Pub Date : 2019-01-22DOI: 10.19080/argh.2019.12.555831
R. Skopec
Rising global temperatures may be driving up rates of mental illness as well, a new study suggests. Last year was the third hottest on record, and 2016 was the hottest ever. And more people are struggling with mental health issues in the US now than any other time in the nation’s history. Superior predatory skills led to the evolutionary triumph of jawed vertebrates. However, the mechanisms by which the vertebrate brain controls predation remain largely unknown. Here, we reveal a critical role for the central nucleus of the amygdala in predatory hunting. Both optogenetic and chemogenetic stimulation of central amygdala of mice elicited predatory-like attacks upon both insect and artificial prey. Coordinated control of cervical and mandibular musculatures, which is necessary for accurately positioning lethal bites on prey, was mediated by a central amygdala projection to the reticular formation in the brainstem. populations during active hunting, we performed electromyogram monitoring of the masseter muscle concomitantly to array neuronal recordings. Principal component analyses of the neuronal data revealed that ∼40% of the recorded neurons increased activity during insect hunting, with hunting-excited CeA neurons maintaining activity levels throughout prey pursuit. The Central Nucleus of the Amygdala Controls Cervical-Mandibular Systems by Acting on Inhibitory Interneurons of the Parvocellular Reticular Formation. The Parvocellular Reticular Formation Contains Both Mandibular and Cervical Premotor Neurons. We investigated in greater depth the reticular circuitry mediating CeA control over craniofacial musculatures.
{"title":"Migration: Epidemic of Mental Disorders Caused by Global Warming and Inequality","authors":"R. Skopec","doi":"10.19080/argh.2019.12.555831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/argh.2019.12.555831","url":null,"abstract":"Rising global temperatures may be driving up rates of mental illness as well, a new study suggests. Last year was the third hottest on record, and 2016 was the hottest ever. And more people are struggling with mental health issues in the US now than any other time in the nation’s history. Superior predatory skills led to the evolutionary triumph of jawed vertebrates. However, the mechanisms by which the vertebrate brain controls predation remain largely unknown. Here, we reveal a critical role for the central nucleus of the amygdala in predatory hunting. Both optogenetic and chemogenetic stimulation of central amygdala of mice elicited predatory-like attacks upon both insect and artificial prey. Coordinated control of cervical and mandibular musculatures, which is necessary for accurately positioning lethal bites on prey, was mediated by a central amygdala projection to the reticular formation in the brainstem. populations during active hunting, we performed electromyogram monitoring of the masseter muscle concomitantly to array neuronal recordings. Principal component analyses of the neuronal data revealed that ∼40% of the recorded neurons increased activity during insect hunting, with hunting-excited CeA neurons maintaining activity levels throughout prey pursuit. The Central Nucleus of the Amygdala Controls Cervical-Mandibular Systems by Acting on Inhibitory Interneurons of the Parvocellular Reticular Formation. The Parvocellular Reticular Formation Contains Both Mandibular and Cervical Premotor Neurons. We investigated in greater depth the reticular circuitry mediating CeA control over craniofacial musculatures.","PeriodicalId":72074,"journal":{"name":"Advanced research in gastroenterology & hepatology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68370852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-17DOI: 10.19080/ARGH.2019.12.555829
K. Reyes
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease in the pediatric population Schwimmer JB et al. [1], Anderson et al. [2] & Le et al. [3]. NAFLD in children is associated with central obesity and insulin resistance Alterio & Vos et al. [4,5]. The prevalence of NAFLD in children with obesity is estimated to be 34.2%. That is significantly higher than the 7.6% among children from the general population Anderson et al. [2]. The understanding of the pathogenesis of NAFLD is essential to ensure the finding of a reproducible and accurate noninvasive tool to effectively detect the progress of hepatic steatosis Loomba [6]. This mini review focuses on the currently available noninvasive diagnostic modalities that can potentially be applied in children populations.
