Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108184
Xinyi Wei , Huiling Zhou , Qiaoyi Zheng , Lei Ren , Niya Chen , Pengcheng Wang , Chang Liu
Background/Objective: This study examines the interplay between problematic internet gaming (PIG) and depressive symptoms among university students, specifically anhedonia and depressed mood. Prior studies lacked distinction between these symptoms and had limited follow-ups. Method: The three-wave longitudinal study analyzed data from 1,720 university students (with an average age of 20 years and 49 % being female) using a random intercept cross-lagged panel model, which distinguished between-person and within-person effects. Results: At the between-person level, PIG was positively associated with two depressive symptoms. At the within-person level, PIG positively predicted future anhedonia. Besides, depressed mood positively predicted future PIG. Conclusions: Our results have identified PIG as a risk factor for anhedonia and depressed mood as a risk factor for PIG among university students.
{"title":"Longitudinal Interactions between Problematic Internet Gaming and Symptoms of Depression Among University Students: Differentiating Anhedonia and Depressed Mood","authors":"Xinyi Wei , Huiling Zhou , Qiaoyi Zheng , Lei Ren , Niya Chen , Pengcheng Wang , Chang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Background/Objective: This study examines the interplay between problematic internet gaming (PIG) and depressive symptoms among university students, specifically anhedonia and depressed mood. Prior studies lacked distinction between these symptoms and had limited follow-ups. Method: The three-wave longitudinal study analyzed data from 1,720 university students (with an average age of 20 years and 49 % being female) using a random intercept cross-lagged panel model, which distinguished between-person and within-person effects. Results: At the between-person level, PIG was positively associated with two depressive symptoms. At the within-person level, PIG positively predicted future anhedonia. Besides, depressed mood positively predicted future PIG. Conclusions: Our results have identified PIG as a risk factor for anhedonia and depressed mood as a risk factor for PIG among university students.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7155,"journal":{"name":"Addictive behaviors","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 108184"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142407332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-30DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108183
Diana M. Doumas , Susan Esp , Rob Turrisi , Laura Bond , Shannon D. Glenn
Background
Among high school students, seniors report the highest levels of hazardous drinking behavior, including playing drinking games. Technology-based interventions are a promising approach for reducing hazardous drinking behavior among this age group. Objectives: This randomized controlled trial investigated the efficacy of the eCHECKUP TO GO, an online personalized feedback intervention, on reducing the frequency of playing drinking games, the number of drinks consumed while playing drinking games, and the number of drinks consumed on occasions when drinking games were played among high school seniors (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03613818). Method: Participants were recruited from two high schools. Class periods were randomized to the intervention condition or an assessment-only control condition. Participants completed online surveys at baseline, 30-day, and 6-month assessments. The subsample in this study (N = 109) consisted of high-risk drinkers (i.e., students reporting binge drinking in the past two weeks at baseline). Results: We did not find any significant differences in frequency of playing drinking games between the intervention and control conditions. For number of drinks consumed, students in the intervention condition reported a significant reduction in the number of drinks consumed while playing drinking games (p < 0.01) and total number of drinks consumed on drinking game occasions (p < 0.04) at the 30-day follow-up relative to students in the control condition. Reductions within the intervention group were sustained at the 6-month follow-up. Conclusions: Results support the efficacy of the eCHECKUP TO GO for decreasing hazardous alcohol use among high school seniors.
