Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)最新文献_第5页

Recent drinking in alcohol use disorder as a modifiable risk factor of postural tremor and instability in mild cognitive impairment: An initial study 近期饮酒中的酒精使用障碍是轻度认知障碍患者体位性震颤和不稳定的可改变危险因素：一项初步研究

IF 2.7 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)

Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1111/acer.70191

Edith V. Sullivan, Stephanie A. Sassoon, Rosemary Fama, Mia Leonard, Natalie M. Zahr, Adolf Pfefferbaum

Background

Alcohol consumption exacerbates health problems, including all-cause dementia, that will likely include 15%–20% with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), often heralding dementia. Despite the increasing prevalence of MCI with hazardous drinking, this comorbidity is seldom considered yet may be a contributor to exacerbating age-related motor decline, debilitating morbidity, and premature mortality.

Methods

This mixed cross-sectional/longitudinal analysis included upward of 381 test sessions of balance platform testing using a microcomputer-controlled force plate for sway and tremor detection. Participants included 137 control, 54 MCI, 18 MCI + alcohol use disorder (AUD), and 17 AUD age 45–90 years. Test conditions were standing still with feet together or apart, eyes open or closed or doing mental math.

Results

Controls exhibited greater postural instability and tremor velocity with advancing age in all conditions. Control values were used to adjust for age and sex in all conditions for all group analyses. The MCI group did not differ from the controls in any condition. By contrast, the MCI + AUD and AUD groups exhibited significantly greater age effects than controls in 11 conditions, especially when stability was challenged by standing with feet together or while performing mental math. Exploratory analyses in the combined MCI + AUD and AUD groups identified relations between greater postural instability and more alcohol consumed in the past year. These findings are preliminary given the small samples.

Conclusions

Age, irrespective of diagnosis, imbues liability onto postural stability, evidenced by longer sway paths and greater tremor velocity, especially under challenging conditions. Although the MCI group showed no evidence for disturbed balance metrics beyond those observed in controls, MCI participants comorbid for AUD exhibited deficits at similar levels to those shown by AUD participants in quiet standing, indicating recent drinking in individuals with a history of AUD as a modifiable risk factor for postural instability, a liability for falls and dementia.

背景：饮酒会加剧健康问题，包括全因痴呆，其中可能包括15%-20%的轻度认知障碍（MCI），通常预示着痴呆。尽管轻度认知障碍与危险饮酒的发病率越来越高，但这种共病很少被考虑，但可能是加剧与年龄相关的运动衰退、衰弱性发病率和过早死亡的一个因素。方法：该混合横截面/纵向分析包括381次以上的平衡平台测试，使用微机控制的测力板进行摇摆和震颤检测。参与者包括对照组137人，轻度认知障碍54人，轻度认知障碍+酒精使用障碍18人，年龄45-90岁的AUD 17人。测试条件是双脚并拢或分开站立不动，眼睛睁开或闭上，或者做心算。结果：在所有情况下，对照组都表现出更大的姿势不稳定和震颤速度。在所有分组分析中，控制值用于调整所有条件下的年龄和性别。MCI组与对照组在任何情况下都没有差异。相比之下，MCI + AUD组和AUD组在11种情况下比对照组表现出更大的年龄效应，特别是当稳定性受到双脚并立或进行心算的挑战时。综合MCI + AUD组和AUD组的探索性分析确定了过去一年中更大的姿势不稳定性与更多的酒精消耗之间的关系。这些发现是初步的，因为样本很小。结论：年龄，与诊断无关，会影响体位稳定性，表现为更长的摇摆路径和更大的震颤速度，特别是在具有挑战性的条件下。尽管MCI组没有显示出比对照组更明显的平衡指标紊乱的证据，但MCI患者与AUD患者在安静站立时表现出的缺陷水平相似，这表明有AUD病史的个体最近饮酒是姿势不稳定、跌倒和痴呆的可改变风险因素。

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引用次数: 0

Women and alcohol: A call to action 妇女与酒精：行动呼吁。

IF 2.7 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1111/acer.70205

Sherry A. McKee, Valerie A. Earnshaw, Elizabeth Epstein, Tonda L. Hughes, Ann Dowsett Johnston, Christina S. Lee, Barbara S. McCrady, Kimberly Nixon, Mackenzie P. Peltier, Marisa Roberto, Jillian R. Scheer, Terril Verplaetse, David F. Werner, Yasmin Zakiniaeiz, Kelly P. Cosgrove

引用次数: 0

Articles of Public Interest 公共利益物品

IF 2.7 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)

Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1111/acer.70190

<p>Examining genetic, family, and personality characteristics may help identify those who are at high risk for drinking and drinking problems as teenagers. A study, published in <i>Alcohol: Clinical & Experimental Research</i>, found these factors to be associated with drinking behaviors during teenage and early adulthood and could be used to identify teens who would benefit from prevention and intervention strategies to reduce their risk of developing drinking problems.</p><p>The study analyzed data from a large cohort of children born in England between 1991 and 1992 to identify the relationship between genetic, familial, and psychosocial factors and their drinking behaviors from ages 16 to 23. Researchers looked specifically at factors that have been shown in prior studies to put teens at higher risk for alcohol use, including genes, family history of drinking problems, personality traits, symptoms of depression, smoking, and social factors like parental oversight and peer groups. Estimates from recent large genome studies were used to classify the genes associated with alcohol consumption and drinking-related problems.</p><p>The study found that genetic risk factors were associated with alcohol consumption at the first study point, age 16, but were not associated with changes in alcohol consumption or drinking problems over time, suggesting that different sets of genes may be associated with drinking behaviors at different developmental stages.</p><p>Family history was strongly associated with drinking-related problems. The rate of drinking-related problems in children who had a family history of alcohol problems was higher at age 16, slowed in later adolescence, and then grew more rapidly in young adulthood.</p><p>Personality traits also showed strong associations with alcohol use. Antisocial behavior was one of the strongest predictors for both alcohol consumption and drinking-related problems. Cigarette smoking was associated with more drinking problems at age 16, but a slower increase in those problems as teens grew older.</p><p>Girls had higher levels of alcohol problems than boys at age 16, although they did not have higher alcohol consumption than boys at any time point. After age 18, there were no differences between boys and girls. The study's findings may help with early identification of children at higher risk for alcohol use as teens, who may benefit from prevention and intervention strategies to prevent problem drinking.</p><p>Delineating trajectories of alcohol consumption and alcohol problems from adolescence to young adulthood: An integrated assessment of genetic, familial, and psychosocial factors. H. Cheng, J. Heron, M. Hickman, A. Edwards. (https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70166)</p><p>Mice that switched from a high sugar/butter diet to a standard diet developed a strong preference for alcohol over water, in a study exploring the connection between gastrointestinal microorganisms and alcohol use disorder (AUD). The finding

