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Developing a novel neutralizing monoclonal antibody against TrkB. 开发针对 TrkB 的新型中和单克隆抗体。
IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04063-x
Gamze Eda Yildirim, Erkan Yilmaz

The TrkB receptor, which is highly expressed in various human cancers and considered a pro-oncogene, was targeted to develop neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against its immunoglobulin-like (Ig-like) domains. Recombinant TrkB-IgL peptide, including the Ig-like C2 type 1 (Ig-C2-type 1) and Ig-like C2 type 2 (Ig-C2-type 2) domains, was expressed and purified from E. coli. Mice were immunized with this peptide, and hybridoma clones producing anti-TrkB-IgL antibodies were generated. Among 23 ELISA-positive TrkB-IgL hybridoma clones, four (TrkB-IgL 5.11, 4.11, 4.6, 4.3) showed anti-proliferative effects compared to the control on human breast cancer (MCF-7) and human colon cancer (HCT116) cells, as assessed using the xCELLigence system. Western blot analysis revealed that TrkB-IgL 5.11 and 4.11 significantly suppressed TrkB-mediated signaling pathways compared to the control. Purified TrkB-IgL monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) exhibited anti-proliferative effects compared to both positive and negative controls using the xCELLigence system. The TrkB-IgL 5.11 mAb notably suppressed phosphorylation of TrkB, Akt, and ERK and induced Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 activities in a dose-dependent manner, as determined by Western blotting. Additionally, immunostaining confirmed the localization of these mAbs on the SH-SY5Y cell membrane, which is known for high TrkB expression. In conclusion, the TrkB-IgL 5.11 antibody effectively inhibits cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by suppressing key signaling pathways. These findings demonstrate the potential of this antibody as a therapeutic agent for cancers that overexpress TrkB. Additionally, it is considered a promising candidate for humanization, which would facilitate its application in cancer treatment.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-04063-x.

TrkB受体在各种人类癌症中高度表达,被认为是一种促癌基因,因此我们以它为目标,开发针对其免疫球蛋白样(Ig-like)结构域的中和单克隆抗体。重组 TrkB-IgL 肽,包括 Ig-like C2 类型 1(Ig-C2-type 1)和 Ig-like C2 类型 2(Ig-C2-type 2)结构域,由大肠杆菌表达和纯化。用这种多肽免疫小鼠,并产生产生抗 TrkB-IgL 抗体的杂交瘤克隆。根据 xCELLigence 系统的评估,在 23 个 ELISA 阳性的 TrkB-IgL 杂交瘤克隆中,有 4 个(TrkB-IgL 5.11、4.11、4.6、4.3)与对照组相比对人类乳腺癌(MCF-7)和人类结肠癌(HCT116)细胞具有抗增殖作用。Western 印迹分析显示,与对照组相比,TrkB-IgL 5.11 和 4.11 能显著抑制 TrkB 介导的信号通路。与使用xCELLigence系统的阳性和阴性对照相比,纯化的TrkB-IgL单克隆抗体(mAbs)具有抗增殖作用。经 Western 印迹测定,TrkB-IgL 5.11 mAb 显著抑制了 TrkB、Akt 和 ERK 的磷酸化,并以剂量依赖的方式诱导了 Caspase-3 和 Caspase-9 活性。此外,免疫染色证实了这些 mAbs 在 SH-SY5Y 细胞膜上的定位,众所周知,SH-SY5Y 细胞膜上的 TrkB 表达量很高。总之,TrkB-IgL 5.11 抗体能有效抑制癌细胞增殖,并通过抑制关键信号通路诱导细胞凋亡。这些研究结果表明,该抗体具有治疗 TrkB 过度表达的癌症的潜力。此外,它还被认为是一种有希望实现人源化的候选抗体,这将促进它在癌症治疗中的应用:在线版本包含补充材料,可查阅 10.1007/s13205-024-04063-x。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of chronic administration of oxycodone on the behavioral functions and histopathology in the cerebellum and striatum of adult male rats. 长期服用羟考酮对成年雄性大鼠小脑和纹状体行为功能和组织病理学的影响
IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04062-y
Farzin Banei, Abbas Aliaghaei, Gholam Hossein Meftahi

