Özgül Gülaydın, C. Öztürk, I. Ekin, Z. İlhan, F. İlhan
Abortion causes significant economic losses in the sheep industry. Determination of the aetiology is important in dealing with abortions. The present study was aimed to identify selected important bacterial pathogens in the abortion cases of sheep. A total of 113 samples (105 aborted sheep foetuses, 4 placentas, and 4 vaginal swab samples) from 85 different sheep flocks were examined by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) regarding Chlamydia (C.) spp., C. abortus, Brucella (B.) spp., B. melitensis, Salmonella (S.) spp., S. Abortusovis, Coxiella (C.) burnetii, Listeria (L.) spp., L. monocytogenes, and Campylobacter spp. All cases that were found to be positive for bacterial agents by RT-PCR, were examined pathologically. Tissue samples of foetuses that were found to be positive for B. melitensis and L. monocytogenes by RT-PCR were also investigated immunohistochemically. A total of 35 (30.9%) samples were found to be positive by RT-PCR, with 15 (42.8%), 9 (25.7%), 5 (14.2%), 4 (11.4%), 1 (2.8%), and 1 (2.8%) of them being identified as C. abortus, B. melitensis, S. Abortusovis, C. burnetii, L. monocytogenes and Campylobacter spp., respectively. The presence of the antigen was confirmed also immunohistochemically in the cases with B. melitensis and L. monocytogenes. As a consequence, C. abortus was found to cause the highest rate of sheep abortion cases, which should be taken into account when implementing control measures in epidemiological investigations.
{"title":"Investigation of selected bacterial agents causing sheep abortion in the Van Province by RT-PCR and histopathological methods","authors":"Özgül Gülaydın, C. Öztürk, I. Ekin, Z. İlhan, F. İlhan","doi":"10.2754/avb202392010069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202392010069","url":null,"abstract":"Abortion causes significant economic losses in the sheep industry. Determination of the aetiology is important in dealing with abortions. The present study was aimed to identify selected important bacterial pathogens in the abortion cases of sheep. A total of 113 samples (105 aborted sheep foetuses, 4 placentas, and 4 vaginal swab samples) from 85 different sheep flocks were examined by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) regarding Chlamydia (C.) spp., C. abortus, Brucella (B.) spp., B. melitensis, Salmonella (S.) spp., S. Abortusovis, Coxiella (C.) burnetii, Listeria (L.) spp., L. monocytogenes, and Campylobacter spp. All cases that were found to be positive for bacterial agents by RT-PCR, were examined pathologically. Tissue samples of foetuses that were found to be positive for B. melitensis and L. monocytogenes by RT-PCR were also investigated immunohistochemically. A total of 35 (30.9%) samples were found to be positive by RT-PCR, with 15 (42.8%), 9 (25.7%), 5 (14.2%), 4 (11.4%), 1 (2.8%), and 1 (2.8%) of them being identified as C. abortus, B. melitensis, S. Abortusovis, C. burnetii, L. monocytogenes and Campylobacter spp., respectively. The presence of the antigen was confirmed also immunohistochemically in the cases with B. melitensis and L. monocytogenes. As a consequence, C. abortus was found to cause the highest rate of sheep abortion cases, which should be taken into account when implementing control measures in epidemiological investigations.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69209888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Pettenello, Z. Čriepoková, N. Rovňanová, Veronika Kostolániová, I. Valocký, V. Hura
Atypical myopathy is an acute and often fatal rhabdomyolysis occurring in grazing horses, caused by ingestion of hypoglycin A, a toxin detected in the seeds and seedlings of sycamore trees. This article describes a case of atypical myopathy in a two-year-old Haflinger colt with clinical signs of weakness, muscle tremors, recumbency and esophageal obstruction. Despite intensive care, the clinical status deteriorated and given the poor prognosis, the horse was euthanized. Diagnosis of atypical myopathy was confirmed by increased concentrations of hypoglycin A and methylenecyclopropyl acetic acid (MCPA)-carnitine in the serum. Atypical myopathy has been recognized in many European countries. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first confirmed case reported in Slovakia.
