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From ice to neurons: investigating the neuroprotective effects of Antarctic microalgae Chlorella variabilis and Chlorella pyrenoidosa extracts. 从冰到神经元:研究南极微藻类小球藻和小球藻萃取物的神经保护作用。
IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04094-4
Benan İnan, Betül Mutlu, Rabia Çakır, Didem Balkanlı

In this study, it was aimed to examine the neuroprotective effects of ethanolic extracts of Chlorella variabilis YTU.ANTARCTIC.001 and Chlorella pyrenoidosa OZCIMEN.001 microalgae that were isolated from Antarctica in a H2O2-induced oxidative stress model using SH-SY5Y cell line. In this context, first, Antarctic microalgae were cultivated and characterized. It was determined that C. pyrenoidosa and C. variabilis had specific growth rates of 0.093 and 0.097 day-1, respectively, and doubled their cell concentration in 7 days. With the antioxidant and phenolic content analysis, it was found that 1 mg/mL C. pyrenoidosa and C. variabilis ethanolic extracts had 33-37% radical scavenging activity and 102-107 mg GAE/mg extract phenolic content, respectively. Then, the cytotoxic effects of the microalgae extracts on SH-SY5Y cells were assessed across a concentration range of 6.25-125 µg/mL. The results indicated a concentration-dependent effect on cell viability, with no observed cytotoxicity within the tested range. Notably, the highest neuroprotective activity was recorded with C. variabilis extract at a concentration of 75 µg/mL, which maintained cell viability at 73.7% ± 0.3. These findings showed the significant neuroprotective potential of C. pyrenoidosa and C. variabilis ethanolic extracts, attributed to their substantial antioxidant properties and non-cytotoxic nature at effective concentrations. The promising neuroprotective efficacy of these extracts highlights their potential for therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative disease prevention and treatment.

本研究旨在利用 SH-SY5Y 细胞系,在 H2O2 诱导的氧化应激模型中研究从南极洲分离的变种小球藻 YTU.ANTARCTIC.001 和拟小球藻 OZCIMEN.001 的乙醇提取物对神经的保护作用。在此背景下,首先对南极微藻进行了培养和特征描述。结果表明,C. pyrenoidosa 和 C. variabilis 的特定生长率分别为 0.093 和 0.097 day-1,并在 7 天内使其细胞浓度增加一倍。通过对抗氧化剂和酚含量的分析发现,1 mg/mL的焦褐藻和变种褐藻乙醇提取物分别具有33-37%的自由基清除活性和102-107 mg GAE/mg提取物酚含量。然后,在 6.25-125 µg/mL 的浓度范围内评估了微藻提取物对 SH-SY5Y 细胞的细胞毒性作用。结果表明,微藻提取物对细胞活力的影响与浓度有关,在测试范围内未观察到细胞毒性。值得注意的是,变异草提取物的神经保护活性最高,浓度为 75 µg/mL 时,细胞存活率保持在 73.7% ± 0.3。这些研究结果表明,C. pyrenoidosa和C. variabilis乙醇提取物具有明显的神经保护潜力,这要归功于它们在有效浓度下的抗氧化性和无细胞毒性。这些提取物具有良好的神经保护功效,突出了它们在预防和治疗神经退行性疾病方面的治疗应用潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Crude oil degrading efficiency of formulated consortium of bacterial strains isolated from petroleum-contaminated sludge. 从受石油污染的污泥中分离出来的细菌菌株组成的配方联合体的原油降解效率。
IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04066-8
Siddhartha Pal, Arpita Hait, Sunanda Mandal, Ajoy Roy, Pinaki Sar, Sufia K Kazy