{"title":"Noninvasive Evaluations of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Pediatric Populations","authors":"K. Reyes","doi":"10.19080/ARGH.2019.12.555829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/ARGH.2019.12.555829","url":null,"abstract":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease in the pediatric population Schwimmer JB et al. [1], Anderson et al. [2] & Le et al. [3]. NAFLD in children is associated with central obesity and insulin resistance Alterio & Vos et al. [4,5]. The prevalence of NAFLD in children with obesity is estimated to be 34.2%. That is significantly higher than the 7.6% among children from the general population Anderson et al. [2]. The understanding of the pathogenesis of NAFLD is essential to ensure the finding of a reproducible and accurate noninvasive tool to effectively detect the progress of hepatic steatosis Loomba [6]. This mini review focuses on the currently available noninvasive diagnostic modalities that can potentially be applied in children populations.","PeriodicalId":72074,"journal":{"name":"Advanced research in gastroenterology & hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49136231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-17DOI: 10.19080/argh.2019.12.555830
Khlynova Ov
The purpose the work was studying of cardiovascular system disease prevalence and structure in persons with the inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) using Gastroenterology department of the Perm regional hospital as an example. It was the retrospective one-stage research including studying case histories of the patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) examined and treated in gastroenterological clinic for the period of 2013-2016. There were 291 patients with IBD, chronic cardiovascular pathology was revealed only in 90 patients. Comparative analysis showed that combined diseases were mainly spread in men with UC of middle and advanced age. The most typical for them was combination of UC and ischemic heart disease (50% of cases). Cardiovascular system pathology was 1.5 times more common for women with CD pathology. Besides CD, thromboses of peripheral veins (45% of cases) and myocardial dystrophy (24.5% of cases) were the most frequent pathologies. Due to the small number of patients with IBD and cardiovascular system pathology, it is not possible to claim unambiguously the degree of cardiac disorders in patients with IBD. Thus, it is planned to increase the number of observations to reach statistically optimum conclusion. Studying of this problem is of special practical importance for the possibility to regard patients with IBD as a group of patients with high cardiovascular risk. This will necessitate a number of preventive actions to prevent cardiovascular accidents of fatal and non-fatal
{"title":"Pathology of Cardiovascular System in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases","authors":"Khlynova Ov","doi":"10.19080/argh.2019.12.555830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/argh.2019.12.555830","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose the work was studying of cardiovascular system disease prevalence and structure in persons with the inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) using Gastroenterology department of the Perm regional hospital as an example. It was the retrospective one-stage research including studying case histories of the patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) examined and treated in gastroenterological clinic for the period of 2013-2016. There were 291 patients with IBD, chronic cardiovascular pathology was revealed only in 90 patients. Comparative analysis showed that combined diseases were mainly spread in men with UC of middle and advanced age. The most typical for them was combination of UC and ischemic heart disease (50% of cases). Cardiovascular system pathology was 1.5 times more common for women with CD pathology. Besides CD, thromboses of peripheral veins (45% of cases) and myocardial dystrophy (24.5% of cases) were the most frequent pathologies. Due to the small number of patients with IBD and cardiovascular system pathology, it is not possible to claim unambiguously the degree of cardiac disorders in patients with IBD. Thus, it is planned to increase the number of observations to reach statistically optimum conclusion. Studying of this problem is of special practical importance for the possibility to regard patients with IBD as a group of patients with high cardiovascular risk. This will necessitate a number of preventive actions to prevent cardiovascular accidents of fatal and non-fatal","PeriodicalId":72074,"journal":{"name":"Advanced research in gastroenterology & hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49400397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-16DOI: 10.19080/argh.2019.12.555828
E. R. García
Starting around 1990, incidence increased in this age group (20–49 years) from 8.6 per 100,000 to 12.5 per 100,000. The largest absolute increases in incidence have occurred among 40–49-year-olds, from 18.2 per 100,000 in 1992 to 26.5 per 100,000 in 2015. Similar increases have been reported across the world [3]. Asian studies (institutional reports) showed similar trends in patients less than 40 years of age, with a prevalence of 19.5-28.6%, which is clearly higher than that in the USA [46] meanwhile in Mexico at the National Cancer Institute, we reported an incidence of 22.8% [7].