{"title":"Atypical myopathy in a horse: first confirmed case in Slovakia","authors":"M. Pettenello, Z. Čriepoková, N. Rovňanová, Veronika Kostolániová, I. Valocký, V. Hura","doi":"10.2754/avb202392030267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202392030267","url":null,"abstract":"Atypical myopathy is an acute and often fatal rhabdomyolysis occurring in grazing horses, caused by ingestion of hypoglycin A, a toxin detected in the seeds and seedlings of sycamore trees. This article describes a case of atypical myopathy in a two-year-old Haflinger colt with clinical signs of weakness, muscle tremors, recumbency and esophageal obstruction. Despite intensive care, the clinical status deteriorated and given the poor prognosis, the horse was euthanized. Diagnosis of atypical myopathy was confirmed by increased concentrations of hypoglycin A and methylenecyclopropyl acetic acid (MCPA)-carnitine in the serum. Atypical myopathy has been recognized in many European countries. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first confirmed case reported in Slovakia.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69210022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sohee Lim, Yawon Hwang, Sang-Gyun Sohn, Byunggyu Cheon, C. Shin, Kichang Lee
A 6-year-old intact male Jindo dog was presented for reduced appetite, depression, and tympanic abdominal distension. Abdominal radiographs showed severe pneumoperitoneum and an intestinal mass. Computed tomography revealed massive pneumoperitoneum associated with intestinal perforation, with cervical and thoracoabdominal wall emphysema, pneumomediastinum, pneumoretroperitoneum, pneumoscrotum, and peritonitis. Surgery confirmed a ruptured jejunal mass, and histopathologic evaluation of the excised tissues revealed intestinal lymphoma. Clinicians should therefore consider the possibility of gastrointestinal perforation in patients with severe pneumoperitoneum even where there is no history of trauma. Despite clinical stability, intensive monitoring and urgent decompressive intervention should be performed in patients with severe pneumoperitoneum.
{"title":"Computed tomographic features of massive pneumoperitoneum in a dog with intestinal lymphoma – a case report","authors":"Sohee Lim, Yawon Hwang, Sang-Gyun Sohn, Byunggyu Cheon, C. Shin, Kichang Lee","doi":"10.2754/avb202392020139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202392020139","url":null,"abstract":"A 6-year-old intact male Jindo dog was presented for reduced appetite, depression, and tympanic abdominal distension. Abdominal radiographs showed severe pneumoperitoneum and an intestinal mass. Computed tomography revealed massive pneumoperitoneum associated with intestinal perforation, with cervical and thoracoabdominal wall emphysema, pneumomediastinum, pneumoretroperitoneum, pneumoscrotum, and peritonitis. Surgery confirmed a ruptured jejunal mass, and histopathologic evaluation of the excised tissues revealed intestinal lymphoma. Clinicians should therefore consider the possibility of gastrointestinal perforation in patients with severe pneumoperitoneum even where there is no history of trauma. Despite clinical stability, intensive monitoring and urgent decompressive intervention should be performed in patients with severe pneumoperitoneum.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69209829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Tancoš, M. Kovalik, M. Levkut, M. Bobrovská, Petra Kolenčíková, Ľ. Straka, Z. Ševčíková, O. Škor, Martina Antošová, L. Plank, K. Thoday
The study investigates the interspecies similarities between canine and human mammary cancer in the sense of innovative predictive and prognostic tumour markers. Surgical resection specimens with diagnosed spontaneous primary mammary cancer obtained from 100 female canine patients were included in this study. Expression of carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) enzyme and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression was evaluated immunohistochemically. The study was completed with investigation of Ki67 expression and proliferation with marker of myogenous differentiation. Histopathological grading was performed using the Nottingham/modified Bloom-Richardson system. As in humans, our analysis of canine mammary cancer has shown that CAIX positivity in tumour cells significantly correlates with higher levels of HER2 immunoreactivity (P = 0.001), and increased tumour grade (P < 0.001). The percentage of smooth muscle actin (SMA) positive cases was significantly higher (P = 0.002) in the group of mammary carcinomas with CAIX positivity compared to the tumours that were negative. Using antibody Ki67 proliferative activity was not significantly different between mammary tumours that were CAIX positive and CAIX negative. Canine mammary gland carcinomas may, therefore, represent valuable animal models for the study of hypoxic signaling pathways involved in mammary carcinogenesis in humans. Further research investigating this possibility is required.