Oxycodone is widely used for pain management and acts via binding to mu- and kappa opioid receptors. It was shown that extended oxycodone usage can result from the demyelination and degeneration of neurons through the stress response, which triggers apoptotic signaling pathways. The striatum and cerebellum are recognized as significant contributors to addiction; however, there is no report on the effect of oxycodone on the cerebellum and striatum and motor coordination. We treated rats daily with oxycodone at 15 mg/kg doses for thirty days. Motor performance and electromyography activity were then evaluated. Stereological methods were performed to assess the number of neurons in the cerebellum and striatum as well as immunohistochemistry for microgliosis and astrogliosis. Furthermore, the Sholl analysis method was utilized to evaluate the cellular structure of both microglia and astrocytes. Results of the rotarod test for motor coordination show no significant (P < 0.05) difference between the oxycodone subjects and those in the control group. In addition, open-field assessments indicated that the application of oxycodone did not alter the amount of distance covered (as an indicator of locomotion) or time spent in the central area (as an indicator of anxiety) (P < 0.001). The electromyography (EMG) test result showed that oxycodone caused a delay in the reaction of the muscular nerves (P < 0.001). Data and results from our experiment revealed that administering oxycodone did not affect astrogliosis and the number of neurons in the cerebellum and striatum (P < 0.05). In contrast, it altered neuromuscular function. In addition, oxycodone administration activated microglia in the cerebellum and striatum. In conclusion, we encourage more research on the adverse effects of oxycodone on the brain.

羟考酮被广泛用于止痛,通过与μ-和卡巴阿片受体结合发挥作用。研究表明,长期使用羟考酮可通过应激反应导致神经元脱髓鞘和变性,从而引发信号通路凋亡。纹状体和小脑被认为是导致成瘾的重要因素,但目前还没有关于羟考酮对小脑和纹状体以及运动协调性影响的报告。我们每天以 15 毫克/千克的剂量对大鼠进行为期 30 天的羟考酮治疗。然后对大鼠的运动表现和肌电图活动进行评估。我们用立体学方法评估了小脑和纹状体中神经元的数量,并用免疫组化方法检测了小神经胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞。此外,还利用 Sholl 分析法评估了小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞的细胞结构。运动协调性的转体测试结果显示,小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞没有明显(P P P P P
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引用次数: 0
Molecular characterization, haplotype analysis and development of markers specific to dzs18 gene regulating methionine accumulation in kernels of subtropical maize. 亚热带玉米籽粒中调节蛋氨酸积累的 dzs18 基因的分子特征、单体型分析和特异性标记的开发。
IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04088-2
Hriipulou Duo, Rashmi Chhabra, Vignesh Muthusamy, Subhra J Mishra, Ikkurti Gopinath, Gaurav Sharma, Jayanthi Madhavan, Chirravuri N Neeraja, Rajkumar U Zunjare, Firoz Hossain

Maize kernel protein is deficient in sulfur-containing essential amino acid such as methionine. The dzs18 gene encodes methionine-rich 18-kDa δ-zein in maize kernels. In this study, we sequenced full-length of dzs18 gene (820 bp) among 10 maize inbreds, revealing 43 SNPs and 22 InDels (average length-7.58 bp). Three InDels (4 bp at 113th, 15 bp at 463rd and 3 bp at 615th position) distinguished the wild-type (functional) from the mutant (non-functional) allele of dzs18. The 4 bp (TTAT) insertion caused a frameshift mutation, resulting in truncated DZS18 protein. The 15 bp insertion (ATG-TCT-TCG-ATG-ATA) added methionine-serine-serine-methionine-isoleucine, while the 3 bp deletion (CAA) led to loss of a glutamine residue in the mutant allele. Three gene-based PCR markers were developed for diversity analysis of dzs18 gene among 48 inbreds, which had an average methionine content of 0.136 %. (range: 0.031-0.340 %). Eight haplotypes were identified with methionine content varying from 0.066 % (Hap7) to 0.262 % (Hap3). Haplotypes with 4 bp deletion accumulated more methionine (0.174 %) than haplotypes with 4 bp insertion (0.082 %). The average methionine in 15 bp deletion and insertion haplotypes was 0.106 % and 0.150 %, respectively. The 3 bp insertion had 0.140 % methionine, while the deletion possessed 0.117 % methionine. Protein-protein association analysis predicted that DZS18 protein interacts with 19-kDa α-zein, 27- and 16-kDa γ-zeins, WAXY and O2 protein. A paralogue of dzs18 gene with 74 % sequence identity was identified. The functional markers reported here could facilitate the development of high methionine maize cultivars, which holds great significance to combat malnutrition, especially in developing countries.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-04088-2.