{"title":"Why Young Patients are Having Colorectal Cancer?","authors":"E. R. García","doi":"10.19080/argh.2019.12.555828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/argh.2019.12.555828","url":null,"abstract":"Starting around 1990, incidence increased in this age group (20–49 years) from 8.6 per 100,000 to 12.5 per 100,000. The largest absolute increases in incidence have occurred among 40–49-year-olds, from 18.2 per 100,000 in 1992 to 26.5 per 100,000 in 2015. Similar increases have been reported across the world [3]. Asian studies (institutional reports) showed similar trends in patients less than 40 years of age, with a prevalence of 19.5-28.6%, which is clearly higher than that in the USA [46] meanwhile in Mexico at the National Cancer Institute, we reported an incidence of 22.8% [7].","PeriodicalId":72074,"journal":{"name":"Advanced research in gastroenterology & hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45472023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-11DOI: 10.19080/argh.2019.11.555825
E. M. Goloni-Bertollo
Sporadic colorectal cancer (SCRC) affects regions of the large intestine (colon) and rectum that are not of family origin. The carcinogenesis process involves the interaction between environmental and genetic factors. This tumor is characterized by intestinal obstruction, bleeding (hematochezia, enterorrhagia), an altered bowel habit, and systemic conditions, such as weight loss. Some risk factors for SCRC are age over 60 years, a diet with high saturated fat, red meat, alcohol consumption, and smoking. An early diagnosis is essential for effective patient treatment and survival. Finding more effective and less invasive tumor, such as biomarkers, are important for ensuring that people participate in cancer screenings. Some studies have evaluated molecular biomarkers, such as micro ribonucleic acids (microRNAs, or miRNAs) and genes, in relation to the pathways leading to SCRC carcinogenesis, and it has been found that many of these biomarkers are highly expressed in this type of tumor. This review shows data from the literature search in PubMed in the period from January 2017 to April 2018 focusing news biomarkers in SCRC, including microsatellite instability, genes, and micro ribonucleic acids (micro RNAs, or miRNAs), associated with diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment in blood, tissue and feces samples. Thus, this literature review shows that microsatellite instability and gene markers have been extensively studied and characterized as biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of SCRC. In addition, some miRNAs have been demonstrated as good noninvasive biomarkers in stool and plasma samples.
{"title":"A Summary of the Main Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Sporadic Colorectal Cancer: A Review","authors":"E. M. Goloni-Bertollo","doi":"10.19080/argh.2019.11.555825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/argh.2019.11.555825","url":null,"abstract":"Sporadic colorectal cancer (SCRC) affects regions of the large intestine (colon) and rectum that are not of family origin. The carcinogenesis process involves the interaction between environmental and genetic factors. This tumor is characterized by intestinal obstruction, bleeding (hematochezia, enterorrhagia), an altered bowel habit, and systemic conditions, such as weight loss. Some risk factors for SCRC are age over 60 years, a diet with high saturated fat, red meat, alcohol consumption, and smoking. An early diagnosis is essential for effective patient treatment and survival. Finding more effective and less invasive tumor, such as biomarkers, are important for ensuring that people participate in cancer screenings. Some studies have evaluated molecular biomarkers, such as micro ribonucleic acids (microRNAs, or miRNAs) and genes, in relation to the pathways leading to SCRC carcinogenesis, and it has been found that many of these biomarkers are highly expressed in this type of tumor. This review shows data from the literature search in PubMed in the period from January 2017 to April 2018 focusing news biomarkers in SCRC, including microsatellite instability, genes, and micro ribonucleic acids (micro RNAs, or miRNAs), associated with diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment in blood, tissue and feces samples. Thus, this literature review shows that microsatellite instability and gene markers have been extensively studied and characterized as biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of SCRC. In addition, some miRNAs have been demonstrated as good noninvasive biomarkers in stool and plasma samples.","PeriodicalId":72074,"journal":{"name":"Advanced research in gastroenterology & hepatology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41360720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-11DOI: 10.19080/ARGH.2019.11.555824