{"title":"Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of predictive and prognostic markers in spontaneous canine mammary cancer","authors":"V. Tancoš, M. Kovalik, M. Levkut, M. Bobrovská, Petra Kolenčíková, Ľ. Straka, Z. Ševčíková, O. Škor, Martina Antošová, L. Plank, K. Thoday","doi":"10.2754/avb202392020143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202392020143","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigates the interspecies similarities between canine and human mammary cancer in the sense of innovative predictive and prognostic tumour markers. Surgical resection specimens with diagnosed spontaneous primary mammary cancer obtained from 100 female canine patients were included in this study. Expression of carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) enzyme and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression was evaluated immunohistochemically. The study was completed with investigation of Ki67 expression and proliferation with marker of myogenous differentiation. Histopathological grading was performed using the Nottingham/modified Bloom-Richardson system. As in humans, our analysis of canine mammary cancer has shown that CAIX positivity in tumour cells significantly correlates with higher levels of HER2 immunoreactivity (P = 0.001), and increased tumour grade (P < 0.001). The percentage of smooth muscle actin (SMA) positive cases was significantly higher (P = 0.002) in the group of mammary carcinomas with CAIX positivity compared to the tumours that were negative. Using antibody Ki67 proliferative activity was not significantly different between mammary tumours that were CAIX positive and CAIX negative. Canine mammary gland carcinomas may, therefore, represent valuable animal models for the study of hypoxic signaling pathways involved in mammary carcinogenesis in humans. Further research investigating this possibility is required.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69209858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Válková, E. Voslářová, M. Hostovský, J. Blahova, Gabriela Kadlecova, A. Passantino, V. Vecerek
The study focused on the welfare of end-of-lay hens during their transportation for slaughter from the viewpoint of the stress load on hens resulting from unsatisfactory treatment that leads to traumatic injury to the limbs of hens detected during the veterinary examination of hens at the slaughterhouse. Blood samples were taken during bleeding after slaughter at the slaughterhouse for the determination of corticosterone and other biochemical indices from 35 hens with traumatic limb injuries and 35 hens without traumatic limb injuries. The stress load during the transportation of hens for slaughter potentiated by traumatic injuries was found to increase (P < 0.01) the plasma corticosterone concentration as an indicator of stress in birds (6381 pg/ml vs. 3681 pg/ml) and affect the plasma concentration of some biochemical indices, in particular increasing (P < 0.05) the level of total protein and albumin and decreasing (P < 0.05) levels of triglycerides, calcium and alanine aminotransferase. These findings demonstrate that hens with traumatic limb injuries occurring during the course of transport (loading, transport, unloading) are burdened by a greater degree of stress than hens that have not suffered traumatic injuries. From the viewpoint of the protection and welfare of end-of-lay hens, this study unequivocally demonstrates the necessity of the corresponding careful handling of birds during their loading onto and unloading from means of transport during transportation to the slaughterhouse – the kind of handling that does not cause injuries and, thereby, an increased stress load on hens slaughtered at the slaughterhouse.
{"title":"The impact of traumatic limb injuries resulting from operations related to transport for slaughter on biochemical indices in end-of-lay hens","authors":"L. Válková, E. Voslářová, M. Hostovský, J. Blahova, Gabriela Kadlecova, A. Passantino, V. Vecerek","doi":"10.2754/avb202392010089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202392010089","url":null,"abstract":"The study focused on the welfare of end-of-lay hens during their transportation for slaughter from the viewpoint of the stress load on hens resulting from unsatisfactory treatment that leads to traumatic injury to the limbs of hens detected during the veterinary examination of hens at the slaughterhouse. Blood samples were taken during bleeding after slaughter at the slaughterhouse for the determination of corticosterone and other biochemical indices from 35 hens with traumatic limb injuries and 35 hens without traumatic limb injuries. The stress load during the transportation of hens for slaughter potentiated by traumatic injuries was found to increase (P < 0.01) the plasma corticosterone concentration as an indicator of stress in birds (6381 pg/ml vs. 3681 pg/ml) and affect the plasma concentration of some biochemical indices, in particular increasing (P < 0.05) the level of total protein and albumin and decreasing (P < 0.05) levels of triglycerides, calcium and alanine aminotransferase. These findings demonstrate that hens with traumatic limb injuries occurring during the course of transport (loading, transport, unloading) are burdened by a greater degree of stress than hens that have not suffered traumatic injuries. From the viewpoint of the protection and welfare of end-of-lay hens, this study unequivocally demonstrates the necessity of the corresponding careful handling of birds during their loading onto and unloading from means of transport during transportation to the slaughterhouse – the kind of handling that does not cause injuries and, thereby, an increased stress load on hens slaughtered at the slaughterhouse.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69210145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alena Zouharová, K. Bartáková, Š. Bursová, L. Necidová, Danka Haruštiaková, M. Klimešová, L. Vorlová
The shelf life of fresh meat and fish is highly dependent on packaging technologies. The aim of any packaging system for fresh flesh foods is to prevent or delay undesirable changes to the appearance, flavour, odour, and texture. Moreover, microbial contamination, together with lipid and protein oxidation, are major concerns for meat and products thereof in terms of food safety. Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is widely applied in the packaging of both meat and fish. This packaging technology extends shelf life and improves appearance; however, several variables must be considered, such as temperature control and differences in gas compositions in combination with different types of meat. This review provides an overview of the available information on packaging technologies, from the perspectives of their characteristics, application types, and effects on the shelf life of poultry, meat, and fish. Special attention is paid to the MAP and active packaging.
