This study aimed to diagnose Sarcina ventriculi in lambs with haemorrhagic abomasitis using histopathological and real-time PCR methods. The material used in this study consisted of 43 abomasum tissues recovered from lambs presenting bleeding, ulcer, gas or a combination of these in the abomasum, that were brought for necropsy to the Department of Pathology of the Veterinary Faculty, Selcuk University. The recovered samples were stored in a 10% formaldehyde solution for histopathological examinations and in Eppendorf tubes at −20 °C for PCR examinations. All the samples were analyzed by histopathological and PCR methods. While S. ventriculi pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) amplicon was determined by real-time PCR in 17 cases, the packaged form of Sarcina-like bacteria was found microscopically in 3 cases only. In this study, the diagnosis of S. ventriculi in cases of lambs presenting bleeding, ulcers and gas in the abomasum or haemorrhagic abomasitis simultaneously at the necropsy was performed using histopathological and real-time PCR methods; in parallel, the real-time PCR method for the diagnosis of S. ventriculi-derived haemorrhagic abomasitis in lambs was also optimized.
{"title":"Diagnosis of Sarcina ventriculi-derived haemorrhagic abomasitis in lambs by histopathology and real-time PCR","authors":"M. Tuzcu, N. Tuzcu, G. Akçakavak, Zeynep Celik","doi":"10.2754/avb202291030227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202291030227","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to diagnose Sarcina ventriculi in lambs with haemorrhagic abomasitis using histopathological and real-time PCR methods. The material used in this study consisted of 43 abomasum tissues recovered from lambs presenting bleeding, ulcer, gas or a combination of these in the abomasum, that were brought for necropsy to the Department of Pathology of the Veterinary Faculty, Selcuk University. The recovered samples were stored in a 10% formaldehyde solution for histopathological examinations and in Eppendorf tubes at −20 °C for PCR examinations. All the samples were analyzed by histopathological and PCR methods. While S. ventriculi pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) amplicon was determined by real-time PCR in 17 cases, the packaged form of Sarcina-like bacteria was found microscopically in 3 cases only. In this study, the diagnosis of S. ventriculi in cases of lambs presenting bleeding, ulcers and gas in the abomasum or haemorrhagic abomasitis simultaneously at the necropsy was performed using histopathological and real-time PCR methods; in parallel, the real-time PCR method for the diagnosis of S. ventriculi-derived haemorrhagic abomasitis in lambs was also optimized.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69208456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Pashchenko, Simona Stuchlíková, L. Varvařovská, P. Firment, Laura Staňková, A. Nečasová, Z. Filipejová, Lucie Urbanova, T. Jarošíková, A. Nečas, E. Amler
Biosensors are dynamically developing analytical devices for the detection of substrates or other bioactive substances. They can be used for quick gas or liquid analyses and the construction of sensitive detection systems. This review highlights the advances and development of biosensors suitable for human and veterinary medicine and, namely, a novel contribution of nanotechnology for ultrasensitive diagnosis and personalized medicine. The synergic effect of nanotechnology and biosensors opens a new dimension for effective treatment and disease detection at their early stages.
