The study was conducted on 30 clinically healthy Arabian horses and 28 Žemaitukai horses that competed in endurance race over the same distance (40 km). Blood samples were taken before and immediately after the exercise. The environmental conditions during the competitions varied, with a mean temperature of 22.5 °C and a mean relative humidity of 73.20%. The Žemaitukai horses showed lower haematological values and increased muscle catabolism after exercise. Arabian horses have higher aerobic capacity compared to the Žemaitukai horses which probably contributes to their superior low- to moderate-intensity exercise performance. Serum activity of muscle enzymes suggested that the muscle tissue of the Arabian horses has higher tolerance for exercise-induced muscle catabolism and lower muscle catabolism than that of muscle tissue of the Žemaitukai horses. Further studies need to be carried out to identify the diferences in muscle tissue of both breeds.
{"title":"A comparison of haematological and biochemical blood indices between the Žemaitukai and Arabian horses participating in endurance competitions","authors":"I. Poškienė, V. Juozaitienė, R. Antanaitis","doi":"10.2754/avb202190020159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202190020159","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted on 30 clinically healthy Arabian horses and 28 Žemaitukai horses that competed in endurance race over the same distance (40 km). Blood samples were taken before and immediately after the exercise. The environmental conditions during the competitions varied, with a mean temperature of 22.5 °C and a mean relative humidity of 73.20%. The Žemaitukai horses showed lower haematological values and increased muscle catabolism after exercise. Arabian horses have higher aerobic capacity compared to the Žemaitukai horses which probably contributes to their superior low- to moderate-intensity exercise performance. Serum activity of muscle enzymes suggested that the muscle tissue of the Arabian horses has higher tolerance for exercise-induced muscle catabolism and lower muscle catabolism than that of muscle tissue of the Žemaitukai horses. Further studies need to be carried out to identify the diferences in muscle tissue of both breeds.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43746154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Minářová, L. Blahová, J. Kalina, I. Papežíková, J. Mareš, R. Kopp, L. Vojtek, P. Hyršl, S. Reschová, M. Palíková
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of three commercial diets, standard, immunostimulant-supplemented (β-glucan, vitamins C and E) and plant-based, on the degree of oxidative stress in tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Selected immune and haematological indices were measured and challenge with Aeromonas salmonicida was conducted. The plant-based diet systemically modulated all oxidative stress biomarkers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; reduced and oxidised glutathione and their ratio) in the intestine. The ratio was elevated in all organs (liver, kidney, muscle and intestine) and an enhancement of respiratory burst and complement activity was observed even in the control fish. With the standard diet, an elevation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in the intestine and a decrease in some immune indices appeared after challenge. Less distinctive changes and the lowest mortality rate (the highest being with the plant-based feed) were obtained with immunostimulants. Increased total immunoglobulin, relative lymphocytosis and a decrease in the phagocyte count were observed. This study contributes especially by a thorough examination of oxidative stress indices in different tissues. The exact composition of these commercial diets is a trade secret; however, knowledge of their effects is extremely important for fish farmers using them; therefore, this study has a great practical impact.