{"title":"Meat and fish packaging and its impact on the shelf life – a review","authors":"Alena Zouharová, K. Bartáková, Š. Bursová, L. Necidová, Danka Haruštiaková, M. Klimešová, L. Vorlová","doi":"10.2754/avb202392010095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202392010095","url":null,"abstract":"The shelf life of fresh meat and fish is highly dependent on packaging technologies. The aim of any packaging system for fresh flesh foods is to prevent or delay undesirable changes to the appearance, flavour, odour, and texture. Moreover, microbial contamination, together with lipid and protein oxidation, are major concerns for meat and products thereof in terms of food safety. Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is widely applied in the packaging of both meat and fish. This packaging technology extends shelf life and improves appearance; however, several variables must be considered, such as temperature control and differences in gas compositions in combination with different types of meat. This review provides an overview of the available information on packaging technologies, from the perspectives of their characteristics, application types, and effects on the shelf life of poultry, meat, and fish. Special attention is paid to the MAP and active packaging.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69210210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Aksit, H. Aksit, E. Altun, Çağlan Çelebi, Murat Çelebi
This study aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of Tarantula cubensis extract (TCE) on the liver and brain of rats exposed to gentamicin (GM). A total of 40 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four equal groups: control, TCE, GM, and GM+TCE. Some biochemical indices, apoptotic markers (B-cell lymphoma 2 [Bcl-2] and Bcl-2 associated X protein [Bax]) and histopathological changes were evaluated. In the GM group, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), total bilirubin, brain and liver tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations increased; albumin, total protein, brain and liver tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentrations and the total antioxidant status (TAS) decreased. Apoptosis induced down-regulation of Bcl-2 and up-regulation of Bax in liver and brain tissues in the GM group. GM-treated animals demonstrated several histopathological changes. TCE administration restored some histopathological changes. Lipid peroxidation and apoptosis decreased, antioxidant defense increased, concentrations of some serum biochemical indices (AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, and total bilirubin) decreased, and albumin and total protein levels increased in the TCE+GM group compared to the GM group. In conclusion, high doses of GM induce adverse effects on liver and brain tissue of rats. It was concluded that TCE administration can improve these adverse effects by reducing lipid peroxidation and apoptosis, improving the antioxidant defense system. TCE can be used to protect against the toxic effect of GM and other chemical agents in the liver and brain in veterinary medicine. However, additional studies are needed to confirm this assumption.
