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Crystal engineering of co-crystal of nicotinic acid and pyrogallol: an experimental and theoretical electron density analysis 烟酸与邻苯三酚共晶的晶体工程:实验与理论的电子密度分析
Alia Iqbal, A. Mehmood, S. Noureen, C. Lecomte, Maqsood Ahmed
Experimental electron density analysis by means of high-resolution X-ray diffraction data up to sinθ/λmax = 1.11 Å−1 at 100 (1) K has been performed to analyze the detailed structure and the strength of intermolecular interactions responsible for the formation of a new solid form of nicotinic acid (NA), cocrystallized with pyrogallol (PY). There are two NA–PY units in the asymmetric unit. The experimental results are compared with the results obtained from theoretical structure factors modeled using periodic boundary DFT calculations. Both refinements were carried out using the Hansen and Coppens multipolar formalism (in MoPro program). The non-centrosymmetric and polar nature of the crystal system rendered the multipolar refinement challenging which was addressed by involving the transferability principle. This study highlights the significance of the transferability principle in electron density modeling in non-routine situations. The 2:2 cocrystal of NA–PY exhibits a zigzag, brickwall and sheet-like layered structure in three dimensions and is stabilized by strong intra- and inter-molecular hydrogen bonding through N—H...O and O—H...O bonds, some of them due to the zwitterion nature of NA as well as weak interactions between the PY molecules. Ranking these interactions via topological analysis of the electron density shows the leading role of the NA–NA substructure which drives the organization of the cocrystals. These strong interactions between the NA zwitterions may explain why Z′ = 2.
利用高分辨率x射线衍射数据,在100 (1)K下进行了sinθ/λmax = 1.11 Å−1的实验电子密度分析,分析了与邻苯三酚(PY)共结晶的新型固体形式烟酸(NA)形成的详细结构和分子间相互作用的强度。在非对称单元中有两个NA-PY单元。实验结果与利用周期边界DFT计算的理论结构因子模型的结果进行了比较。两种改进都是使用Hansen和Coppens的多极形式(在MoPro程序中)进行的。晶体系统的非中心对称和极性性质使得多极精化具有挑战性,这是通过涉及可转移性原理来解决的。本研究强调了可转移性原理在非常规情况下电子密度建模中的重要意义。NA-PY的2:2共晶在三维上呈现出锯齿状、砖墙状和片状的层状结构,并通过N-H键在分子内和分子间形成强大的氢键来稳定其结构。O和O - h…O键,其中一些是由于NA的两性性质以及PY分子之间的弱相互作用。通过电子密度的拓扑分析对这些相互作用进行排序,表明NA-NA子结构在驱动共晶组织中的主导作用。NA两性离子之间的这些强相互作用可以解释为什么Z ' = 2。
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引用次数: 0
Low-temperature phase transition and highpressure phase stability of 1H-pyrazole-1carboxamidine nitrate 1h -吡唑-1硝酸钾胺的低温相变和高压相稳定性
Piotr Rejnhardt, M. Drozd, M. Daszkiewicz
The phase transition observed in a temperature-dependent experiment at 174 K is unachievable under high-pressure conditions. Negative thermal expansion for phase (II) and negative compressibility for phase (I) were observed. A new salt of 1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamidine, (HPyCA)NO3, for guanylation reaction was obtained in a crystalline form. The compound crystallizes in monoclinic space group P21/c and a phase transition at 174 K to triclinic modification P 1 was found. An unusual increase of the unit-cell volume was observed just after transition. Although the volume decreases upon cooling, it remains higher down to 160 K in comparison to the unit-cell volume of phase (I). The mechanism of the phase transition is connected with a minor movement of the nitrate anions. The triclinic phase was unreachable at room-temperature high-pressure conditions up to 1.27 GPa. On further compression, delamination of the crystal was observed. Phase (I) exhibits negative linear compressibility, whereas abnormal behaviour of the b unit-cell parameter upon cooling was observed, indicating negative thermal linear expansion. The unusual nature of the compound is associated with the two-dimensional hydrogen-bonding network, which is less susceptible to deformation than stacking interactions connecting the layers of hydrogen bonds. Infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry measurements were used to investigate the changes of intermolecular interactions during the phase transition.