Crude oil contamination has been widely recognized as a major environmental issue due to its various adverse effects. The use of inhabitant microorganisms (native to the contaminated sites) to detoxify/remove pollutants owing to their diverse metabolic capabilities is an evolving method for the removal/degradation of petroleum industry contaminants. The present study deals with the exploitation of native resident bacteria from crude oil contaminated site (oil exploration field) for bioremediation procedures. Fifteen (out of forty-four) bioremediation-relevant aerobic bacterial strains, belonging to the genera of Bacillus, Stenotrophomonas, Pseudomonas, Paenibacillus, Rhizobium, Burkholderia, and Franconibacter, isolated from crude oil containing sludge, have been selected for the present bioremediation study. Crude oil bioremediation performance of the selected bacterial consortium was assessed using microcosm-based studies. Stimulation of the microbial consortium with nitrogen or phosphorous led to the degradation of 60-70% of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) in 0.25% and 0.5% crude oil experimental sets. CO2 evolution, indicative of crude oil mineralization, was evident with the highest evolution being 28.6 mg mL-1. Ecotoxicity of treated crude oil-containing media was assessed using plant seed germination assay, in which most of the 0.25% and 0.5% treated crude oil sets gave positive results thereby suggesting a reduction in crude oil toxicity.

原油污染因其各种不利影响而被广泛认为是一个重大的环境问题。由于微生物的新陈代谢能力各不相同,利用(受污染场地的)本地微生物来解毒/清除污染物是一种不断发展的清除/降解石油工业污染物的方法。本研究涉及利用原油污染场地(石油勘探区)的本地常驻细菌进行生物修复程序。本生物修复研究选择了从含原油污泥中分离出来的 15 株(共 44 株)与生物修复相关的需氧细菌,它们分别属于芽孢杆菌属、丝核单胞菌属、假单胞菌属、担子菌属、根瘤菌属、伯克霍尔德氏菌属和弗兰科菌属。通过基于微观世界的研究,对所选细菌群的原油生物修复性能进行了评估。在 0.25% 和 0.5% 的原油实验组中,用氮或磷刺激微生物菌群可降解 60-70% 的总石油烃 (TPH)。表明原油矿化的二氧化碳进化明显,最高进化量为 28.6 毫克毫升/升。使用植物种子萌发试验评估了经处理的含原油培养基的生态毒性,其中大多数经处理的 0.25% 和 0.5% 原油实验组都得出了积极的结果,从而表明原油毒性有所降低。
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引用次数: 0
Integrative bioinformatic and experimental analysis of benzoylbenzodioxol derivatives: hypoglycemic potential in diabetic mice. 苯甲酰苯并二恶茂衍生物的综合生物信息学和实验分析:糖尿病小鼠的降血糖潜力。
IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04103-6
Mohammed Hawash, Nidal Jaradat, Murad Abualhasan, Jazeel Jadallah, Lama Fashafsheh, Salsabeela Zaid, Naim Qamhia, Mohammad Qneibi, Mohammed T Qaoud, Ozden Tari, Matthew Merski, Ahmet S Boşnak, Ahmed Mousa, Linda Issa, Ahmad M Eid

We investigated the hypoglycemic activity and pharmacokinetic study of two synthesized benzoyl benzodioxol derivatives, compound I (methyl 2-(6-(2-bromobenzoyl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)acetate), and compound II, 2-(6-benzoylbenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)acetic acid, which showed very strong α-amylase inhibiting activity in our previous study. Then, diabetes was induced by the injection of streptozotocin to mice. The molecular docking simulations and analyses of density functional theory analyses were conducted to study the binding interactions with human pancreatic alpha-amylase, and their pharmacokinetic properties were further evaluated by ADMET profiling. Compound I showed the most important hypoglycemic effect, decreasing the blood glucose by 32.4%, higher than that of compound II by 14.8% and even the positive control acarbose by 22.9%. Histopathological examination revealed that diabetic livers showed portal inflammation with some apoptotic hepatocytes due to streptozotocin treatment, whereas controls without any treatment maintained normal liver architecture. Molecular docking studies gave results for the best binding affinity of the compound I, through its strong water bridges and π-π interactions, and also through analysis with density functional theory, was more stable and reactive when compared to compound II. Further ADMET analysis showed that both compounds shared a promising pharmacokinetic profile, and compound I had the potential for CNS penetration. Thus, compound I was selected as the best candidate for developing new hypoglycemic agents with potent efficacy, good binding interactions, and excellent pharmacokinetic properties.