{"title":"Plant-based and immunostimulant-enhanced diets modulate oxidative stress, immune and haematological indices in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","authors":"H. Minářová, L. Blahová, J. Kalina, I. Papežíková, J. Mareš, R. Kopp, L. Vojtek, P. Hyršl, S. Reschová, M. Palíková","doi":"10.2754/avb202190020233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202190020233","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of three commercial diets, standard, immunostimulant-supplemented (β-glucan, vitamins C and E) and plant-based, on the degree of oxidative stress in tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Selected immune and haematological indices were measured and challenge with Aeromonas salmonicida was conducted. The plant-based diet systemically modulated all oxidative stress biomarkers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; reduced and oxidised glutathione and their ratio) in the intestine. The ratio was elevated in all organs (liver, kidney, muscle and intestine) and an enhancement of respiratory burst and complement activity was observed even in the control fish. With the standard diet, an elevation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in the intestine and a decrease in some immune indices appeared after challenge. Less distinctive changes and the lowest mortality rate (the highest being with the plant-based feed) were obtained with immunostimulants. Increased total immunoglobulin, relative lymphocytosis and a decrease in the phagocyte count were observed. This study contributes especially by a thorough examination of oxidative stress indices in different tissues. The exact composition of these commercial diets is a trade secret; however, knowledge of their effects is extremely important for fish farmers using them; therefore, this study has a great practical impact.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49207408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rea Jarošová, P. Ondračkova, Z. Patočka, Z. Sládek
Proper histological evaluation of lung tissue and accurate antigen detection by immunodetection techniques require histological tissue processing to preserve tissue reactivity and open alveolar spaces. In this study, we focused on testing and comparing different procedures of tissue cryopreservation. Sucrose or Tissue Tek were used with several methods of freezing samples by supercooled liquids and liquid nitrogen. Changes in tissue caused during the freezing of samples and the effect of cryoprotectants on the tissue were recorded. Rat and porcine pulmonary tissues were used in this experiment. This study aimed to optimize the process of lung cryopreservation with emphasis on enabling proper anatomical evaluation and preserving a high tissue immunoreactivity. The best results were obtained by inflating pulmonary parenchyma with a 1 : 1 mixture of O.C.T. with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) frozen in supercooled n-heptane placed on dry ice. Pulmonary tissue prepared in this way enables to perform proper histological evaluation and to detect target molecules by immunohistochemical analysis.
{"title":"Comparison of cryoprotective methods for histological examination of rat and porcine lung tissue","authors":"Rea Jarošová, P. Ondračkova, Z. Patočka, Z. Sládek","doi":"10.2754/avb202190020225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202190020225","url":null,"abstract":"Proper histological evaluation of lung tissue and accurate antigen detection by immunodetection techniques require histological tissue processing to preserve tissue reactivity and open alveolar spaces. In this study, we focused on testing and comparing different procedures of tissue cryopreservation. Sucrose or Tissue Tek were used with several methods of freezing samples by supercooled liquids and liquid nitrogen. Changes in tissue caused during the freezing of samples and the effect of cryoprotectants on the tissue were recorded. Rat and porcine pulmonary tissues were used in this experiment. This study aimed to optimize the process of lung cryopreservation with emphasis on enabling proper anatomical evaluation and preserving a high tissue immunoreactivity. The best results were obtained by inflating pulmonary parenchyma with a 1 : 1 mixture of O.C.T. with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) frozen in supercooled n-heptane placed on dry ice. Pulmonary tissue prepared in this way enables to perform proper histological evaluation and to detect target molecules by immunohistochemical analysis.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41720397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Hejel, V. Jurkovich, B. Bognár, P. Kovács, E. Brydl, L. Könyves
The aim of this work was to determine the changes of redox indicators such as reactive oxygen metabolites (dROMs), plasma antioxidant test (PAT) and the oxidative stress index (OSI) in dairy cows at different stages of lactation using a diagnostic equipment which is suitable for in vivo oxidative stress (OS) monitoring procedures. In total, 628 dairy cows were examined in the pre-parturient period (days in milk [DIM]: -21 to -1 day; n = 117), in the calving and maternity period (DIM: 0 to 7; n = 137), in the early lactation period (DIM: 8 to 30; n = 139), and the in the peak lactation (DIM: 31 to 150; n = 235). The dROMs and OSI values were significantly different (P < 0.05) when comparing the 1st and 2nd+ lactation cows in each group. The highest mean value of dROMs was detected at the calving and maternity stage in 1st lactation cows (141 ± 25 U. Carr) and the lowest (103 ± 29 U. Carr) was found in peak lactation. The OSI developed similarly, with the highest value of 5.58 ± 0.94 in the calving and maternity period in the 1st lactation cows and the lowest value of 4.05 ± 1.21 in peak lactation and significant differences were found in many cases. Based on the results, the measurement of dROMs and OSI may be suitable for detecting oxidative stress in different lactation stages.