背景：在高中生中，高三学生报告的危险饮酒行为水平最高，包括玩饮酒游戏。基于技术的干预措施是减少该年龄段学生危险饮酒行为的有效方法：本随机对照试验调查了 eCHECKUP TO GO（一种在线个性化反馈干预措施）对减少高三学生玩饮酒游戏的频率、玩饮酒游戏时的饮酒量以及玩饮酒游戏时的饮酒量的效果（ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03613818）：方法：从两所高中招募参与者。每节课随机分配干预条件或仅评估的对照条件。参与者在基线、30 天和 6 个月评估时完成在线调查。本研究的子样本（N = 109）由高危饮酒者组成（即在基线时报告在过去两周内大量饮酒的学生）：我们没有发现干预组和对照组在玩饮酒游戏的频率上有任何明显差异。就饮酒数量而言，干预条件下的学生在玩饮酒游戏时的饮酒数量明显减少（p 结论：干预条件下的学生在玩饮酒游戏时的饮酒数量明显减少：研究结果支持 eCHECKUP TO GO 在减少高三学生危险饮酒方面的功效。
{"title":"A randomized controlled trial testing the efficacy of the eCHECKUP TO GO on drinking games participation and behavior among high school seniors","authors":"Diana M. Doumas , Susan Esp , Rob Turrisi , Laura Bond , Shannon D. Glenn","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Among high school students, seniors report the highest levels of hazardous drinking behavior, including playing drinking games. Technology-based interventions are a promising approach for reducing hazardous drinking behavior among this age group. <em>Objectives:</em> This randomized controlled trial investigated the efficacy of the eCHECKUP TO GO, an online personalized feedback intervention, on reducing the frequency of playing drinking games, the number of drinks consumed while playing drinking games, and the number of drinks consumed on occasions when drinking games were played among high school seniors (<span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> Identifier NCT03613818). <em>Method:</em> Participants were recruited from two high schools. Class periods were randomized to the intervention condition or an assessment-only control condition. Participants completed online surveys at baseline, 30-day, and 6-month assessments. The subsample in this study (<em>N</em> = 109) consisted of high-risk drinkers (i.e., students reporting binge drinking in the past two weeks at baseline). <em>Results:</em> We did not find any significant differences in frequency of playing drinking games between the intervention and control conditions. For number of drinks consumed, students in the intervention condition reported a significant reduction in the number of drinks consumed while playing drinking games (<em>p</em> < 0.01) and total number of drinks consumed on drinking game occasions (<em>p</em> < 0.04) at the 30-day follow-up relative to students in the control condition. Reductions within the intervention group were sustained at the 6-month follow-up. <em>Conclusions:</em> Results support the efficacy of the eCHECKUP TO GO for decreasing hazardous alcohol use among high school seniors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7155,"journal":{"name":"Addictive behaviors","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 108183"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142402218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-30DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108179
Judith J. Prochaska , Erin A. Vogel , Marily Oppezzo , Jordan Skan , Mariah Knox , Amy Chieng , Maria C. Crouch , Rachael C. Aikens , Matthew Schnellbaecher , Neal L. Benowitz
Objectives
Tobacco use disproportionately affects Alaska Native people. Physical activity may aid quitting smoking and provides health benefits. We tested telemedicine-delivered heart health interventions in Alaska’s Norton Sound region.
Methods
Alaska Native adults (N = 299, 51.5 % male, 60.5 % Inupiaq) with hypertension and/or hypercholesterolemia who smoked daily were randomized to intervention on smoking and physical activity (group 1) or traditional diet and medication adherence (group 2). Intention to change was not required for participation. Stage-tailored mailed workbooks and personalized reports were supported by telehealth counseling at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Study outcomes were assessed at baseline, 3-, 6-, 12-, and 18-months (i.e., 6-months after the final counseling session). Smoking outcomes were self-reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence (7d-PPA),1 bioconfirmed with urine anabasine; 24-hour quit attempts; and 50 % reduction in smoking. Self-reported physical activity outcomes were metabolic equivalent of task (MET) minutes and meeting moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) guidelines.
Results
At baseline, participants averaged 12.4 (SD = 10.0) cigarettes/day, with 19.4 % prepared to quit smoking, and 81.6 % meeting MVPA guidelines. During the study, most (70.2 % group 1; 63.5 % group 2) reported a 24-hr quit attempt (p = 0.219), and Group 1 (53.6 %) was more likely than Group 2 (28.4 %) to use nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), OR = 2.92, p < 0.001. At 18-months, 40.5 % (group 1) and 32.5 % (group 2) had reduced their smoking by half or more (p = 0.343), and 10.8 % vs. 7.9 % (group 1 vs. 2) reported 7d-PPA with 4 % vs. 6 % (group 1 vs. 2) bioconfirmed. Time and baseline stage of change predicted 7d-PPA (p’s≤.015), with no group effect (p = 0.325). Activity levels did not significantly differ by group or time.
Conclusions
Telemedicine counseling supported NRT use but did not significantly affect behavioral outcomes.