我们研究了两种合成的苯甲酰基苯并二恶茂衍生物的降血糖活性和药代动力学研究,化合物 I(2-(6-(2-溴苯甲酰基)苯并[d][1,3]二恶茂-5-基)乙酸甲酯)和化合物 II(2-(6-苯甲酰基苯并[d][1,3]二恶茂-5-基)乙酸)在我们之前的研究中显示出非常强的α-淀粉酶抑制活性。然后,给小鼠注射链脲佐菌素诱发糖尿病。通过分子对接模拟和密度泛函理论分析,研究了这些化合物与人胰腺α-淀粉酶的结合相互作用,并通过 ADMET 分析进一步评估了它们的药代动力学特性。化合物 I 显示出最重要的降糖作用,可使血糖降低 32.4%,高于化合物 II 的 14.8%,甚至高于阳性对照阿卡波糖的 22.9%。组织病理学检查显示,糖尿病患者的肝脏因链脲佐菌素治疗而出现门脉炎症,部分肝细胞凋亡,而未接受任何治疗的对照组肝脏结构保持正常。分子对接研究结果表明,化合物 I 通过其强大的水桥和π-π相互作用具有最佳的结合亲和力,而且通过密度泛函理论分析,与化合物 II 相比,其稳定性和反应性更高。进一步的 ADMET 分析表明,这两种化合物都具有良好的药代动力学特征,而且化合物 I 具有中枢神经系统渗透的潜力。因此,化合物 I 被选为开发新降糖药的最佳候选化合物,它具有强效、良好的结合相互作用和出色的药代动力学特性。
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引用次数: 0
The evaluation of Starmerella magnoliae X3 as a biodiesel feedstock based on triacylglycerol (TAG) production, lipid productivity, and fatty acid profile under nitrogen limitation and acidic pH conditions. 根据氮限制和酸性 pH 条件下的三酰甘油(TAG)产量、脂质生产率和脂肪酸谱,对木兰星菌 X3 作为生物柴油原料进行评估。
IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04090-8
Hüseyin Avci, Sahlan Ozturk, Enver Ersoy Andeden

The effects of four initial culture pH values (3, 4, 5, and 6) and nitrogen limitation on growth, TAG accumulation, lipid production, fatty acid profile, and estimated biodiesel quality of Starmerella magnoliae X3 were investigated. TAG and lipid levels were measured by Nile Red fluorescence and sulfo-phospho-vanilin (SPV) techniques, respectively. The results showed that a combination of nitrogen limitation and acidic pH significantly (p < 0.05) increased TAG accumulation, total lipid contents, and lipid productivity in Starmerella magnoliae X3 compared to the control group. Under nitrogen limitation, the highest TAG accumulation was achieved at initial pHs of 3 and 5 after 72 h of cultivation, and the highest lipid productivity (0.306 g L-1 d-1) was observed after 48 h at pH 3; the major fatty acids at the four pH values were oleic acid (63.6%-64%), palmitoleic acid (11.3%-12.5%), stearic acid (9.7%-11.4%), and palmitic acid (9.4%-10%). In addition, both stresses were associated with lower iodine value and higher cetane number of the biodiesel compared to the control. These findings suggest that cultivation in a low-nitrogen medium at an initial pH of 3 or 5 holds promise in increasing TAG production in Starmerella magnoliae X3.