{"title":"Smart nanofibres for specific and ultrasensitive nanobiosensors and drug delivery systems","authors":"A. Pashchenko, Simona Stuchlíková, L. Varvařovská, P. Firment, Laura Staňková, A. Nečasová, Z. Filipejová, Lucie Urbanova, T. Jarošíková, A. Nečas, E. Amler","doi":"10.2754/avb202291020163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202291020163","url":null,"abstract":"Biosensors are dynamically developing analytical devices for the detection of substrates or other bioactive substances. They can be used for quick gas or liquid analyses and the construction of sensitive detection systems. This review highlights the advances and development of biosensors suitable for human and veterinary medicine and, namely, a novel contribution of nanotechnology for ultrasensitive diagnosis and personalized medicine. The synergic effect of nanotechnology and biosensors opens a new dimension for effective treatment and disease detection at their early stages.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69208493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Vernerová, N. Dvořáková, V. Svobodová, J. Bureš
Dogs are hosts of parasites with different pathogenicities and zoonotic risks. The aim of our study was to assess factors that could affect the occurrence of endoparasitic infections in dogs using questionnaires for owners and examining canine faeces. Based on the responses of dog owners, we evaluated ways of the preventive and therapeutic use of antiparasitic drugs. One faecal sample was obtained from each dog (391 samples total), and then examined by flotation, larvoscopic, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. We focused on zoonotic tapeworms Echinococcus multilocularis and Taenia crassiceps. The answers in the dog owners’ questionnaires showed that owners most often dewormed their dogs irregularly (96.4%), namely, twice a year (24.3%). In coprological examinations the following parasites were detected: Giardia spp., Cystoisospora ohioensis complex, Neospora caninum/Hammondia heydorni, Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, Capillaria spp., Trichuris spp., Angiostrongylus vasorum, Crenosoma vulpis, Ancylostoma spp. and Taenia spp. A total of 4 out of 391 PCR investigated samples of faeces were positive for DNA of Taenia species. Sequences were obtained for 3 of them, confirming 100% identity with T. crassiceps. The zoonotic helminths Toxocara canis were the more prevalent species (9.3%, 4.3%, 1.9% group A, B, C). We consider the presence of T. crassiceps in 3 dog faecal samples to be serious due to its zoonotic potential. Data collected within this study showed that the prevention against endoparasites carried out at the breeders’ discretion is insufficient to ensure the health of their dogs or to cover the risk of zoonotic transmission.
{"title":"Factors affecting the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites and lungworm in dogs and assessment of antiparasitic drug use patterns","authors":"E. Vernerová, N. Dvořáková, V. Svobodová, J. Bureš","doi":"10.2754/avb202291020171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202291020171","url":null,"abstract":"Dogs are hosts of parasites with different pathogenicities and zoonotic risks. The aim of our study was to assess factors that could affect the occurrence of endoparasitic infections in dogs using questionnaires for owners and examining canine faeces. Based on the responses of dog owners, we evaluated ways of the preventive and therapeutic use of antiparasitic drugs. One faecal sample was obtained from each dog (391 samples total), and then examined by flotation, larvoscopic, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. We focused on zoonotic tapeworms Echinococcus multilocularis and Taenia crassiceps. The answers in the dog owners’ questionnaires showed that owners most often dewormed their dogs irregularly (96.4%), namely, twice a year (24.3%). In coprological examinations the following parasites were detected: Giardia spp., Cystoisospora ohioensis complex, Neospora caninum/Hammondia heydorni, Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, Capillaria spp., Trichuris spp., Angiostrongylus vasorum, Crenosoma vulpis, Ancylostoma spp. and Taenia spp. A total of 4 out of 391 PCR investigated samples of faeces were positive for DNA of Taenia species. Sequences were obtained for 3 of them, confirming 100% identity with T. crassiceps. The zoonotic helminths Toxocara canis were the more prevalent species (9.3%, 4.3%, 1.9% group A, B, C). We consider the presence of T. crassiceps in 3 dog faecal samples to be serious due to its zoonotic potential. Data collected within this study showed that the prevention against endoparasites carried out at the breeders’ discretion is insufficient to ensure the health of their dogs or to cover the risk of zoonotic transmission.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69208619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tereza Popelková, Michaela Němečková, Zuzana Tšponová, V. Pištěková
A variety of stressful situations commonly occur on dairy farms which can impair the well-being of the animals. The aim of this study was to analyse the concentration of cortisol in the saliva of dairy goats and on the basis thereof to determine the degree of stress experienced by them in relation to selected situations on farms. The following situations were selected as stressful: first visit to the milking parlour; weaning off; loading and transport; deworming; and the disruption of social hierarchy. We examined 344 samples from 100 animals using cotton swabs for the saliva collection. Commercially available ELISA kits (Cortisol EIA Kit, BosterBio, California, USA) which can detect cortisol in the saliva of all animal species, were used for the analysis. During the first visit to the milking parlour, weaning off, deworming and disruption of social hierarchy there was a significant (P < 0.05) increase in cortisol concentrations compared to the basal values. For loading and transport there was a highly significant (P < 0.01) increase in cortisol concentrations compared to the basal values. Although these situations are inevitable on farms, efforts should be made to eliminate them as much as possible due to the stress the animals experience in them.