Shaposhnikov Veniamin Ivanovich
{"title":"Perforated Stomach Ulcer on the Background of Her Bleeding","authors":"Shaposhnikov Veniamin Ivanovich","doi":"10.19080/ARGH.2019.11.555824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/ARGH.2019.11.555824","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72074,"journal":{"name":"Advanced research in gastroenterology & hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45260897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-11DOI: 10.19080/argh.2019.12.555826
Khaled Metwally
Background: Liver fibrosis considered as a reversible disease, but curing the primary hepatic disease, sometimes, doesn’t mean fibrosis improvement. Steatosis could be one of the reasons responsible for this failure. Weight loss has been shown to improve fibrosis, but few data is available from Egypt. Objective: to test the effect of weight reduction on the degree of fibrosis improvement in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Methods: Adult patients (> 18 years) were recruited from hepatitis Cout patient’s clinic, National Liver Institute (NLI), University of Menoufyia, from 2016 to 2018. Results: Thirty CHC patients with moderate and severe steatosis, who were initially assessed by liver biopsy and Transient elastography (TE) for their fibrosis stage, were followed up by Transient elastography after losing >10% of their weight. Median age was 44.7 years (29 – 59 years) and 50% were men. The degree of fibrosis and its values improved with the significant weight loss (p < 0.01 for both). Conclusion: Weight reduction is associated with improvement of hepatic fibrosis in patient with CHC. Elastography; NAFLD: Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; N: Number, SD: Standard Deviation, BMI: Body Mass Index; ALT: Alanine Aminotransferase, AST: Aspartate Aminotransferase, RNA: Ribonucleic Acid, INR: International Normalized Ratio, kPa: Kilopascal
{"title":"Study the Effect of Weight Loss in Improvement of Hepatic Fibrosis in Patients with Chronic HCV","authors":"Khaled Metwally","doi":"10.19080/argh.2019.12.555826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/argh.2019.12.555826","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Liver fibrosis considered as a reversible disease, but curing the primary hepatic disease, sometimes, doesn’t mean fibrosis improvement. Steatosis could be one of the reasons responsible for this failure. Weight loss has been shown to improve fibrosis, but few data is available from Egypt. Objective: to test the effect of weight reduction on the degree of fibrosis improvement in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Methods: Adult patients (> 18 years) were recruited from hepatitis Cout patient’s clinic, National Liver Institute (NLI), University of Menoufyia, from 2016 to 2018. Results: Thirty CHC patients with moderate and severe steatosis, who were initially assessed by liver biopsy and Transient elastography (TE) for their fibrosis stage, were followed up by Transient elastography after losing >10% of their weight. Median age was 44.7 years (29 – 59 years) and 50% were men. The degree of fibrosis and its values improved with the significant weight loss (p < 0.01 for both). Conclusion: Weight reduction is associated with improvement of hepatic fibrosis in patient with CHC. Elastography; NAFLD: Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; N: Number, SD: Standard Deviation, BMI: Body Mass Index; ALT: Alanine Aminotransferase, AST: Aspartate Aminotransferase, RNA: Ribonucleic Acid, INR: International Normalized Ratio, kPa: Kilopascal","PeriodicalId":72074,"journal":{"name":"Advanced research in gastroenterology & hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45439355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.19080/argh.2019.13.555865
A. Bajaji
The term “Syringoma” is a derivative of the Greek word “Syrinx” which connotes a pipe or a tube. Syringoma is a benign adnexal tumour commonly affecting adolescents’ females, delineated in an estimated 1% population and configuring well differentiated ducts and cellular strands of basaloid epithelium. The tumour recapitulates the glandular epithelial structures. The neoplasm usually articulates as an intra-dermal or subcutaneous nodule. As syringoma frequently appears at puberty it can manifest a significant cosmetic impact [1,2].
