Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)最新文献_第6页

Alarming rise in alcohol-associated liver disease hospitalization in young adults 年轻人酒精相关肝病住院率惊人上升

IF 2.7 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)

Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1111/acer.70199

Chun-Wei Pan, Pojsakorn Danpanichkul, Daniel Guifarro, Yichen Wang, Amit S. Chitnis, Wei Zhang, Ashwani K. Singal, Ramsey Cheung, Robert J. Wong

Background

Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is increasingly affecting young adults, but comprehensive analyses of hospitalization patterns in this demographic remain limited. We aimed to evaluate trends in hospitalization rates, disease severity, and healthcare costs for ALD among adults aged 20–49 years compared with older adults.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective analysis using the National Inpatient Sample (2016–2022) to evaluate ALD-related hospitalizations in adults ≥20 years. Using ICD-10 codes, we identified hospitalization of ALD, alcohol-associated cirrhosis and alcohol-associated hepatitis, analyzing hospitalization rates, decompensation rates, and inflation-adjusted costs. Temporal trends were assessed using joinpoint regression analysis with results expressed as mean annual percentage change and Cochrane–Armitage test.

Results

Among 1,159,959 hospitalizations in young adults with ALD, rates increased more steeply compared to older adults (annual increase: 4.48% vs. 1.78%), rising from 106.5 to 144.7 per 100,000 persons versus 269.5 to 295.0 per 100,000 persons, respectively. By 2020, alcohol-associated hepatitis hospitalization rates in young adults surpassed older adults (65.6 vs. 61.3 per 100,000). The 30–39 age group represented the largest increase (31% to 37.5%) among young adults. Decompensated alcohol-associated cirrhosis increased across all age groups, most prominently in ages 20–29 (31.3% to 36.4%). National costs doubled from $1.69 billion to $3.45 billion.

Conclusion

Young adults demonstrated accelerated increases in ALD-related hospitalizations and disease severity compared to older adults, with a particularly pronounced trend during the pandemic period. These findings suggest a need for age-specific preventive and therapeutic interventions.

背景：酒精相关性肝病（ALD）对年轻人的影响越来越大，但对这一人群住院模式的综合分析仍然有限。我们的目的是评估20-49岁成人与老年人相比，ALD的住院率、疾病严重程度和医疗费用的趋势。方法：我们使用全国住院患者样本（2016-2022）进行回顾性分析，评估≥20岁的成人ald相关住院情况。使用ICD-10代码，我们确定了ALD、酒精相关性肝硬化和酒精相关性肝炎的住院情况，分析了住院率、失代偿率和通货膨胀调整后的成本。采用连接点回归分析评估时间趋势，结果表示为年平均百分比变化和Cochrane-Armitage检验。结果：在1,159,959例ALD住院的年轻成人中，与老年人相比，发病率上升得更快（年增长率：4.48% vs. 1.78%），分别从每10万人106.5例上升到144.7例，从每10万人269.5例上升到295.0例。到2020年，年轻人酒精相关肝炎住院率超过老年人（65.6 vs 61.3 / 100,000）。30-39岁年龄组的年轻人增幅最大（从31%增至37.5%）。在所有年龄组中，失代偿性酒精相关肝硬化增加，20-29岁最为显著（31.3%至36.4%）。全国成本翻了一番，从16.9亿美元增至34.5亿美元。结论：与老年人相比，年轻人与阿尔茨海默病相关的住院率和疾病严重程度的增加速度加快，在大流行期间这一趋势尤为明显。这些发现表明需要针对特定年龄的预防和治疗干预措施。

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引用次数: 0

Correction to “Blunted reward-related activation to food scenes distinguishes individuals with alcohol use disorder in a pilot case–control fMRI pilot study” 更正“在一项试点病例对照fMRI试点研究中，对食物场景的迟钝奖励相关激活区分了酒精使用障碍患者”。

IF 2.7 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1111/acer.70201

Mellick, W., McTeague, L., Hix, S., Anton, R. & Prisciandaro, J.J. (2024) Blunted reward-related activation to food scenes distinguishes individuals with alcohol use disorder in a pilot case–control fMRI pilot study. Alcohol: Clinical and Experimental Research, 48(10), 1866–1875. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.15419.

The title of the published article is wrong. It has the word “pilot” twice in the title and the first instance should be removed so that it reads “Blunted reward-related activation to food scenes distinguishes individuals with alcohol use disorder in a case–control fMRI pilot study.”