研究了四种初始培养 pH 值(3、4、5 和 6)和氮限制对木兰星菌 X3 的生长、TAG 积累、脂质产生、脂肪酸组成和生物柴油质量的影响。TAG 和脂质含量分别通过尼罗河红荧光技术和磺基磷酰基凡尼林(SPV)技术进行测定。结果表明,与对照组相比,氮限制和酸性 pH 的组合能显著(p Starmerella magnoliae X3。在氮限制条件下,初始 pH 值为 3 和 5 时,培养 72 小时后 TAG 积累最高;pH 值为 3 时,培养 48 小时后观察到最高的脂质生产率(0.306 g L-1 d-1);四个 pH 值下的主要脂肪酸为油酸(63.6%-64%)、棕榈油酸(11.3%-12.5%)、硬脂酸(9.7%-11.4%)和棕榈酸(9.4%-10%)。此外,与对照组相比,两种胁迫都会导致生物柴油的碘值降低和十六烷值升高。这些发现表明,在初始 pH 值为 3 或 5 的低氮培养基中培养木兰星菌 X3,有望提高其 TAG 产量。
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引用次数: 0
Phage therapy: A novel approach against multidrug-resistant pathogens. 噬菌体疗法:对抗耐多药病原体的新方法。
IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04101-8
Arushi Kapoor, Samriti Balaji Mudaliar, Vyasraj G Bhat, Ishita Chakraborty, Alevoor Srinivas Bharath Prasad, Nirmal Mazumder

The rapid rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms has created a critical need for alternative treatment options. Phage therapy is gaining attention as an effective way to fight bacterial infections by using lytic bacteriophages to specifically target and kill harmful bacteria. This review discusses several phage therapeutic options and emphasizes new developments in phage biology. Phage treatment has proven to be successful against MDR bacteria, as evidenced by multiple human clinical trials that indicate favorable results in treating a range of diseases caused by these pathogens. Despite these promising results, challenges such as phage resistance, regulatory hurdles, and the need for standardized treatment protocols remain. To effectively combat MDR bacterial infections, future research must focus on enhancing phage effectiveness, guaranteeing safety for human usage and incorporating phage therapy into clinical practice.

耐多药(MDR)生物的迅速增加迫切需要替代治疗方案。噬菌体疗法通过使用溶解性噬菌体来特异性地靶向杀死有害细菌,作为抗击细菌感染的一种有效方法正日益受到关注。本综述讨论了几种噬菌体治疗方案,并强调了噬菌体生物学的新发展。多项人体临床试验表明,噬菌体疗法在治疗由这些病原体引起的一系列疾病方面取得了良好的效果,这也证明了噬菌体疗法能成功对付 MDR 细菌。尽管取得了这些令人鼓舞的成果,但噬菌体抗药性、监管障碍和标准化治疗方案需求等挑战依然存在。为了有效对抗 MDR 细菌感染,未来的研究必须侧重于提高噬菌体的有效性、保证人体使用的安全性以及将噬菌体疗法纳入临床实践。
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引用次数: 0
Duckweeds as edible vaccines in the animal farming industry. 鸭茅作为动物养殖业的食用疫苗。
IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04074-8
Anca Awal Sembada, Yohanes Theda, Ahmad Faizal

Animal diseases are among the most debilitating issues in the animal farming industry, resulting in decreased productivity and product quality worldwide. An emerging alternative to conventional injectable vaccines is edible vaccines, which promise increased delivery efficiency while maintaining vaccine effectiveness. One of the most promising platforms for edible vaccines is duckweeds, due to their high growth rate, ease of transformation, and excellent nutritional content. This review explores the potential, feasibility, and advantages of using duckweeds as platforms for edible vaccines. Duckweeds have proven to be superb feed sources, as evidenced by numerous improvements in both quantity (e.g., weight gain) and quality (e.g., yolk pigmentation). In terms of heterologous protein production, duckweeds, being plants, are capable of expressing proteins with complex structures and post-translational modifications. Research efforts have focused on the development of duckweed-based edible vaccines, including those against avian influenza, tuberculosis, Newcastle disease, and mastitis, among others. As with any emerging technology, the development of duckweeds as a platform for edible vaccines is still in its early stages compared to well-established injectable vaccines. It is evident that more proof-of-concept studies are required to bring edible vaccines closer to the current standards of conventional vaccines. Specifically, the duckweed expression system needs further development in areas such as yield and growth rate, especially when compared to bacterial and mammalian expression systems. Continued efforts in this field could lead to breakthroughs that significantly improve the resilience of the animal farming industry against disease threats.