玉米籽粒蛋白缺乏含硫必需氨基酸,如蛋氨酸。dzs18 基因编码玉米籽粒中富含蛋氨酸的 18 kDa δ-玉米蛋白。本研究对 10 个玉米近交系的 dzs18 基因全长(820 bp)进行了测序,发现了 43 个 SNPs 和 22 个 InDels(平均长度为 7.58 bp)。三个 InDels(第 113 位 4 bp、第 463 位 15 bp 和第 615 位 3 bp)区分了 dzs18 的野生型(功能性)和突变型(非功能性)等位基因。4 bp (TTAT)插入导致了框架移位突变,从而产生了截短的 DZS18 蛋白质。15 bp 的插入(ATG-TCT-TCG-ATG-ATA)增加了蛋氨酸-丝氨酸-丝氨酸-蛋氨酸-异亮氨酸,而 3 bp 的缺失(CAA)导致突变等位基因中谷氨酰胺残基的缺失。为分析 48 个近交系中 dzs18 基因的多样性,开发了三种基于基因的 PCR 标记,其蛋氨酸平均含量为 0.136%(范围:0.031-0.340%)。鉴定出 8 个单倍型,蛋氨酸含量从 0.066 %(Hap7)到 0.262 %(Hap3)不等。缺失 4 bp 的单倍型比插入 4 bp 的单倍型(0.082 %)积累了更多的蛋氨酸(0.174 %)。15 bp缺失单倍型和插入单倍型的平均蛋氨酸含量分别为 0.106 % 和 0.150 %。3 bp 插入型的蛋氨酸含量为 0.140%,而缺失型的蛋氨酸含量为 0.117%。蛋白质-蛋白质关联分析表明,DZS18 蛋白与 19 kDa α-玉米素、27 kDa 和 16 kDa γ-玉米素、WAXY 和 O2 蛋白相互作用。发现了一个具有 74 % 序列同一性的 dzs18 基因旁系。本文报告的功能标记可促进高蛋氨酸玉米品种的发展,这对消除营养不良,尤其是发展中国家的营养不良具有重要意义:在线版本包含补充材料,可查阅 10.1007/s13205-024-04088-2。
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引用次数: 0
Revitalizing common drugs for antibacterial, quorum quenching, and antivirulence potential against Pseudomonas aeruginosa: in vitro and in silico insights. 唤醒普通药物对铜绿假单胞菌的抗菌、淬灭法定量和抗病毒潜力:体外和硅学见解。
IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04070-y
Jatin Chadha, Umang Mudgil, Lavanya Khullar, Prerna Ahuja, Kusum Harjai

In the post-antibiotic era, antivirulence therapies are becoming refractory to the clinical application of existing antimicrobial regimens. Moreover, in an attempt to explore alternate intervention strategies, drug repurposing is gaining attention over development of novel drugs/antimicrobials. With the prevalence of multidrug resistance and high medical burden associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, there is an urgent need to devise novel therapeutics to combat this bacterial pathogen. In this context, the present study was undertaken to scrutinize the anti-quorum sensing (QS) and antivirulence potential of commonly consumed drugs such as fexofenadine (FeX), ivermectin (IvM), nitrofurantoin (NiT), levocetrizine (LvC), atorvastatin (AtS), and aceclofenac (AcF), against P. aeruginosa. The methodology involved assessment of antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa PAO1 and quorum quenching (QQ) potential using Agrobacterium tumefaciens NTL4 biosensor strain. The antivirulence prospects were investigated by estimating the production of hallmark virulence factors in P. aeruginosa accompanied by molecular docking to predict drug associations with the QS receptors. Interestingly, all the drugs harbored antibacterial, anti-QS, and antivirulence potential in vitro, which consequently disrupted QS circuits and attenuated pseudomonal virulence phenotypically by significantly lowering the production of pyocyanin, hemolysin, pyochelin, and total bacterial protease in vitro. Moreover, the findings were validated by computational studies that predicted strong molecular interactions between the test drugs and QS receptors of P. aeruginosa. Hence, this study is the first to suggest the prospect of repurposing FeX, IvM, NiT, LvC, AtS, and AcF against P. aeruginosa.