{"title":"Factors influencing the welfare of dairy goats","authors":"Tereza Popelková, Michaela Němečková, Zuzana Tšponová, V. Pištěková","doi":"10.2754/avb202291040333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202291040333","url":null,"abstract":"A variety of stressful situations commonly occur on dairy farms which can impair the well-being of the animals. The aim of this study was to analyse the concentration of cortisol in the saliva of dairy goats and on the basis thereof to determine the degree of stress experienced by them in relation to selected situations on farms. The following situations were selected as stressful: first visit to the milking parlour; weaning off; loading and transport; deworming; and the disruption of social hierarchy. We examined 344 samples from 100 animals using cotton swabs for the saliva collection. Commercially available ELISA kits (Cortisol EIA Kit, BosterBio, California, USA) which can detect cortisol in the saliva of all animal species, were used for the analysis. During the first visit to the milking parlour, weaning off, deworming and disruption of social hierarchy there was a significant (P < 0.05) increase in cortisol concentrations compared to the basal values. For loading and transport there was a highly significant (P < 0.01) increase in cortisol concentrations compared to the basal values. Although these situations are inevitable on farms, efforts should be made to eliminate them as much as possible due to the stress the animals experience in them.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69208768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Šenk, Aneta Papoušková, M. Masarikova, Jana Palkovičová, A. Čížek
Avian colibacillosis is one of the main causes of economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. Vaccination could help to prevent infection during the laying period on broiler breeder farms. Effective vaccination against avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) may be an essential step for protection of poultry flocks depending on the region where they are raised. The aim of this study was to investigate the additive protective effect of an autogenous E. coli vaccine in broiler breeders pre-vaccinated with a licensed E. coli vaccine (Poulvac®). Our field study was partially blinded and parallel group designed. Group 1 included 24 000 laying hens vaccinated by Poulvac®. Group 2 comprised 12 000 laying hens vaccinated by Poulvac® and additionally, by an autogenous E. coli vaccine via intramuscular application before transfer. The effectiveness of vaccination in both groups was evaluated according to the results of gross pathology, bacteriology (isolation and characterization of E. coli) and utility indicators. Based on the pathology, the occurrence of E. coli polyserositis syndrome (EPS), salpingoperitonitis syndrom (SPS), and haemorrhagic septicaemia was decreased in Group 2 compared to Group 1. The difference in the occurrence of EPS (P < 0.001) and SPS (P = 0.0342) was significant. The proportion of serotype O78 among E. coli isolated from Group 1 and Group 2 was also significant (P = 0.0178). The effective and multi-serotype vaccination program in order to expand heterologous protection of laying hens and combination of commercial and autogenous vaccines seems to be a promising preventive management tool.