We apologize for this error.

Mellick， W., McTeague， L., Hix， S., Anton， R. & & Prisciandaro， J.J.（2024）在一项试点病例对照fMRI试点研究中，对食物场景的钝化奖励相关激活区分了酒精使用障碍个体。酒精：临床与实验研究，48(10),1866-1875。https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.15419.The发表文章的标题是错误的。它的标题中有两次“试点”这个词，第一个例子应该被删除，改为“在病例对照fMRI试点研究中，对食物场景的钝化奖励相关激活区分了酒精使用障碍的个体。”我们为这个错误道歉。

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of glycine treatment for reducing alcohol craving and self-administration in individuals with alcohol use disorder: A human laboratory trial 评估甘氨酸治疗减少酒精使用障碍患者的酒精渴望和自我管理：一项人体实验室试验。

IF 2.7 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)

Pub Date : 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1111/acer.70187

Yasmin Olsson, Helga Lidö, Mia Ericson, Bo Söderpalm

Background

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) has limited treatment options and glycine receptors (GlyRs) in brain reward regions have emerged as tentative targets for pharmacotherapy. The rationale derives from studies showing that glycine, an endogenous GlyR agonist, alters dopamine (DA) transmission and reduces alcohol intake in rats. This study sought to translate these findings to individuals with AUD by examining whether glycine treatment reduces craving for alcohol and laboratory alcohol intake.

Methods

Individuals with AUD were randomized to oral glycine (0.12 g/kg) or placebo treatment for 5 days. Thereafter, 48 participants completed an alcohol challenge including priming for alcohol followed by self-administration of up to four drinks of 12 g alcohol. Alcohol craving and subjective effects of alcohol were measured throughout the study.

Results

Glycine treatment raised serum glycine levels by 125%. Neither alcohol intake nor craving or subjective effects of alcohol differed between treatment groups, except for peak stimulatory effects, which were slightly higher in the glycine-treated group. The relationships between craving for alcohol or “wanting more” on the Drugs Effects Questionnaire and laboratory alcohol intake were dissociated in the glycine-treated group. In the full sample, serum glycine levels at baseline were inversely associated with recent drinking history.

Conclusion

Glycine treatment does not reduce craving or laboratory alcohol consumption in individuals with AUD per se, but results are equivocal as the association between alcohol-induced craving or “wanting more” and the ensuing self-administration of alcohol was abolished in the glycine-treated group. The inverse association observed between glycine levels at baseline and self-reported recent drinking could be a consequence of alcohol intake or support a protective role for glycine activity in limiting alcohol intake. Further studies are warranted to delineate how GlyR activity is linked to alcohol consumption in humans and to establish whether targeting this system may constitute a new treatment concept for AUD.

背景：酒精使用障碍（AUD）的治疗选择有限，脑奖励区域的甘氨酸受体（GlyRs）已成为药物治疗的暂定靶点。研究表明，甘氨酸是一种内源性甘氨酸受体激动剂，可改变大鼠多巴胺（DA）的传递并减少酒精摄入量。本研究试图通过检查甘氨酸治疗是否减少对酒精的渴望和实验室酒精摄入量，将这些发现转化为AUD患者。方法：AUD患者随机接受口服甘氨酸（0.12 g/kg）或安慰剂治疗5天。之后，48名参与者完成了一项酒精挑战，包括启动酒精，然后自我管理多达四杯12克酒精。在整个研究过程中，对酒精的渴望和主观影响进行了测量。结果：甘氨酸治疗使血清甘氨酸水平提高125%。在两组治疗之间，酒精摄入、酒精渴望或酒精的主观效应都没有差异，除了峰值刺激效应，甘氨酸治疗组的峰值刺激效应略高。在甘氨酸治疗组中，药物效应问卷上的酒精渴望或“想要更多”与实验室酒精摄入量之间的关系被解离。在全部样本中，基线时血清甘氨酸水平与近期饮酒史呈负相关。结论：甘氨酸治疗并没有减少AUD患者本身的渴望或实验室酒精消耗，但结果是模棱两可的，因为在甘氨酸治疗组中，酒精引起的渴望或“想要更多”与随后的自我酒精管理之间的联系被消除了。基线时甘氨酸水平与自我报告近期饮酒之间的负相关可能是酒精摄入的结果，或者支持甘氨酸活性在限制酒精摄入方面的保护作用。有必要进一步研究GlyR活性如何与人类饮酒相关，并确定靶向该系统是否可能构成AUD的新治疗概念。

