Advances in ophthalmology practice and research最新文献_第7页

Quantification of vascular morphology in optical coherence tomography angiography in primary open angle glaucoma 原发性开角型青光眼光学相干断层扫描血管造影术中血管形态的量化。

Advances in ophthalmology practice and research

Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aopr.2023.05.002

Praneeth Kalva , Rubeel Akram , Priya Mekala , Monica Patel , Sruthi Suresh , Karanjit S. Kooner

Purpose

To quantitatively measure and compare the vascular morphology in healthy eyes and eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) scans.

Methods

This is a retrospective and cross-sectional study which include healthy individuals and individuals with POAG that underwent OCTA imaging at an academic center's glaucoma clinic. We analyzed OCTA scans of the macula and optic nerve head (ONH) of one eye from each subject to quantitatively measure vessel density (VD), vessel length density (VLD), and branchpoint density (BPD). We compared these 3 parameters between the healthy and POAG groups and used logistic regression classification models to determine their diagnostic value in differentiating healthy and glaucomatous eyes.

Results

We included 49 healthy subjects and 49 subjects with POAG. After age-adjusted analysis, the parameters of VD, VLD, and BPD were significantly reduced in eyes with POAG (P < 0.001) in all scan layers and most significantly around the ONH. The parameter with the best performances were radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) VD [AUC (areas under the curve): 0.939 (0.891, 0.987)] which had statistically higher performances (P < 0.05) than parameters in the superficial or deep layers. All 3 parameters in the RPC layer had statistically similar performances.

Conclusions

We found that VD, VLD, and BPD were reduced in glaucomatous eyes. The morphologic parameters of VLD and BPD had similar performances to the traditional parameter of VD in RPC layers. Our results suggest that vascular morphology parameters may provide additional value in the diagnosis and evaluation of glaucoma.

目的：应用光学相干断层扫描血管造影术（OCTA）对健康眼和原发性开角型青光眼（POAG）眼的血管形态进行定量测量和比较。方法：这是一项回顾性和横断面研究，包括健康个体和在学术中心青光眼诊所接受OCTA成像的POAG患者。我们分析了每个受试者一只眼睛的黄斑和视神经头（ONH）的OCTA扫描，以定量测量血管密度（VD）、血管长度密度（VLD）和分支点密度（BPD）。我们比较了健康组和POAG组的这3个参数，并使用逻辑回归分类模型来确定它们在区分健康眼和青光眼方面的诊断价值。结果：我们纳入了49名健康受试者和49名POAG受试者。经年龄校正分析，POAG患者VD、VLD和BPD参数均显著降低（PP结论：我们发现青光眼患者VD、VLD和BPD降低。在RPC层中，VLD和BPD的形态学参数与VD的传统参数具有相似的性能。我们的研究结果表明，血管形态学参数可能在青光眼的诊断和评估中提供额外的价值。

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引用次数: 0

Stereopsis after bilateral implantation of Toric intraocular lenses in high myopic cataract patients with astigmatism 高度近视散光白内障患者双侧托里人工晶状体植入术后的立体视觉。

Advances in ophthalmology practice and research

Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aopr.2023.07.001

Wei Fan , Guangbin Zhang

Purpose

To evaluate near, intermediate, distance visual acuity and stereopsis after bilateral implantation of Toric intraocular lenses (IOLs) in high myopic patients with astigmatism.

Methods

Bilateral Toric or non-Toric IOL implantation (n = 40 eyes each) was performed on high myopic cataract eyes with astigmatism. Best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA), uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (UCIVA), uncorrected near visual acuity (UCNVA), residual refractive astigmatism (RRA), and near, intermediate, and distance stereoacuity were measured postoperatively at 7 days, 1 month, and 3 months.