{"title":"Impact of commercial and autogenous Escherichia coli vaccine combination on broiler breeder stock performance, gross pathology, and diversity of Escherichia coli isolates","authors":"D. Šenk, Aneta Papoušková, M. Masarikova, Jana Palkovičová, A. Čížek","doi":"10.2754/avb202291040383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202291040383","url":null,"abstract":"Avian colibacillosis is one of the main causes of economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. Vaccination could help to prevent infection during the laying period on broiler breeder farms. Effective vaccination against avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) may be an essential step for protection of poultry flocks depending on the region where they are raised. The aim of this study was to investigate the additive protective effect of an autogenous E. coli vaccine in broiler breeders pre-vaccinated with a licensed E. coli vaccine (Poulvac®). Our field study was partially blinded and parallel group designed. Group 1 included 24 000 laying hens vaccinated by Poulvac®. Group 2 comprised 12 000 laying hens vaccinated by Poulvac® and additionally, by an autogenous E. coli vaccine via intramuscular application before transfer. The effectiveness of vaccination in both groups was evaluated according to the results of gross pathology, bacteriology (isolation and characterization of E. coli) and utility indicators. Based on the pathology, the occurrence of E. coli polyserositis syndrome (EPS), salpingoperitonitis syndrom (SPS), and haemorrhagic septicaemia was decreased in Group 2 compared to Group 1. The difference in the occurrence of EPS (P < 0.001) and SPS (P = 0.0342) was significant. The proportion of serotype O78 among E. coli isolated from Group 1 and Group 2 was also significant (P = 0.0178). The effective and multi-serotype vaccination program in order to expand heterologous protection of laying hens and combination of commercial and autogenous vaccines seems to be a promising preventive management tool.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69209665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Severe spinal cord injury (SCI) resulting in permanent sensory-motor and autonomic dysfunction caudal to a damaged spinal cord (SC) segment is a catastrophic event in human as well as in veterinary medicine. The situation of paraplegic/tetraplegic people or animals is further impaired by serious complications and often displays an image of permanent suffering. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has shown neuroprotective capacity in numerous experimental and several clinical studies or case reports. Hence, the method draws increasing attention of neuroscientists as well as health care workers. While systemic TH is a too complex procedure for veterinary practice, local application of TH with a reduced risk of the whole body temperature fluctuations and minimal side effects can become one of the therapeutic tools considered in the treatment of acute traumatic SCIs in bigger animals, especially when surgical decompression of spinal medulla and vertebral column reconstruction is indicated. Still, additional large prospective randomized studies are essential for the standardization of therapeutic protocols and the introduction of the method into therapeutic armamentarium in canine and feline spinal traumatology. The research strategy involved a PubMed, MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), and ISI Web of Science search from January 2000 to July 2021 using the terms “canine and feline spinal cord injuryˮ, “hypothermiaˮ, and “targeted temperature managementˮ in the English language literature; also references from selected studies were scanned and relevant articles included.
严重脊髓损伤(SCI)导致永久性的感觉运动和自主神经功能障碍，是人类和兽医学中的灾难性事件。截瘫/四肢瘫痪的人或动物的情况因严重并发症而进一步受损，并经常显示出永久痛苦的形象。治疗性低温(TH)在许多实验和一些临床研究或病例报告中显示出神经保护能力。因此，这种方法越来越受到神经科学家和卫生保健工作者的关注。对于兽医实践来说，全身TH是一个过于复杂的过程，局部应用TH可以降低全身温度波动的风险，并且副作用最小，可以成为治疗大型动物急性创伤性SCIs的治疗工具之一，特别是当需要进行脊髓减压和脊柱重建手术时。尽管如此，额外的大型前瞻性随机研究对于治疗方案的标准化和将该方法引入犬和猫脊柱创伤学的治疗设备是必不可少的。研究策略包括2000年1月至2021年7月在PubMed, MEDLINE (Ovid)， EMBASE (Ovid)和ISI Web of Science检索英语文献中的术语“犬和猫脊髓损伤”，“低温症”和“靶向温度管理”;还扫描了选定研究的参考文献并纳入了相关文章。