检查基因、家庭和个性特征可能有助于识别青少年时期酗酒和酗酒问题的高风险人群。发表在《酒精：临床与实验研究》上的一项研究发现，这些因素与青少年和成年早期的饮酒行为有关，可以用来确定哪些青少年将受益于预防和干预策略，以减少他们出现饮酒问题的风险。该研究分析了1991年至1992年间在英国出生的大量儿童的数据，以确定遗传、家族和社会心理因素与他们16岁至23岁期间饮酒行为之间的关系。研究人员专门研究了先前研究中显示的使青少年饮酒风险更高的因素，包括基因、饮酒家族史、性格特征、抑郁症状、吸烟，以及父母监督和同伴群体等社会因素。来自最近大型基因组研究的估计数据被用于对与饮酒和饮酒相关问题相关的基因进行分类。研究发现，在第一个研究点，即16岁时，遗传风险因素与饮酒有关，但与饮酒或饮酒问题随时间的变化无关，这表明不同的基因组可能与不同发育阶段的饮酒行为有关。家族史与饮酒相关问题密切相关。在有酗酒家族史的儿童中，饮酒相关问题的发生率在16岁时更高，在青春期后期放缓，然后在成年早期增长更快。性格特征也显示出与酒精使用的强烈关联。反社会行为是酒精消费和饮酒相关问题的最强预测因素之一。吸烟与16岁时更多的饮酒问题有关，但随着青少年年龄的增长，这些问题的增长速度较慢。在16岁时，女孩的酒精问题比男孩严重，尽管她们的饮酒量在任何时间点都没有比男孩高。18岁以后，男孩和女孩之间没有差异。这项研究的发现可能有助于早期识别青少年时期饮酒风险较高的儿童，他们可能会从预防和干预策略中受益，以防止饮酒问题。描绘从青春期到青年期的酒精消费和酒精问题的轨迹：遗传、家族和社会心理因素的综合评估。郑宏程，贺龙，希克曼，爱德华兹。（https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70166）Mice)在一项探索胃肠道微生物和酒精使用障碍（AUD）之间联系的研究中，从高糖/黄油饮食转变为标准饮食的老鼠对酒精的偏好超过了对水的偏好。这一发现可能有助于为AUD带来新的治疗方法。肠道菌群有助于维持健康，促进包括免疫和新陈代谢在内的基本过程。肠道微生物群通过肠-脑轴与大脑保持双向交流，因此其中一个的干扰与另一个的变化有关。涉及动物和人类的研究表明，微生物群破坏、新陈代谢和饮酒之间存在高度复杂的关系。巴西和法国的研究人员最初给老鼠喂高糖/黄油的食物，然后把它们换成标准的食物。这些老鼠对酒精产生了强烈的偏好，而不是水，这表明高糖/黄油饮食的戒断影响了它们的奖励系统，引发了类似成瘾的行为。相比之下，持续喂食标准饮食或高糖/黄油饮食的老鼠仍然不喜欢酒精或中性。研究人员发现，饮用酒精的小鼠具有独特的结肠微生物群组成。细菌多样性和丰度的改变与异常的代谢物产生和神经生物学途径有关。肠道菌群有助于氨基酸代谢，进而影响全身代谢和神经传递。在对酒精有强烈偏好的小鼠中，氨基酸代谢减弱。其影响包括一种与酒精奖励系统有关的氨基酸水平降低，以及有助于调节酒精偏好的短链脂肪酸的产生减少。例如，丁酸盐（一种有助于调节食欲和酒精渴望的抗炎分子）的减少，可能表明更容易出现强迫性饮酒。另一种与代谢疾病和成瘾行为有关的细菌变得更加普遍。次级胆汁酸合成也增加，可能导致炎症和肠道通透性增加，这两种情况与AUD相关。研究人员还观察到氧化应激和多巴胺代谢的变化，这些变化可能会增加酗酒行为和过度饮酒的风险。这些发现强调了肠道微生物群在调节氨基酸代谢和全身代谢中的作用，影响了涉及酒精依赖易感性（或抗酒精依赖能力）的多种神经生物学机制。来自肠道微生物群的代谢物是AUD的潜在治疗靶点。预测功能改变的结肠微生物代谢的乙醇消耗和偏好行为的小鼠。M. Velten， T. C. Lima， M. S. Amormino， J. S. de Oliveira， F. L. A. Barroso， G. Boudry， R. Elias Moreira Júnior， A. L. Brunialti Godard。（https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70165）Lesbian)，同性恋、双性恋和酷儿大学生因其性取向受到骚扰而感到痛苦，他们饮酒的风险更高，尤其是移民出身的大学生。这是一项新研究的发现之一，该研究调查了LGBQ+大学生中异性恋歧视、焦虑和饮酒之间的联系。与异性恋或白人同龄人相比，性少数群体和种族少数群体都面临着更大的酒精相关风险。研究已经将不良的健康结果，包括用酒精来应对的饮酒行为，与歧视产生的焦虑联系起来。然而，人们对多重重叠形式的歧视——交叉压力源——对酒精风险的影响知之甚少。理论和先前的研究表明，在移民或父母是移民的美国出生的LGBQ+大学生（“移民血统”）中，酒精风险可能会被放大。在《酒精：临床与实验研究》的研究中，美国调查人员调查了691名18-25岁的LGBQ+大学生，其中177人（26%）是移民。他们使用统计分析来探索参与者对异性恋歧视的痛苦、焦虑、作为饮酒动机的应对、移民身份和酒精使用之间的联系。移民和非移民出身的LGBQ+学生都报告了通过饮酒来应对焦虑。总体而言，移民出身的LGBQ+学生报告的饮酒量低于非移民同龄人。但歧视（辱骂、威胁或其他骚扰）带来的痛苦更能预测移民出身的LGBQ+学生比非移民学生饮酒增加。作为对焦虑的回应，更强烈的饮酒动机与更大的饮酒风险有关。处于成年初期的大学生，他们的边缘身份相互交叉，可能特别容易把酒精作为一种应对机制。虽然异性恋歧视普遍影响LGBQ+学生，并与饮酒行为有关，但对那些移民出身的学生影响可能尤其严重。研究人员建议，除了在文化上适当的支持外，还应采取干预措施，识别少数族裔的压力源，促进对焦虑的更健康反应，如情绪调节和解决问题。在移民和非移民LGBQ+大学生中，焦虑应对动机与歧视和酒精使用之间存在适度联系。C. A. Delbasso， C. A. Mujica， S. Amaya， K. Mullican， N. K. Salamanca， R. M. Leone， L. Orchowski， K. Davis， D. Kaysen， A. K. Gilmore， C. López（https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70174）Research)，该网站依靠年轻人对他们最近饮酒模式的自我报告，可以从30天的回忆时间框架中获得与60天的回忆时间框架相似的信息。《酒精：临床与实验研究》中描述的一项研究发现，较短的回顾时间框架产生了可比较的信息，减轻了研究人员和参与者的负担。与成年人相比，青少年的酒精使用模式差异很大，这导致研究人员质疑最准确评估青少年酒精使用模式的最佳回顾时间框架。饮酒模式受到学校假期、一周中的几天以及未成年人定期饮酒的挑战的影响，这可能导致他们在饮酒时喝得更多。为了评估研究青少年饮酒的研究人员的最佳回顾时间框架，训练有素的研究人员对500多名15至25岁的年轻人进行了“修改时间线追踪”（TLFB），他们参加了药物使用研究。TLFB要求参与者回忆前60天的饮酒和饮酒情况，然后将其分为最近的30天和较远的30天。在评估过程中，参与者被要求回顾他们的日历、社交媒体或其他记录，这些记录可以帮助他们准确地回忆起他们在这段时间内的饮酒情况。研究发现，最近的30天窗口期和更远的30天

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引用次数: 0

Unraveling the gastrointestinal tract's response to alcohol binges: Neutrophil recruitment, neutrophil extracellular traps, and intestinal injury 揭示胃肠道对酗酒的反应：中性粒细胞募集、中性粒细胞胞外陷阱和肠道损伤。

IF 2.7 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)

Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1111/acer.70196

Scott B. Minchenberg, Marti Ortega Ribera, Alejandro Hionides Gutierrez, Aditi Datta, Viliam Brezani, Bruna Santos, Su Min Hong, Subhash Kulkarni, Prashanth Thevkar Nagesh, Gyongyi Szabo

Background

Excessive alcohol consumption results in gastrointestinal (GI) tract dysfunction, including disruption of the intestinal barrier and exposure of the liver to microbes and gut-derived pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The upper GI tract is exposed to the highest amount of alcohol, but little is known about alcohol's impact on GI inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the initial effects of alcohol binges on GI inflammation.

