3 Biotech最新文献

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as key post-transcriptional regulators in cancer progression through their ability to modulate microRNA (miRNA) activity. However, the functional role and regulatory mechanisms of many circRNAs in prostate cancer (PCa) remain poorly understood. This study investigates the oncogenic potential of circFAM120B (hsa_circ_0001666) and its regulatory interaction with miR-1182 and FBXO17 in PCa. CircFAM120B expression was assessed in PCa tissues and cell lines using qRT-PCR and confirmed by Sanger sequencing and RNase R digestion. Functional assays, including CCK-8, EdU, colony formation, wound healing, Transwell, and flow cytometry, were performed to evaluate the effects of circFAM120B knockdown. RNA pull-down, dual-luciferase reporter, and rescue assays were conducted to investigate the molecular interaction between circFAM120B, miR-1182, and FBXO17. Additionally, a xenograft tumor model was used to validate in vivo tumorigenic effects. CircFAM120B was significantly upregulated in PCa tissues and cells and exhibited high cytoplasmic stability. Knockdown of circFAM120B suppressed PCa cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) while promoting apoptosis. Mechanistically, circFAM120B functioned as a sponge for miR-1182, thereby relieving its suppression of FBXO17. This axis led to activation of the AKT signaling pathway, which was attenuated following circFAM120B knockdown. Rescue experiments with a miR-1182 inhibitor confirmed that circFAM120B exerts its oncogenic effects via the miR-1182/FBXO17/AKT axis. In vivo, circFAM120B knockdown reduced tumor growth and metastatic potential in a PCa xenograft model. CircFAM120B promotes PCa progression by sponging miR-1182 and upregulating FBXO17 expression. Targeting the circFAM120B/miR-1182/FBXO17 axis may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for PCa.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04677-9.

This study characterized the phytochemical constituents and multi-faceted bioactivity of Heterotrigona apicalis propolis from East Kalimantan using UPLC-MS/MS, in vitro assays, gene-expression analysis, and in silico docking with ADMET predictions. Fifteen secondary metabolites were identified with predominantly phenolic acids, flavonoids, and prenylated chromans with some of them firstly reported. The extract displayed high total phenolic content (217.3 mg GAE/g), total flavonoid content (45.8 mg QE/g) and dose-dependent antioxidant activity (DPPH IC₅₀ = 227.1 µg/mL). In HepG2 cells, the crude extract exerted moderate selective cytotoxicity (MTT IC₅₀=32.6 µg/mL) and dose-dependent transcriptional effects: AKR1C3 was downregulated at low dose but upregulated at high dose, MAPK/ERK was suppressed at both doses, and NF-κB was mildly reduced. Molecular docking indicated that key constituents (kushenol B, sophoranodichromane D, kuwanon T) bind liver-relevant targets of glutathione reductase, AST/ALT, and HCV NS3/4A with favorable poses overlapping native ligands. In silico ADMET profiling largely met Lipinski rules of five, predicted good intestinal absorption, limited CNS exposure, and few hepatotoxicity alerts, though some compounds require further toxicity evaluation. Together, these results position H. apicalis propolis as a phenolic-rich source of multi-target hepatoprotective and chemopreventive candidates, meriting in vivo validation and detailed ADME/toxicity studies.

A novel bacterial laccase enzyme was isolated and purified from Acinetobacter sp. strain M6 was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by ion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography which resulted in 17.5-fold higher specific activity compared to the raw extract. The molecular weight was approximated as 62 kDa by using SDS-PAGE. It was observed that the enzyme showed its optimal performance level and sustained its stability against heavy metals, organic solvents and halide ions at pH 7.2 and 40 °C. The most suitable substrates for the enzyme were found to be ABTS and DMP as the end-point measurements were locate. It was demonstrated that the enzyme showed notable bioconversion capabilities for absorbing heavy metals such as Cd²⁺ along with Pb²⁺ where it showed absorption rates of 89% and 75% respectively while achieving dye decolorization at 85% for malachite green and 72% for reactive black 5. Enzymatic kinetic values found to be 0.092 mM Km together with 196 U/mg Vmax for ABTS. Test results established an The isoelectric point (pI) was determined as 6.34 by isoelectric focusing which matches observations from standard bacterial laccases. By LC-MS/MS analysis, it was found that the protein chain consisted of 489 amino acids. The protein sequence demonstrated high similarity to other multicopper oxidase family laccases by preserving the copper-binding patterns HXHG, HXH, and HXXHXH. The production of a novel laccase from Acinetobacter sp. M6 has been confirmed through research which demonstrates its industrial prospects especially during environmental remediation involving dye decolorization and heavy metal bioremediation.