{"title":"Investigation of the protective effect of Tarantula cubensis extract on the liver and brain of rats exposed to gentamicin","authors":"D. Aksit, H. Aksit, E. Altun, Çağlan Çelebi, Murat Çelebi","doi":"10.2754/avb202392020205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202392020205","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of Tarantula cubensis extract (TCE) on the liver and brain of rats exposed to gentamicin (GM). A total of 40 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four equal groups: control, TCE, GM, and GM+TCE. Some biochemical indices, apoptotic markers (B-cell lymphoma 2 [Bcl-2] and Bcl-2 associated X protein [Bax]) and histopathological changes were evaluated. In the GM group, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), total bilirubin, brain and liver tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations increased; albumin, total protein, brain and liver tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentrations and the total antioxidant status (TAS) decreased. Apoptosis induced down-regulation of Bcl-2 and up-regulation of Bax in liver and brain tissues in the GM group. GM-treated animals demonstrated several histopathological changes. TCE administration restored some histopathological changes. Lipid peroxidation and apoptosis decreased, antioxidant defense increased, concentrations of some serum biochemical indices (AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, and total bilirubin) decreased, and albumin and total protein levels increased in the TCE+GM group compared to the GM group. In conclusion, high doses of GM induce adverse effects on liver and brain tissue of rats. It was concluded that TCE administration can improve these adverse effects by reducing lipid peroxidation and apoptosis, improving the antioxidant defense system. TCE can be used to protect against the toxic effect of GM and other chemical agents in the liver and brain in veterinary medicine. However, additional studies are needed to confirm this assumption.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69209925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Krzyžánková, J. Prodělalová, M. Krásna, P. Vasickova
African swine fever virus is the causative agent of an acute and highly contagious disease affecting domestic and wild members of the family Suidae. The virus can be transmitted by direct contact among infected animals or via a contaminated environment or feed. Since the contaminated meat or products thereof have been characterised as the most probable vehicle in several outbreaks, the aim of the present study was to define viability of the virus in meat under conditions of freezing and chilling (−25 °C and 6 °C) and low temperature cooking (55 °C for 2.5 h and for 1 h). Two independent methods were employed; cell culture as a reference and real-time polymerase chain reaction combined with palladium compound (BB-PdCl2 and PdCl2COD) pre-treatment as an alternative method. Obtained results demonstrated a minimal decrease in the infectious virus titre during storage at −25 °C, and a remaining amount of viruses in meat stored at 6 °C for 14 months that can cause a disease after ingestion. The results obtained by both methods applied on the samples corresponded to each other. In contrast, results related to the virus’ persistence in thermal-treated meat indicated much lower stability than previously thought; infectious viruses were not detected by infectivity assay after the treatment at 55 °C for 1 h. The observed difference of one order of magnitude of virus detected using palladium compound pre-treatment suggests presence of intact rather than infectious viruses. A better suitability of PdCl2COD compared to BB-PdCl2 pre-treatment was demonstrated.
{"title":"Determination of African swine fever virus viability in meat during long-term storage and sous-vide cooking using cell culture and real-time PCR combined with palladium compound pre-treatment methods","authors":"M. Krzyžánková, J. Prodělalová, M. Krásna, P. Vasickova","doi":"10.2754/avb202392010053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202392010053","url":null,"abstract":"African swine fever virus is the causative agent of an acute and highly contagious disease affecting domestic and wild members of the family Suidae. The virus can be transmitted by direct contact among infected animals or via a contaminated environment or feed. Since the contaminated meat or products thereof have been characterised as the most probable vehicle in several outbreaks, the aim of the present study was to define viability of the virus in meat under conditions of freezing and chilling (−25 °C and 6 °C) and low temperature cooking (55 °C for 2.5 h and for 1 h). Two independent methods were employed; cell culture as a reference and real-time polymerase chain reaction combined with palladium compound (BB-PdCl2 and PdCl2COD) pre-treatment as an alternative method. Obtained results demonstrated a minimal decrease in the infectious virus titre during storage at −25 °C, and a remaining amount of viruses in meat stored at 6 °C for 14 months that can cause a disease after ingestion. The results obtained by both methods applied on the samples corresponded to each other. In contrast, results related to the virus’ persistence in thermal-treated meat indicated much lower stability than previously thought; infectious viruses were not detected by infectivity assay after the treatment at 55 °C for 1 h. The observed difference of one order of magnitude of virus detected using palladium compound pre-treatment suggests presence of intact rather than infectious viruses. A better suitability of PdCl2COD compared to BB-PdCl2 pre-treatment was demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69209734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hedgehogs, which are kept as pets worldwide, are prohibited from being sold or kept as pets in Türkiye. The aim of the study was to investigate Salmonella and endo-parasite carriage in hedgehogs and to determine the antibacterial resistance profiles of isolated Salmonella agents. Free-range hedgehogs living in parks and gardens of Istanbul that were brought to veterinary clinics by animal lovers for check-up and treatment were used for sampling. Thirty faecal samples were taken from the animals. For bacteriological examinations, samples were seeded on selective media, and then the isolates were identified by conventional methods as Salmonella spp. Identification and antibiotic susceptibilities of the isolates were determined by the BD Phoenix Automated Microbiology System. All faecal samples were also investigated by PCR for Salmonella spp. specific gene regions. The aminoglycoside and quinolone resistance profiles of the strains were analysed by PCR. On parasitological examination, samples were analysed for parasites’ eggs, oocysts, and larvae. Two Salmonella isolates were determined as Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium), whose antigenic formula was 4,5,12:i:1,2. The isolates were phenotypically resistant to ciprofloxacin but did not harbour any of the genes examined. Out of 30 faecal samples, 19 (63.3%) were positive for one or more genera of parasites. The hedgehogs were infected with the species of Capillaria spp. (60%), Crenosoma spp. (13.3%), Eimeria spp. (10%) and Acanthocephala spp. (6.6%). This study is the first report of Salmonella carrier and internal parasite fauna of hedgehogs in Istanbul, Türkiye.