在174 K的温度依赖实验中观察到的相变在高压条件下是无法实现的。观察到相(II)的负热膨胀和相(I)的负压缩率。以结晶形式制备了一种用于鸟酰化反应的新型1h -吡唑-1-羧胺盐(HPyCA)NO3。该化合物在单斜晶群P21/c中结晶,在174 K时发生了向三斜晶群p1的相变。在转变后,观察到细胞体积异常增加。虽然冷却后体积减小,但与(I)相的单位胞体积相比,在160 K时体积仍然较大。相变的机制与硝酸盐阴离子的轻微运动有关。在高达1.27 GPa的室温高压条件下无法达到三斜相。在进一步压缩时,观察到晶体分层。相(I)表现为负线性压缩率,而在冷却时观察到b单元胞参数的异常行为,表明负热线性膨胀。这种化合物的不寻常性质与二维氢键网络有关,它比连接氢键层的堆叠相互作用更不容易变形。采用红外光谱和差示扫描量热法研究了相变过程中分子间相互作用的变化。
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引用次数: 0
Structures and phase transitions in barium sodium niobate tungsten bronze (BNN) 铌酸钡钠钨青铜(BNN)的结构与相变
Thomas A. Whittle, C. Howard, S. Schmid
The room-temperature structure of the filled tetragonal tungsten bronze, Ba2NaNb5O15 (BNN), has been the subject of a number of studies, and these studies have given an almost corresponding number of different results. From a group theoretical examination of the different possibilities and a review of the published experimental results we conclude that the room-temperature structure is that proposed by Labbé et al. [J. Phys. Condens. Matter (1989), 2, 25–43] in the space group Bbm2 (Ama2 in standard setting) on a 2sqrt{2}a × sqrt{2}a × 2c cell. Upon heating, the structure remains ferroelectric but becomes tetragonal (space group P4bm) at 550 K, then paraelectric (space group P4/mbm) at and above 860 K.
对填充四方钨青铜Ba2NaNb5O15 (BNN)的室温结构进行了大量的研究,这些研究给出了几乎相应数量的不同结果。通过对不同可能性的理论研究和对已发表的实验结果的回顾,我们得出结论,室温结构是由labb等人提出的。理论物理。提供者。物质(1989),2,25 - 43]在2sqrt{2}a × sqrt{2}a × 2c cell上的空间群Bbm2(标准设定中的Ama2)。加热后,该结构保持铁电性,但在550 K时变为四方(空间群P4bm),在860 K及以上时变为准电性(空间群P4/mbm)。
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引用次数: 1
A previously unknown cyclic alkanolamine and molecular ranking using the pair distribution function 一个以前未知的环烷醇胺和分子排序使用对分布函数
Gianpiero Gallo, M. Terban, I. Moudrakovski, T. Huber, M. Etter, M. Ernst, B. Hinrichsen, R. Dinnebier
The crystal structure of a previously unknown small heterocyclic alkanolamine was determined by X-ray powder diffraction. Total scattering analysis of small organic molecules is shown to be useful to help disambiguate spectroscopic and elemental analyses.
用x射线粉末衍射测定了一种以前未知的小杂环烷醇胺的晶体结构。小有机分子的全散射分析被证明是有用的,有助于消除光谱和元素分析的歧义。
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引用次数: 0
Can the results of quantum refinement be improved with a continuum-solvation model? 用连续溶剂化模型可以改进量子精化的结果吗?
J. Bergmann, E. Oksanen, U. Ryde
Quantum refinement has been shown to be a powerful approach to interpret and improve macromolecular crystal structures. Previous studies have shown that the results of quantum refinement can be improved if the charge of the quantum mechanical (QM) system is reduced by adding neutralizing groups. Here it is shown that a similar improvement can be obtained if the original highly charged QM system is instead immersed in a continuum solvent in the QM calculations.
量子精化已被证明是解释和改进大分子晶体结构的有力方法。前人的研究表明,通过加入中和基团减少量子力学体系的电荷,可以改善量子精化的结果。本文表明,如果在QM计算中将原来的高电荷QM系统浸入连续介质中,则可以获得类似的改进。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of polar crystalline materials containing hydrochlorothiazide: electron density distribution and optical properties 含氢氯噻嗪极性晶体材料的研究:电子密度分布和光学性质
J. Wojnarska, M. Gryl, T. Seidler, K. Stadnicka
The polar hydrochlorothiazide polymorph (I) (systematic name: 6-chloro-1,1-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide, C7H8ClN3O4S2) and, recently designed by us, the polar 2-aminopyridine hydrochlorothiazide water <1/1/1> (C7H8ClN3O4S2·C5H6N2·H2O), (II), have been investigated. The crystal structures of both materials were determined using the single-crystal X-ray diffraction technique. The intermolecular interactions in (I) and (II) were studied in detail via topological electron-density analysis. The obtained results showed hydrogen bonds with a character intermediate between closed-shell and shared-shell in both crystal structures. The most important hydrogen bonds in (I) are formed between sulfonamide groups, whereas in (II), water molecules play a crucial role as they interconnect 2-aminopyridine and hydrochlorothiazide molecules. Calculations of the optical properties revealed that both materials exhibit large linear birefringence, twice that of calcite. The theoretically predicted second harmonic generation efficiency is four times and five times larger than that of KH2PO4 for (I) and (II), respectively. The information gathered on intermolecular interactions and structure–property correlations was used to identify the best strategies for the future design of new functional materials of this kind.