We identified and curated 14 full-length TRP channel genes in Bemisia tabaci Asia II-1, TRPA (TRPA1, TRPA5, Pain, Painless, Pyrexia, Waterwitch), TRPC (TRPL, TRPγ), TRPV (Nanchung, Inactive), TRPM, TRPN, TRPML, and TRPP (PKD1), from an initial 22 candidates using a 98% identity cutoff. Gene structures ranged from intron-less (Pain, Painless, Pyrexia, Waterwitch) to highly intron-rich (TRPN/TRPM: 24 exons/23 introns). Conserved motif/domain analyses recovered canonical Ion-transport and ankyrin-repeat signatures; TRPN uniquely showed eight predicted trans-membranes and the highest ankyrin count, while TRPM carried a SLOG motif, TRPML had ELD-TRPML domain, and PKD1 contained polycystin domain. Homology models (SWISS-MODEL; GMQE 0.45-0.88) displayed conserved S1-S4/S5-S6 architecture. DeepLoc predicted predominant plasma-membrane localization (probability > 0.6 for most channels) with lysosomal/vacuolar co-localization for subsets (e.g., Pain, Pyrexia, Nanchung). Chromosomal mapping showed clustered distributions: Chr02 (Waterwitch, Pyrexia, Inactive), Chr03 (TRPL, Pain, Painless, TRPA1, Nanchung, TRPN), Chr04 (TRPA5, PKD1), Chr06 (TRPM, TRPγ), and solitary TRPML on Chr10. Phylogenetic analysis (IQ-TREE ML and NJ/RAxML) resolved seven subfamilies with strong support (bootstrap ≥ 85%), highlighting tight TRPA clustering and mechanotransductive TRPV pair (Nanchung/Inactive). qPCR across six tissues (calibrator: whole body) revealed antenna-enriched expression for Inactive (7.53 ± 0.44), Nanchung (5.88 ± 0.44), Waterwitch (5.77 ± 0.44), and TRPA1 (5.30 ± 0.44) (FDR < 0.01), leg/wing showed elevation for Nanchung/Inactive/ TRPN, and abdominal upregulation of PKD1 (4.85 ± 0.06) and TRPM (4.28 ± 0.06). Developmentally (calibrator: adult), nymph and prepupa showed marked increase, e.g., Nanchung 14.90 ± 0.16, Inactive 12.40 ± 0.05, Waterwitch 11.84 ± 0.47, Pyrexia 8.25 ± 1.41 (FDR < 0.01). ANOVA confirmed strong heterogeneity (stage-wise F > 90, p < 0.001) with Dunnett/FDR significance. These tissue and stage-biased profiles nominate Nanchung, Inactive, TRPA1, and TRPM/PKD1 as prioritized candidates for functional assays and stage-specific pest management.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04638-2.