Methods

A murine model of binge drinking was established with daily oral gavages of alcohol (3.5 g/kg) for 3 days in C57BL/6J female mice. The proximal small intestine (PSI), distal small intestine (DSI), and colon were evaluated for inflammation at 3 and 24 h after the last binge. To determine whether reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to intestinal inflammation, a subset of mice were given 500 mg/kg N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) with alcohol via gavage. To assess the role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), mice were treated 1 h before the alcohol binges with 5 mg/kg of DNase, a nonspecific inhibitor of NETs.

Results

Alcohol binges induced a PSI enteropathy with neutrophil recruitment, activation, NETs, and increased serum endotoxin without significant changes in PSI pro-inflammatory cytokines. Neutrophil recruitment and serum endotoxin normalized 24 h after the last binge with persistent PSI villous blunting. While alcohol generated ROS, administration of the antioxidant, NAC, failed to prevent the PSI enteropathy, neutrophil activation, or increased serum endotoxin. DNase treatment improved the PSI enteropathy and reduced serum endotoxin, neutrophil recruitment, and neutrophil activation. We found robust upregulation of Gal-3 and CXCL10 in the PSI after alcohol binges is associated with neutrophil recruitment and activation.

Conclusion

Alcohol binges result in a PSI enteropathy, transient infiltration of neutrophils, and NETs that are independent of ROS production. Treatment with DNase, a nonspecific inhibitor of NETs, mitigates alcohol-induced PSI enteropathy, neutrophil recruitment and bacterial translocation.

背景：过量饮酒导致胃肠道功能障碍，包括肠屏障的破坏和肝脏暴露于微生物和肠道源性病原体相关分子模式（PAMPs）。上消化道是酒精含量最高的地方，但人们对酒精对胃肠道炎症的影响知之甚少。本研究旨在评估酗酒对胃肠道炎症的初步影响。方法：建立C57BL/6J雌性小鼠狂饮模型，每天灌胃酒精（3.5 g/kg），连续3 d。最后一次暴食后3和24 h，评估近端小肠（PSI）、远端小肠（DSI）和结肠的炎症情况。为了确定活性氧（ROS）是否与肠道炎症有关，研究人员给一组小鼠灌胃500 mg/kg n -乙酰半胱氨酸（NAC）和酒精。为了评估中性粒细胞胞外陷阱（NETs）的作用，小鼠在饮酒前1小时接受5 mg/kg DNase （NETs的非特异性抑制剂）的治疗。结果：酗酒诱导PSI肠病伴中性粒细胞募集、激活、NETs和血清内毒素升高，但PSI促炎细胞因子无明显变化。嗜中性粒细胞募集和血清内毒素在最后一次暴食24小时后恢复正常，并伴有持续的PSI绒毛钝化。虽然酒精会产生ROS，但抗氧化剂NAC不能预防PSI肠病、中性粒细胞活化或血清内毒素增加。DNase治疗改善了PSI肠病，降低了血清内毒素、中性粒细胞募集和中性粒细胞活化。我们发现酗酒后PSI中Gal-3和CXCL10的显著上调与中性粒细胞的募集和激活有关。结论：酗酒导致PSI肠病、中性粒细胞短暂浸润和不依赖ROS产生的NETs。DNase（一种非特异性NETs抑制剂）治疗可减轻酒精诱导的PSI肠病、中性粒细胞募集和细菌易位。

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引用次数: 0

Contingency management for unhealthy alcohol use: A systematic review and meta-analysis 不健康饮酒的应急管理：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 2.7 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1111/acer.70198

Mateus Rodrigues Alessi, Leticia Mara dos Santos Barbetta, Victoria Gomes Andreata, Ana Carolina Teixeira Leal, Ruan Pablo Duarte Freitas, Gabriel P. Costa, Neil Nero, Akhil Anand

Background

Unhealthy alcohol use (UAU) describes a continuum of drinking behaviors ranging from risky consumption to severe alcohol use disorder (AUD). Despite its high prevalence, most individuals across this spectrum remain untreated. Contingency management (CM), a behavioral intervention utilizing reward-based incentives, effectively promotes behavior change in various substance use disorders but remains insufficiently studied across the full UAU spectrum. This systematic review and meta-analysis assesses the efficacy and clinical utility of CM for reducing alcohol use among individuals with UAU.

Methods

We comprehensively searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Cochrane Central through February 2025 for randomized and non-randomized trials comparing CM to treatment-as-usual or non-contingent rewards in adults with UAU. Eligible studies reported at least one objective measure of alcohol use. The primary outcome was a reduction in alcohol consumption. Meta-analyses were performed using the Generic Inverse Variance method (RevMan 5.4), with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran's Q and I² statistics, and the risk of bias was assessed with Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 and ROBINS-I tools.