Results

The three-month postoperative BCDVA, UCIVA, and UCNVA of the Toric group were 0.08 ± 0.07, 0.30 ± 0.11, and 0.23 ± 0.14 LogMAR. All improved over the preoperative assessments (P < 0.05). The RRA, UCIVA, and UCNVA were significantly better in the Toric group than the non-Toric group at all follow-up examinations (all P < 0.05). At 3 months, the median near and intermediate stereoacuity of the Toric group were 100 (range 40 – 400) and 120 (range 50 – 400) arcsec, which were better than the non-Toric group (both P < 0.05). Fine near stereopsis ≥100 arcsec was present in 65% of the Toric patients, and 50% had good intermediate stereopsis of ≥100 arcsec. However among non-Toric patients, only 15% and 5% achieved fine near and intermediate stereopsis. The postoperative BCDVA and best-corrected distance stereoacuity were similar in the two groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

In bilateral high myopic cataract patients with astigmatism, Toric IOLs not only improved UCIVA, UCNVA, and RRA, but also enhanced near and intermediate stereopsis acuity.

目的：评价高度近视散光患者双侧托里人工晶状体植入术后的近、中、远视力和立体视觉。方法：双侧托里或非托里人工晶状体植入术（n=每只40眼）对具有散光的高度近视性白内障眼进行。术后第7天、第1个月和第3个月分别测量最佳矫正远距视力（BCDVA）、未矫正中距视力（UCIVA）、未矫治近距视力（UCNVA）、残余屈光性散光（RRA）以及近、中、远距立体视力。结果：Toric组术后3个月BCDVA、UCIVA和UCNVA分别为0.08±0.070.30±0.11和0.23±0.14 LogMAR。与术前评估相比均有改善（PPPP>结论：在伴有散光的双侧高度近视白内障患者中，Toric IOL不仅改善了UCIVA、UCNVA和RRA，而且提高了近中立体视觉的视力。

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引用次数: 0

Late postoperative opacification of a new type hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lens 新型亲水性丙烯酸人工晶状体术后晚期混浊。

Advances in ophthalmology practice and research

Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aopr.2023.06.001

Jin Xie , Xinyi Zang , Shilan Mao , Jie Sun , Ting Liu , Yunhai Dai

Background

To report the clinical consequences and laboratory characteristics of late postoperative opacification of a hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lens (US-860UV IOL) as well as the prognosis of IOL replacement.

Methods

Forty medical records (42 eyes) of patients with US-860UV IOL opacification reporting decreased or lost vision who underwent IOL explantation between 2017 and 2019 were reviewed. Explanted IOLs were analyzed by slit-lamp examination, confocal microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) at the Shandong Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University, and Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.

Results

The mean age of the 40 patients was 74.83 ± 7.57 (63–92) years. The mean interval between cataract surgery and diagnosis of opacification was 32.38 ± 8.76 (17–48) months. Systemic diseases were found without statistical correlations, the most frequent being arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, and diabetes mellitus. Visual acuity improved from 1.42 ± 1.03 to 0.31 ± 0.16 (logMAR) after IOL replacement. SEM, EDS and alizarin red staining showed uniformly distributed, diffuse, milk-white opacification, with calcium and phosphorus deposits on the optic and haptic surfaces that could be dissolved in 1% HCl.

Conclusions

Calcium and phosphorus deposition was the main cause of hydrophilic acrylic US-860UV IOL opacification. IOL replacement can safely and effectively improve the visual acuity of patients.

背景：报道亲水性丙烯酸人工晶状体（US-860UV IOL）术后晚期混浊的临床后果、实验室特征以及人工晶状体置换术的预后。方法：回顾2017年至2019年间接受人工晶状体植入术的40例US-860UV人工晶状体混浊患者（42眼）的病历，这些患者报告视力下降或丧失。在中国青岛的山东眼科重点实验室、山东眼科研究所、山东第一医科大学和青岛科技大学，通过裂隙灯检查、共聚焦显微镜、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和能谱仪（EDS）对植入的人工晶状体进行了分析±7.57（63-92）年。白内障手术与混浊诊断之间的平均间隔时间为32.38±8.76（17-48）个月。系统性疾病没有统计学相关性，最常见的是动脉高压、冠心病和糖尿病。视力从1.42提高±1.03至0.31±0.16（logMAR）。扫描电镜、能谱仪和茜素红染色显示乳白色混浊，钙和磷沉积在视觉和触觉表面，可溶解在1%盐酸中。结论：钙和磷的沉积是亲水性丙烯酸US-860UV IOL混浊的主要原因。人工晶状体置换术可以安全有效地提高患者的视力。

