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The Slovenian perspective of a main hearing in an administrative dispute 斯洛文尼亚对行政纠纷主审的看法
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.17721/2227-796x.2019.1.06
Bruna Žuber
Purpose. This article deals with the current legislation and practice of the Republic of Slovenia concerning main hearing in an administrative dispute. Besides, the article is devoted to legal analysis of Slovenian case law and to examination of demands, established by the European Court of Human Rights regarding the right to a fair trial, particularly the right to a main hearing. Methods. To conduct the research successfully, the author used the following methods of scientific knowledge: logical (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction), historical, systemic and formally dogmatic. Results. An integral part of the right to a fair trial is formed by the public nature of a trial, which is, in case of administrative dispute, realised on the basis of a concluded main hearing. Its aim is to ensure a democratic trial, exercise public control over a trial, as well as exercise the right of parties to the dispute and other participants in the procedure to be heard in court. This piece discusses the meaning and the role of the main hearing in an administrative dispute. It examines both legal and general social reasons which speak in favour of the execution of the main hearing. The most important decisions of the European Court of Human Rights and of domestic courts regarding the rights to the main hearing are analysed. The statistical data of the Slovenian Administrative Court on conducting main hearings as an indicator of ensuring the right to a fair trial in the Republic of Slovenia is researched. The author has reached a conclusion that the main hearing in an administrative dispute is of crucial importance with respect to exercising the right to adversarial procedure and right to fair procedure. completed hearing, of a main hearing as human right.
目的。本条涉及斯洛文尼亚共和国关于行政争端主要审理的现行立法和惯例。此外,该条专门对斯洛文尼亚的判例法进行法律分析,并审查欧洲人权法院就公平审判的权利,特别是进行主要审讯的权利所提出的要求。方法。为了成功地进行研究,作者使用了以下科学知识方法:逻辑(分析、综合、归纳、演绎)、历史、系统和形式教条。结果。公正审判权的一个组成部分是由审判的公开性质构成的,在行政纠纷的情况下,这是在结束的主要审理的基础上实现的。其目的是确保民主审判,对审判实行公共控制,并行使争端各方和程序其他参与人在法庭上听取意见的权利。本文论述了主审在行政纠纷中的意义和作用。它审查了有利于执行主要听证会的法律和一般社会原因。分析了欧洲人权法院和国内法院关于主要听审权利的最重要决定。研究了斯洛文尼亚行政法院关于进行主要听证会的统计数据,将其作为确保斯洛文尼亚共和国公平审判权的指标。笔者认为,行政纠纷的主审程序对于行政相对人行使对抗性程序权和程序公正权具有至关重要的意义。完成听证,即作为人权的一次主要听证。
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引用次数: 0
TRUTH OF THE NORM OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW : ESSENCE AND CONTENT OF THE CATEGORY 行政法律规范的真实性:行政法律规范范畴的本质与内容
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.17721//2227-796x.2019.2.01
P. Liutikov
The aim is to determine the content and essence of such a property of the norms of administrative law as their truth on the basis of analyzing the opinions of individual legal scholars. Methods. The validity of the theoretical claims, recommendations for further academic research into the topic, the reliability of the results are ensured by the use of a set of philosophical, general and special scientific methods applied in legal research. The dialectical method of scientific knowledge is used as the main general scien tific method. Results. It is noted that the truth of the norm of administrative law is a condition for its effectiveness. It is pointed out that the degree of effectiveness of the administrative-legal norm depends on the completeness and accuracy of reflection in it of the material and spiritual social conditions. The more adequately the rules of the administrative law reflect the combination of social and personal interests, the processes of social development, the higher the effectiveness of administrative-legal norms is. Taking into