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引用次数: 0

Cyp2e1 deletion in mice increases sensitivity to ethanol-induced motor impairment and escalation of drinking behavior in the chronic intermittent ethanol model 在慢性间歇性乙醇模型中，小鼠Cyp2e1缺失增加了对乙醇诱导的运动损伤和饮酒行为升级的敏感性。

IF 2.7 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)

Pub Date : 2025-11-02 DOI: 10.1111/acer.70188

Hyland C. Gonzalez, Kelly R. Misare, Kate E. Glorioso, Joe R. Delaney, Howard C. Becker, Marcelo F. Lopez, Patrick J. Mulholland, Jessica H. Hartman

Background

Chronic ethanol use drives numerous neurological dysfunctions. Ethanol in the brain is mainly metabolized into acetaldehyde by catalase and cytochrome P450 2E1 (Cyp2e1), and acetaldehyde does not freely cross the blood–brain barrier. While Cyp2e1 is a well-known enzyme in liver toxicology, how central nervous system (CNS)-expressed Cyp2e1 contributes to ethanol toxicity is unknown.

Methods

We investigated the effects of Cyp2e1-driven ethanol metabolism in the brain of male and female global Cyp2e1 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) 129S1/SvImJ mice. RNA-seq was completed on the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), the dorsal and ventral hippocampus, and cerebellum to see whether there are baseline differences in gene expression between WT and KO mice. To investigate acute functional tolerance (AFT), we evaluated blood ethanol concentrations (BECs) of mice on a fixed-speed rotarod after two consecutive ethanol doses. Next, we used the chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) exposure model to study dependence-induced escalation of drinking. After the study, catalase protein expression was analyzed in the mPFC, hippocampus, and cerebellum.

Results

Transcriptomic pathway analysis in ethanol-naïve mice revealed differences in ethanol-important pathways in both male and female Cyp2e1-KO mice. Glyoxylase-1 (Glo1) was downregulated in KO animals. Both WT and Cyp2e1-KO mice had a similar AFT. However, after both injections, Cyp2e1-KO mice had to reach a lower BEC to balance on the rotarod (p < 0.001), indicating increased sensitivity to ethanol intoxication. In the drinking study, Cyp2e1-KO mice drank more than WT controls during baseline drinking sessions (p < 0.01, n = 8–9). After CIE exposure, only Cyp2e1-KO mice significantly escalated their drinking (p < 0.001, n = 16–17). Catalase levels were not significantly higher in KO mice in the brain regions studied regardless of condition.

Conclusions

This study reveals an important role for Cyp2e1 in ethanol-related behaviors and highlights a need to better understand the effects of ethanol and its metabolites in mediating ethanol drinking and sensitivity.

背景：长期使用乙醇会导致许多神经功能障碍。脑内乙醇主要通过过氧化氢酶和细胞色素P450 2E1 （Cyp2e1）代谢为乙醛，乙醛不能自由穿过血脑屏障。虽然Cyp2e1是肝脏毒理学中众所周知的酶，但中枢神经系统（CNS）表达的Cyp2e1如何参与乙醇毒性尚不清楚。方法：研究雄性和雌性Cyp2e1基因敲除（KO）和野生型（WT） 129S1/SvImJ小鼠大脑中Cyp2e1驱动的乙醇代谢的影响。在内侧前额叶皮层（mPFC）、海马背侧和腹侧以及小脑上完成RNA-seq，观察WT和KO小鼠的基因表达是否存在基线差异。为了研究急性功能耐受性（AFT），我们在固定速度旋转杆上评估了连续两次乙醇剂量后小鼠的血乙醇浓度（BECs）。接下来，我们使用慢性间歇乙醇（CIE）暴露模型来研究依赖诱导的饮酒升级。研究结束后，分析过氧化氢酶蛋白在mPFC、海马和小脑中的表达。结果：ethanol-naïve小鼠的转录组学通路分析显示，雄性和雌性Cyp2e1-KO小鼠的乙醇重要通路存在差异。KO动物的glyoxyase -1 （Glo1）表达下调。WT和Cyp2e1- ko小鼠具有相似的AFT。然而，在两次注射后，Cyp2e1- ko小鼠必须达到较低的BEC才能在旋转杆上保持平衡(p结论：本研究揭示了Cyp2e1在乙醇相关行为中的重要作用，并强调需要更好地了解乙醇及其代谢物在介导乙醇饮用和敏感性方面的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Anxiety coping motives moderate links between discrimination and alcohol use in immigrant-origin and non-immigrant LGBQ+ college student 移民和非移民LGBQ+大学生的焦虑应对动机与歧视和酒精使用之间存在适度联系。