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引用次数: 0

Clinical characteristics of radiation-induced optic neuropathy: A single-center retrospective study 放射性视神经病变的临床特征：一项单中心回顾性研究。

Advances in ophthalmology practice and research

Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aopr.2023.05.003

Yongping Wang, Junxia Fu, Huanfen Zhou, Hongen Li, Quangang Xu, Shihui Wei

Purpose

To observe the clinical and imaging characteristics of radiation-induced optic neuropathy (RION).

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 43 patients (69 eyes) who were diagnosed with RION at the Chinese PLA General Hospital from 2010 to 2021.

Results

The latency from radiotherapy to onset of visual loss ranged from 1 to 132 (36.33 ± 30.48) months. Optic disc pallor and optic disc edema were found in 27.0% (10/37) and 8.1% (3/37) of the eyes, respectively, within 2 months. After treatment, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was restored in 24.6% (17/69) of the eyes and the final BCVA improved in 13.0% (9/69) of the eyes. An 82.5% (33/40) of the eyes with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed enhancement of the affected optic nerve, mostly (69.7%) in the intracranial segment, and 36.4% (12/33) of the eyes with expansion and T2-high signals also showed enhancement of the affected optic nerve. The superior retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and the outer circle superior quadrant (OS) of the inner limiting membrane to retinal pigment epithelium (ILM-RPE) layer thinned significantly during the first month. The center of the ILM-RPE layer thickened significantly during the first two months and the inner circle temporal quadrant (IT) of the ILM-RPE layer thickened significantly from the third to sixth month. The RNFL thinned significantly after 6 months except for the temporal quadrant, and the average inner circle superior quadrant (IS) and outer circle of the ILM-RPE layer thinned significantly after 6 months. There was no significant difference between hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) and high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) therapy in improving BCVA recovery or final BCVA (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

The structural damage of the RNFL and ILM-RPE layer occurred during the first month, the RNFL showed progressive thinning during the follow-up period, while the ILM-RPE layer showed thinning during the first month, thickening from the third to sixth month, and thinning after 6 months. There was a discrete region of enhancement of the optic nerve, often with expansion and high-T2 signals on MRI. HBOT and high-dose IVMP therapy were hardly effective for treating RION in the non-acute stage.

目的：观察放射性视神经病变（RION）的临床及影像学特点。方法：回顾性分析中国人民解放军总医院2010～2021年收治的43例（69眼）RION患者的临床资料±30.48）个月。在2个月内，27.0%（10/37）和8.1%（3/37）的眼睛出现视盘苍白和视盘水肿。治疗后，24.6%（17/69）的眼恢复了最佳矫正视力（BCVA），13.0%（9/69）的眼睛最终矫正视力有所改善。82.5%（33/40）的磁共振成像（MRI）眼睛显示受影响的视神经增强，大部分（69.7%）在颅内段，36.4%（12/33）的扩张和T2高信号眼睛也显示受影响视神经增强。视网膜上神经纤维层（RNFL）和内界膜至视网膜色素上皮（ILM-RPE）层的外圈上象限（OS）在第一个月显著变薄。前两个月ILM-RPE层中心明显增厚，第三个月至第六个月ILM-RPE层内圈时间象限（IT）明显增厚。除颞象限外，RNFL在6个月后显著变薄，ILM-RPE层的平均内圈上象限（IS）和外圈在6个月中显著变薄。高压氧治疗（HBOT）和大剂量静脉注射甲基强的松龙（IVMP）在改善BCVA恢复或最终BCVA方面没有显著差异（P>0.05）。结论：RNFL和ILM-RPE层的结构损伤发生在第一个月，RNFL在随访期间表现为渐进性变薄，而ILM-RPE层在第一个月中表现为变薄，在第三个月至第六个月增厚，在6个月后变薄。视神经有一个离散的增强区域，MRI上通常有扩张和高T2信号。HBOT和高剂量IVMP治疗非急性期RION几乎无效。