consideration the fact that efficiency is the property of the norm of administrative law, which is based on its truth, the author has assumed that the criterion of such truth will be the degree of effectiveness of the legal norm, and indicators will be specific statistical data, confirming or refuting its effectiveness and, respectively, the truth. The opinion is expressed that the truth of the norms of administrative law, as a an absolutely evaluative category, does not have to imperatively reflect the interests of a particular citizen. This does not mean that in this case the author refuses the principle of the rule of law or interprets it somehow differently than other authoritative scholars. It is suggested when defining the essence of this category to start from identifying if the norm satisfies the needs of social development. The author has determined the truth of the administrative-legal norm in terms of the initial data, which reveal the social needs at a certain stage of development of society, namely: the level of development of economic and industrial relations, the state of the natural environment and ecology in general, the state of social and political institutions (family, education and science, medicine, judicial and law enforcement systems, public administration system, etc.), the status of an individual in the society and the level of protection of their rights and interests by the state, mentality, consciousness, worldview of the society, etc. Conclusions. Based on the results of the analysis performed, the author proposes to understand the truth of the norm of administrative law as its property, which characterizes the degree of compliance of the norm with the needs of social development, the full reflection in it of the public relations, regulated by administrative law
目的是在分析个别法学家观点的基础上,确定行政法规范这一属性的内容和本质,即行政法规范的真理性。理论主张的有效性、对该主题进一步学术研究的建议、结果的可靠性都通过在法律研究中应用的一套哲学的、一般的和特殊的科学方法来保证。科学知识的辩证方法被用作主要的一般科学方法。指出行政法规范的真实性是行政法规范有效的条件。指出行政法律规范的有效性取决于行政法律规范反映社会物质和精神状况的完备性和准确性。行政法律规则越是充分地反映社会与个人利益、社会发展进程的结合,行政法律规范的有效性就越高。考虑到效率是行政法律规范的属性,而行政法律规范的属性是建立在其真实性的基础上的,笔者假设真实性的标准是法律规范的有效程度,指标是具体的统计数据,分别是对其有效性的肯定或否定,以及对其真实性的否定。笔者认为,行政法规范的真实性作为一个绝对可评价的范畴,并不一定要反映特定公民的利益。这并不意味着在这种情况下,作者拒绝法治原则或以某种不同于其他权威学者的方式解释法治原则。在界定这一范畴的本质时,建议从确定规范是否满足社会发展的需要入手。笔者根据初步数据确定了行政法律规范的真理性,它揭示了社会发展某一阶段的社会需求,即:经济和产业关系的发展水平、自然环境和生态的总体状况、社会和政治机构(家庭、教育和科学、医学、司法和执法系统、公共管理系统等)的状况、个人在社会中的地位以及国家对其权利和利益的保护水平、心态、意识、社会世界观等。在分析结果的基础上,笔者提出将行政法规范的真实性理解为行政法规范的属性,它表征着行政法规范对社会发展需求的顺应程度,是行政法规范的公共关系在行政法规范中的充分体现
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引用次数: 1
Role of “entrepreneurs” in implementation of international regulation “企业家”在执行国际法规中的作用
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.17721/2227-796X.2019.1.09
S. Maĭstruk
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引用次数: 0
EINIGE PROBLEME DER ENTWICKLUNG DER VERWALTUNGSGERICHTSBARKEIT IN DER REPUBLIK USBEKISTAN 乌兹别克斯坦共和国行政管辖发展中的一些问题
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.17721/2227-796x.2019.4.11
Azamat Egamberdiev
I. EinleitungII. Allgemeine Prinzipien des Rechtsschutzes der Bürger gegen Verwaltungshandeln1. Das Wesen der gerichtlichen Verwaltungskontrolle2. Grundstrukturen des VerwaltungsrechtsschutzesIII. Theoretische Grundlagen und einige Probleme der Entwicklung der Verwaltungsgerichtsbarkeit1. Verwaltungsgerichtsbarkeit als ein wissenschaftliches Problema) Diskussion um die Schaffung einer Verwaltungsgerichtsbarkeitb) Begriffe und verfassungsrechtliche Herausforderungenc) Tragende Prinzipien eines rechtsstaatlichen Anforderungen entsprechenden Verwaltungsprozessesd) Verwaltungsgerichtsbarkeit als wichtige Einrichtung im öffentlichen Interesse2. Relevante gesellschaftliche, politische und rechtliche Bedingungen für die Akzeptanz der Verwaltungsgerichtsbarkeita) Das Wesen der Verwaltungsreform als Systementscheidungb) Rolle des Rechts in der rechtsstaatlichen Modernisierung des StaatesIV. Schlussbemerkungen