Results

Twenty-nine studies (21 randomized controlled trials and 8 non-randomized studies; n = 2615; mean age = 41.0 years; 30.3% female) were included. CM significantly increased alcohol-negative samples (OR = 3.07, 95% CI: 2.43–3.87) and alcohol-free days (OR = 3.97, 95% CI: 1.74–9.08). CM was also effective in reducing self-reported alcohol consumption and concurrent nicotine and stimulant use. However, it did not significantly improve continuous abstinence duration (SMD = 0.88, 95% CI: −0.34 to 2.10).

Conclusion

This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrates that CM effectively reduces alcohol use among adults with UAU. Given its adaptability and scalability, CM represents a promising intervention, addressing an important gap in evidence-based approaches for early intervention, harm reduction, and broader treatment of alcohol-related problems.

背景：不健康酒精使用（UAU）描述了从危险消费到严重酒精使用障碍（AUD）的连续饮酒行为。尽管发病率很高，但大多数患者仍未得到治疗。应急管理（CM）是一种利用奖励激励的行为干预，有效地促进了各种物质使用障碍的行为改变，但在整个UAU范围内仍未得到充分研究。本系统综述和荟萃分析评估了CM在减少UAU患者饮酒方面的疗效和临床应用。方法：我们综合检索MEDLINE、EMBASE、PsycINFO、Scopus和Cochrane Central到2025年2月的随机和非随机试验，比较CM与常规治疗或非偶然奖励对成年UAU患者的影响。符合条件的研究报告了至少一项酒精使用的客观测量。主要结果是饮酒量的减少。meta分析采用通用反方差法（RevMan 5.4），统计学显著性设为p 2，偏倚风险评价采用Cochrane risk of bias 2和ROBINS-I工具。结果：纳入29项研究（21项随机对照试验和8项非随机试验，n = 2615，平均年龄41.0岁，女性30.3%）。CM显著增加了酒精阴性样本（OR = 3.07, 95% CI: 2.43-3.87）和无酒精天数（OR = 3.97, 95% CI: 1.74-9.08）。CM在减少自我报告的酒精消耗和同时使用尼古丁和兴奋剂方面也有效。然而，它并没有显著改善持续戒断时间（SMD = 0.88, 95% CI: -0.34至2.10）。结论：本系统综述和荟萃分析表明，CM有效地减少了UAU成人的酒精使用。鉴于其适应性和可扩展性，CM代表了一种很有前途的干预措施，解决了早期干预、减少危害和更广泛治疗酒精相关问题的循证方法的重要空白。

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引用次数: 0

Sex-dependent effects of alcohol intake on pain-related functional activation 酒精摄入对疼痛相关功能激活的性别依赖性影响。

IF 2.7 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)

Pub Date : 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1111/acer.70202

Landrew Sevel, Bethany Stennett-Blackmon, Sara Jo Nixon, Michael Robinson, Jeff Boissoneault

Background

Alcohol analgesia (AA) is a well-established phenomenon and important motivator of pain self-medication with alcohol. Alcohol intoxication produces widespread alterations in many brain areas involved in pain processing. Sex and family history (FH) of problematic alcohol use both influence AA. Investigation of neural response to experimental pain during alcohol intoxication, and potential interactive effects of sex and FH, may clarify important pathways of risk for pain chronicity and alcohol use disorder.

Methods

Subjects (N = 97, Mean age = 26.23, SD = 4.97, 52.26% female, 41.23% FH +) completed two laboratory sessions in which they consumed alcohol (breath alcohol concentration, BrAC = 0.08 g/dL) or placebo (BrAC = 0.00 g/dL) beverages and completed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning while experiencing painful, thermal sensations. Blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) activation during painful stimuli was assessed with a general linear model (GLM; factors: condition, sex, FH). Generalized psychophysical interaction (gPPI) investigated alterations in functional connectivity during heat pain with seed regions with altered BOLD activation in GLM analyses. Potential alcohol-induced cerebrovascular effects were examined using arterial spin labeling.

Results

Subjective report of pain during scanning was not found to differ between beverage conditions. No effects of alcohol on cerebral blood flow were detected. Across conditions, we noted widespread activation during noxious stimuli within regions canonically associated with pain processing. Male subjects exhibited significantly less BOLD activation during the alcohol than placebo session in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. No FH effects were identified. Pain-related connectivity with this region was altered with aspects of the frontal, occipital, insular, and supramarginal gyri.

Conclusion

Alcohol may subtly influence neural processes involved in pain perception, particularly among regions involved in top-down pain modulation uniquely between sexes. These effects may be more visible in interregional indices of brain function. Future investigations of multidimensional neural metrics and at various alcohol doses are needed to further explore mechanisms of AA.