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引用次数: 0

Outcomes of vitrectomy, complete pan-retinal photocoagulation, and endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation surgery after anti-VEGF treatment in neovascular glaucoma 抗VEGF治疗新生血管性青光眼后玻璃体切除术、全视网膜光凝术和内镜下睫状体光凝术的结果。

Advances in ophthalmology practice and research

Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aopr.2023.05.001

Jinglan Li , Siwenyue Zhang , Baoke Hou

Purpose

To establish a comprehensive treatment strategy and evaluate the efficacy of combination of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injection, pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), endoscopic pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRP), and endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) surgery for neovascular glaucoma (NVG) patients.

Methods

This retrospective study included 30 patients (30 eyes) who were suffering from NVG and treated with PPV & PRP & ECP (ECP group, 16 eyes), or Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation (Ahmed group, 14 eyes). The intraocular pressure (IOP), number of postoperative anti-glaucoma medications, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), successful rate of surgery, and postoperative complications were recorded and statistically analyzed at the time points of preoperative, 1-day, 1-month, 3-months, 6-months, and 12-months after operation.

Results

An obvious reduction in IOP and number of postoperative anti-glaucoma medications were observed in both the ECP group and Ahmed group after operation (P < 0.05), and the ECP group showed a significantly lower IOP compared to the Ahmed group at the 6-months (P = 0.014) and 12-months (P = 0.047) postoperative time points, while there was no significant difference of medication number between the two groups except for 1-day after surgery. The BCVA showed no marked difference between the two groups preoperatively and postoperatively (P > 0.05), while it was significantly improved in ECP group at 3-months (P = 0.001), 6-months (P = 0.004), and 12-months (P = 0.010) time points comparing with preoperative BCVA. The surgical success rates in ECP group were also slightly higher than Ahmed group. And the complications after operation showed no marked differences.

Conclusions

The comprehensive treatment of PPV, endoscopic PRP, and ECP surgery for NVG patients after anti-VEGF injection can control IOP effectively and be friendly to patients’ BCVA without obvious serious complications throughout a 12-months follow-up period.

目的：建立一种综合治疗策略，并评估抗血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）注射、平坦部玻璃体切除术（PPV）、内镜下全视网膜光凝术（PRP）和内镜下环光凝术联合治疗新生血管性青光眼（NVG）患者的疗效。方法：本回顾性研究包括30例NVG患者（30眼），接受PPV、PRP和ECP治疗（ECP组，16眼）或Ahmed青光眼瓣膜植入术（Ahmed组，14眼）。在术前、术后1天、1个月、3个月、6个月和12个月的时间点记录并统计分析眼压（IOP）、术后抗青光眼药物的数量、最佳矫正视力（BCVA）、手术成功率和术后并发症。结果：ECP组和Ahmed组术后眼压和抗青光眼药物用量均明显下降（PP=0.014）和12个月（P=0.047）术后时间点，除术后1天外，两组用药次数无显著差异。两组术前、术后BCVA差异无统计学意义（P>而ECP组在3个月时有显著改善（P=0.001）、6个月（P=0.004）和12个月（P=0.010）时间点。ECP组的手术成功率也略高于Ahmed组。术后并发症无明显差异。结论：NVG患者注射抗VEGF后，PPV、内镜下PRP和ECP手术的综合治疗可以有效控制眼压，对患者的BCVA友好，在12个月的随访期内没有明显的严重并发症。