IF 2.7 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/acer.70174

Claudia A. Delbasso, Christin A. Mujica, Stephanie Amaya, K. Nicole Mullican, Nashalys K. Salamanca, Ruschelle M. Leone, Lindsay M. Orchowski, Kelly Cue Davis, Debra Kaysen, Amanda K. Gilmore, Cristina López

Background

Heterosexism is associated with negative outcomes, including alcohol use. Research is needed to understand considerations for intervention. This study examined anxiety coping motives as a moderator of the associations between heterosexist discrimination distress and weekly alcohol use among a sample of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer (LGBQ+) college students and tested whether the effects of discrimination distress and anxiety coping differed by immigrant origin.

Methods

Zero-inflated negative binomial regressions were conducted to assess main effects and interaction effects. Participants included 691 (M_age = 20.08) emerging adults. Twenty-six percent were immigrants or US-born children of immigrant parents.

Results

Moderation analyses revealed a significant interaction effect: distress from heterosexist discrimination was a stronger predictor of alcohol use among immigrant-origin college students relative to their non-immigrant counterparts. Interactive effects were not significant between discrimination and anxiety coping motives or between anxiety coping motives and immigrant origin. Results also revealed unique effects of anxiety coping motives, such that stronger motivation to drink as a strategy to cope with anxiety was associated with a greater risk of alcohol use.

Conclusions

Results suggest that whereas heterosexist discrimination distress appears to be a risk factor for alcohol use among LGBQ+ college students, it may be particularly relevant for LGBQ+ immigrant-origin students experiencing such distress. Findings point to anxiety coping motivation as a factor that may exacerbate disparities in alcohol use and underscore its role as a potential target of intervention.

背景：异性恋与包括酒精使用在内的负面结果相关。需要进行研究以了解干预的考虑因素。本研究以女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和酷儿（LGBQ+）大学生为样本，考察了焦虑应对动机在异性恋歧视压力和每周饮酒之间的调节作用，并测试了歧视压力和焦虑应对的影响是否因移民而异。方法：采用零膨胀负二项回归法评价主效应和交互效应。参与者包括691名（Mage = 20.08）初生成人。26%的人是移民或移民父母在美国出生的孩子。结果：适度分析揭示了显著的相互作用效应：相对于非移民大学生，来自异性恋歧视的痛苦是移民大学生酒精使用的更强预测因子。歧视与焦虑应对动机之间、焦虑应对动机与移民出身之间的交互效应不显著。研究结果还揭示了应对焦虑动机的独特效果，例如，更强的饮酒动机作为应对焦虑的策略与更大的饮酒风险相关。结论：结果表明，尽管异性恋歧视困扰似乎是LGBQ+大学生饮酒的一个危险因素，但它可能与经历此类困扰的LGBQ+移民学生特别相关。研究结果指出，焦虑应对动机是一个可能加剧酒精使用差异的因素，并强调了其作为干预潜在目标的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Delineating trajectories of alcohol consumption and alcohol problems from adolescence to young adulthood: An integrated assessment of genetic, familial, and psychosocial factors 描绘从青春期到青年期的酒精消费和酒精问题的轨迹：遗传、家族和社会心理因素的综合评估。

IF 2.7 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1111/acer.70166

Hui G. Cheng, Jon Heron, Matthew Hickman, Alexis C. Edwards

Background

Few studies have jointly assessed the relationships of genetic, environmental, and psychosocial factors with the trajectory of alcohol consumption and alcohol problems over time. In this study, we estimate relationships between a host of predictors (measured before age 16 years) and the trajectories of alcohol consumption and alcohol problems measured at five different time points, spanning from mid-adolescence (16 years) to early adulthood (23 years) using data from a large population-based birth cohort from the United Kingdom (UK).