{"title":"A randomized controlled trial evaluation of a smoking cessation and physical activity intervention delivered via telemedicine in the Norton Sound region of Alaska","authors":"Judith J. Prochaska , Erin A. Vogel , Marily Oppezzo , Jordan Skan , Mariah Knox , Amy Chieng , Maria C. Crouch , Rachael C. Aikens , Matthew Schnellbaecher , Neal L. Benowitz","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Tobacco use disproportionately affects Alaska Native people. Physical activity may aid quitting smoking and provides health benefits. We tested telemedicine-delivered heart health interventions in Alaska’s Norton Sound region.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Alaska Native adults (N = 299, 51.5 % male, 60.5 % Inupiaq) with hypertension and/or hypercholesterolemia who smoked daily were randomized to intervention on smoking and physical activity (group 1) or traditional diet and medication adherence (group 2). Intention to change was not required for participation. Stage-tailored mailed workbooks and personalized reports were supported by telehealth counseling at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Study outcomes were assessed at baseline, 3-, 6-, 12-, and 18-months (i.e., 6-months after the final counseling session). Smoking outcomes were self-reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence (7d-PPA),<span><span><sup>1</sup></span></span> bioconfirmed with urine anabasine; 24-hour quit attempts; and 50 % reduction in smoking. Self-reported physical activity outcomes were metabolic equivalent of task (MET) minutes and meeting moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At baseline, participants averaged 12.4 (SD = 10.0) cigarettes/day, with 19.4 % prepared to quit smoking, and 81.6 % meeting MVPA guidelines. During the study, most (70.2 % group 1; 63.5 % group 2) reported a 24-hr quit attempt (p = 0.219), and Group 1 (53.6 %) was more likely than Group 2 (28.4 %) to use nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), OR = 2.92, p < 0.001. At 18-months, 40.5 % (group 1) and 32.5 % (group 2) had reduced their smoking by half or more (p = 0.343), and 10.8 % vs. 7.9 % (group 1 vs. 2) reported 7d-PPA with 4 % vs. 6 % (group 1 vs. 2) bioconfirmed. Time and baseline stage of change predicted 7d-PPA (p’s≤.015), with no group effect (p = 0.325). Activity levels did not significantly differ by group or time.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Telemedicine counseling supported NRT use but did not significantly affect behavioral outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7155,"journal":{"name":"Addictive behaviors","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 108179"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142334132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108167
Siyoung Choe , Jon Agley , Kit Elam , Aurelian Bidulescu , Dong-Chul Seo
Introduction
Increasing number of current cannabis users report using a vaporized form of cannabis and young adults are most likely to vape cannabis. However, the number of studies on cannabis vaping is limited, and predictors of cannabis vaping among U.S. young adults remain unclear. Previous studies on cannabis vaping have known limitations, as they (1) relied heavily on regression-based approaches that often fail to examine complex and non-linear interactive effects, (2) focused on examining cannabis vaping initiation but not on its use over multiple years, and (3) failed to account for recreational cannabis legalization (RCL) status.
Methods
This study was a secondary analysis of the restricted use files of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, Waves 4–6 (December 2016-November 2021). A two-stage machine learning approach, which included Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and Classification and Regression Tree (CART), was used to identify predictors of multi-year cannabis vaping while accounting for state-level RCL status among a representative sample of U.S. young adults.
Results
Stratified CART created a five-terminal-node prediction model for states with RCL (split by cannabis use, cigarette use, bullying behavior, and ethnicity) and a different five-terminal-node prediction model for states without RCL (split by cannabis use, heroin use, nicotine vaping, and hookah use).
Conclusions
Characteristics predicting multi-year cannabis vaping appear to differ from those of cannabis vaping initiation. Results also highlight the importance of accounting for RCL status because predictors of cannabis vaping may differ for individuals living in states with and without RCL.
{"title":"Identifying predictors of multi-year cannabis vaping in U.S. Young adults using machine learning","authors":"Siyoung Choe , Jon Agley , Kit Elam , Aurelian Bidulescu , Dong-Chul Seo","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Increasing number of current cannabis users report using a vaporized form of cannabis and young adults are most likely to vape cannabis. However, the number of studies on cannabis vaping is limited, and predictors of cannabis vaping among U.S. young adults remain unclear. Previous studies on cannabis vaping have known limitations, as they (1) relied heavily on regression-based approaches that often fail to examine complex and non-linear interactive effects, (2) focused on examining cannabis vaping initiation but not on its use over multiple years, and (3) failed to account for recreational cannabis legalization (RCL) status.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study was a secondary analysis of the restricted use files of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, Waves 4–6 (December 2016-November 2021). A two-stage machine learning approach, which included Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and Classification and Regression Tree (CART), was used to identify predictors of multi-year cannabis vaping while accounting for state-level RCL status among a representative sample of U.S. young adults.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Stratified CART created a five-terminal-node prediction model for states with RCL (split by cannabis use, cigarette use, bullying behavior, and ethnicity) and a different five-terminal-node prediction model for states without RCL (split by cannabis use, heroin use, nicotine vaping, and hookah use).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Characteristics predicting multi-year cannabis vaping appear to differ from those of cannabis vaping initiation. Results also highlight the importance of accounting for RCL status because predictors of cannabis vaping may differ for individuals living in states with and without RCL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7155,"journal":{"name":"Addictive behaviors","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 108167"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108178
Janet Audrain-McGovern , Olivia Klapec , E. Paul Wileyto , Andrew A. Strasser
Introduction
IQOS, a heated tobacco product (HTP), is among a growing number of noncombustible nicotine delivery alternatives marketed to people who smoke combustible cigarettes and are interested in less harmful alternatives. Little is known regarding whether IQOS use and IQOS-associated effects impact motivation to quit cigarette smoking.