动物疾病是动物饲养业中最令人头疼的问题之一,导致全球生产率和产品质量下降。可食用疫苗是传统注射疫苗的新兴替代品,它有望在保持疫苗有效性的同时提高给药效率。浮萍是最有前景的可食用疫苗平台之一,因为浮萍生长速度快,易于转化,营养成分优良。本综述探讨了利用浮萍作为可食用疫苗平台的潜力、可行性和优势。事实证明,鸭茅是极好的饲料来源,其在数量(如增重)和质量(如卵黄色素)方面的众多改进都证明了这一点。在异源蛋白质生产方面,浮萍作为植物,能够表达具有复杂结构和翻译后修饰的蛋白质。研究工作的重点是开发基于浮萍的可食用疫苗,包括预防禽流感、结核病、新城疫和乳腺炎等的疫苗。与任何新兴技术一样,与成熟的注射疫苗相比,将浮萍作为可食用疫苗平台的开发仍处于早期阶段。显然,要使可食用疫苗更接近目前传统疫苗的标准,还需要进行更多的概念验证研究。具体来说,浮萍表达系统需要在产量和生长速度等方面进一步发展,特别是与细菌和哺乳动物表达系统相比。在这一领域的持续努力可能会带来突破,从而大大提高动物养殖业抵御疾病威胁的能力。
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引用次数: 0
Biodegradation of sugarcane bagasse biomass using recombinant alpha-galactosidase overexpressing whole-cell E.coli: a sustainable method of agricultural waste utilization. 利用重组α-半乳糖苷酶过表达全细胞大肠杆菌对甘蔗渣生物质进行生物降解:一种可持续的农业废物利用方法。
IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04092-6
P M Vetriselvi, Manoj Kumar Narasimhan, Marcus Samuel, Rex Arunraj

Whole-cell bacteria overexpressing a combo of enzymes capable of breaking down complex lignocellulosic components of cell wall is a path-breaking innovation that is eco-friendly for agricultural waste processing and sustainable environment. In this study, a whole-cell E. coli overexpressing the enzyme alpha-galactosidase is used to biodegrade sugarcane bagasse, presenting a sustainable approach for agricultural waste utilization. Alpha-galactosidase is an enzyme that breaks down alpha-D-galactose residues at the non-reducing ends of oligosaccharides (such as raffinose, stachyose, and verbascose), complex galactomannans, and galactolipids. Submerged and solid-state fermentation-mediated hydrolysis of bagasse waste using recombinant E. coli overexpressing α-galactosidase shows a decrease in the level of α-galactosides releasing sucrose and reducing sugars, indicating a continuous breakdown of the cell wall. Scanning electron microscopy indicates substantial disintegration of cell wall fibers under both submerged (12 h) and solid-state (7 days) fermentation, confirming the disruption of bagasse cell wall structural integrity. The 2XM9 media was found competent for both total protein and enzyme activity; the total protein concentration was 2553 µg/ml after 28 h of induction with an enzyme activity of 0.445 gal units/µg of protein after 16 h of induction at 24 °C. The results show that using whole-cell recombinant systems that express different cell wall-degrading enzymes could be a sustainable way to use agricultural waste, which would help with both waste management and protecting the environment.

过量表达能分解细胞壁中复杂木质纤维素成分的组合酶的全细胞细菌是一种突破性创新,对农业废物处理和可持续环境具有生态友好性。本研究利用过量表达α-半乳糖苷酶的全细胞大肠杆菌对甘蔗渣进行生物降解,为农业废物利用提供了一种可持续的方法。α-半乳糖苷酶是一种能分解低聚糖(如棉子糖、水苏糖和马来糖)非还原末端的α-D-半乳糖残基、复合半乳甘露聚糖和半乳脂的酶。利用过量表达 α-半乳糖苷酶的重组大肠杆菌对甘蔗渣废料进行浸没式和固态发酵介导的水解显示,释放出蔗糖和还原糖的α-半乳糖苷水平下降,表明细胞壁在不断分解。扫描电子显微镜显示,在浸没发酵(12 小时)和固态发酵(7 天)过程中,细胞壁纤维都发生了大量分解,证实蔗渣细胞壁结构的完整性受到破坏。在 2XM9 培养基中,总蛋白和酶活性均合格;在 24 °C 下诱导 28 小时后,总蛋白浓度为 2553 微克/毫升,诱导 16 小时后,酶活性为 0.445 gal 单位/微克蛋白。研究结果表明,使用表达不同细胞壁降解酶的全细胞重组系统是一种可持续利用农业废弃物的方法,有助于废弃物管理和环境保护。
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引用次数: 0
Colorimetric screening model for identification of menaquinone-7 (MK-7) producing strains. 用于鉴定脑啡肽-7(MK-7)生产菌株的比色筛选模型。
IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04097-1
Qiu-Hua Zhang, Zheng Wang, Yao-Qiang Wang, Yi-Lin Zhao, Hai-Jia Su