{"title":"Outcomes of vitrectomy, complete pan-retinal photocoagulation, and endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation surgery after anti-VEGF treatment in neovascular glaucoma","authors":"Jinglan Li , Siwenyue Zhang , Baoke Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.aopr.2023.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aopr.2023.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To establish a comprehensive treatment strategy and evaluate the efficacy of combination of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injection, pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), endoscopic pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRP), and endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) surgery for neovascular glaucoma (NVG) patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This retrospective study included 30 patients (30 eyes) who were suffering from NVG and treated with PPV & PRP & ECP (ECP group, 16 eyes), or Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation (Ahmed group, 14 eyes). The intraocular pressure (IOP), number of postoperative anti-glaucoma medications, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), successful rate of surgery, and postoperative complications were recorded and statistically analyzed at the time points of preoperative, 1-day, 1-month, 3-months, 6-months, and 12-months after operation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>An obvious reduction in IOP and number of postoperative anti-glaucoma medications were observed in both the ECP group and Ahmed group after operation (<em>P</em> < 0.05), and the ECP group showed a significantly lower IOP compared to the Ahmed group at the 6-months (<em>P</em> = 0.014) and 12-months (<em>P</em> = 0.047) postoperative time points, while there was no significant difference of medication number between the two groups except for 1-day after surgery. The BCVA showed no marked difference between the two groups preoperatively and postoperatively (<em>P</em> > 0.05), while it was significantly improved in ECP group at 3-months (<em>P</em> = 0.001), 6-months (<em>P</em> = 0.004), and 12-months (<em>P</em> = 0.010) time points comparing with preoperative BCVA. The surgical success rates in ECP group were also slightly higher than Ahmed group. And the complications after operation showed no marked differences.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The comprehensive treatment of PPV, endoscopic PRP, and ECP surgery for NVG patients after anti-VEGF injection can control IOP effectively and be friendly to patients’ BCVA without obvious serious complications throughout a 12-months follow-up period.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72103,"journal":{"name":"Advances in ophthalmology practice and research","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 112-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f6/26/main.PMC10577840.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41241545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The necessity of pretreatment with 0.1% pranoprofen for femtosecond-assisted cataract surgery: A single-center, randomized controlled trial 0.1%普萘洛尔预处理用于飞秒辅助白内障手术的必要性：一项单中心随机对照试验

Advances in ophthalmology practice and research

Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.aopr.2023.07.002

Zhao Geng , Ling Gao , Chongyi Li , He Xiao , Liqi Fan , Pei Liu , Juan Yu , Rongdi Yuan , Jian Ye

Purpose

To explore the effect of the variation of pupil diameter (PD) and intraocular pressure (IOP) induced by femtosecond laser treatment on the subsequent phacoemulsfication and intraocular lens implantation. And whether the application of 0.1% pranoprofen could significantly reduce the miosis and increased IOP caused by femtosecond laser treatment in femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS).

Methods

In this study, patients were pretreated with (trial group) or without (control group) topical 0.1% pranoprofen. The PD and IOP were measured at different time points within 30 min after the completion of the femtosecond laser treatment.

Results

The comparisons of the two groups showed the PD of patients pretreated with 0.1% pranoprofen was significantly larger than that of the control only at 15 min after FLACS (P = 0.046), and there was no significant difference in IOP at any time point (P > 0.05). Neither the ratio of significant miosis (PD ≤ 5 mm) nor intraocular hypertension (IOP ≥30 mmHg) was significantly different between the control group (1.72%, 6.67%) and the trial group (1%, 4.17%) (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

The PD and IOP of patients undergoing FLACS showed fluctuations within a small range. The rates of significant miosis and intraocular hypertension are very low, it is safe for surgeons to complete the follow-up procedures within 30 min after femtosecond laser treatment. Pretreatment with 0.1% pranoprofen exerted a slight, albeit significant prophylactic effect preventing pupil miosis. However, it provided only a limited benefit in patients undergoing FLACS without other complications.