{"title":"Monitoring the redox status in dairy cows by using plasma dROMs, PAT, and OSI biomarkers","authors":"P. Hejel, V. Jurkovich, B. Bognár, P. Kovács, E. Brydl, L. Könyves","doi":"10.2754/avb202190020125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202190020125","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work was to determine the changes of redox indicators such as reactive oxygen metabolites (dROMs), plasma antioxidant test (PAT) and the oxidative stress index (OSI) in dairy cows at different stages of lactation using a diagnostic equipment which is suitable for in vivo oxidative stress (OS) monitoring procedures. In total, 628 dairy cows were examined in the pre-parturient period (days in milk [DIM]: -21 to -1 day; n = 117), in the calving and maternity period (DIM: 0 to 7; n = 137), in the early lactation period (DIM: 8 to 30; n = 139), and the in the peak lactation (DIM: 31 to 150; n = 235). The dROMs and OSI values were significantly different (P < 0.05) when comparing the 1st and 2nd+ lactation cows in each group. The highest mean value of dROMs was detected at the calving and maternity stage in 1st lactation cows (141 ± 25 U. Carr) and the lowest (103 ± 29 U. Carr) was found in peak lactation. The OSI developed similarly, with the highest value of 5.58 ± 0.94 in the calving and maternity period in the 1st lactation cows and the lowest value of 4.05 ± 1.21 in peak lactation and significant differences were found in many cases. Based on the results, the measurement of dROMs and OSI may be suitable for detecting oxidative stress in different lactation stages.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48668423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to test different doses of L-glutamine and trehalose in the canine semen diluent while determining their protective effects on spermatological and biochemical indices of the thawed samples. Semen samples were collected from three fertile dogs using the digital manipulation method. The mixed ejaculates were divided into five portions at 37 °C and diluted with additives. Five study groups were formed with L-glutamine (10 and 20 mM), trehalose (25 and 50 mM), and no additives (control). After the dilution, the semen samples were cooled for 1.5 h at 5 °C and frozen (-110 to -120 °C) in liquid nitrogen vapor. Then, they were stored at -196 °C. For spermatological evaluations, samples were thawed at 38 °C for 30 s. L-glutamine (20 mM) was found to be significantly different (P < 0.05) and led to higher percentages of motility, membrane integrity, and acrosome integrity compared to the control group. Considering the total oxidant status (TOS) assay, the lower values were determined in all the antioxidant groups compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Supplementing the semen extender with L-glutamine showed a higher total antioxidant status (TAS) concentration compared to the control group (P < 0.05). As a result of this study, a higher protective effect was found in all the spermatological evaluations after thawing the frozen semen samples, especially in the group containing L-glutamine (20 mM).
{"title":"The effect of L-glutamine and trehalose on dog sperm cryopreservation","authors":"C. Ozturk, N. Aksoy","doi":"10.2754/avb202190020201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202190020201","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to test different doses of L-glutamine and trehalose in the canine semen diluent while determining their protective effects on spermatological and biochemical indices of the thawed samples. Semen samples were collected from three fertile dogs using the digital manipulation method. The mixed ejaculates were divided into five portions at 37 °C and diluted with additives. Five study groups were formed with L-glutamine (10 and 20 mM), trehalose (25 and 50 mM), and no additives (control). After the dilution, the semen samples were cooled for 1.5 h at 5 °C and frozen (-110 to -120 °C) in liquid nitrogen vapor. Then, they were stored at -196 °C. For spermatological evaluations, samples were thawed at 38 °C for 30 s. L-glutamine (20 mM) was found to be significantly different (P < 0.05) and led to higher percentages of motility, membrane integrity, and acrosome integrity compared to the control group. Considering the total oxidant status (TOS) assay, the lower values were determined in all the antioxidant groups compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Supplementing the semen extender with L-glutamine showed a higher total antioxidant status (TAS) concentration compared to the control group (P < 0.05). As a result of this study, a higher protective effect was found in all the spermatological evaluations after thawing the frozen semen samples, especially in the group containing L-glutamine (20 mM).","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43897080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ľ. Horňáková, Enrico Stefanizzi, S. Horňák, Z. Ševčíková, M. Figurová, Marieta Kurillová, A. Valenčáková-Agyagosová
A 4-year-old intact female Standard Wirehaired Dachshund dog was referred with chief complaint of inguinal mass to the Small Animal Clinic at the University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Slovakia. On physical examination, the bitch was healthy with no abnormalities other than having a non-painful and non-reducible soft tissue mass in the left inguinal region also involving the mammary gland. Ultrasonographic examination of the abdomen revealed a pregnant uterus and ultrasonography of the inguinal mass showed an organ with a lumen filled with anaechoic fluid. The diagnosis of a herniation was made and the owners decided for complete ovariohysterectomy. The left uterine horn had an incarcerated part of the inguinal hernia together with the ovary. Inside there was one macerated conceptus. The remaining part of the left uterine horn was located in the abdomen and had 2 macerated conceptuses. The bitch made an uneventful recovery from the surgery and anaesthesia with no postoperative complications and was sent home after the surgical procedure.