在后抗生素时代,抗病毒疗法正成为现有抗菌药物临床应用的难点。此外,为了探索其他干预策略,药物再利用比新型药物/抗菌药的开发更受关注。由于铜绿假单胞菌普遍存在多重耐药性和高医疗负担,因此迫切需要设计新型疗法来对抗这种细菌病原体。在此背景下,本研究仔细研究了常用药物(如非索非那定(FeX)、伊维菌素(IvM)、硝基呋喃妥因(NiT)、左西曲嗪(LvC)、阿托伐他汀(AtS)和醋氯芬酸(AcF))对铜绿假单胞菌的抗法定量感应(QS)和抗病毒潜力。研究方法包括使用农杆菌 NTL4 生物传感器菌株评估对铜绿假单胞菌 PAO1 的抗菌活性和法定量淬灭(QQ)潜力。通过估算铜绿假单胞菌标志性毒力因子的产生,并通过分子对接预测药物与 QS 受体的关联,研究了抗病毒前景。有趣的是,所有药物在体外都具有抗菌、抗QS和抗病毒的潜力,从而破坏了QS回路,并通过显著降低体外脓青蛋白、溶血素、脓蛋白酶和细菌总蛋白酶的产生,从表型上削弱了假单胞菌的毒力。此外,计算研究也验证了这些发现,研究预测试验药物与铜绿假单胞菌的 QS 受体之间存在很强的分子相互作用。因此,本研究首次提出了将 FeX、IvM、NiT、LvC、AtS 和 AcF 用于铜绿假单胞菌的前景。
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引用次数: 0
Unveiling the secrets of abiotic stress tolerance in plants through molecular and hormonal insights. 通过分子和激素研究揭开植物耐受非生物胁迫的秘密。
IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04083-7
Saurabh Gupta, Rasanpreet Kaur, Anshu Upadhyay, Arjun Chauhan, Vishal Tripathi

Phytohormones are signaling substances that control essential elements of growth, development, and reactions to environmental stress. Drought, salt, heat, cold, and floods are a few examples of abiotic factors that have a significant impact on plant development and survival. Complex sensing, signaling, and stress response systems are needed for adaptation and tolerance to such pressures. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a key phytohormone that regulates stress responses. It interacts with the jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathways to direct resources toward reducing the impacts of abiotic stressors rather than fighting against pathogens. Under exposure to nanoparticles, the plant growth hormones also function as molecules that regulate stress and are known to be involved in a variety of signaling cascades. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are detected in excess while under stress, and nanoparticles can control their formation. Understanding the way these many signaling pathways interact in plants will tremendously help breeders create food crops that can survive in deteriorating environmental circumstances brought on by climate change and that can sustain or even improve crop production. Recent studies have demonstrated that phytohormones, such as the traditional auxins, cytokinins, ethylene, and gibberellins, as well as more recent members like brassinosteroids, jasmonates, and strigolactones, may prove to be significant metabolic engineering targets for creating crop plants that are resistant to abiotic stress. In this review, we address recent developments in current understanding regarding the way various plant hormones regulate plant responses to abiotic stress and highlight instances of hormonal communication between plants during abiotic stress signaling. We also discuss new insights into plant gene and growth regulation mechanisms during stress, phytohormone engineering, nanotechnological crosstalk of phytohormones, and Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria's Regulatory Powers (PGPR) via the involvement of phytohormones.