研究了极性氢氯噻嗪多晶(I)(系统名称:6-氯-1,1-二氧基-3,4-二氢- 2h -1,2,4-苯并噻嗪-7-磺酰胺,C7H8ClN3O4S2)和我们最近设计的极性2-氨基吡啶氢氯噻嗪水(C7H8ClN3O4S2·C5H6N2·H2O) (II)。用单晶x射线衍射技术测定了两种材料的晶体结构。通过拓扑电子密度分析详细研究了(I)和(II)的分子间相互作用。结果表明,两种晶体结构的氢键都具有介于封闭壳层和共享壳层之间的特征。(I)中最重要的氢键是在磺酰胺基团之间形成的,而(II)中,水分子起着至关重要的作用,因为它们连接了2-氨基吡啶和氢氯噻嗪分子。光学性质的计算表明,这两种材料都表现出大的线性双折射,是方解石的两倍。理论预测(I)和(II)的二次谐波产生效率分别是KH2PO4的4倍和5倍。收集到的分子间相互作用和结构-性能相关性的信息用于确定未来设计这种新型功能材料的最佳策略。
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引用次数: 0
Strategic synthon approach in obtaining cocrystals and cocrystal polymorphs of a high-Z′ system deferiprone – an anti-thalassemia drug 获得抗地中海贫血药物高z′系统去铁蛋白共晶和共晶多晶的策略合成方法
Satyasree Rajendrakumar, Anuja Surampudi Venkata Sai Durga, S. Balasubramanian
Compounds with more than one molecule in the crystallographic asymmetric unit (Z′ > 1) display a noticeably stronger propensity to form cocrystals. Deferiprone is an anti-thalassemia drug known to exhibit polymorphic behaviour. Previously, three polymorphs were reported out of which one of them exhibited Z′ > 1. In the present manuscript, a fourth polymorph of deferiprone was identified and it also possessed Z′ > 1. All the four polymorphs showed similar hydrogen bonding features and differed in crystal packing. The ability of deferiprone to crystallize as Z′ > 1 prompted us to investigate the hydrogen bonding and synthon variation upon cocrystallization of deferiprone with hydroxyl-group-containing coformers such as catechol, hydroquinone, phloroglucinol, resorcinol and pyrogallol. Crystallization attempts along with PXRD analysis aided in obtaining 11 new cocrystal structures which involve different stoichiometric cocrystals and some polymorphs. Synthon analysis, crystal packing as well as thermal behaviour were assessed and compared. The presence of multiple phases in each cocrystal system in its respective bulk powders was identified and quantified using PXRD and Rietveld analysis. Homosynthons were observed in three co-crystal systems, while a heterosynthon was observed in five systems. The combination of both homo- and heterosynthon was observed in three cocrystal systems. The phase transformation events were observed in most of the systems. In nine co-crystal systems, the melting points were observed intermediate between those of the API and the coformers.
在晶体不对称单元(Z′> 1)中含有一个以上分子的化合物显示出明显更强的形成共晶的倾向。去铁素是一种抗地中海贫血药物,已知表现出多态性行为。先前报道了3个多态性,其中1个表现为Z ' > 1。在这篇论文中,我们发现了第四个去铁蛋白多态性,它也具有Z ' > 1。所有四种多晶都表现出相似的氢键特征,但晶体排列不同。去铁酮结晶为Z′> 1的能力促使我们研究了去铁酮与邻苯二酚、对苯二酚、间苯三酚、邻苯三酚等含羟基的共聚物共结晶时的氢键和合成变化。通过晶化和PXRD分析,获得了11种新的共晶结构,其中包括不同化学计量的共晶和一些多晶。对合成分析、晶体堆积以及热行为进行了评估和比较。利用PXRD和Rietveld分析,确定了每个共晶体系在各自的散装粉末中存在多相。在3个共晶体系中发现了同合子,在5个共晶体系中发现了异合子。在三种共晶体系中均观察到同种合子和异种合子的结合。在大多数体系中都观察到相变事件。在9个共晶体系中,其熔点介于原料药和共晶之间。
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引用次数: 1
On the transfer of theoretical multipole parameters for restoring static electron density and revealing and treating atomic anharmonic motion. Features of chemical bonding in crystals of an isocyanuric acid derivative 恢复静态电子密度和揭示和处理原子非简谐运动的理论多极参数的传递。异氰尿酸衍生物晶体中化学键的特征
S. A. Shteingolts, J. Voronina, L. Saifina, M. Shulaeva, V. Semenov, R. Fayzullin
The crystal and electronic structure of an isocyanuric acid derivative was studied by high-resolution single-crystal X-ray diffraction within the Hansen–Coppens multipole formalism. The observed deformation electron density shows signs of thermal smearing. The experimental picture meaningfully assigned to the consequences of unmodelled anharmonic atomic motion. Straightforward simultaneous refinement of all parameters, including Gram–Charlier coefficients, resulted in more significant distortion of apparent static electron density, even though the residual density became significantly flatter and more featureless. Further, the method of transferring multipole parameters from the model refined against theoretical structure factors as an initial guess was employed, followed by the subsequent block refinement of Gram–Charlier coefficients and the other parameters. This procedure allowed us to appropriately distinguish static electron density from the contaminant smearing effects of insufficiently accounted atomic motion. In particular, some covalent bonds and the weak π...π interaction between isocyanurate moieties were studied via the mutual penetration of atomic-like kinetic and electrostatic potential φ-basins with complementary atomic ρ-basins. Further, local electronic temperature was applied as an advanced descriptor for both covalent bonds and noncovalent interactions. Total probability density function (PDF) of nuclear displacement showed virtually no negative regions close to and around the atomic nuclei. The distribution of anharmonic PDF to a certain extent matched the residual electron density from the multipole model before anharmonic refinement. No signs of disordering of the sulfonyl group hidden in the modelled anharmonic motion were found in the PDF.