背景：酒精性镇痛（AA）是一种公认的现象，也是酒精性疼痛自我药物治疗的重要动机。酒精中毒会在大脑中与疼痛处理有关的许多区域产生广泛的改变。问题酒精使用的性别和家族史（FH）都影响AA。研究酒精中毒期间实验性疼痛的神经反应，以及性别和FH的潜在相互作用，可能阐明疼痛慢性和酒精使用障碍的重要风险途径。方法：受试者（N = 97，平均年龄= 26.23,SD = 4.97, 52.26%为女性，41.23%为男性）完成了两个实验阶段，他们饮用酒精（呼吸酒精浓度，BrAC = 0.08 g/dL）或安慰剂（BrAC = 0.00 g/dL）饮料，并在体验疼痛、热感觉的同时完成了功能磁共振成像（fMRI）扫描。疼痛刺激时血氧水平依赖性（BOLD）激活用一般线性模型（GLM；因素：病情、性别、FH）评估。广义心理物理相互作用（gPPI）研究了GLM分析中BOLD激活改变的种子区在热痛期间功能连通性的改变。用动脉自旋标记法检测酒精诱导的潜在脑血管效应。结果：在不同的饮料条件下，扫描过程中疼痛的主观报告没有差异。没有检测到酒精对脑血流的影响。在各种情况下，我们注意到在通常与疼痛处理相关的区域中，有害刺激广泛激活。男性受试者在酒精组表现出比安慰剂组更少的右背外侧前额叶皮层BOLD激活。未发现FH效应。与该区域疼痛相关的连通性在额回、枕回、岛回和边缘上回等方面发生改变。结论：酒精可能会潜移默化地影响涉及痛觉的神经过程，特别是涉及自上而下的疼痛调节的区域，这在两性之间是独一无二的。这些影响可能在脑功能的区域间指数中更为明显。未来的多维神经指标和不同酒精剂量的研究需要进一步探索AA的机制。

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引用次数: 0

Renal and cardiovascular function in children with FASD: Potential links to food approach and avoidance behaviors FASD儿童的肾脏和心血管功能：与食物方式和回避行为的潜在联系。

IF 2.7 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)

Pub Date : 2025-11-16 DOI: 10.1111/acer.70200

Natasha Reid, Jayden Logan, Khari Garavelis, Jinyang Yang, Nicole Hayes, Chelsea Vanderpeet, Karen Liddle, Sophia Young, Maree Maloney, Emily Sullivan, Karen Moritz, Lisa Akison

Background

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is associated with a range of developmental, behavioral, and physical impairments. While much research to date has focused on developmental and behavioral aspects of FASD, there is growing evidence that children with FASD may experience alterations in renal and cardiovascular function. By also comparing eating behaviors between children with FASD and typically developing children, this may provide some clues to the underlying causes of these physiological changes.

Methods

In this study, we recruited children and adolescents with (n = 34) and without (n = 22) a diagnosis of FASD. We measured several cardiovascular and renal outcomes and analyzed potential associations with eating behaviors related to food approach and avoidance, assessed from caregiver report using the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ).

Results

Children with FASD had significantly elevated urinary sodium-to-potassium (Na⁺/K⁺) ratio, a trend for increasing urine sodium (Na⁺), and a reduction in the normal age-associated rise in urine creatinine compared to typically developing controls. The FASD group also exhibited significantly elevated resting heart rate. Additionally, those with a diagnosis of FASD had higher scores for subscales of food approach (food responsiveness, emotional overeating, desire to drink) and a trend toward a higher food avoidance score on the CEBQ. A subset of these behavioral scores was associated with cardiovascular but not renal outcomes.

Conclusions

Together, these findings suggest that renal and cardiovascular function may be altered in children and adolescents with FASD, which may be linked to abnormal food-related behaviors and/or other clinical or demographic factors. While the mechanisms underlying these early-life physiological changes are not fully understood, it is likely they contribute to poorer long-term health outcomes. Further research is needed to validate these preliminary findings in larger cohorts, explore the underlying mechanisms and investigate potential long-term implications of these findings.

背景：胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）与一系列发育、行为和身体障碍有关。虽然迄今为止的许多研究都集中在FASD的发育和行为方面，但越来越多的证据表明，FASD患儿可能会经历肾脏和心血管功能的改变。通过比较FASD儿童和正常发育儿童的饮食行为，这可能为这些生理变化的潜在原因提供一些线索。方法：在这项研究中，我们招募了有（n = 34）和没有（n = 22）诊断为FASD的儿童和青少年。我们测量了几种心血管和肾脏结果，并分析了与食物接近和避免相关的饮食行为的潜在关联，使用儿童饮食行为问卷（CEBQ）从照顾者报告中进行评估。结果：与正常发展的对照组相比，FASD患儿尿钠钾（Na+/K+）比显著升高，尿钠（Na+）有增加的趋势，尿肌酐的正常年龄相关升高有所降低。FASD组的静息心率也明显升高。此外，那些被诊断为FASD的人在食物方法（食物反应性、情绪性暴饮暴食、渴望饮酒）的子量表上得分更高，并且在CEBQ上有更高的食物回避得分的趋势。这些行为评分的一个子集与心血管结果有关，但与肾脏结果无关。结论：综上所述，这些发现表明患有FASD的儿童和青少年的肾脏和心血管功能可能发生改变，这可能与异常的食物相关行为和/或其他临床或人口因素有关。虽然这些早期生理变化背后的机制尚不完全清楚，但它们很可能导致较差的长期健康结果。需要进一步的研究在更大的队列中验证这些初步发现，探索潜在的机制并调查这些发现的潜在长期影响。

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引用次数: 0

Preliminary predictors of self-stigma among individuals in a telehealth-based treatment program for alcohol use disorder 基于远程医疗的酒精使用障碍治疗方案中个体自我耻辱的初步预测因素。

IF 2.7 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1111/acer.70197

Felicia R. Tuchman, LaTrice Montgomery, Kevin A. Hallgren, Cassie Hoskisson, Paul Linde, Peter Mulholland, Aimee Peters, Derek A. Hamilton, John Mendelson, Katie Witkiewitz

Background

Several facets of substance use self-stigma have been identified, and these constructs may be important within the specific context of alcohol use disorder (AUD) treatment. Gaining a better understanding of self-stigma among individuals who are seeking treatment for AUD may help inform treatment approaches and ultimately could improve treatment to help reduce AUD-related self-stigma.