目的探讨飞秒激光治疗引起的瞳孔直径（PD）和眼压（IOP）的变化对后续白内障超声乳化和人工晶状体植入的影响。以及在飞秒激光辅助白内障手术（FLACS）中应用0.1%普萘洛尔是否能显著降低飞秒激光治疗引起的瞳孔缩小和眼压升高。方法本研究采用（试验组）或（对照组）外用0.1%普萘洛尔对患者进行预处理。在30分钟内的不同时间点测量PD和IOP在飞秒激光处理完成后分钟。结果两组患者经0.1%普萘洛尔预处理后的PD在15岁时明显大于对照组FLACS后min（P=0.046），眼压在任何时间点均无显著差异（P>；0.05）≤5mm）和眼压（IOP≥30mmHg）在对照组（1.72%，6.67%）和试验组（1%，4.17%）之间有显著差异（P>；结论FLACS患者的PD和IOP在小范围内波动。显著的瞳孔缩小和眼压升高的发生率非常低，外科医生在30分钟内完成随访是安全的飞秒激光处理后min。0.1%普萘洛尔预处理对预防瞳孔缩小有轻微但显著的预防作用。然而，在没有其他并发症的FLACS患者中，它只提供了有限的益处。

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引用次数: 0

Retinal safety and toxicity study of artesunate in vitro and in vivo 青蒿琥酯的体内外视网膜安全性及毒性研究

Advances in ophthalmology practice and research

Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aopr.2022.11.003

Bing-Wen Lu , Yu-Xiang Liang , Jin-Feng Liu , Zhong-Qing Sun , Kwok-Fai So , Kin Chiu

Background

Artesunate (ART), a member of the artemisinin family, possesses multi-properties, including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and anti-tumor. ART was recently reported to show anti-neovascularization effect on the cornea, iris, and retina. Compared to the expensive anti-VEGF treatment, this versatile, economical treatment option is attractive in the ophthalmic field. The safety and toxicity profile of ART intravitreal application are in utmost need.

Methods

In this study, immortalized microglial (IMG) cells were treated with ART to determine the safe concentrations without inducing overt inflammatory reactions. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to detect the cytokine expressions in IMG cells in response to ART stimulation. Various doses of ART were intravitreally injected into the right eyes of C57BL/6 mice. Retinal function was tested by electroretinogram, and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) survival was evaluated by counting Brn3a stained cells in flat-mounted retinas at 7 days after ART injection.

Results

ART below 5μM was safe for IMG cells in vitro. Both 2.5 and 5 μM ART treatment increased IL-10 gene expression in IMG cells while not changing IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and Arg-1. In the in vivo study, intravitreal injection of ART below 100 μM did not cause deterioration in the retinal function and RGC survival of the mouse eyes, while 1 mM ART treatment significantly attenuated both the scotopic and photopic b-wave amplitudes and impaired RGC survival. In addition, treatment with ART of 25, 50, and 100 μM significantly decreased TNF-α gene expression while ART of 100 μM significantly increased IL-10 in the mouse retina.

Conclusions

Intravitreal injection of 100 μM ART could downregulate TNF-α while upregulate IL-10 in the mouse retina without causing retinal functional deterioration and RGC loss. ART might be used as anti-inflammatory agent for retinal disorders.