In this study, a novel colorimetric screening method for identifying menaquinone-7 (MK-7) producing strains was established using potassium permanganate. To our knowledge, this method represents the first direct screening methodology for the identification of MK-7 producing strains. Utilizing this screening method, a new MK-7 producing strain, Bacillus subtilis GSA-184, was identified from the soil of the Tibetan Plateau. Under the optimized fermentation medium (50 g/L glycerol, 30 g/L yeast extract powder, 100 g/L soybean peptone, 1 g/L KH2PO4, and 1 g/L MnSO4), the production of MK-7 was increased to 25.7 mg/L. Additionally, the maximum production of MK-7 reached 36.46 mg/L after 48 h in a 5-L fermenter.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-04097-1.

本研究利用高锰酸钾建立了一种新的比色筛选方法,用于鉴定产生 menaquinone-7 (MK-7)的菌株。据我们所知,这种方法是第一种直接筛选鉴定 MK-7 生产菌株的方法。利用这种筛选方法,我们从青藏高原的土壤中鉴定出了一种新的 MK-7 产菌株--枯草芽孢杆菌 GSA-184。在优化的发酵培养基(50 g/L甘油、30 g/L酵母提取物粉末、100 g/L大豆蛋白胨、1 g/L KH2PO4和1 g/L MnSO4)下,MK-7的产量提高到25.7 mg/L。此外,在 5 升发酵罐中发酵 48 小时后,MK-7 的最大产量达到 36.46 mg/L:在线版本包含补充材料,可查阅 10.1007/s13205-024-04097-1。
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引用次数: 0
Fungal endophytes and leaf litter fungi as sources of novel inhibitor-resistant cellulase for biofuel production: a basic study. 真菌内生菌和叶丛真菌作为生物燃料生产中新型抗抑制剂纤维素酶的来源:一项基础研究。
IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04087-3
Trichur Subramanian Suryanarayanan, Thavamani Rajamani, Nina Aro, Anna Borisova, Kaisa Marjamaa, Meenavalli Babu Govindarajulu

Hydrothermal pretreatments are commonly employed prior to the biotechnological conversion of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) into value-added products, such as fuels and chemicals. However, the by-products of this pretreatment, including furaldehydes, lignin-derived phenolics, and carboxylic acids, can inhibit the enzymes and microbes used in the biotechnological process. In this study, LCB degrading enzymes of endophytic and litter fungi were screened for their tolerance to potential pretreatment-derived inhibitors. Several fungi produced endo- and exoglucanases that remained functional in the presence of lignocellulose-derived phenolics. Some were also active in the presence of tannic acid. Additionally, thermostable endoglucanase activity was observed in some fungi. The ability of some of these fungi to utilize furaldehyde inhibitors as a sole carbon source was also noted. The culture supernatants of the fungal strains were tested in hydrolysis experiments using microcrystalline cellulose as a substrate, in the presence of lignocellulose phenolics and tannic acid. With some strains, higher sugar yields were obtained in the hydrolysis of cellulose when phenolics were added. Our results highlight the need for more intensive exploration of endophytic and plant litter fungi for novel inhibitor-resistant cellulases for biofuel production.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-04087-3.