{"title":"Hypothermia as a potential remedy for canine and feline acute spinal cord injury: a review","authors":"I. Šulla, S. Horňák, V. Balik","doi":"10.2754/avb202291020189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202291020189","url":null,"abstract":"Severe spinal cord injury (SCI) resulting in permanent sensory-motor and autonomic dysfunction caudal to a damaged spinal cord (SC) segment is a catastrophic event in human as well as in veterinary medicine. The situation of paraplegic/tetraplegic people or animals is further impaired by serious complications and often displays an image of permanent suffering. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has shown neuroprotective capacity in numerous experimental and several clinical studies or case reports. Hence, the method draws increasing attention of neuroscientists as well as health care workers. While systemic TH is a too complex procedure for veterinary practice, local application of TH with a reduced risk of the whole body temperature fluctuations and minimal side effects can become one of the therapeutic tools considered in the treatment of acute traumatic SCIs in bigger animals, especially when surgical decompression of spinal medulla and vertebral column reconstruction is indicated. Still, additional large prospective randomized studies are essential for the standardization of therapeutic protocols and the introduction of the method into therapeutic armamentarium in canine and feline spinal traumatology. The research strategy involved a PubMed, MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), and ISI Web of Science search from January 2000 to July 2021 using the terms “canine and feline spinal cord injuryˮ, “hypothermiaˮ, and “targeted temperature managementˮ in the English language literature; also references from selected studies were scanned and relevant articles included.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69208275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Two bitches with a history of hypoluteoidism were treated by recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (r-hCG) in repeated doses during early dioestrus. The level of progesterone increased, but the therapy led to hyperstimulation of the ovaries which resulted in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), with subsequent development of oestrogen toxicity. This is the first case documenting OHSS in a canine after administration of r-hCG. Although manifested during dioestrus in our case report, the occurrence of OHSS is associated with similar administration of r-hCG to women. The described use of r-hCG is not appropriate for luteal insufficiency treatment, but seems to have a place in assisted reproduction technology because of its surprising effects. Further research of luteotrophic factors in bitches is warranted because of these unpredictable results. Lower doses and frequency of administration need to be considered for a better outcome.
{"title":"Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in a bitch caused by recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin treatment of suspected luteal insufficiency – a case report","authors":"E. Cigánková, R. Vitásek, K. Jelinkova","doi":"10.2754/avb202291020209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202291020209","url":null,"abstract":"Two bitches with a history of hypoluteoidism were treated by recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (r-hCG) in repeated doses during early dioestrus. The level of progesterone increased, but the therapy led to hyperstimulation of the ovaries which resulted in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), with subsequent development of oestrogen toxicity. This is the first case documenting OHSS in a canine after administration of r-hCG. Although manifested during dioestrus in our case report, the occurrence of OHSS is associated with similar administration of r-hCG to women. The described use of r-hCG is not appropriate for luteal insufficiency treatment, but seems to have a place in assisted reproduction technology because of its surprising effects. Further research of luteotrophic factors in bitches is warranted because of these unpredictable results. Lower doses and frequency of administration need to be considered for a better outcome.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69208369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to determine the effects of different lengths of progesterone and equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) treatment on reproductive performance during the non-breeding season in ewes. Progesterone-impregnated sponges were inserted intravaginally for 7 d in Group 1 (G1, n = 24), 9 d in Group 2 (G2, n = 25), and 11 d in Group 3 (G3, n = 24). On the day of sponge removal, eCG (350 IU) was injected and 24 h later the ewes were exposed to rams. Pregnancy was diagnosed by transrectal ultrasonography 30 ± 3 d after mating. Oestrus symptoms of G2 and G3 started earlier than G1, but there was only a significant difference between G1 and G3 (P = 0.013). In G1, G2, and G3, the oestrus responses were 100%, 100%, and 95.8%, pregnancy rates were 79.2%, 72%, and 75%, lambing rates were 79.8%, 72%, and 75%, litter sizes were 2.5, 2.2, and 2.4, and multiple birth rates were 86.7%, 80%, and 85.7%, respectively (P > 0.05). In conclusion, the short-term progesterone-impregnated sponge and eCG treatment provided excellent oestrus induction. The effects of different days (7, 9, or 11) of progesterone treatment on reproductive indicators were similar; therefore, the stress caused by the inserted sponge can be reduced by short-term use.
