In traditional Indian society, older persons were key decision makers while younger generations would tend to comply with their decisions. This tradition has changed in the context of modernization and urbanization. This paper focuses on the status of older persons, their role, their decision-making power and the expectations they have of their children, society and the government. Data for this paper was collected from the rural areas of Amravati district in Maharashtra, using semi-structured interview schedules. A total of 600 respondents, both males and females, were interviewed. A systematic sampling technique was used for data collection. In addition to the issues cited above, the impact of various socio-economic characteristics on decision-making power and status is discussed.
{"title":"Status, decision-making role and expectations of older persons in rural Maharashtra, India","authors":"Dhananjay W. Bansod","doi":"10.18356/bb28643f-en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18356/bb28643f-en","url":null,"abstract":"In traditional Indian society, older persons were key decision makers while younger generations would tend to comply with their decisions. This tradition has changed in the context of modernization and urbanization. This paper focuses on the status of older persons, their role, their decision-making power and the expectations they have of their children, society and the government. Data for this paper was collected from the rural areas of Amravati district in Maharashtra, using semi-structured interview schedules. A total of 600 respondents, both males and females, were interviewed. A systematic sampling technique was used for data collection. In addition to the issues cited above, the impact of various socio-economic characteristics on decision-making power and status is discussed.","PeriodicalId":72317,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific population journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"3-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67748899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The dissolution of the former Soviet Union and the transition from a centrally planned to a market-based economy within the subregion of Central Asia has been accompanied by population movements which were unprecedented in modern history. While lack of reliable statistical data makes it difficult to assess the scope and scale of such movements in Central Asia, migration is predicted to rise substantially due to declining working-age populations in some countries, and high rates of population growth accompanied by relative economic disadvantage in others. This article attempts to explore key social issues emerging in relation to labor migration and remittances, and examines the impact of migration on communities in both countries of origin and countries of destination. It concludes with key policy recommendations, which include: instigating constructive regional dialogue on migration; focusing on gender-sensitive issues; undertaking policy measures to effectively address the needs of migrants; and creating better social protection and services for migrants and their families.
{"title":"Social impact of international migration and remittances in Central Asia","authors":"D. Abdurazakova","doi":"10.18356/E5944C36-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18356/E5944C36-EN","url":null,"abstract":"The dissolution of the former Soviet Union and the transition from a centrally planned to a market-based economy within the subregion of Central Asia has been accompanied by population movements which were unprecedented in modern history. While lack of reliable statistical data makes it difficult to assess the scope and scale of such movements in Central Asia, migration is predicted to rise substantially due to declining working-age populations in some countries, and high rates of population growth accompanied by relative economic disadvantage in others. This article attempts to explore key social issues emerging in relation to labor migration and remittances, and examines the impact of migration on communities in both countries of origin and countries of destination. It concludes with key policy recommendations, which include: instigating constructive regional dialogue on migration; focusing on gender-sensitive issues; undertaking policy measures to effectively address the needs of migrants; and creating better social protection and services for migrants and their families.","PeriodicalId":72317,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific population journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"29-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67765940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liying Zhang, Xiaoming Li, Hongmei Yang, R. Mao, Qun Zhao
There has been a dramatic increase in interprovincial migration in China because of regional economic disparities. Interprovincial migration has contributed to population redistribution and economic development, however, limited data are available to examine whether the health status of interprovincial migrants differs from that of intraprovincial migrants. Data from 1,842 rural-to-urban temporary migrants aged 18-30 years were analyzed to examine the differences in health status (measured by self-rated health, physical problems, depression), and health-seeking behaviour between these two types of internal migrants. It was found that interprovincial migrants were more likely to report depression symptoms and were less likely to seek formal health-care services than intraprovincial migrants. The findings indicate that specific attention should be given to health promotion and health-care access of interprovincial rural-to-urban migrants.