植物激素是一种信号物质,可控制生长、发育和对环境压力反应的基本要素。干旱、盐分、高温、寒冷和洪水是对植物生长和生存有重大影响的非生物因素的几个例子。植物需要复杂的传感、信号和胁迫反应系统来适应和承受这些压力。脱落酸(ABA)是一种调节胁迫反应的关键植物激素。它与茉莉酸(JA)和水杨酸(SA)信号途径相互作用,引导资源用于减少非生物胁迫的影响,而不是对抗病原体。在暴露于纳米粒子的情况下,植物生长激素也可作为调节胁迫的分子发挥作用,并且已知它们参与了各种信号级联。在压力下会检测到过量的活性氧(ROS),而纳米粒子可以控制活性氧的形成。了解这些信号通路在植物体内的相互作用方式将极大地帮助育种者培育出能够在气候变化带来的日益恶化的环境条件下生存的粮食作物,并维持甚至提高作物产量。最近的研究表明,植物激素(如传统的辅助素、细胞分裂素、乙烯和赤霉素,以及黄铜激素类、茉莉酮类和绞股蓝内酯等最新成员)可能会成为重要的代谢工程目标,用于培育可抵抗非生物胁迫的作物。在这篇综述中,我们探讨了目前对各种植物激素如何调控植物对非生物胁迫反应的认识的最新进展,并重点介绍了在非生物胁迫信号传递过程中植物间激素交流的实例。我们还讨论了关于胁迫期间植物基因和生长调控机制、植物激素工程、植物激素的纳米技术串扰以及植物激素参与的植物生长促进根瘤菌(PGPR)调控能力的新见解。
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引用次数: 0
Alternaria alternata species complex impairing solanaceous vegetables in Northern parts of India: an emerging problem in Solanum lycopersicum L. 影响印度北部地区茄科蔬菜的交替孢属复合菌:番茄茄属植物新出现的问题
IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04059-7
Rekha Balodi, Kerur Vishwanath Raghavendra, Praveen Kumar Singh, Zakir Hussain, Sachin Suresh Suroshe, Pawan Kumar, Subhash Chander

Severe incidence of Alternaria spp. was observed in the three solanaceous vegetables viz. tomato, potato and brinjal grown in National Capital Region of Delhi and Haryana. The symptomatic plants exhibited necrotic brown lesions on the leaves initiating from the lower older leaves and extending to stem, affecting the whole plant. Subsequently, black sooty sporulation was observed in fruits of tomato and brinjal crop. During the survey, tomato crop was most susceptible with 98.99% incidence, followed by brinjal with 82.36% and potato with 61.19% incidence. The mean plant disease index varied between 9.98% and 65.99% among the three crops. Isolation and characterization of the causal agent from symptomatic plants revealed association of small-spored Alternaria spp. in all crops. Further, morphological and Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequencing phylogenetic analysis ascertained the fungus belong to Alternaria section of Alternaria genus. As tomato was found most susceptible, host plant resistance was explored among 197 tomato germplasm/breeding lines under epiphytotic conditions. It was found that 08 accessions exhibited moderate resistance against pathogen. The findings in the study suggest that small-spored Alternaria is an emerging problem in the solanaceous vegetables and warrants attention for effective management of the disease.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-04059-7.

在德里国家首都地区和哈里亚纳邦种植的三种茄果类蔬菜(即番茄、马铃薯和甘蓝)中观察到了严重的 Alternaria spp.有症状的植株叶片从下部老叶开始出现褐色坏死病斑,并扩展到茎部,影响整个植株。随后,在番茄和青江菜作物的果实中观察到黑色烟熏孢子。在调查期间,番茄的感病率最高,为 98.99%,其次是青江菜,为 82.36%,马铃薯为 61.19%。三种作物的平均植物病害指数介于 9.98% 和 65.99% 之间。从有症状的植株中分离和鉴定病原菌的结果表明,所有作物中的病原菌都与小孢子型 Alternaria 属有关。此外,通过形态学和内部转录间隔序列(ITS)系统进化分析,确定该真菌属于 Alternaria 属的 Alternaria 部分。由于番茄最易感,因此在附生条件下对 197 种番茄种质/育种品系的寄主植物抗性进行了研究。结果发现,有 08 个品系对病原体表现出中等程度的抗性。研究结果表明,小孢子交链孢霉是茄科蔬菜中一个新出现的问题,需要引起重视,以有效防治该病害:在线版本包含补充材料,可查阅 10.1007/s13205-024-04059-7。
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引用次数: 0
Causal relationship between Lipdome and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Asthma: Mendelian randomization. 脂质体与慢性阻塞性肺病和哮喘之间的因果关系:孟德尔随机化
IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04071-x
Qiong Wu, Jingmin Fu, Cheng Zhang, Zhuolin Liu, Jianing Shi, Zhiying Feng, Kangyu Wang, Ling Li