Methods

The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was used to assess alcohol consumption and problematic drinking at approximately ages 16, 18, 19, 21, and 23 years among participants of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Predictors (measured before age 16) included polygenic risk scores derived based on results from the UK Biobank, family history of drinking problems, parental monitoring, indicators of internalizing and externalizing problems, smoking, and personality measures. Latent growth models were used for analysis.

Results

Results from growth models showed that most variables, including polygenic risk scores, were associated with the initial stage (i.e., the intercept), while a few variables were associated with the rate of change (i.e., slopes), such as being a female, family history of alcohol problems, and peer group deviance.

Conclusions

Findings from this study indicate that genetic, familial, and personality traits related to externalization were associated with the initial level of drinking or drinking-related problems, whereas fewer variables were associated with the change in drinking or drinking-related problems over time. These findings suggest that these variables can be used to identify high-risk individuals for drinking problems early on, and it is necessary to consider age or developmental stage in alcohol research.

背景：很少有研究联合评估遗传、环境和社会心理因素与饮酒轨迹和酒精问题的关系。在这项研究中，我们使用来自英国（UK）的大型人口出生队列的数据，估计了许多预测因子（在16岁之前测量）与五个不同时间点测量的酒精消费和酒精问题轨迹之间的关系，这些时间点从青春期中期（16岁）到成年早期（23岁）。方法：使用酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）来评估雅芳父母与儿童纵向研究（ALSPAC）参与者在大约16岁、18岁、19岁、21岁和23岁时的酒精消费和有问题的饮酒。预测指标（在16岁之前测量）包括多基因风险评分，该评分基于英国生物银行（UK Biobank）的结果、饮酒问题家族史、父母监控、内化和外化问题指标、吸烟和个性测量。使用潜在增长模型进行分析。结果：生长模型的结果显示，包括多基因风险评分在内的大多数变量与初始阶段（即截距）相关，而少数变量与变化率（即斜率）相关，如女性、酒精问题家族史和同伴群体偏差。结论：本研究的结果表明，与外化相关的遗传、家族和人格特征与饮酒或饮酒相关问题的初始水平有关，而与饮酒或饮酒相关问题随时间变化相关的变量较少。这些发现表明，这些变量可以用于早期识别饮酒问题的高危个体，并且在酒精研究中有必要考虑年龄或发育阶段。

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引用次数: 0

Predicted functional alterations in colonic microbiota metabolism underlie ethanol consumption and preference behavior in mice 预测功能改变的结肠微生物代谢的乙醇消耗和偏好行为的小鼠。

IF 2.7 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)

Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1111/acer.70165

Mírian Velten Mendes, Thiago Cavalcante Lima, Mariana Siqueira Amormino, Jamil Silvano de Oliveira, Fernanda Lima Alvarenga Barroso, Gaëlle Boudry, Renato Elias Moreira-Júnior, Ana Lúcia Brunialti-Godard

Background

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a complex condition affecting several body systems. Gut microbiota alterations, intestinal-barrier disruption, and the consequent translocation of metabolites foster chronic inflammation, lower short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) output, and depleted beneficial bacteria may contribute to transcriptional, epigenetic, and metabolic changes that influence ethanol preference.

Methods

Two experimental phases were used. T1 (8 weeks): mice received either the American Institute of Nutrition standard diet (AING) or a high-sugar-butter (HSB) diet. T2 (4 weeks): HSB animals switched to AING (SWITCH), while AING mice maintained the same diet. Each diet arm was split into ethanol (EtOH; free access to 10% ethanol) or H₂O, generating four groups (AING + H₂O, AING + EtOH, SWITCH + H₂O, and SWITCH + EtOH). Sample processing involved colonic-content collection, 16S rRNA sequencing, microbiome profiling, functional inference, metabolic-network analysis, and SCFA/amino acid quantification.

Results

SWITCH + EtOH mice displayed high ethanol consumption and preference, whereas AING + EtOH mice showed ethanol aversion. Their colonic microbiota differed markedly; amino acid metabolism fell, secondary bile acid synthesis rose, and SCFA production dropped in SWITCH + EtOH animals. Direct measurements confirmed significant reductions in butyrate, acetate, propionate, and selected amino acids. Network analysis revealed enrichment of bacterial metabolism, oxidative stress, and dopamine pathway genes.