{"title":"Health status and health-seeking behaviour between interprovincial and intraprovincial rural-to-urban young migrants in Nanjing China.","authors":"Liying Zhang, Xiaoming Li, Hongmei Yang, R. Mao, Qun Zhao","doi":"10.18356/C2601935-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18356/C2601935-EN","url":null,"abstract":"There has been a dramatic increase in interprovincial migration in China because of regional economic disparities. Interprovincial migration has contributed to population redistribution and economic development, however, limited data are available to examine whether the health status of interprovincial migrants differs from that of intraprovincial migrants. Data from 1,842 rural-to-urban temporary migrants aged 18-30 years were analyzed to examine the differences in health status (measured by self-rated health, physical problems, depression), and health-seeking behaviour between these two types of internal migrants. It was found that interprovincial migrants were more likely to report depression symptoms and were less likely to seek formal health-care services than intraprovincial migrants. The findings indicate that specific attention should be given to health promotion and health-care access of interprovincial rural-to-urban migrants.","PeriodicalId":72317,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific population journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"39-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67751106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines economic deprivations among elderly and non-elderly households in India, using data from the National Family Health Survey-3 (2005-2006). Economic deprivation is measured with respect to the asset poor, derived from a set of economic proxies, such as housing quality, household amenities, land ownership and consumer durables, using the principal component analysis. Results show that the poverty level among older persons living in nuclear households was very high compared with that among older persons living in non-nuclear households or households without any elderly. This paper therefore suggests an analysis of the poverty data by integrating the type of households and living arrangements for the elderly to ensure evidence-based policies and programmes. It also suggests that all elderly living in nuclear households with little or no education be included in existing social pension systems and incentives be provided to promote co-residence among older persons.
{"title":"Household type and poor older persons in India","authors":"S. Mohanty, R. Sinha","doi":"10.18356/15C63A5E-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18356/15C63A5E-EN","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines economic deprivations among elderly and non-elderly households in India, using data from the National Family Health Survey-3 (2005-2006). Economic deprivation is measured with respect to the asset poor, derived from a set of economic proxies, such as housing quality, household amenities, land ownership and consumer durables, using the principal component analysis. Results show that the poverty level among older persons living in nuclear households was very high compared with that among older persons living in non-nuclear households or households without any elderly. This paper therefore suggests an analysis of the poverty data by integrating the type of households and living arrangements for the elderly to ensure evidence-based policies and programmes. It also suggests that all elderly living in nuclear households with little or no education be included in existing social pension systems and incentives be provided to promote co-residence among older persons.","PeriodicalId":72317,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific population journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"55-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67676056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article analyses trends in work participation and working life expectancy in post retirement life of persons aged 60 plus by primary, secondary and tertiary sectors to examine a correlation between longevity and post retirement economic activity in India. It was found that in India the average length of working life at 60 plus is 9.8 years for males and 3.9 years for females. Though the life expectancy at 60 plus for males had increased by 2.9 years over the period 1971-2001, working life expectancy for males had decreased marginally by 0.1 years during the same reference period. On the other hand, with a 4.2 year gain in longevity at age 60 plus among females during 1971-2001, their working life expectancy increased by 2.4 years during the same reference period. Work participation has shifted from the primary to the formal sector, which indicates an increase in productive activity in the post retirement period.
{"title":"Economic activity in post retirement life in India","authors":"P. Dhillon, L. Ladusingh","doi":"10.18356/AE006456-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18356/AE006456-EN","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyses trends in work participation and working life expectancy in post retirement life of persons aged 60 plus by primary, secondary and tertiary sectors to examine a correlation between longevity and post retirement economic activity in India. It was found that in India the average length of working life at 60 plus is 9.8 years for males and 3.9 years for females. Though the life expectancy at 60 plus for males had increased by 2.9 years over the period 1971-2001, working life expectancy for males had decreased marginally by 0.1 years during the same reference period. On the other hand, with a 4.2 year gain in longevity at age 60 plus among females during 1971-2001, their working life expectancy increased by 2.4 years during the same reference period. Work participation has shifted from the primary to the formal sector, which indicates an increase in productive activity in the post retirement period.","PeriodicalId":72317,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific population journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"55-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67739482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines fertility and mortality trends in Southern Asia and their consequences for changes in age structure, dependency ratio, population ageing and feminization of the elderly population. It highlights challenges and opportunities brought about by the demographic transition. In particular the paper suggests ways in which countries in Southern Asia can reap the benefits of the “demographic dividend”, which is a one-time “window of opportunity” that countries in the region should fully exploit. This is particularly evident when looking towards future demographic trends in the region in which a number of countries in Southern Asia will need to deal with problems associated with ageing. In preparing for such a future, there is a need to start formulating policies for the elderly today.