本研究旨在确定不同长度的黄体酮和马绒毛膜促性腺激素(eCG)治疗对非繁殖期母羊繁殖性能的影响。孕酮海绵经阴道插入组1 (G1, n = 24) 7 d，组2 (G2, n = 25) 9 d，组3 (G3, n = 24) 11 d。取海绵当天注射心电图(350iu)， 24 h后母羊与公羊接触。交配后30±3 d经直肠超声诊断妊娠。G2和G3的发情症状开始时间早于G1，但G1与G3之间只有显著性差异(P = 0.013)。G1、G2和G3组的发情应答率分别为100%、100%和95.8%，妊娠率分别为79.2%、72%和75%，产羔率分别为79.8%、72%和75%，产仔数分别为2.5、2.2和2.4，多胎率分别为86.7%、80%和85.7% (P < 0.05)。综上所述，短期孕激素浸渍海绵和心电图治疗具有良好的诱导发情效果。黄体酮治疗的不同天数(7,9,11)对生殖指标的影响相似;因此，通过短期使用，可以减少插入海绵造成的应力。
{"title":"Effect of oestrus synchronization with different lengths of progesterone-impregnated sponges and equine chorionic gonadotropin on reproductive efficiency in Romanov ewes during the non-breeding season","authors":"M. Kuru, B. Kuru, C. Kaçar, M. Demir, N. Çetin","doi":"10.2754/avb202291030243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202291030243","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the effects of different lengths of progesterone and equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) treatment on reproductive performance during the non-breeding season in ewes. Progesterone-impregnated sponges were inserted intravaginally for 7 d in Group 1 (G1, n = 24), 9 d in Group 2 (G2, n = 25), and 11 d in Group 3 (G3, n = 24). On the day of sponge removal, eCG (350 IU) was injected and 24 h later the ewes were exposed to rams. Pregnancy was diagnosed by transrectal ultrasonography 30 ± 3 d after mating. Oestrus symptoms of G2 and G3 started earlier than G1, but there was only a significant difference between G1 and G3 (P = 0.013). In G1, G2, and G3, the oestrus responses were 100%, 100%, and 95.8%, pregnancy rates were 79.2%, 72%, and 75%, lambing rates were 79.8%, 72%, and 75%, litter sizes were 2.5, 2.2, and 2.4, and multiple birth rates were 86.7%, 80%, and 85.7%, respectively (P > 0.05). In conclusion, the short-term progesterone-impregnated sponge and eCG treatment provided excellent oestrus induction. The effects of different days (7, 9, or 11) of progesterone treatment on reproductive indicators were similar; therefore, the stress caused by the inserted sponge can be reduced by short-term use.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69208580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Volfova, R. Palme, Z. Machovcová, E. Voslářová, Gabriela Lukešová, V. Vecerek
Translocation (including transportation and experiencing a new environment) represents a significant stressor for animals. The aim of this study was to assess changes in corticosterone metabolite (CM) levels related to translocation in common pheasants (Phasianus colchicus). Sixteen birds (8 males and 8 females) aged 17 weeks were crated and transported for 3.5 h (distance travelled 140 km) to the target customer. Serial individual droppings were collected from 2 days prior until 3 days after transport. Concentrations of CMs in droppings were determined with a non-commercial cortisone enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Transport stress resulted in increased CM concentrations in the droppings in our study. The CM concentrations significantly increased within 2.5 h of transport (P < 0.01) compared to pre-transport levels (747 ng/g vs. 187 ng/g). After additional 3 h, the CM concentrations fell back to the baseline levels (207.7 ng/g). In the new environment, the second peak (median: 1383 ng/g) was determined with CM concentrations increasing (P < 0.01) compared to baseline levels. This increase was likely connected to the stress resulting from the new environment. The CM levels returned back to the baseline level 26 h after the start of transportation. No differences in concentrations of CM between sexes were found in our study. The utilized cortisone EIA proved suited to detect biologically meaningful alterations in adrenocortical activity of pheasants exposed to procedures related to their transport.