在通过生物技术将木质纤维素生物质(LCB)转化为燃料和化学品等增值产品之前,通常会采用水热预处理。然而,这种预处理的副产品(包括糠醛、木质素衍生酚类和羧酸)会抑制生物技术过程中使用的酶和微生物。本研究筛选了内生真菌和枯落物真菌的低氯苯降解酶,以了解它们对潜在预处理衍生抑制剂的耐受性。几种真菌产生的内生和外生葡聚糖酶在木质纤维素衍生的酚类物质存在时仍能发挥作用。有些真菌在单宁酸存在时也具有活性。此外,在一些真菌中还观察到了恒温内切葡聚糖酶活性。还注意到其中一些真菌能够利用呋喃甲醛抑制剂作为唯一的碳源。在木质纤维素酚类物质和单宁酸存在的情况下,以微晶纤维素为底物对真菌菌株的培养上清液进行了水解实验。在某些菌株中,添加酚类物质后,纤维素的水解产糖量会更高。我们的研究结果突出表明,有必要对内生真菌和植物废弃物真菌进行更深入的研究,以寻找用于生物燃料生产的新型抗抑制剂纤维素酶:在线版本包含补充材料,可查阅 10.1007/s13205-024-04087-3。
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引用次数: 0
Paclitaxel production from endophytic Mucor circinelloides isolated from Taxus sp. of the Northern Himalayan region. 从喜马拉雅山北部地区的紫杉属植物中分离出的内生菌 Mucor circinelloides 产生紫杉醇。
IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04091-7
Aparajita Sharma, Pryanka Thakur, Vikram Thakur, Duni Chand, Ravi Kant Bhatia, Sourabh Kulshrestha, Pradeep Kumar

The current investigation involved the isolation of 13 endophytic fungi from Taxus sp. collected in Himachal Pradesh, India. Among these, isolate PAT-3 produced 195.13 mg/L of Taxol in reformative medium broth using microbial fermentation as an alternative source. The PAT-3 isolate was characterized as Mucor circinelloides through morphologic and molecular techniques. The PAT-3 isolate was the only one to exhibit positive results for the Taxol biosynthesis-related genes 10-deacetylbaccatin-III-10-O-acetyltransferase (dbat), Baccatin-III, 3: amino, 3 phenylpropanol transferase (bapt), and taxadienol-acetyltransferase (tat). Furthermore, human breast cancer (MCF-7) and human melanoma cancer (SKMEL-28) cell lines demonstrated the cytotoxicity of Taxol extracted from isolate PAT-3, with IC50 values of 80.32 µg/mL and 77.21 µg/mL, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates the ability of the endophytic fungus M. circinelloides from Taxus sp. in the northern Himalayan region to produce paclitaxel. The study's findings show that Mucor circinelloides is an excellent alternative source of Taxol, and they may pave the way for the production of Taxol at the industrial level in future.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-04091-7.

目前的调查涉及从印度喜马偕尔邦采集的 Taxus sp.中分离出 13 种内生真菌。其中,分离菌 PAT-3 以微生物发酵为替代源,在重整培养基肉汤中产生了 195.13 毫克/升的紫杉醇。通过形态学和分子技术,PAT-3 分离物被鉴定为 Mucor circinelloides。该 PAT-3 分离物是唯一一种 Taxol 生物合成相关基因 10-脱乙酰基巴卡丁-III-10-O-乙酰转移酶(dbat)、巴卡丁-III、3:氨基、3 苯丙醇转移酶(bapt)和 taxadienol-乙酰转移酶(tat)呈阳性结果的分离物。此外,人乳腺癌(MCF-7)和人黑色素瘤(SKMEL-28)细胞系也显示了从分离物 PAT-3 中提取的紫杉醇的细胞毒性,IC50 值分别为 80.32 µg/mL 和 77.21 µg/mL。据我们所知,这是第一项证明喜马拉雅山北部地区紫杉属内生真菌 M. circinelloides 能够产生紫杉醇的研究。研究结果表明,Mucor circinelloides是一种很好的紫杉醇替代来源,它们可能为未来工业化生产紫杉醇铺平道路:在线版本包含补充材料,可查阅 10.1007/s13205-024-04091-7。
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