Methods
Non-treatment-seeking adult daily smokers (n = 87) completed a within-subjects study consisting of a baseline ad-lib smoking period (days 1–5), two laboratory visits (days 6–7) involving IQOS exposure, and a two-week period where participants were instructed to switch from smoking cigarettes to using IQOS (days 8–21). Motivation to quit smoking was measured on days 1 and 22.
Results
A generalized linear model revealed a significant increase in motivation to quit smoking across the 14-day switch phase with an increase of 1.47 ladder steps (Δ=1.47, sd = 1.98, t(86) = 6.92, p < 0.0001), increasing from 5.30 to 6.80. Candidate predictors were identified through a stepwise selection procedure, which resulted in a final model with two predictors, the standardized HeatStick substitution rate (b = 0.54, (CI95% 0.13–0.95), p = 0.01) and standardized relative risk perception score (b = 0.45, (CI95% 0.04–0.85) p = 0.03),
Conclusions
Among those uninterested in quitting cigarette smoking within the next month, IQOS use was associated with increased motivation to quit. Motivation to quit smoking may not be a necessary prerequisite for promoting smoking behavior change but rather bolstered by smoking behavior change in the context of HTP use. Greater perceptions of risk reduction may ultimately aid the transition from combustible to noncombustible tobacco products.
{"title":"Shifts in motivation to quit cigarette smoking associated with IQOS use","authors":"Janet Audrain-McGovern , Olivia Klapec , E. Paul Wileyto , Andrew A. Strasser","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>IQOS, a heated tobacco product (HTP), is among a growing number of noncombustible nicotine delivery alternatives marketed to people who smoke combustible cigarettes and are interested in less harmful alternatives. Little is known regarding whether IQOS use and IQOS-associated effects impact motivation to quit cigarette smoking.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Non-treatment-seeking adult daily smokers (n = 87) completed a within-subjects study consisting of a baseline ad-lib smoking period (days 1–5), two laboratory visits (days 6–7) involving IQOS exposure, and a two-week period where participants were instructed to switch from smoking cigarettes to using IQOS (days 8–21). Motivation to quit smoking was measured on days 1 and 22.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A generalized linear model revealed a significant increase in motivation to quit smoking across the 14-day switch phase with an increase of 1.47 ladder steps (Δ=1.47, sd = 1.98, t(86) = 6.92, p < 0.0001), increasing from 5.30 to 6.80. Candidate predictors were identified through a stepwise selection procedure, which resulted in a final model with two predictors, the standardized HeatStick substitution rate (b = 0.54, (CI95% 0.13–0.95), p = 0.01) and standardized relative risk perception score (b = 0.45, (CI95% 0.04–0.85) p = 0.03),</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Among those uninterested in quitting cigarette smoking within the next month, IQOS use was associated with increased motivation to quit. Motivation to quit smoking may not be a necessary prerequisite for promoting smoking behavior change but rather bolstered by smoking behavior change in the context of HTP use. Greater perceptions of risk reduction may ultimately aid the transition from combustible to noncombustible tobacco products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7155,"journal":{"name":"Addictive behaviors","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 108178"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108180
Cassidy R. LoParco , Matthew E. Rossheim , Yuxian Cui , Darcey M. McCready , Katelyn F. Romm , Yan Wang , Y. Tony Yang , Patricia A. Cavazos-Rehg , Carla J. Berg
Aims
To characterize derived psychoactive cannabis product (DPCP) perceptions and use among US young adults.
Methods
We analyzed 2023 survey data among 4,031 young adults (ages 18–34), comprising ∼ 50 % reporting past-month cannabis use. Multivariable regressions examined sociodemographics, cannabis use, and DPCP risk perceptions in relation to: 1) past-month DPCP use (yes/no), 2) past-month number of DPCP use days, and 3) among those reporting no past-month DPCP use, future likelihood of DPCP use.
Results
In this sample (Mage = 26.3, 59.8 % female, 64.9 % White, 19.4 % Hispanic), DPCP awareness (67.5 %), lifetime use (41.7 %), and past-month use (24.4 %) differed by past-month cannabis use versus nonuse (87.0 % vs 48.8 %, 68.7 % vs 15.9 %, 45.6 % vs 4.2 %, respectively). Those aware learned about them mainly from friends/family (44.5 %) and believed DPCPs were required to be tested and approved to be safe (70.3 %) or were approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (59.0 %). Those who ever used DPCPs most often used delta-8 (69.7 %) and delta-9 (44.4 %) THC and for curiosity (55.5 %), belief of federal legality (34.1 %), and friends’ suggestion (34.0 %). Correlates of past-month DPCP use, using more frequently, and higher likelihood of future use were: lower DPCP perceived harm and higher perceived addictiveness. Living where non-medical cannabis was illegal, higher perceived social acceptability, being Black (vs. White), and past-month cannabis use were also correlated with past-month use (but not frequency) and future likelihood of use.