Genetic risk significantly influence susceptibility and heterogeneity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, and increasing evidence suggests their close association with lipdome. However, their causal relationship remains unclear. In this study, we conducted a two-sample MR (Mendelian randomization) analysis using publicly available large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data to evaluate the causal impact of lipdome on COPD and asthma. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method served as the primary analysis method, and multiple sensitivity and heterogeneity tests were performed to assess the reliability of the results. Finally, a Meta-analysis was conducted on lipdome with significant causal relationships to validate the robustness of the results. Our findings suggest that Sterol ester (27:1/18:2), Phosphatidylcholine (15:0_18:2), (16:0_18:2), (16:0_20:2), (17:0_18:2), (18:1_18:1), (18:1_18:2), (18:1_20:2), Triacylglycerol (54:3), and (56:4) levels are protective factors for COPD, while levels of Phosphatidylcholine (16:0_22:5), (18:0_20:4), and (O-16:0_20:4) are risk factors for COPD. Meta-analysis of lipids causally related to COPD also indicates significant results. Phosphatidylcholine (16:0_20:4), (16:0_22:5), and (18:0_20:4) levels are risk factors for asthma, while Phosphatidylcholine (18:1_18:2), (18:1_20:2), and Sphingomyelin (d38:1) levels are protective factors for asthma. However, the lack of statistical significance in the Meta-analysis may be due to heterogeneity in research methods and data statistics. This study indicates that 4 lipdome species have significant correlations with COPD and asthma. Phosphatidylcholine (18:1_18:2) and (18:1_20:2) are protective factors, while Phosphatidylcholine (16:0_22:5) and (18:0_20:4) are risk factors. Additionally, due to differences in molecular subtypes, phosphatidylcholine, sterol ester, and triacylglycerol exhibit differential effects on the diseases.

遗传风险极大地影响了慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)和哮喘的易感性和异质性,越来越多的证据表明它们与唇腭裂密切相关。然而,它们之间的因果关系仍不清楚。在本研究中,我们利用公开的大规模全基因组关联研究(GWAS)数据进行了双样本 MR(孟德尔随机化)分析,以评估唇穹对慢性阻塞性肺病和哮喘的因果影响。反方差加权法(IVW)作为主要分析方法,并进行了多重敏感性和异质性测试,以评估结果的可靠性。最后,我们对具有显著因果关系的脂质体进行了元分析,以验证结果的稳健性。我们的研究结果表明,甾醇酯(27:1/18:2)、磷脂酰胆碱(15:0_18:2)、(16:0_18:2)、(16:0_20:2)、(17:0_18:2)、(18:1_18:1)、(18:1_18:2)、(18:1_20:2)、三酰甘油(54:3)和(56:4)水平是慢性阻塞性肺病的保护因素,而磷脂酰胆碱(16:0_22:5)、(18:0_20:4)和(O-16:0_20:4)水平则是慢性阻塞性肺病的危险因素。对与慢性阻塞性肺病有因果关系的脂质进行的元分析也显示出显著的结果。磷脂酰胆碱(16:0_20:4)、(16:0_22:5)和(18:0_20:4)水平是哮喘的危险因素,而磷脂酰胆碱(18:1_18:2)、(18:1_20:2)和鞘磷脂(d38:1)水平则是哮喘的保护因素。然而,Meta 分析中缺乏统计学意义可能是由于研究方法和数据统计的异质性。本研究表明,4 种脂质与慢性阻塞性肺病和哮喘有显著相关性。磷脂酰胆碱(18:1_18:2)和(18:1_20:2)是保护因素,而磷脂酰胆碱(16:0_22:5)和(18:0_20:4)是危险因素。此外,由于分子亚型的不同,磷脂酰胆碱、甾醇酯和三酰甘油对疾病的影响也不同。
{"title":"Causal relationship between Lipdome and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Asthma: Mendelian randomization.","authors":"Qiong Wu, Jingmin Fu, Cheng Zhang, Zhuolin Liu, Jianing Shi, Zhiying Feng, Kangyu Wang, Ling Li","doi":"10.1007/s13205-024-04071-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-024-04071-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genetic risk significantly influence susceptibility and heterogeneity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, and increasing evidence suggests their close association with lipdome. However, their causal relationship remains unclear. In this study, we conducted a two-sample MR (Mendelian randomization) analysis using publicly available large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data to evaluate the causal impact of lipdome on COPD and asthma. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method served as the primary analysis method, and multiple sensitivity and heterogeneity tests were performed to assess the reliability of the results. Finally, a Meta-analysis was conducted on lipdome with significant causal relationships to validate the robustness of the results. Our findings suggest that Sterol ester (27:1/18:2), Phosphatidylcholine (15:0_18:2), (16:0_18:2), (16:0_20:2), (17:0_18:2), (18:1_18:1), (18:1_18:2), (18:1_20:2), Triacylglycerol (54:3), and (56:4) levels are protective factors for COPD, while levels of Phosphatidylcholine (16:0_22:5), (18:0_20:4), and (O-16:0_20:4) are risk factors for COPD. Meta-analysis of lipids causally related to COPD also indicates significant results. Phosphatidylcholine (16:0_20:4), (16:0_22:5), and (18:0_20:4) levels are risk factors for asthma, while Phosphatidylcholine (18:1_18:2), (18:1_20:2), and Sphingomyelin (d38:1) levels are protective factors for asthma. However, the lack of statistical significance in the Meta-analysis may be due to heterogeneity in research methods and data statistics. This study indicates that 4 lipdome species have significant correlations with COPD and asthma. Phosphatidylcholine (18:1_18:2) and (18:1_20:2) are protective factors, while Phosphatidylcholine (16:0_22:5) and (18:0_20:4) are risk factors. Additionally, due to differences in molecular subtypes, phosphatidylcholine, sterol ester, and triacylglycerol exhibit differential effects on the diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11424600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring microbial diversity in the rhizosphere: a comprehensive review of metagenomic approaches and their applications. 探索根圈微生物多样性:元基因组学方法及其应用综述。
IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04065-9
Bhumi Rajguru, Manju Shri, Vaibhav D Bhatt