Methods

We recruited 121 participants (52.9% women, 46.3% men) who were primarily White (84.2%) and not Hispanic identifying (90.0%), with a mean age of 44.4 years (SD = 10.3) from a telehealth AUD treatment program. Participants completed an online survey and self-reported demographic information, family history of drinking problems, AUD severity, drinking goals (coded as abstinent or non-abstinent), and three facets of self-stigma (self-devaluation, fear of enacted stigma, and stigma avoidance). Bivariate associations between gender and self-stigma facets were examined via t-tests. Preliminary predictors of each facet of self-stigma were examined using regression analyses. Given mixed prior findings on the association between gender and self-stigma, we also examine interactions of gender with significant predictors of self-stigma.

Results

Women reported higher levels of self-devaluation (p = 0.02) and stigma avoidance (p = 0.02) compared to men. Ordinal logistic regression analyses with Holm correction showed that higher levels of AUD severity predicted greater stigma avoidance (OR = 1.80 [95% CI: 1.23, 2.63], Holm p = 0.021). No other variables were predictive of stigma following correction. Gender did not interact with AUD severity in predicting stigma.

Conclusions

Findings suggest that higher AUD severity is associated with greater stigma avoidance. Consequently, to effectively address self-stigma, telehealth interventions should be tailored to the specific experiences and needs of people with higher AUD severity.

背景：物质使用自我耻辱感的几个方面已经被确定，这些结构在酒精使用障碍（AUD）治疗的特定背景下可能是重要的。更好地了解寻求AUD治疗的个体的自我耻辱感可能有助于告知治疗方法，并最终可以改善治疗，以帮助减少AUD相关的自我耻辱感。方法：我们招募了121名参与者（52.9%女性，46.3%男性），主要是白人（84.2%），非西班牙裔（90.0%），平均年龄为44.4岁（SD = 10.3），来自远程医疗AUD治疗项目。参与者完成了一项在线调查和自我报告的人口统计信息、饮酒家族史、AUD严重程度、饮酒目标（编码为戒酒或非戒酒）以及自我耻辱感的三个方面（自我贬低、对制定的耻辱感的恐惧和耻辱感回避）。通过t检验检验性别和自我污名方面的双变量关联。使用回归分析检验了自我耻感各方面的初步预测因子。鉴于先前关于性别和自我耻辱之间关系的研究结果好坏参半，我们还研究了性别与自我耻辱显著预测因子的相互作用。结果：与男性相比，女性报告了更高水平的自我贬低（p = 0.02）和耻辱回避（p = 0.02）。经Holm校正的有序逻辑回归分析显示，AUD严重程度越高，对耻辱的回避程度越高（OR = 1.80 [95% CI: 1.23, 2.63], Holm p = 0.021）。没有其他变量可以预测矫正后的病耻感。性别与AUD严重程度在预测病耻感方面没有相互作用。结论：研究结果表明，较高的AUD严重程度与更大的耻辱感回避相关。因此，为了有效地解决自我耻辱感，远程医疗干预措施应该针对AUD严重程度较高的人的具体经历和需求进行调整。

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引用次数: 0

The Families Moving Forward Connect Teacher Companion website: Development and initial pilot randomized trial of an FASD-informed resource for teachers 家庭前进连接教师伙伴网站：开发和初步试点随机试验的fasd通知教师资源。

IF 2.7 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1111/acer.70189

Carson Kautz-Turnbull, Heather Carmichael Olson, Claire Coles, Cristiano Tapparello, Kristen Love, April Luehmann, Lynn Cole, Sheree Toth, Emily Speybroeck, Christie L.M. Petrenko

Background

Students with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are at risk of poor academic performance and school disruption given teachers' limited opportunity to learn about how to support them. The Families Moving Forward (FMF) Program and its derivative mobile health intervention, FMF Connect, provide an ideal framework to inform a scalable intervention for teachers. The current study aimed to develop and test the FMF Connect Teacher Companion website using the ADAPT-ITT framework, including teacher input.

Methods

With teacher input, materials from the FMF Program and FMF Connect were adapted to be relevant to teachers' needs and the classroom setting. Next, 37 teachers participated in a fully remote, nonblinded, randomized two-group parallel design pilot trial of the website. Eligible teachers had direct contact with a student with FASD aged 5–12 in an educational setting. The pilot trial was preregistered and publicly available on ClinicalTrials.gov (study no.: NCT05986565) prior to recruitment commencement. Descriptive statistical analysis aimed to understand technological functionality and study design acceptability.