{"title":"Investigation of Salmonella types and its antibiotic resistance profile and determination of parasite carrier in free-living hedgehogs in Istanbul, Türkiye","authors":"K. Metiner, B. D. Sigirci, H. Çetinkaya","doi":"10.2754/avb202392030309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202392030309","url":null,"abstract":"Hedgehogs, which are kept as pets worldwide, are prohibited from being sold or kept as pets in Türkiye. The aim of the study was to investigate Salmonella and endo-parasite carriage in hedgehogs and to determine the antibacterial resistance profiles of isolated Salmonella agents. Free-range hedgehogs living in parks and gardens of Istanbul that were brought to veterinary clinics by animal lovers for check-up and treatment were used for sampling. Thirty faecal samples were taken from the animals. For bacteriological examinations, samples were seeded on selective media, and then the isolates were identified by conventional methods as Salmonella spp. Identification and antibiotic susceptibilities of the isolates were determined by the BD Phoenix Automated Microbiology System. All faecal samples were also investigated by PCR for Salmonella spp. specific gene regions. The aminoglycoside and quinolone resistance profiles of the strains were analysed by PCR. On parasitological examination, samples were analysed for parasites’ eggs, oocysts, and larvae. Two Salmonella isolates were determined as Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium), whose antigenic formula was 4,5,12:i:1,2. The isolates were phenotypically resistant to ciprofloxacin but did not harbour any of the genes examined. Out of 30 faecal samples, 19 (63.3%) were positive for one or more genera of parasites. The hedgehogs were infected with the species of Capillaria spp. (60%), Crenosoma spp. (13.3%), Eimeria spp. (10%) and Acanthocephala spp. (6.6%). This study is the first report of Salmonella carrier and internal parasite fauna of hedgehogs in Istanbul, Türkiye.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69210632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was conducted to determine the effect of the inclusion of sodium bentonite (SB) in Japanese quails’ diet on performance, carcass traits, blood biochemical status, and meat quality traits. A total of 120 seven-day-old Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) were randomly divided into four groups, with each group containing five replicates, six birds each. SB was mixed with the diet at four concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0%). Performance indicators were determined for an experimental period of six weeks. At the end of the experiment, 2 quails from each replicate were slaughtered and carcass traits were measured. The blood serum biochemical values, antioxidant status, and meat quality indicators were determined from blood and breast meat samples. The results showed that SB supplementation significantly improved the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 2–7 week period, the relative weight of the proventriculus, glucose and total cholesterol (TC) and a* (redness) colour traits in meat. Moreover, the total oxidant status (TOS) in blood serum and malondialdehyde (MDA) values were decreased with SB addition to Japanese quails’ diet. Hence, dietary SB supplementation could be used to improve the performance and antioxidant status in Japanese quails.
{"title":"The effects of increasing levels of dietary sodium bentonite on performance, carcass indices, blood chemistry and meat quality in Japanese quails","authors":"E. Gümüş","doi":"10.2754/avb202392020197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202392020197","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine the effect of the inclusion of sodium bentonite (SB) in Japanese quails’ diet on performance, carcass traits, blood biochemical status, and meat quality traits. A total of 120 seven-day-old Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) were randomly divided into four groups, with each group containing five replicates, six birds each. SB was mixed with the diet at four concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0%). Performance indicators were determined for an experimental period of six weeks. At the end of the experiment, 2 quails from each replicate were slaughtered and carcass traits were measured. The blood serum biochemical values, antioxidant status, and meat quality indicators were determined from blood and breast meat samples. The results showed that SB supplementation significantly improved the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 2–7 week period, the relative weight of the proventriculus, glucose and total cholesterol (TC) and a* (redness) colour traits in meat. Moreover, the total oxidant status (TOS) in blood serum and malondialdehyde (MDA) values were decreased with SB addition to Japanese quails’ diet. Hence, dietary SB supplementation could be used to improve the performance and antioxidant status in Japanese quails.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69209913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：