Conclusions
Efforts are needed to better understand DPCPs’ risks and correct consumer misperceptions. Relatedly, DPCP regulation, including marketing and distribution, is crucial.
{"title":"Derived psychoactive cannabis product perceptions and use among a sample of US young adults","authors":"Cassidy R. LoParco , Matthew E. Rossheim , Yuxian Cui , Darcey M. McCready , Katelyn F. Romm , Yan Wang , Y. Tony Yang , Patricia A. Cavazos-Rehg , Carla J. Berg","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>To characterize derived psychoactive cannabis product (DPCP) perceptions and use among US young adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed 2023 survey data among 4,031 young adults (ages 18–34), comprising ∼ 50 % reporting past-month cannabis use. Multivariable regressions examined sociodemographics, cannabis use, and DPCP risk perceptions in relation to: 1) past-month DPCP use (yes/no), 2) past-month number of DPCP use days, and 3) among those reporting no past-month DPCP use, future likelihood of DPCP use.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In this sample (M<sub>age</sub> = 26.3, 59.8 % female, 64.9 % White, 19.4 % Hispanic), DPCP awareness (67.5 %), lifetime use (41.7 %), and past-month use (24.4 %) differed by past-month cannabis use versus nonuse (87.0 % vs 48.8 %, 68.7 % vs 15.9 %, 45.6 % vs 4.2 %, respectively). Those aware learned about them mainly from friends/family (44.5 %) and believed DPCPs were required to be tested and approved to be safe (70.3 %) or were approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (59.0 %). Those who ever used DPCPs most often used delta-8 (69.7 %) and delta-9 (44.4 %) THC and for curiosity (55.5 %), belief of federal legality (34.1 %), and friends’ suggestion (34.0 %). Correlates of past-month DPCP use, using more frequently, and higher likelihood of future use were: lower DPCP perceived harm and higher perceived addictiveness. Living where non-medical cannabis was illegal, higher perceived social acceptability, being Black (vs. White), and past-month cannabis use were also correlated with past-month use (but not frequency) and future likelihood of use.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Efforts are needed to better understand DPCPs’ risks and correct consumer misperceptions. Relatedly, DPCP regulation, including marketing and distribution, is crucial.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7155,"journal":{"name":"Addictive behaviors","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 108180"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108181
Terri Voepel-Lewis, Sarah A. Stoddard, Robert J. Ploutz-Snyder, Bingxin Chen, Carol J. Boyd
Background
Adolescent substance use (SU) is often motivated by a desire to alleviate undesirable symptoms. To test the self-medication hypothesis, we examined associations between comorbid psychologic and somatic symptom trajectories across early adolescence and early onset SU.
Methods
Using Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study® data, we differentiated youth who reported no SU at baseline based on their comorbid anxiety, depression, pain, somatic and somnolence symptom trajectories. The outcome, early onset SU (by age 13–14 years) was derived from self-reported alcohol (≥full drink), tobacco (full regular/e-cigarette), marijuana, or other drug use over 5 years.
Results
8311 participants were classified with Asymptomatic (27.8 %), Low/stable (39 %), Moderate/persistent (25.3 %) or High/worsening trajectories (7.9 %) from age 9.97 ± 0.74 to 13.57 ± 0.88 years. Early onset SU was 56 % higher for Moderate-High compared to Asymptomatic-Low symptom trajectory groups (12.5 % vs. 8.5 %; OR 1.56 [95 % CI 1.33, 1.79]). Adjusted for covariates, the High/worsening group was more likely than the Asymptomatic group to report use of any substance (adj.OR 2.13 [95 % CI 1.40, 3.25], Alcohol (adj.OR 2.80 [95 % CI 1.56, 5.02]), Tobacco (adj.OR 2.09 [95 % CI 1.23, 3.55]), and Marijuana (adj.OR 2.33 [95 % CI 1.36, 3.99]). Longitudinal, time-lagged analyses revealed potential feedback effects of earlier depression on subsequent SU, and earlier SU on later depression (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Higher comorbid symptom trajectories emerging in late childhood increased the likelihood of early onset SU. Since negative feedback loops may contribute to symptom persistency, ongoing and potentially harmful SU for at-risk youth, addressing comorbid symptoms that emerge during late childhood is warranted.