一世EinleitungII .公民保护保护的一般原则反对行政贸易…司法管理的本质它的基础法律制度。性理论基础,和行政机制发展的某些问题Verwaltungsgerichtsbarkeit作为一本科学的毛病),关于建立Verwaltungsgerichtsbarkeitb)概念和宪法Herausforderungenc 299)原则的法治需求相应Verwaltungsprozessesd) Verwaltungsgerichtsbarkeit作为重要机构的公共Interesse2 .对行政机构能接受的相关社会、政治和法律条件;行政改革是系统决策b的本质;法律在州法现代化中发挥的作用。最后意见。
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引用次数: 1
LEGAL FICTIONS FOR ADMINISTRATIVE COURTS 行政法院法律拟稿
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.17721/2227-796x.2019.4.09
A. Barikova
Goal. The paper reveals features of applying administrative procedural legal fictions in order to avoid abuse of the right and evasion of the law when exercising procedural discretion. Methods. For achievement of research purposes, the author uses special legal methods of scientific knowledge: formal-logical, system-functional, formal-logical, comparative-legal. Results. Historiography of the legal fictions use has been dealt with. Essence of fictions has been highlighted in the paper as legal anomalies. The use of legal fictions in the administrative process has been detailed, taking into account the Grundnorm theory. The connection between legal fictions and legal regulations has been revealed. The legal fiction has been described as a reinterpretation of the facts of an event in order to make these facts compatible with the rule, and at the same time allowing to get the correct result. This is a type of legal fiction-reinterpreting X (or class X) as Y in order to avoid an “inconvenient”, unreliable, false, etc. result for the purposes of the law. As a rule, it is recognized that X is not Y. That is, the court considers the creation of a fiction as a legitimate action within the framework of the judicial process; the activity that could be performed without concealment as a discretely true category. Case law on the application of legal fictions has been described. It has been advised to use legal fictions when considering and resolving disputes, provided that there are false or clearly erroneous judgments in the provisions of existing applicable legal rules. As a consequence, time and resource costs for clarifying the facts of the case and over-motivating the judgment are minimized. Conclusions. Firstly, features of legal fictions have been highlighted, in particular, for achieving the goals and objectives of administrative proceedings. Secondly, the classification of arguments, methods and approaches to the application of such atypical regulators in the administrative process has been proposed by the “meta” degree: 1) on the fundamental metric – internal, or zero-order arguments; 2) at the derivative definitive level – by defining functional, structural and relative concepts.
的目标。本文揭示了行政程序性法律虚构运用的特点,以避免行政程序性自由裁量权的滥用和法律规避。为达到研究目的,笔者采用了形式逻辑、系统功能、形式逻辑、比较法律结果等科学知识法学研究方法。对法律小说的使用进行了史学研究。小说的本质是法律上的异常现象。考虑到格伦德规范理论,对行政程序中法律虚构的使用进行了详细的说明。法律虚构与法律规制之间的联系已被揭示。法律虚构被描述为对事件事实的重新解释,以便使这些事实符合规则,同时允许得到正确的结果。这是一种法律虚构——将X(或X类)重新解释为Y,以避免法律目的的“不方便”、不可靠、虚假等结果。一般来说,人们认为X不是y。也就是说,法院认为在司法程序的框架内,虚构的创作是一种合法的行为;作为一个离散的真实类别,可以不被隐瞒地进行的活动。对判例法中法律虚构的适用进行了阐述。建议在审议和解决争端时使用法律虚构,前提是现有适用的法律规则的规定中存在错误或明显错误的判断。因此,澄清案件事实和过度推动判决所需的时间和资源成本被降到最低。首先,强调了法律虚构的特点,特别是为了实现行政诉讼的目的和目的。其次,“元”度提出了在行政过程中应用此类非典型监管者的论点、方法和途径的分类:1)基于基本度量-内部或零阶论点;2)在衍生确定性层面-通过定义功能,结构和相关概念。
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引用次数: 0
MIGRATION MANAGEMENT WITHIN FAMILY REUNIFICATION 家庭团聚中的移民管理
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.17721/2227-796x.2019.4.05
Sina Fontana