Nutraceuticals, a significant category of bioactive compounds, play a crucial role in promoting human health and preventing diseases. The expanding market for nutraceuticals is largely driven by heightened public health awareness. However, conventional production methods fall short in meeting the rapidly growing market demand. Unlike chemical synthesis or plant extraction, microbial cell factories offer a sustainable and increasingly prominent alternative for nutraceutical production. Various microbial systems, such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Corynebacterium glutamicum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, have been engineered as multifunctional cell factories to synthesize diverse nutraceuticals. This review systematically summarizes the biosynthesis of various nutraceuticals using microbial cell factories, including vitamins, polysaccharides, and flavonoids. Additionally, it examines current challenges in this field, along with potential solutions and future prospects. Collectively, microbial cell factories are pioneering sustainable approaches to address pressing global health demands.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) accounts for 90% of pancreatic cancer (PC). The inefficient early detection and screening methods make PDAC the fourth deadliest cancer worldwide. The adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapies can manage the disease, but often with very low efficacy, resulting in a low 5-year survival rate of just 12%. Site-specific drug targeting and more precise early detection could be the way forward. Biological vehicles, like exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicle, play a crucial role in the development and metastasis of various types of cancer, including PC. By nature, exosomes are nano-sized vesicles secreted by most cells, including cancer cells. They carry biologically active molecules that facilitate cell-cell communication and signaling and are specific for each type of cancer, including PDACs. These PC-secreted exosomes have a unique molecular signature that is being investigated for PC diagnosis. Additionally, these vesicles could be engineered biologically, chemically, and immunologically to identify and target PC-affected sites for site-specific drug delivery. The strategic payload delivery capability of exosomes enhances the bioavailability and specificity of chemotherapeutic drugs. However, significant challenges remain in the clinical application of exosomes as drug carriers and biomarkers. This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of exosomes in PC development, contribution to metastasis, immunomodulation, and chemoresistance in PC. It emphasizes the therapeutic potential in tune with site-specific drug delivery and diagnostic applications of exosome-associated molecular signatures in PC detection.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that leads to cognitive decline, memory loss, and neuronal damage. Advances in high-throughput technologies, such as microarrays, have significantly enhanced our understanding of complex diseases by enabling large-scale gene expression analysis. This study explores differentially expressed genes (DEGs), key hub genes, and dysregulated pathways in AD using the GSE118553 dataset, aiming to uncover potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Gene expression data from AD and control brain tissues were analyzed to identify DEGs. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to determine hub genes, followed by subnetwork and co-expression analyses. Functional enrichment analysis, including Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), was performed to examine the biological pathways involved in AD. A total of 108 DEGs were identified, including 79 upregulated and 29 downregulated genes. Among these, 15 hub genes (FOS, CD44, THBS1, CCL2, HSPA1A, HSPA1B, FGF2, COL6A3, KLF4, CD74, DNAJB1, HSPA6, SPARC, YAP1, and BAG3) were significantly dysregulated. Functional enrichment analysis revealed key pathways related to heat acclimation, inclusion body regulation, and protein homeostasis. Additionally, potential therapeutic strategies were proposed to target these pathways and slow AD progression. This study identified crucial hub genes and dysregulated pathways in AD, with COL6A3 and BAG3 emerging as novel candidate genes. These findings provide deeper insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying AD and suggest potential therapeutic targets. Future research should focus on validating these findings and developing targeted interventions to regulate the identified pathways.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04645-3.

The Ecbolium viride was used to synthesis the zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). From this work, the synthesized NPs were characterized through range of analytical techniques. FTIR was used to detect the presence of functional groups such as alcohol, ester, aromatic compound, conjugated anhydrate, and alkene, these functional groups are responsible for the nanoparticle synthesis. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) confirmed a hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure ofthe ZnO NPs. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images displayed aggregated spherical-shaped NPs, with an elemental composition of oxygen (28.43%) and zinc (71.57%). ZnO NPs exhibited strong antioxidant activity. The α-amylase inhibition assay showed a 72% of inhibition, which indicating NPs potential anti-diabetic activity. Furthermore, the ZnO NPs exhibited anticancer activity against HeLa cells, with a 46.67% of reduction in cell viability. Additionally,the photocatalytic degradation percentage of methylene blue is 86.58% and Rhodamine b is 80%. These findings suggest that ZnO NPs synthesized using E. viride have promising antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anticancer properties. The green synthesis approach reduce the hazardous waste materials and enhance the therapeutic potentials. .

A novel series of thiadiazole-linked thiazolidinone-chalcone derivatives was synthesized and comprehensively evaluated for their inhibitory potential against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Structural characterization was confirmed through ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, and HREI-MS analyses. Among the synthesized compounds, analog 10 exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ values of 3.10 ± 0.20 µM (AChE) and 3.80 ± 0.20 µM (BChE), surpassing the standard drug donepezil (IC₅₀ = 5.50 ± 0.10 µM and 6.10 ± 0.20 µM, respectively). Other analogs demonstrated moderate to good activity within the range of 3.10-15.60 µM. In silico analyses, including molecular docking, pharmacophore modeling, molecular dynamics simulations, DFT calculations, and ADMET profiling, supported the experimental results and revealed stable binding conformations and favorable drug-like properties. The strong correlation between computational predictions and experimental data validated the proposed structure-activity relationship. These findings highlight compound 10 as a promising lead molecule for further optimization and development of effective and safe cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease therapy.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04648-0.