背景青少年使用药物（SU）的动机通常是为了缓解不良症状。为了验证自我药疗假说，我们研究了青春期早期合并心理和躯体症状轨迹与早期发病 SU 之间的关联。方法利用青少年大脑认知发展研究®的数据，我们根据合并焦虑、抑郁、疼痛、躯体和嗜睡症状轨迹对基线时未报告 SU 的青少年进行了区分。结果831名参与者在9.97 ± 0.74岁至13.57 ± 0.88岁期间的症状轨迹分为无症状（27.8%）、低度/稳定（39%）、中度/持续（25.3%）或高度/恶化（7.9%）。中度-高度症状轨迹组比无症状-低症状轨迹组的早发 SU 高 56%（12.5% 对 8.5%；OR 1.56 [95 % CI 1.33，1.79]）。经协变量调整后，高度/恶化组比无症状组更有可能报告使用任何物质（adj.OR 2.13 [95 % CI 1.40, 3.25]）、酒精（adj.OR 2.80 [95 % CI 1.56, 5.02]）、烟草（adj.OR 2.09 [95 % CI 1.23, 3.55]）和大麻（adj.OR 2.33 [95 % CI 1.36, 3.99]）。纵向时滞分析显示，早期抑郁症对随后的 SU 有潜在的反馈作用，而早期 SU 对后来的抑郁症有潜在的反馈作用（p < 0.001）。由于负反馈循环可能会导致症状持续存在，对高危青少年造成持续和潜在的危害，因此有必要解决儿童晚期出现的合并症状。
{"title":"Effect of comorbid psychologic and somatic symptom trajectories on early onset substance use among U.S. youth in the ABCD study","authors":"Terri Voepel-Lewis, Sarah A. Stoddard, Robert J. Ploutz-Snyder, Bingxin Chen, Carol J. Boyd","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adolescent substance use (SU) is often motivated by a desire to alleviate undesirable symptoms. To test the self-medication hypothesis, we examined associations between comorbid psychologic and somatic symptom trajectories across early adolescence and early onset SU.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study® data, we differentiated youth who reported no SU at baseline based on their comorbid anxiety, depression, pain, somatic and somnolence symptom trajectories. The outcome, early onset SU (by age 13–14 years) was derived from self-reported alcohol (≥full drink), tobacco (full regular/e-cigarette), marijuana, or other drug use over 5 years.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>8311 participants were classified with Asymptomatic (27.8 %), Low/stable (39 %), Moderate/persistent (25.3 %) or High/worsening trajectories (7.9 %) from age 9.97 ± 0.74 to 13.57 ± 0.88 years. Early onset SU was 56 % higher for Moderate-High compared to Asymptomatic-Low symptom trajectory groups (12.5 % vs. 8.5 %; OR 1.56 [95 % CI 1.33, 1.79]). Adjusted for covariates, the High/worsening group was more likely than the Asymptomatic group to report use of any substance (adj.OR 2.13 [95 % CI 1.40, 3.25], Alcohol (adj.OR 2.80 [95 % CI 1.56, 5.02]), Tobacco (adj.OR 2.09 [95 % CI 1.23, 3.55]), and Marijuana (adj.OR 2.33 [95 % CI 1.36, 3.99]). Longitudinal, time-lagged analyses revealed potential feedback effects of earlier depression on subsequent SU, and earlier SU on later depression (p < 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Higher comorbid symptom trajectories emerging in late childhood increased the likelihood of early onset SU. Since negative feedback loops may contribute to symptom persistency, ongoing and potentially harmful SU for at-risk youth, addressing comorbid symptoms that emerge during late childhood is warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7155,"journal":{"name":"Addictive behaviors","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 108181"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gambling is connected to a range of harms and negative consequences. Gambling is also evolving at a fast pace, particularly in digital environments. Understanding the effects of this on-going change and digitalisation of gambling markets requires systematic measuring of gambling consumption patterns, clinical characteristics, and gambling-related harms.
The current study compares two cohorts of help-seekers for gambling in Sweden (2019; 2023), recruited via the Swedish national helpline. The aim is to assess harms and consumption across the two cohorts at a time of increased offer of digital gambling in Sweden. We used eight different screens to measure gambling-related behaviours and consequences, including the Gambling Disorder Identification Test (GDIT). Results were analysed using descriptive statistics, and differences across the two cohorts were tested for statistical significance.
The results show that across 2019–2023, gambling consumption has intensified. Online EGMs are by far the most prevalent form of gambling among help-seekers. We also found that the experience of co-morbidities as well as most gambling-related harms were common in both cohorts, with some statistically significant increases in 2023. Harms were more commonly experienced amongst those who engaged in online EGM gambling in comparison to those who did not.
The results suggest that the digitalisation of gambling and gambling products appears to be associated with a variety of harmful consequences. The results also show the importance of systematic and comprehensive measurement to capture different severity levels of harms and their wide range amongst those who gamble.