The rhizosphere, the soil region influenced by plant roots, represents a dynamic microenvironment where intricate interactions between plants and microorganisms shape soil health, nutrient cycling, and plant growth. Soil microorganisms are integral players in the transformation of materials, the dynamics of energy flows, and the intricate cycles of biogeochemistry. Considerable research has been dedicated to investigating the abundance, diversity, and intricacies of interactions among different microbes, as well as the relationships between plants and microbes present in the rhizosphere. Metagenomics, a powerful suite of techniques, has emerged as a transformative tool for dissecting the genetic repertoire of complex microbial communities inhabiting the rhizosphere. The review systematically navigates through various metagenomic approaches, ranging from shotgun metagenomics, enabling unbiased analysis of entire microbial genomes, to targeted sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene for taxonomic profiling. Each approach's strengths and limitations are critically evaluated, providing researchers with a nuanced understanding of their applicability in different research contexts. A central focus of the review lies in the practical applications of rhizosphere metagenomics in various fields including agriculture. By decoding the genomic content of rhizospheric microbes, researchers gain insights into their functional roles in nutrient acquisition, disease suppression, and overall plant health. The review also addresses the broader implications of metagenomic studies in advancing our understanding of microbial diversity and community dynamics in the rhizosphere. It serves as a comprehensive guide for researchers, agronomists, and policymakers, offering a roadmap for harnessing metagenomic approaches to unlock the full potential of the rhizosphere microbiome in promoting sustainable agriculture.

根瘤菌圈是受植物根系影响的土壤区域,是植物与微生物之间复杂互动影响土壤健康、养分循环和植物生长的动态微环境。土壤微生物是物质转化、能量流动动态和生物地球化学复杂循环中不可或缺的角色。大量研究致力于调查不同微生物之间的丰度、多样性和错综复杂的相互作用,以及植物与根瘤菌圈中微生物之间的关系。元基因组学是一套功能强大的技术,已成为剖析根圈中复杂微生物群落基因库的变革性工具。这篇综述系统地介绍了各种元基因组学方法,从可以对整个微生物基因组进行无偏见分析的散弹元基因组学,到用于分类剖析的 16S rRNA 基因定向测序。对每种方法的优势和局限性都进行了严格的评估,使研究人员对其在不同研究环境中的适用性有了细致入微的了解。本综述的一个核心重点是根瘤元基因组学在包括农业在内的各个领域的实际应用。通过解码根瘤微生物的基因组内容,研究人员可以深入了解它们在养分获取、疾病抑制和植物整体健康方面的功能作用。该综述还探讨了元基因组研究在促进我们对根瘤菌层微生物多样性和群落动态的了解方面的广泛影响。它是研究人员、农学家和决策者的综合指南,为利用元基因组学方法释放根圈微生物组在促进可持续农业方面的全部潜力提供了路线图。
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引用次数: 0
Green synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles using Cassia fistula leaf extract: evaluation of antimicrobial, antioxidant, antibiofilm, and cytotoxic activities. 利用决明子叶提取物绿色合成壳聚糖纳米颗粒:抗菌、抗氧化、抗生物膜和细胞毒性活性评估。
IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04073-9
Anusiya Ganesan, Jaiganesh Rengarajan