Conclusions

Diet-induced dysbiosis, reflected in shifts in microbiota-derived metabolites, was associated with excessive alcohol intake; the metabolites identified can represent potential therapeutic targets for AUD.

背景：酒精使用障碍（AUD）是一种影响多个身体系统的复杂疾病。肠道菌群的改变、肠道屏障的破坏以及随后代谢物的易位会导致慢性炎症、短链脂肪酸（SCFA）输出的减少和有益菌的减少，这些都可能导致影响乙醇偏好的转录、表观遗传和代谢变化。方法：采用两期实验。T1（8周）：小鼠接受美国营养研究所标准饮食（AING）或高糖黄油（HSB）饮食。T2（4周）：HSB动物切换到AING (SWITCH)，而AING小鼠保持相同的饮食。每个饮食组被分成乙醇（乙醇；自由获取10%乙醇）或水，产生四组（AING + H2O, AING + EtOH， SWITCH + H2O和SWITCH + EtOH）。样品处理包括集落含量收集、16S rRNA测序、微生物组分析、功能推断、代谢网络分析和SCFA/氨基酸定量。结果：SWITCH + EtOH小鼠表现出较高的乙醇消耗和偏好，而AING + EtOH小鼠表现出对乙醇的厌恶。它们的结肠微生物群明显不同；SWITCH + EtOH动物的氨基酸代谢下降，次级胆汁酸合成增加，单链脂肪酸产量下降。直接测量证实了丁酸盐、醋酸盐、丙酸盐和选定的氨基酸的显著减少。网络分析显示细菌代谢、氧化应激和多巴胺通路基因富集。结论：饮食引起的生态失调，反映在微生物衍生代谢物的变化中，与过量饮酒有关；鉴定出的代谢物可以代表AUD的潜在治疗靶点。

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引用次数: 0

How much is enough? Assessing 30- versus 60-day Timeline Followback stability in youth alcohol use patterns 多少才够？评估青少年酒精使用模式的30天和60天时间轴随访稳定性。

IF 2.7 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1111/acer.70177

Anna E. Kirkland, Pamela L. Ferguson, Tirza J. Alcala, Louise Mewton, Rachel L. Tomko, Lindsay M. Squeglia

Background

The variability of youth alcohol use is thought to necessitate longer Timeline Followback (TLFB) reporting windows to accurately capture alcohol use patterns. However, longer TLFB windows can increase burden for participants and study staff. This study assessed youth alcohol use patterns across two different 30-day periods (TLFB days 1–30 and 31–60) to inform future research protocols.

Methods

Participants (N = 481 with 504 visits, ages: 15–25) completed a shared intake to determine eligibility for numerous substance-related studies. Alcohol consumption over the past 60 days was assessed using a modified TLFB that recorded total number of drinks, average drinks per day, average drinks per drinking day (DPDD), total number of drinking days, maximum number of drinks in a single day, and total number of binge drinking days (4+ drinks for females, 5+ drinks for males). TLFB data were divided into two 30-day periods: the most recent (Days 1–30) and the more distal (Days 31–60). Analyses were conducted overall and within subgroups by sex, age (under 21 or 21+), presence of alcohol use disorder (AUD), and other substance use. Alcohol use patterns were assessed using Spearman correlations, Wilcoxon signed rank tests, and intraclass correlations (ICC) for test–retest reliability.

Results

All alcohol outcomes were significantly correlated between reporting windows (p's < 0.001). Alcohol use was significantly higher during the more recent reporting window (TLFB Days 1–30; p's < 0.05), except for DPDD (p = 0.58). Overall, the differences between reporting windows were small (on average, less than three total drinks and <1 drinking day or binge drinking day) and suggested clinically similar use patterns. The ICC values suggest moderate-to-good stability between reporting windows. Similar patterns were noted in each subgroup analysis.

Conclusions

A 30-day TLFB window appears sufficient for youth alcohol use assessment, providing comparable and agreeable self-reported alcohol use patterns, with reduced burden.