Family reunification is one of the purposes of stay within the Residence Act. The granting of the residence permit is fundamentally designed as a claim and must be granted if the requirements are met. In the course of ongoing forced migration, family reunification has become the focus of debates for ways to limit refugee migration. Since Article 6, Paragraphs 1 and 2 of the German Basic Law on the protection of marriage and family do not give rise to a right to entry, although its scope of protection must be taken into account when designing regulations on family reunification, the legislative scope for action is limited. The German legislature has decided that family reunification should be limited for persons with subsidiary protection status. Subsidiary protection is an element of protection that is shaped by EU law, which occurs alongside national asylum law and refugee protection, which is also shaped by EU law. Different requirements apply to these protective elements. Upon recognition, a humanitarian residence permit is issued, which differs in length depending on the protection status. While in the case of recognition as a person entitled to asylum or refugee status, the residence permit is initially issued for a period of one year, the duration in the case of subsidiary protection is only one year. In all cases there is the possibility of an extension. This different length of stay and the lower prospect of staying are the starting point for the restriction of family reunification for persons entitled to subsidiary protection in Section 36a of the Residence Act. As specified in the regulation as an example, family members of a person with subsidiary protection status can be granted a residence permit for the humanitarian reasons. The family reunification is now made dependent on the existence of further prerequisites in addition to family ties and is also designed not as a right but as a discretionary clause. In addition, the number of visas is limited to 1000 per month. Concerns about this restriction of family reunification were raised, in terms of possible violation of Article 6 Paragraphs 1 and 2 and Article 3 Paragraph 1 (Equality before the law) of the German Basic Law. Based on this, the following article carries out a constitutional analysis.
家庭团聚是居留法规定的居留目的之一。居留许可的授予基本上是一种申请,如果满足要求,就必须授予。在持续不断的被迫移徙过程中,家庭团聚已成为限制难民移徙方式辩论的焦点。由于《德国基本法》关于保护婚姻和家庭的第6条第1款和第2款没有规定入境权,尽管在制定关于家庭团聚的条例时必须考虑到其保护范围,因此采取行动的立法范围是有限的。德国立法机关已决定,家庭团聚应限于具有附属保护地位的人。辅助保护是由欧盟法律形成的保护要素,它与国家庇护法和难民保护一起发生,后者也由欧盟法律形成。不同的要求适用于这些保护元件。一经确认,将颁发人道主义居留许可,其长短视保护状况而定。在被承认为有权获得庇护或难民地位的人的情况下,最初颁发的居留证期限为一年,而在获得辅助保护的情况下,期限仅为一年。在任何情况下都有延期的可能。这种不同的停留时间和较低的停留前景是限制《居住法》第36a条中有权获得辅助保护的人的家庭团聚的起点。如条例所规定的例子,具有附属保护地位的人的家庭成员可因人道主义原因获得居留证。家庭团聚现在取决于除家庭关系之外是否存在进一步的先决条件,而且也不是作为一项权利而是作为一项酌情条款设计的。此外,每个月的签证数量限制为1000个。有人对这种对家庭团聚的限制表示关切,认为这可能违反《德国基本法》第6条第1款和第2款以及第3条第1款(法律面前人人平等)。在此基础上,本文进行了宪政分析。
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引用次数: 0
Determinants of the state policy effectiveness in the field of science in Ukraine 乌克兰科学领域国家政策有效性的决定因素
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.17721/2227-796x.2019.1.03
S. Mosondz
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引用次数: 0
Institutional framework for public utility regulation: case study of the district heating sector in Ukraine 公用事业监管的制度框架:乌克兰区域供热部门的案例研究
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.17721/2227-796x.2019.1.02
A. Kazantseva
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引用次数: 0
PROTECTION OF ECONOMIC COMPETITION: AN OVERVIEW OF THE LATEST LEGISLATIVE NOVELTIES 保护经济竞争:最新立法创新概述
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.17721/2227-796x.2019.2.11
Sergii Shkliar, Olha Bulaieva