The emerging field of green synthesis within nanobiotechnology presents significant environmental and economic advantages compared to conventional methodologies. This study investigates the synthesis and application of chitosan nanoparticles (ChNPs) using Cassia fistula (CF) leaf extract as a sustainable, and bio-based approach. Characterization of CF-ChNPs confirmed effective bioconversion and also demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity. Notably, CF-ChNPs demonstrated a remarkable antimicrobial effect against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with a zone of inhibition of 17 ± 0.2 mm surpassing the impact on other organisms tested. The CF-ChNPs exhibited an initial burst release of 28 ± 0.28% after 2 h, gradually achieving a controlled release of 76.3 ± 0.43% within 24 h. In addition, CF-ChNPs exhibited an antioxidant activity of 43.1 ± 0.48% and showed excellent antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus in comparison to other organisms. The cell viability assay results have confirmed that CF-ChNPs do not have any negative impact on the viability of L929 fibroblasts, further highlighting their potential as versatile nanomaterials for treating microbial infections and other therapeutic applications.

与传统方法相比,纳米生物技术中新兴的绿色合成领域具有显著的环境和经济优势。本研究利用决明子(CF)叶提取物合成并应用壳聚糖纳米颗粒(ChNPs),这是一种可持续的生物方法。CF-ChNPs 的表征证实了其有效的生物转化性,同时还显示出显著的抗菌活性。值得注意的是,CF-ChNPs 对铜绿假单胞菌具有显著的抗菌效果,其抑制区为 17 ± 0.2 毫米,超过了对其他受试生物的影响。此外,CF-ChNPs 的抗氧化活性为 43.1 ± 0.48%,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗生物膜活性也优于其他生物。细胞活力测定结果证实,CF-ChNPs 不会对 L929 成纤维细胞的活力产生任何负面影响,这进一步凸显了 CF-ChNPs 作为治疗微生物感染和其他治疗应用的多功能纳米材料的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
From ancient remedies to modern miracles: tracing the evolution of vaccines and their impact on public health. 从古代药方到现代奇迹:追溯疫苗的演变及其对公共卫生的影响。
IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04075-7
Kajal, Achyut Pandey, Shruti Mishra

This review traces the development of vaccines from ancient times to the present, highlighting major milestones and challenges. It covers the significant impact of vaccines on public health, including the eradication of diseases such as smallpox and the reduction of others such as polio, measles, and influenza. The review provides an in-depth look at the COVID-19 vaccines, which were developed at unprecedented speeds due to the urgent global need. The study emphasizes the ongoing potential of vaccine development to address future global health challenges, demonstrating the critical role vaccines play in disease prevention and public health. Moreover, it discusses the evolution of vaccine technology, from live-attenuated and inactivated vaccines to modern recombinant and mRNA vaccines, showcasing the advancements that have enabled rapid responses to emerging infectious diseases. The review underscores the importance of continued investment in research and development, global collaboration, and the adoption of new technologies to enhance vaccine efficacy and coverage. By exploring historical and contemporary examples, the article illustrates how vaccines have transformed medical practice and public health outcomes, providing valuable insights into future directions for vaccine innovation and deployment.

本综述追溯了疫苗从古至今的发展历程,重点介绍了主要的里程碑和挑战。它涵盖了疫苗对公共卫生的重大影响,包括根除天花等疾病以及减少脊髓灰质炎、麻疹和流感等其他疾病。报告深入探讨了 COVID-19 疫苗,由于全球的迫切需求,这些疫苗以前所未有的速度被开发出来。研究强调了疫苗开发在应对未来全球健康挑战方面的持续潜力,展示了疫苗在疾病预防和公共卫生方面发挥的关键作用。此外,它还讨论了疫苗技术的演变,从减毒活疫苗和灭活疫苗到现代重组疫苗和 mRNA 疫苗,展示了能够快速应对新出现的传染病的疫苗技术进步。回顾强调了持续投资研发、全球合作以及采用新技术提高疫苗效力和覆盖率的重要性。文章通过探讨历史和当代实例,说明了疫苗如何改变了医疗实践和公共卫生成果,为疫苗创新和部署的未来方向提供了宝贵的见解。
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引用次数: 0
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