采用高分辨率单晶x射线衍射在Hansen-Coppens多极形式体系中研究了异氰尿酸衍生物的晶体结构和电子结构。观察到的变形电子密度显示出热涂抹的迹象。这幅实验图有意义地描述了未建模的非调和原子运动的结果。对包括Gram-Charlier系数在内的所有参数进行直接的同时细化,导致表观静态电子密度的畸变更为明显,尽管剩余密度变得更加平坦和无特征。在此基础上,采用基于理论结构因子的模型多极参数传递方法作为初始猜测,然后对Gram-Charlier系数和其他参数进行块化细化。这一过程使我们能够适当地区分静态电子密度和未充分考虑原子运动的污染物涂抹效应。特别是,一些共价键和弱π…通过类原子动电位和静电电位φ-盆与互补原子ρ-盆的相互渗透,研究了异氰脲酸酯基团之间的π相互作用。此外,局部电子温度被用作共价键和非共价键相互作用的高级描述符。核位移的总概率密度函数(PDF)显示原子核附近和周围几乎没有负区域。非调和PDF的分布在一定程度上与非调和改进前多极模型的剩余电子密度相匹配。在PDF中没有发现隐藏在模拟非调和运动中的磺酰基的无序迹象。
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引用次数: 2
Interpreting the different emissive properties of cyclic triimidazole-based CuI and AgI coordination polymers: a QTAIM and IQA study 环三咪唑基CuI和AgI配位聚合物的不同发射性质:QTAIM和IQA研究
A. Forni, E. Cariati, L. Carlucci, E. Lucenti, D. Marinotto, S. Pieraccini, M. Sironi
The different nature of the emissive states of AgI and CuI one- and three-dimensional coordination polymers is here explained by a higher covalent character of the Cu—N bond with respect to the Ag—N one.
AgI和CuI一维和三维配位聚合物发射态的不同性质可以用Cu-N键相对于Ag-N键更高的共价键来解释。
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引用次数: 2
Crystal structure of the high-P polymorph of Ca2B6O6(OH)10·2(H2O) (meyerhofferite) Ca2B6O6(OH)10·2(H2O) (meyerhoferite)高磷晶型的晶体结构
D. Comboni, T. Porȩba, F. Pagliaro, Tommaso Battiston, P. Lotti, G. Gatta, G. Garbarino, M. Hanfland
The crystal structure of the high-pressure polymorph of meyerhofferite, ideally Ca2B6O6(OH)10·2(H2O), has been determined by means of single-crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction data. Meyerhofferite undergoes a first-order isosymmetric phase transition to meyerhofferite-II, bracketed between 3.15 and 3.75 GPa, with a large volume discontinuity. The phase transition is marked by an increase in the coordination number of the boron B1 site, from III to IV, leading to a more interconnected and less compressible structure. The main structural differences between the two polymorphs and the P-induced deformation mechanisms at the atomic scale are discussed.
利用单晶同步x射线衍射数据测定了高压多晶meyerhoferite的晶体结构,理想情况下为Ca2B6O6(OH)10·2(H2O)。Meyerhofferite经历一阶等对称相变到Meyerhofferite - ii,介于3.15和3.75 GPa之间,具有较大的体积不连续。相变的标志是硼B1位点的配位数从III到IV的增加,导致更紧密的互连和更少的可压缩结构。讨论了两种晶型之间的主要结构差异以及原子尺度上p诱导的变形机制。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials
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