{"title":"Digitalisation of gambling harm? Gambling consumption, negative consequences, and clinical characteristics among Swedish help-seekers","authors":"Håkan Wall , Virve Marionneau , Helena Lindqvist , Olof Molander","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gambling is connected to a range of harms and negative consequences. Gambling is also evolving at a fast pace, particularly in digital environments. Understanding the effects of this on-going change and digitalisation of gambling markets requires systematic measuring of gambling consumption patterns, clinical characteristics, and gambling-related harms.</div><div>The current study compares two cohorts of help-seekers for gambling in Sweden (2019; 2023), recruited via the Swedish national helpline. The aim is to assess harms and consumption across the two cohorts at a time of increased offer of digital gambling in Sweden. We used eight different screens to measure gambling-related behaviours and consequences, including the Gambling Disorder Identification Test (GDIT). Results were analysed using descriptive statistics, and differences across the two cohorts were tested for statistical significance.</div><div>The results show that across 2019–2023, gambling consumption has intensified. Online EGMs are by far the most prevalent form of gambling among help-seekers. We also found that the experience of co-morbidities as well as most gambling-related harms were common in both cohorts, with some statistically significant increases in 2023. Harms were more commonly experienced amongst those who engaged in online EGM gambling in comparison to those who did not.</div><div>The results suggest that the digitalisation of gambling and gambling products appears to be associated with a variety of harmful consequences. The results also show the importance of systematic and comprehensive measurement to capture different severity levels of harms and their wide range amongst those who gamble.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7155,"journal":{"name":"Addictive behaviors","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 108182"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the relationship between ADHD symptom severity, metacognition, problematic social media use, and cyberbullying/cybervictimization in treatment-naïve adolescents. Understanding these relationships is vital for enhancing ADHD intervention strategies. Using a cross-sectional design, 97 adolescents meeting DSM-5 criteria for ADHD without any comorbidity and 97 healthy controls were assessed. Measures included the Metacognitions Questionnaire for Children, Social Media Disorder Scale, Revised Cyberbullying Inventory-II, and Revised Conners’ Parent Rating Scale-Short. The comparisons were performed with independent samples’ t tests and the associations were estimated by using Pearson’s bivariate correlations and multiple regression analyses. Results revealed that adolescents with ADHD exhibited higher levels of dysfunctional metacognitions, problematic social media use, cyberbullying, and cybervictimization compared to controls. Regression analysis showed significant positive associations between ADHD symptoms, specific metacognitions (e.g., positive meta-worry, cognitive monitoring), and problematic social media use. This study, the first of its kind among treatment-naïve ADHD adolescents, provides valuable insights into the relationship between ADHD symptoms and particular metacognitions (i.e. positive meta-worry, cognitive monitoring) and problematic social media use. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of ADHD in adolescence and may inform the development of targeted prevention and treatment strategies, particularly relevant given adolescents’ susceptibility to social media’s influence and their potential for cognitive flexibility in rehabilitation contexts.
本研究调查了未经治疗的青少年多动症症状严重程度、元认知、社交媒体使用问题和网络欺凌/网络伤害之间的关系。了解这些关系对于加强多动症干预策略至关重要。研究采用横断面设计，对97名符合DSM-5多动症标准且无任何合并症的青少年和97名健康对照者进行了评估。测量项目包括儿童元认知问卷、社交媒体障碍量表、修订版网络欺凌清单-II和修订版康纳斯家长评分量表-短版。比较采用独立样本 t 检验，相关性估计采用皮尔逊双变量相关性和多元回归分析。结果显示，与对照组相比，患有多动症的青少年表现出更高水平的功能失调元认知、社交媒体使用问题、网络欺凌和网络伤害。回归分析表明，多动症症状、特定元认知（如积极元烦恼、认知监控）和问题社交媒体使用之间存在明显的正相关。这项研究是首次在未接受治疗的多动症青少年中开展的同类研究，为了解多动症症状与特定元认知（即积极元烦恼、认知监控）和问题社交媒体使用之间的关系提供了宝贵的见解。这些发现有助于加深对青少年多动症的理解，并为制定有针对性的预防和治疗策略提供信息，尤其是考虑到青少年易受社交媒体的影响，以及他们在康复环境中认知灵活性的潜力。
{"title":"Exploring the associations between symptom severity, metacognition, problematic social media use and cyberbullying in treatment naïve adolescents with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder","authors":"Yekta Özkan , Masum Öztürk , Selma Tvrtkovic , Orkun Aydın , Pınar Ünal-Aydın","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the relationship between ADHD symptom severity, metacognition, problematic social media use, and cyberbullying/cybervictimization in treatment-naïve adolescents. Understanding these relationships is vital for enhancing ADHD intervention strategies. Using a cross-sectional design, 97 adolescents meeting DSM-5 criteria for ADHD without any comorbidity and 97 healthy controls were assessed. Measures included the Metacognitions Questionnaire for Children, Social Media Disorder Scale, Revised Cyberbullying Inventory-II, and Revised Conners’ Parent Rating Scale-Short. The comparisons were performed with independent samples’ t tests and the associations were estimated by using Pearson’s bivariate correlations and multiple regression analyses. Results revealed that adolescents with ADHD exhibited higher levels of dysfunctional metacognitions, problematic social media use, cyberbullying, and cybervictimization compared to controls. Regression analysis showed significant positive associations between ADHD symptoms, specific metacognitions (e.g., positive meta-worry, cognitive monitoring), and problematic social media use. This study, the first of its kind among treatment-naïve ADHD adolescents, provides valuable insights into the relationship between ADHD symptoms and particular metacognitions (i.e. positive meta-worry, cognitive monitoring) and problematic social media use. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of ADHD in adolescence and may inform the development of targeted prevention and treatment strategies, particularly relevant given adolescents’ susceptibility to social media’s influence and their potential for cognitive flexibility in rehabilitation contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7155,"journal":{"name":"Addictive behaviors","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 108169"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142334141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-24DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108177
David S. Black , John P.A. Ioannidis , Choo Phei Wee , Matthew G. Kirkpatrick
Some interventions for smoking cessation such as quit smoking aids show sex-specific effects on outcomes, but behavioral interventions such as mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) for smoking cessation lack formal reporting of sex-intervention tests of interaction to date. To address this gap, we conducted a secondary analysis of a RCT dataset (N = 213), recruiting participants from California, to statistically test a sex-intervention interaction effect on complete 7-day point prevalence abstinence (PPA), proportion of days abstinent, and daily cigarettes smoked. Smoking was assessed using the timeline follow back method spanning the four weeks following a daily 14-day app-based intervention and a planned smoking quit date immediately following the intervention phase. All models adjusted for baseline nicotine dependence. The study groups had comparable sex proportions (MBI: 56 % female; control: 55 % female) and the ratio of outcome assessment completion by group was not dependent on sex. Adjusted analyses revealed a significant sex-intervention interaction effect for daily cigarettes smoked ([female coded 1]: two-way interaction effect IRR = 0.59, 95 % CI: 0.46–0.77, p < 0.0001; effect for female: IRR = 0.68, 95 % CI: 0.57–0.81, effect for male: IRR = 1.14, 95 % CI: 0.95–1.37), but not for complete 7-day PPA ([female coded 1] two-way interaction effect OR = 1.24, 95 % CI: 0.31–4.89, p = 0.76) or proportion of total days abstinent ([female coded 1] two-way interaction effect OR = 1.97, 95 % CI: 0.53–7.37, p = 0.31). Females, but not males, allocated to a daily app-based MBI with a quit plan and quit aid workbook smoked fewer cigarettes per day compared to females in the control group. Males, but not females, showed significantly less use of the MBI app compared to the control app.
{"title":"Sex differences in cigarette smoking following a mindfulness-based cessation randomized controlled trial","authors":"David S. Black , John P.A. Ioannidis , Choo Phei Wee , Matthew G. Kirkpatrick","doi":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Some interventions for smoking cessation such as quit smoking aids show sex-specific effects on outcomes, but behavioral interventions such as mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) for smoking cessation lack formal reporting of sex-intervention tests of interaction to date. To address this gap, we conducted a secondary analysis of a RCT dataset (N = 213), recruiting participants from California, to statistically test a sex-intervention interaction effect on complete 7-day point prevalence abstinence (PPA), proportion of days abstinent, and daily cigarettes smoked. Smoking was assessed using the timeline follow back method spanning the four weeks following a daily 14-day app-based intervention and a planned smoking quit date immediately following the intervention phase. All models adjusted for baseline nicotine dependence. The study groups had comparable sex proportions (MBI: 56 % female; control: 55 % female) and the ratio of outcome assessment completion by group was not dependent on sex. Adjusted analyses revealed a significant sex-intervention interaction effect for daily cigarettes smoked ([female coded 1]: two-way interaction effect IRR = 0.59, 95 % CI: 0.46–0.77, p < 0.0001; effect for female: IRR = 0.68, 95 % CI: 0.57–0.81, effect for male: IRR = 1.14, 95 % CI: 0.95–1.37), but not for complete 7-day PPA ([female coded 1] two-way interaction effect OR = 1.24, 95 % CI: 0.31–4.89, p = 0.76) or proportion of total days abstinent ([female coded 1] two-way interaction effect OR = 1.97, 95 % CI: 0.53–7.37, p = 0.31). Females, but not males, allocated to a daily app-based MBI with a quit plan and quit aid workbook smoked fewer cigarettes per day compared to females in the control group. Males, but not females, showed significantly less use of the MBI app compared to the control app.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7155,"journal":{"name":"Addictive behaviors","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 108177"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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