{"title":"An inguinal herniation of pregnant uterus in a Standard Wirehaired Dachshund – a case report","authors":"Ľ. Horňáková, Enrico Stefanizzi, S. Horňák, Z. Ševčíková, M. Figurová, Marieta Kurillová, A. Valenčáková-Agyagosová","doi":"10.2754/avb202190020185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202190020185","url":null,"abstract":"A 4-year-old intact female Standard Wirehaired Dachshund dog was referred with chief complaint of inguinal mass to the Small Animal Clinic at the University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Slovakia. On physical examination, the bitch was healthy with no abnormalities other than having a non-painful and non-reducible soft tissue mass in the left inguinal region also involving the mammary gland. Ultrasonographic examination of the abdomen revealed a pregnant uterus and ultrasonography of the inguinal mass showed an organ with a lumen filled with anaechoic fluid. The diagnosis of a herniation was made and the owners decided for complete ovariohysterectomy. The left uterine horn had an incarcerated part of the inguinal hernia together with the ovary. Inside there was one macerated conceptus. The remaining part of the left uterine horn was located in the abdomen and had 2 macerated conceptuses. The bitch made an uneventful recovery from the surgery and anaesthesia with no postoperative complications and was sent home after the surgical procedure.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41882485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Lobová, J. Konvalinova, I. Bedáňová, Z. Filipejová, D. Molínková
Haemotropic microorganisms are the most common bacteria that infect erythrocytes and are associated with anaemia of varying severity. The aim of this study was to focus on the occurrence of Mycoplasma haemofelis, Mycoplasma haemominutum, and Mycoplasma turicensis in cats. We followed infected individuals’ breeding conditions, age, sex, basic haematological indices, and co-infection with one of the feline retroviruses. A total of 73 cats were investigated. Haemoplasmas were detected by PCR and verified by sequencing. Haematology examination was performed focusing on the number of erythrocytes, haemoglobin concentrations and haematocrit. A subset of 40 cat blood samples was examined by a rapid immunochromatography test to detect retroviruses. The following was found in our study group: M. haemofelis in 12.3% of individuals, M. haemominutum in 35.6% of individuals and M. turicensis in 17.8% of individuals. A highly significant difference was found between positive evidence of blood mycoplasmas in cats living only at home (15%) and in cats with access to the outside (69.8%). There was also a highly significant difference in the incidence of mycoplasma in cats over 3 years of age compared to 1–3 years of age and up to 1 year of age. There was no difference in the frequency of infections between the sexes. Blood mycoplasma infection in our group was not accompanied by fundamental changes in the haematological indices and was only reflected by a decrease in haemoglobin values in three cases. In a subset of cats that were also examined for the presence of retroviral infection, mycoplasma infection in blood was confirmed in all five positive cases.