{"title":"Translocation stress is reflected in corticosterone metabolites in pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) droppings","authors":"M. Volfova, R. Palme, Z. Machovcová, E. Voslářová, Gabriela Lukešová, V. Vecerek","doi":"10.2754/avb202291010051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202291010051","url":null,"abstract":"Translocation (including transportation and experiencing a new environment) represents a significant stressor for animals. The aim of this study was to assess changes in corticosterone metabolite (CM) levels related to translocation in common pheasants (Phasianus colchicus). Sixteen birds (8 males and 8 females) aged 17 weeks were crated and transported for 3.5 h (distance travelled 140 km) to the target customer. Serial individual droppings were collected from 2 days prior until 3 days after transport. Concentrations of CMs in droppings were determined with a non-commercial cortisone enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Transport stress resulted in increased CM concentrations in the droppings in our study. The CM concentrations significantly increased within 2.5 h of transport (P < 0.01) compared to pre-transport levels (747 ng/g vs. 187 ng/g). After additional 3 h, the CM concentrations fell back to the baseline levels (207.7 ng/g). In the new environment, the second peak (median: 1383 ng/g) was determined with CM concentrations increasing (P < 0.01) compared to baseline levels. This increase was likely connected to the stress resulting from the new environment. The CM levels returned back to the baseline level 26 h after the start of transportation. No differences in concentrations of CM between sexes were found in our study. The utilized cortisone EIA proved suited to detect biologically meaningful alterations in adrenocortical activity of pheasants exposed to procedures related to their transport.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69208599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kaňová, H. Bandouchova, E. E. E. Abdelsalam, P. Linhart, J. Sedlácková, V. Seidlová, J. Zukal, J. Pikula
Exposure to pollutants is considered one of the potential reasons of population declines in bats. In the context of previous studies, we managed to create and keep a wide collection of cell lines from European bat species. Liver cells were chosen for testing, as they represent the preferred model for toxicological studies. Bats are protected, cell lines replacing experimental animals thus represent a unique opportunity to examine effects of pollutants which animals are exposed to in their environments. Moreover, cell incubation temperature variation may simulate physiological states of heterothermic bats. Liver cell lines were cultivated to the required cell number. Exposure to five different concentrations of permethrin (PM) and imidacloprid (IMI) were used to determine cytotoxic effects of these pesticides on Nyctalus noctula-derived liver cells cultivated at 37 °C and 8 °C for 24 h. An assay based on the measurement of activity of lactate dehydrogenase released from damaged cells was used for quantitating cytotoxicity. Cytotoxicity of IMI ranged from 0% to 47% and from 56% to 67% at 37 °C and 8 °C, respectively. Cytotoxicity of PM ranged from 36% to 56% and from 43% to 88% at 37 °C and 8 °C, respectively. Permethrin was tested on the cells at an order of magnitude lower concentrations; even so, higher degree of cytotoxicity was recorded. Imidacloprid was more toxic to bat liver cells at a hibernation temperature than at body temperature of 37 °C.
{"title":"Torpor/hibernation cycle may enhance the risk of insecticides for bats: an in vitro study","authors":"M. Kaňová, H. Bandouchova, E. E. E. Abdelsalam, P. Linhart, J. Sedlácková, V. Seidlová, J. Zukal, J. Pikula","doi":"10.2754/avb202291010059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202291010059","url":null,"abstract":"Exposure to pollutants is considered one of the potential reasons of population declines in bats. In the context of previous studies, we managed to create and keep a wide collection of cell lines from European bat species. Liver cells were chosen for testing, as they represent the preferred model for toxicological studies. Bats are protected, cell lines replacing experimental animals thus represent a unique opportunity to examine effects of pollutants which animals are exposed to in their environments. Moreover, cell incubation temperature variation may simulate physiological states of heterothermic bats. Liver cell lines were cultivated to the required cell number. Exposure to five different concentrations of permethrin (PM) and imidacloprid (IMI) were used to determine cytotoxic effects of these pesticides on Nyctalus noctula-derived liver cells cultivated at 37 °C and 8 °C for 24 h. An assay based on the measurement of activity of lactate dehydrogenase released from damaged cells was used for quantitating cytotoxicity. Cytotoxicity of IMI ranged from 0% to 47% and from 56% to 67% at 37 °C and 8 °C, respectively. Cytotoxicity of PM ranged from 36% to 56% and from 43% to 88% at 37 °C and 8 °C, respectively. Permethrin was tested on the cells at an order of magnitude lower concentrations; even so, higher degree of cytotoxicity was recorded. Imidacloprid was more toxic to bat liver cells at a hibernation temperature than at body temperature of 37 °C.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69208607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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