai Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00604-025-07105-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-025-07105-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p> A novel cerium phthalocyanine-based covalent organic framework (CePc-COF)-magnetic core–shell composite was fabricated by grafting the CePc-COF layer on the surface of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. The obtained core–shell composite particle (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@CePc-COF) had strong magnetic responsiveness (29.6 emu g<sup>−1</sup>) and good hydrophilicity (5.0°). The affinity material provided abundant metal ion sites for specific enrichment of phosphopeptides. Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@CePc-COF had good performance in terms of high selectivity (1: 1: 5000), sensitivity (0.1 fmol), recovery (92.91%), and reusability (10 cycles). The enrichment feasibility of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@CePc-COF was first investigated in standard peptides. Furthermore, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@CePc-COF can efficiently identify phosphopeptides from extremely complex samples. The work can provide a novel idea for the fabrication of metallophthalocyanine based-COF materials for phosproteome detection in biological samples.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-24DOI: 10.1007/s00604-025-07034-y
Seyed Ali Akbar Sajadi, Zeynab Khorablou
An ultrasensitive and reliable electrochemical scaffold was designed for the individual and simultaneous measurement of morphine (Mor) and tramadol (Trm) addictive and illegal drugs, utilizing a cost-effective and flexible carbon felt electrode modified with double-layer poly-taurine/poly-L-glutamic acid (P(Tau)/P(Glu)/CF). It is worth noting that drugs have now become a part of daily life in all societies, and the consumption of tranquilizers and opiates such as Mor and Trm has also increased. Given the frequent co-use of Mor and Trm, accurate and reliable methods for their simultaneous measurement are crucial. Simultaneous diagnostics make the determination more efficient and cost-effective by reducing the need for multiple sensors. Surface modification of CFE was carried out by a green approach, facile and straightforward route by layer-by-layer electropolymerization, forming a thin polymeric film with abundant functional groups responsible for anchoring narcotic drugs. The P(Tau)/P(Glu)/CFE composite showed an exceptionally high rate of active site exposure and proper electrochemical activity, attributed to the synergistic effects of the constituent materials. P(Tau)/P(Glu)/CFE was successfully used to detect saliva, urine, plasma, and body sweat samples with satisfactory recoveries.
Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Poly-taurine/poly-L-glutamic acid double-layer coating as potential candidates for surface modification of carbon felt electrode for discrimination and simultaneous detection of morphine and tramadol","authors":"Seyed Ali Akbar Sajadi, Zeynab Khorablou","doi":"10.1007/s00604-025-07034-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00604-025-07034-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An ultrasensitive and reliable electrochemical scaffold was designed for the individual and simultaneous measurement of morphine (Mor) and tramadol (Trm) addictive and illegal drugs, utilizing a cost-effective and flexible carbon felt electrode modified with double-layer poly-taurine/poly-L-glutamic acid (P(Tau)/P(Glu)/CF). It is worth noting that drugs have now become a part of daily life in all societies, and the consumption of tranquilizers and opiates such as Mor and Trm has also increased. Given the frequent co-use of Mor and Trm, accurate and reliable methods for their simultaneous measurement are crucial. Simultaneous diagnostics make the determination more efficient and cost-effective by reducing the need for multiple sensors. Surface modification of CFE was carried out by a green approach, facile and straightforward route by layer-by-layer electropolymerization, forming a thin polymeric film with abundant functional groups responsible for anchoring narcotic drugs. The P(Tau)/P(Glu)/CFE composite showed an exceptionally high rate of active site exposure and proper electrochemical activity, attributed to the synergistic effects of the constituent materials. P(Tau)/P(Glu)/CFE was successfully used to detect saliva, urine, plasma, and body sweat samples with satisfactory recoveries.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":705,"journal":{"name":"Microchimica Acta","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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