{"title":"Infections of cats with blood mycoplasmas in various contexts","authors":"D. Lobová, J. Konvalinova, I. Bedáňová, Z. Filipejová, D. Molínková","doi":"10.2754/avb202190020211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202190020211","url":null,"abstract":"Haemotropic microorganisms are the most common bacteria that infect erythrocytes and are associated with anaemia of varying severity. The aim of this study was to focus on the occurrence of Mycoplasma haemofelis, Mycoplasma haemominutum, and Mycoplasma turicensis in cats. We followed infected individuals’ breeding conditions, age, sex, basic haematological indices, and co-infection with one of the feline retroviruses. A total of 73 cats were investigated. Haemoplasmas were detected by PCR and verified by sequencing. Haematology examination was performed focusing on the number of erythrocytes, haemoglobin concentrations and haematocrit. A subset of 40 cat blood samples was examined by a rapid immunochromatography test to detect retroviruses. The following was found in our study group: M. haemofelis in 12.3% of individuals, M. haemominutum in 35.6% of individuals and M. turicensis in 17.8% of individuals. A highly significant difference was found between positive evidence of blood mycoplasmas in cats living only at home (15%) and in cats with access to the outside (69.8%). There was also a highly significant difference in the incidence of mycoplasma in cats over 3 years of age compared to 1–3 years of age and up to 1 year of age. There was no difference in the frequency of infections between the sexes. Blood mycoplasma infection in our group was not accompanied by fundamental changes in the haematological indices and was only reflected by a decrease in haemoglobin values in three cases. In a subset of cats that were also examined for the presence of retroviral infection, mycoplasma infection in blood was confirmed in all five positive cases.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49592311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of parenteral application of vitamin preparations containing vitamins A, E, and β-carotene to pregnant cows (10–14 days before calving) on vitamin concentrations, haematological indices and the total antioxidant status (TAS) in their calves. Thirty cows were divided into 3 groups – control, the experimental group 1 (vitamins A, E), and experimental group 2 (β-carotene). Blood sampling in calves was performed immediately after birth, 2 h after receiving colostrum, 24 h after birth and 5–7 days after birth. The calves received the first 4 doses of colostrum from their mothers. The highest concentration of vitamin E was observed 5–7 days after birth in group 1 compared to the control (P < 0.05) and group 2 (P < 0.01). The concentration of β-carotene was the highest in group 2 (2 and 24 h after receiving colostrum) compared to group 1 (P < 0.01). The TAS was the highest in group 1 compared to the control (P < 0.05, P < 0.001) and group 2 (P < 0.01). A significant increase in haemoglobin (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) and haematocrit (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) was recorded in group 1 and group 2, respectively, compared to the control, as well as in the red blood cell count (P < 0.05) in group 2 compared to the control. The highest total protein was observed in the control group in all samplings. Parenteral application of vitamins to pregnant cows most likely had an effect on the concentrations of vitamins, TAS and haematological indices in their calves.
{"title":"The effect of parenteral application of vitamin A, vitamin E, and β-carotene to pregnant cows on selected indices in their calves","authors":"R. Kadek, K. Mikulková, J. Filípek, J. Illek","doi":"10.2754/avb202190020135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202190020135","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to determine the effect of parenteral application of vitamin preparations containing vitamins A, E, and β-carotene to pregnant cows (10–14 days before calving) on vitamin concentrations, haematological indices and the total antioxidant status (TAS) in their calves. Thirty cows were divided into 3 groups – control, the experimental group 1 (vitamins A, E), and experimental group 2 (β-carotene). Blood sampling in calves was performed immediately after birth, 2 h after receiving colostrum, 24 h after birth and 5–7 days after birth. The calves received the first 4 doses of colostrum from their mothers. The highest concentration of vitamin E was observed 5–7 days after birth in group 1 compared to the control (P < 0.05) and group 2 (P < 0.01). The concentration of β-carotene was the highest in group 2 (2 and 24 h after receiving colostrum) compared to group 1 (P < 0.01). The TAS was the highest in group 1 compared to the control (P < 0.05, P < 0.001) and group 2 (P < 0.01). A significant increase in haemoglobin (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) and haematocrit (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) was recorded in group 1 and group 2, respectively, compared to the control, as well as in the red blood cell count (P < 0.05) in group 2 compared to the control. The highest total protein was observed in the control group in all samplings. Parenteral application of vitamins to pregnant cows most likely had an effect on the concentrations of vitamins, TAS and haematological indices in their calves.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45434315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. G. Uçmak, O. Kahraman, G. I. Gültekin, S. Degirmencioglu, I. Yaylim, K. Güvenç
Detection of the circulating tumour cells (CTC) in dogs with a mammary tumour is a useful tool to reveal the micrometastases long before metastases are recognised clinically. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), claudin 7 (CLND7) and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EPCAM) with the clinical indices and to reveal the diagnostic importance of these biomarkers in canine mammary tumours (CMTs). Peripheral blood (PB) samples were collected from 45 bitches (group MT) which had single mass with malignant epithelial tumours and 9 healthy bitches (group H). Real time PCR (rt-PCR) was performed to determine the expression levels of EGFR, CLDN7, and EPCAM. Mean values of EGFR and CLDN7 expressions were significantly higher in group MT compared to group H (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively). The expression level of CLDN7 was positively correlated with EGFR and EPCAM (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). The EPCAM expression was associated with increased tumour size (P < 0.05) and EPCAM tended to decrease in the presence of skin ulceration on tumour (P = 0.05). Furthermore, expression levels of EGFR in intact dogs were significantly higher compared to spayed dogs in group MT (P < 0.01). The EGFR expression was significantly higher in the presence of metastases (P < 0.05). Also, increased EGFR was determined in grade 2 compared to grade 1 (P < 0.05). In conclusion, these results show that EGFR, CLDN7, EPCAM markers are measureable in PB and they may provide valuable information about the clinical pathophysiology of CMT.