Purpose. The article is dedicated to the analysis of the main changes introduced by the Law of Ukraine “On Amendments to Some Laws of Ukraine ensuring the principles of procedural justice and increasing the efficiency of proceedings in cases of violations of the legislation on the protection of economic competition”. Methods. Law of Ukraine “On Amendments to Some Laws of Ukraine ensuring the principles of procedural justice and increasing the efficiency of proceedings in cases of violations of the legislation on the protection of economic competition” proposes the implementation of several novelties. Among them are: the restriction for the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine by certain time limits for considering cases; possibility of extension of the term for consideration of cases by decision of the Committee’s State Commissioner or head of a territorial office; renewal of deadlines for consideration of cases where the respondent is replaced or a co-respondent is involved; provision for the consequences of missing the deadlines for considering cases and also the mechanism of consultations during the consideration of a case, which may be appointed either on the initiative of the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine or on the motion of interested persons. Results. The abovementioned amendments will influence the existing system of economic competition protection in a serious way. Among the changes are: – the fine for delayed payment of a fine imposed by the Antimonopoly Committees of Ukraine decision on violation of the legislation on the protection of economic competition is cancelled; – the member of the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine who conducted or organized an investigation is deprived of the right to vote in the process of decision-making in the respective case; – the procedure for holding hearings is defined; – recusals and self-recusals are envisaged for the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine officers; – the grounds for acquiring the third-party status in a case are changed; – the rights of persons involved in the case are specified and expanded. An important remark of the Law of Ukraine “On Amendments to Some Laws of Ukraine ensuring the principles of procedural justice and increasing the efficiency of proceedings in cases of violations of the legislation on the protection of economic competition” is that a person that is exempted from liability or whose fine is reduced shall still be liable for damage caused by the violation to other persons. Conclusions. As a result, Law of Ukraine “On Amendments to Some Laws of Ukraine ensuring the principles of procedural justice and increasing the efficiency of proceedings in cases of violations of the legislation on the protection of economic competition” is expected to become an important step forward in increasing the effectiveness of investigations into violations of the legislation on the protection of economic competition. It can also be regarded as the next step to harmonize Ukrainian
目的。本文旨在分析乌克兰法律“关于修改乌克兰部分法律以确保程序正义原则和提高违反保护经济竞争立法案件的诉讼效率”所带来的主要变化。乌克兰法律“关于修改乌克兰一些法律以确保程序正义原则和提高违反保护经济竞争立法案件的诉讼效率”提出了几项新措施的实施。其中包括:对乌克兰反垄断委员会审议案件的时间限制;根据委员会国家专员或地区办事处负责人的决定延长审议案件期限的可能性;更换被申请人或者有共同被申请人的案件,延长审理期限;规定错过审议案件的最后期限的后果,以及在审议案件期间的磋商机制,该机制可以根据乌克兰反垄断委员会的倡议或利害关系人的动议任命。上述修改将严重影响现行的经济竞争保护制度。这些变化包括:-取消乌克兰反垄断委员会对违反保护经济竞争立法的决定所施加的罚款的延迟支付罚款;-进行或组织调查的乌克兰反垄断委员会成员在各自案件的决策过程中被剥夺投票权;-确定了举行听证会的程序;-设想了回避和自我回避乌克兰反垄断委员会官员;-在案件中获得第三方地位的理由发生了变化;-案件中涉及的人员的权利得到了具体规定和扩大。乌克兰法律《关于修改乌克兰部分法律,在违反保护经济竞争立法的案件中确保程序正义原则和提高诉讼效率》的一个重要评论是,被免除责任或减少罚款的人仍应对其违法行为对他人造成的损害承担责任。因此,乌克兰法律“关于修改乌克兰部分法律,确保程序正义原则和提高违反保护经济竞争立法案件的诉讼效率”有望成为提高对违反保护经济竞争立法的调查效力的重要一步。它也可以被视为使乌克兰立法与欧盟法规协调一致的下一步。
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引用次数: 0
Specialties of judicial claiming of acts in cases of administrative offences rendered by police officers (by results of judicial practice) 警务人员在行政违法案件中所作行为的司法申索的特殊性(按司法实践的结果)
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.17721/2227-796X.2019.1.05
Roman Mironyuk
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Administrative law and process
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