{"title":"Cannula, Conduit, Subway: Syringoma","authors":"A. Bajaji","doi":"10.19080/argh.2019.13.555865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/argh.2019.13.555865","url":null,"abstract":"The term “Syringoma” is a derivative of the Greek word “Syrinx” which connotes a pipe or a tube. Syringoma is a benign adnexal tumour commonly affecting adolescents’ females, delineated in an estimated 1% population and configuring well differentiated ducts and cellular strands of basaloid epithelium. The tumour recapitulates the glandular epithelial structures. The neoplasm usually articulates as an intra-dermal or subcutaneous nodule. As syringoma frequently appears at puberty it can manifest a significant cosmetic impact [1,2].","PeriodicalId":72074,"journal":{"name":"Advanced research in gastroenterology & hepatology","volume":"22 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68371082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanna Cao, Madeline Drake, Joy Davis, Baibing Yang, Tien C Ko
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) comprise a major subgroup of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily. They play pivotal roles in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis in adults. Deregulation of BMP and TGF-β signaling contributes to developmental anomalies and multiple diseases. In this mini-review, we focus on BMP signaling in inflammatory disorders of the pancreas, acute and chronic pancreatitis, in contrast to TGF-β signaling. We then discuss molecular mechanisms that interact with and connect between the BMP and TGF-β signaling pathways. Lastly, we review potential implications of these molecular mechanisms for therapeutic development. In summary, BMP signaling pathway plays different roles during pancreatitis disease development, and the antagonism between BMP and TGF-β signaling can be manipulated for therapeutic development against pancreatitis.
{"title":"Opposing Roles of BMP and TGF-β Signaling Pathways in Pancreatitis: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implication.","authors":"Yanna Cao, Madeline Drake, Joy Davis, Baibing Yang, Tien C Ko","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) comprise a major subgroup of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily. They play pivotal roles in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis in adults. Deregulation of BMP and TGF-β signaling contributes to developmental anomalies and multiple diseases. In this mini-review, we focus on BMP signaling in inflammatory disorders of the pancreas, acute and chronic pancreatitis, in contrast to TGF-β signaling. We then discuss molecular mechanisms that interact with and connect between the BMP and TGF-β signaling pathways. Lastly, we review potential implications of these molecular mechanisms for therapeutic development. In summary, BMP signaling pathway plays different roles during pancreatitis disease development, and the antagonism between BMP and TGF-β signaling can be manipulated for therapeutic development against pancreatitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":72074,"journal":{"name":"Advanced research in gastroenterology & hepatology","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7093075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37770265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.19080/argh.2019.13.555857
V. Malhotra
The proportion of babies that became HBV chronic carriers is about 10% to 30% for mothers who are HBsAg positive but HBeAg negative. However, the incidence of perinatal infections is higher, i.e. 70% to 90%, when the mother is also HBeAg positive [3]. There are three possible routes of transmission of HBV from infected mothers to infants: transplacental transmission of HBV in utero, natal transmission during delivery or post-natal transmission during care of infant or through breast milk [4]. Though several studies on epidemiology of viral hepatitis in pregnancy are available, there is paucity of data on maternal to child transmission (MTCT) of HBV during pregnancy.
{"title":"Hepatitis B Elimination - Preventing Vertical Transmission is must","authors":"V. Malhotra","doi":"10.19080/argh.2019.13.555857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/argh.2019.13.555857","url":null,"abstract":"The proportion of babies that became HBV chronic carriers is about 10% to 30% for mothers who are HBsAg positive but HBeAg negative. However, the incidence of perinatal infections is higher, i.e. 70% to 90%, when the mother is also HBeAg positive [3]. There are three possible routes of transmission of HBV from infected mothers to infants: transplacental transmission of HBV in utero, natal transmission during delivery or post-natal transmission during care of infant or through breast milk [4]. Though several studies on epidemiology of viral hepatitis in pregnancy are available, there is paucity of data on maternal to child transmission (MTCT) of HBV during pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":72074,"journal":{"name":"Advanced research in gastroenterology & hepatology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68370870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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