{"title":"Determining the expression levels of circulating tumour cell markers in canine mammary tumours","authors":"Z. G. Uçmak, O. Kahraman, G. I. Gültekin, S. Degirmencioglu, I. Yaylim, K. Güvenç","doi":"10.2754/avb202190020191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202190020191","url":null,"abstract":"Detection of the circulating tumour cells (CTC) in dogs with a mammary tumour is a useful tool to reveal the micrometastases long before metastases are recognised clinically. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), claudin 7 (CLND7) and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EPCAM) with the clinical indices and to reveal the diagnostic importance of these biomarkers in canine mammary tumours (CMTs). Peripheral blood (PB) samples were collected from 45 bitches (group MT) which had single mass with malignant epithelial tumours and 9 healthy bitches (group H). Real time PCR (rt-PCR) was performed to determine the expression levels of EGFR, CLDN7, and EPCAM. Mean values of EGFR and CLDN7 expressions were significantly higher in group MT compared to group H (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively). The expression level of CLDN7 was positively correlated with EGFR and EPCAM (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). The EPCAM expression was associated with increased tumour size (P < 0.05) and EPCAM tended to decrease in the presence of skin ulceration on tumour (P = 0.05). Furthermore, expression levels of EGFR in intact dogs were significantly higher compared to spayed dogs in group MT (P < 0.01). The EGFR expression was significantly higher in the presence of metastases (P < 0.05). Also, increased EGFR was determined in grade 2 compared to grade 1 (P < 0.05). In conclusion, these results show that EGFR, CLDN7, EPCAM markers are measureable in PB and they may provide valuable information about the clinical pathophysiology of CMT.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45342021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this case report, lymphoblastic leukaemia is described in a five-year-old female guinea pig. Clinical examination revealed lymphadenopathy, mainly with increased size of the popliteal lymph nodes. Lymphoblast cells were determined haematologically. Postmortem findings were hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. Histopathological examination of liver, spleen and lymph nodes revealed tumour cells of lymphoblastic type. These cells showed considerable cellular pleomorphism. The protein markers CD3 and CD20 and paired box 5 (PAX5) transcription factor were traced immunohistochemically. Immunophenotypization using PAX5 showed nuclear positivity of this marker, but CD3 and CD20 (not interspecies cross-reactivity for guinea pig) demonstrated no positive reaction in the tumour cells. CD3-positive cells were found only in guinea pig tissue sections used as control. PAX5 in guinea pigs appears as a beneficial and preferred marker for B-cell derived tumours.
{"title":"B-cell lymphoblastic leukaemia in a guinea-pig – a case report","authors":"M. Levkut, P. Major, L. Kottferová, M. Levkut","doi":"10.2754/avb202190020221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2754/avb202190020221","url":null,"abstract":"In this case report, lymphoblastic leukaemia is described in a five-year-old female guinea pig. Clinical examination revealed lymphadenopathy, mainly with increased size of the popliteal lymph nodes. Lymphoblast cells were determined haematologically. Postmortem findings were hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. Histopathological examination of liver, spleen and lymph nodes revealed tumour cells of lymphoblastic type. These cells showed considerable cellular pleomorphism. The protein markers CD3 and CD20 and paired box 5 (PAX5) transcription factor were traced immunohistochemically. Immunophenotypization using PAX5 showed nuclear positivity of this marker, but CD3 and CD20 (not interspecies cross-reactivity for guinea pig) demonstrated no positive reaction in the tumour cells. CD3-positive cells were found only in guinea pig tissue sections used as control. PAX5 in guinea pigs appears as a beneficial and preferred marker for B-cell derived tumours.","PeriodicalId":7192,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brno","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45221050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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