背景青蒿素家族成员Artesunate（ART）具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤等多种特性。ART最近被报道对角膜、虹膜和视网膜具有抗新生血管作用。与昂贵的抗VEGF治疗相比，这种多功能、经济的治疗选择在眼科领域具有吸引力。ART玻璃体内应用的安全性和毒性是最需要的。方法对永生化小胶质细胞（IMG）进行ART处理，在不引起明显炎症反应的情况下确定安全浓度。逆转录聚合酶链式反应分析用于检测IMG细胞对ART刺激的细胞因子表达。将不同剂量的ART玻璃体内注射到C57BL/6小鼠的右眼中。通过视网膜电图测试视网膜功能，并通过计数ART注射后7天平板视网膜中Brn3a染色的细胞来评估视网膜神经节细胞（RGC）的存活率。结果5μM以下的ART对体外培养的IMG细胞是安全的。2.5和5μM ART治疗增加了IMG细胞中IL-10基因的表达，而不改变IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α和Arg-1。在体内研究中，玻璃体内注射ART低于100μM不会导致小鼠眼睛的视网膜功能和RGC存活率恶化，而1mM ART治疗显著减弱了暗视和明视b波振幅，并损害了RGC的存活率。此外，ART治疗25、50和100μM显著降低TNF-α基因表达，而ART为100μM显著增加小鼠视网膜中的IL-10。结论100μM ART可下调小鼠视网膜TNF-α，同时上调IL-10，而不会导致视网膜功能恶化和RGC丧失。ART可能被用作视网膜疾病的抗炎剂。

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引用次数: 0

Research progress of iron metabolism in retinal diseases 铁代谢在视网膜疾病中的研究进展。

Advances in ophthalmology practice and research

Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aopr.2023.02.001

Cunzi Li , Chunyu Xiao , Hui Tao , Xianling Tang

Background

Retinal diseases can lead to severe visual impairment and even blindness, but current treatments are limited. For precise targeted therapy, the pathophysiological mechanisms of the diseases still need to be further explored. Iron serves an essential role in many biological activities and helps maintain the function and morphology of the retina. The vision problems caused by retinal diseases are affecting more and more people, the study of iron metabolism in retinal diseases possesses great potential for clinical application.

Main text

Iron maintains a dynamic balance in the retina but in excess is toxic to the retina. Iron overload can lead to various pathological changes in the retina through oxidative stress, inflammation, cell death, angiogenesis and other pathways. It is therefore involved in the progression of retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, retinitis pigmentosa, and hereditary iron overload. In recent years, iron chelators have been shown to be effective in the treatment of retinal diseases, but the exact mechanism is not yet fully understood. This question prompted further investigation into the specific mechanisms by which iron metabolism is involved in retinal disease.

Conclusions

This review summarizes iron metabolism processes in the retina and mechanistic studies of iron metabolism in the progression of retinal disease. It also highlights the therapeutic potential of iron chelators in retinal diseases.

背景：视网膜疾病可导致严重的视觉损伤，甚至失明，但目前的治疗方法有限。对于精确的靶向治疗，这些疾病的病理生理机制仍有待进一步探索。铁在许多生物活动中起着重要作用，有助于维持视网膜的功能和形态。视网膜疾病引起的视力问题影响着越来越多的人，对视网膜疾病中铁代谢的研究具有巨大的临床应用潜力。正文：铁在视网膜中保持动态平衡，但过量对视网膜有毒。铁过载可通过氧化应激、炎症、细胞死亡、血管生成等途径导致视网膜发生各种病理变化。因此，它参与视网膜疾病的进展，如年龄相关性黄斑变性、青光眼、糖尿病视网膜病变、视网膜色素变性和遗传性铁过载。近年来，铁螯合剂已被证明对治疗视网膜疾病有效，但其确切机制尚不完全清楚。这个问题促使人们进一步研究铁代谢参与视网膜疾病的具体机制。结论：本文综述了视网膜中的铁代谢过程以及铁代谢在视网膜疾病进展中的机制研究。它还强调了铁螯合剂在视网膜疾病中的治疗潜力。

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引用次数: 1

Image registration: Required for all ophthalmic imaging as demonstrated by optoretinography 图像配准：所有眼科成像都需要，如视网膜光成像所示。

Advances in ophthalmology practice and research

Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aopr.2023.03.001

Ronald A. Schachar , Ira H. Schachar , Andrzej Grzybowski

引用次数: 0

How to become a good surgeon 如何成为一名优秀的外科医生。

Advances in ophthalmology practice and research

Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aopr.2023.01.001

Peter Wiedemann

引用次数: 0