背景：青少年酒精使用的可变性被认为需要更长的时间线随访（TLFB）报告窗口，以准确捕获酒精使用模式。然而，较长的TLFB窗口会增加参与者和研究人员的负担。本研究评估了两个不同的30天期间（TLFB第1-30天和第31-60天）的青少年酒精使用模式，为未来的研究方案提供信息。方法：参与者（N = 481, 504次访问，年龄：15-25岁）完成了一个共同的摄入量，以确定是否有资格参加许多与物质相关的研究。使用改进的TLFB评估过去60天的酒精消费量，记录总饮酒量、每天平均饮酒量、每天平均饮酒量（DPDD）、总饮酒量、单日最大饮酒量和酗酒天数（女性4+杯，男性5+杯）。TLFB数据分为两个30天的时间段：最近的（第1-30天）和较远的（第31-60天）。根据性别、年龄（21岁以下或21岁以上）、是否存在酒精使用障碍（AUD）和其他物质使用情况进行总体和亚组分析。使用Spearman相关性、Wilcoxon符号秩检验和类内相关性（ICC）进行重测信度评估酒精使用模式。结果：所有酒精结果在报告窗口之间显著相关(p's结论：30天的TLFB窗口似乎足以用于青少年酒精使用评估，提供可比性和一致的自我报告酒精使用模式，减轻了负担。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of empathy on drinking motives, craving, and drink orders: An experimental study 同理心对饮酒动机、渴望和饮酒顺序的影响：一项实验研究。

IF 2.7 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)

Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1111/acer.70184

Lakshmi Kumar, Phoebe H. Lam, Brooke C. Feeney, Kasey G. Creswell

Background

Research suggests that lower empathy may predict alcohol problems. However, prior work has focused on trait-level differences using observational, often cross-sectional, designs, limiting causal inferences and leaving open questions about how state empathy might influence immediate drinking-related processes. We experimentally manipulated state empathy (low vs. high) and drinking contexts (social vs. solitary) to assess their impact on alcohol craving and drink orders and tested theoretically informed mediating mechanisms (i.e., social and conformity drinking motives).

Methods

Heavy drinking young adults (N = 155; mean age = 22.44 ± 1.35 years; 63.23% female) were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions: empathy (low vs. high) and drinking context (expect to drink alone vs. expect to drink with another participant). After completing the empathy manipulation task, during which participants were informed whether they would be drinking alone or with another ostensible participant in the lab, they rated their conformity and social motives for drinking and then reported their alcoholic drink orders and alcohol craving (counterbalanced order).

Results

Despite the empathy manipulation resulting in robust differences in self-reported state empathy, results revealed no significant main effects of empathy condition or drinking context nor their interaction on drinking motives or alcohol outcomes. Social drinking motives predicted increased drink orders (b = 0.02, SE = 0.01, p < 0.05) and alcohol craving (b = 0.21, SE = 0.05, p < 0.001).

Discussion

This study is the first to experimentally test the influence of state empathy and drinking contexts on alcohol outcomes, with drinking motives as mediators. Findings are discussed in the context of the limitations of this study and directions for future research.

背景：研究表明，较低的同理心可能预示着酒精问题。然而，之前的工作主要集中在特质水平上的差异，使用观察性的，通常是横断面的设计，限制因果推论，并留下关于状态同理心如何影响直接饮酒相关过程的开放性问题。我们通过实验操纵状态共情（低vs高）和饮酒环境（社交vs孤独）来评估它们对酒精渴望和饮酒命令的影响，并测试了理论上的中介机制（即社交和从众饮酒动机）。方法：大量饮酒的年轻人（N = 155，平均年龄= 22.44±1.35岁，63.23%为女性）被随机分配到四种实验条件中的一种：共情（低vs高）和饮酒环境（期望单独饮酒vs期望与另一个参与者一起饮酒）。在完成移情操纵任务后，参与者被告知他们是单独饮酒还是与另一个表面上的参与者一起在实验室喝酒，他们对自己的一致性和饮酒的社会动机进行评估，然后报告他们的酒精饮料订单和酒精渴望（平衡订单）。结果：尽管共情操作导致自我报告共情状态的显著差异，但结果显示共情条件或饮酒环境及其相互作用对饮酒动机或饮酒结果没有显著的主要影响。讨论：本研究首次以饮酒动机为中介，实验检验了状态共情和饮酒情境对饮酒结果的影响。讨论了本研究的局限性和未来研究的方向。

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引用次数: 0

A commentary on integrating breath-based stress reduction to address stress and alcohol misuse 关于结合呼吸减压来解决压力和酒精滥用的评论。

IF 2.7 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)

Pub Date : 2025-10-20 DOI: 10.1111/acer.70186

Brandi C. Fink

引用次数: 0