Results

Findings of both website (n = 21) and control (n = 16) groups demonstrated the website was satisfactory and functional. Participants had positive impressions of all content but reported some negative impressions around aesthetics and the large amount of information.

Conclusions

The FMF Connect Teacher Companion website is a feasible, acceptable FASD-informed resource for teachers.

背景：患有胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）的学生面临学习成绩差和学校中断的风险，因为教师学习如何支持他们的机会有限。“家庭前进”（FMF）计划及其衍生的移动健康干预措施“FMF连接”为教师提供了一个理想的框架，为可扩展的干预措施提供信息。目前的研究旨在使用ADAPT-ITT框架开发和测试FMF连接教师伴侣网站，包括教师输入。方法：在教师的指导下，根据教师的需求和课堂环境，对FMF计划和FMF连接中的材料进行调整。接下来，37名教师参加了一个完全远程、非盲、随机两组平行设计的网站试点试验。合资格的教师曾在教育环境中直接接触5-12岁的FASD学生。该试点试验已预先注册，并可在ClinicalTrials.gov网站上公开获取（研究编号：1）。编号：NCT05986565)。描述性统计分析旨在了解技术功能和研究设计的可接受性。结果：网站组（n = 21）和对照组（n = 16）的结果表明，网站是令人满意的和功能性的。参与者对所有内容都有正面印象，但对美学和大量信息有负面印象。结论：FMF连接教师伴侣网站对教师来说是一个可行的、可接受的fasd信息资源。

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引用次数: 0

High- and low-dose topiramate for the treatment of persons with alcohol use disorder who smoke cigarettes: A randomized control trial 高剂量和低剂量托吡酯治疗吸烟的酒精使用障碍患者：一项随机对照试验

IF 2.7 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1111/acer.70193

Jason D. Robinson, Robert M. Anthenelli, Paul M. Cinciripini, Maher Karam-Hage, Yong Cui, George Kypriotakis, Nassima Ait-Daoud Tiouririne

Background

Tobacco use disorder (TUD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) frequently co-occur and together are associated with worse prognoses. There are few options for treating both disorders concurrently. This study examined whether the antiepileptic drug topiramate would be effective for treating adults with both AUD and TUD.

Methods

Participants (n = 236) from three sites were randomly assigned to receive treatment adherence counseling and either placebo, low-dose topiramate (up to 125 mg/day), or high-dose topiramate (up to 250 mg/day) for up to 18 weeks, with a 5-week titration period. The primary outcomes were the mean percentage of heavy drinking days (PHDD) and the smoking continuous abstinence rate with biochemical verification during the last 4 weeks of treatment. Secondary outcomes included quality of life and craving for alcohol and cigarettes. We also conducted post hoc exploratory repeated measures analyses to maximize the use of available data.

Results

None of the prespecified primary or secondary outcomes differed across medication groups. However, the exploratory analyses indicated that participants treated with the 250 mg dose had lower mean PHDD and drinks per day than those taking the lower dose or placebo. Additionally, participants in both the 125 and 250 mg groups smoked fewer cigarettes per day and reported greater cigarette abstinence than those in the placebo group.

Conclusions

While the primary analyses did not find evidence that topiramate decreases drinking and smoking behavior, likely influenced by a high attrition rate and poor medication adherence, exploratory repeated measures analyses suggest that topiramate 250 mg reduces drinking behavior and that both the 125 mg and 250 mg doses reduce smoking behavior. Future studies that maximize treatment adherence are needed to more definitively determine whether topiramate is an effective treatment for AUD and TUD.

背景：烟草使用障碍（TUD）和酒精使用障碍（AUD）经常同时发生，并与较差的预后相关。同时治疗这两种疾病的选择很少。本研究考察了抗癫痫药物托吡酯是否对患有AUD和TUD的成人有效。方法：来自三个地点的参与者（n = 236）被随机分配接受治疗依从性咨询和安慰剂，低剂量托吡酯（高达125 mg/天）或高剂量托吡酯（高达250 mg/天），为期18周，滴定期为5周。主要结果为治疗后4周重度饮酒天数（PHDD）的平均百分比和经生化验证的连续戒烟率。次要结果包括生活质量和对酒精和香烟的渴望。我们还进行了事后探索性重复测量分析，以最大限度地利用现有数据。结果：预先指定的主要或次要结局在不同用药组之间没有差异。然而，探索性分析表明，与服用低剂量或安慰剂的参与者相比，服用250毫克剂量的参与者每天的平均PHDD和饮酒量更低。此外，125毫克组和250毫克组的参与者每天吸烟的数量都比安慰剂组少，并且报告的戒烟效果更好。结论：虽然初步分析没有发现托吡酯减少饮酒和吸烟行为的证据，可能受到高损耗率和较差的药物依从性的影响，但探索性重复测量分析表明，250 mg托吡酯可以减少饮酒行为，125 mg和250 mg剂量的托吡酯可以减少吸烟行为。未来的研究需要最大限度地提高治疗依从性，以更明确地确定托吡酯是否是AUD和TUD的有效治疗。

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引用次数: 0