{"title":"Demographic transition in Southern Asia: Challenges and opportunities","authors":"B. Gubhaju","doi":"10.18356/D6A8C96B-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18356/D6A8C96B-EN","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines fertility and mortality trends in Southern Asia and their consequences for changes in age structure, dependency ratio, population ageing and feminization of the elderly population. It highlights challenges and opportunities brought about by the demographic transition. In particular the paper suggests ways in which countries in Southern Asia can reap the benefits of the “demographic dividend”, which is a one-time “window of opportunity” that countries in the region should fully exploit. This is particularly evident when looking towards future demographic trends in the region in which a number of countries in Southern Asia will need to deal with problems associated with ageing. In preparing for such a future, there is a need to start formulating policies for the elderly today.","PeriodicalId":72317,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific population journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"3-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67758966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is widely acknowledged that age at marriage has a significant influence on fertility, particularly in the countries where childbearing occurs within marriage. However, the complexities of marriage/fertility relationship are poorly understood, especially during fertility transitions. This paper investigates the complex relationship between marriage and fertility by examining age at marriage, marital fertility and birth interval dynamics in India, using data collected in nationally representative surveys in 1992/1993 and 2005/2006. The decline in fertility during this period could be attributed to changes in marital fertility rather than to changes in marriage age. Women marrying late tend to have shorter first birth interval than women marrying at a younger age. However, the second and higher birth intervals are longer among those marrying late.
{"title":"Marriage and fertility dynamics in India","authors":"P. Dommaraju","doi":"10.18356/DCF9F3C9-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18356/DCF9F3C9-EN","url":null,"abstract":"It is widely acknowledged that age at marriage has a significant influence on fertility, particularly in the countries where childbearing occurs within marriage. However, the complexities of marriage/fertility relationship are poorly understood, especially during fertility transitions. This paper investigates the complex relationship between marriage and fertility by examining age at marriage, marital fertility and birth interval dynamics in India, using data collected in nationally representative surveys in 1992/1993 and 2005/2006. The decline in fertility during this period could be attributed to changes in marital fertility rather than to changes in marriage age. Women marrying late tend to have shorter first birth interval than women marrying at a younger age. However, the second and higher birth intervals are longer among those marrying late.","PeriodicalId":72317,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific population journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"21-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67761858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper investigates the demographic and socio-economic correlates of utilization of integrated child development services (ICDS) among children. Using data from the National Family Health Survey-3 (2005- 2006), an attempt has been made to find out differences in the level of utilization according to social class and household economic conditions. This paper found that the utilization was far from satisfactory cutting across social class, household economic status and other attributes. The article presents findings that could help evolve new strategies to improve the utilization of ICDS services, and potentially reduce persistent undernutrition in India.
{"title":"Exploring demographic and socio-economic factors influencing utilization of integrated child development services","authors":"Saswata Ghosh, B. Das","doi":"10.18356/7CBD4B82-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18356/7CBD4B82-EN","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the demographic and socio-economic correlates of utilization of integrated child development services (ICDS) among children. Using data from the National Family Health Survey-3 (2005- 2006), an attempt has been made to find out differences in the level of utilization according to social class and household economic conditions. This paper found that the utilization was far from satisfactory cutting across social class, household economic status and other attributes. The article presents findings that could help evolve new strategies to improve the utilization of ICDS services, and potentially reduce persistent undernutrition in India.","PeriodicalId":72317,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific population journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"11-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67716394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines whether there are significant variations in contraceptive prevalence rates between women who live or do not live in slums of Calcutta, India. A Disparity Index is calculated, using unit level data from the 2006 Demographic Health Survey. The Index reveals that variations in overall and modern contraceptive prevalence rates between currently married slum and non-slum respondents are low. Statistical tests (both parametric and non-parametric) reveal that though differences in overall contraceptive prevalence rates are significantly lower in slums, differences in usage of modern methods between slum and non- slum areas is marginal. This is also confirmed by econometric methods using an ordered logit model. This model indicates that slum respondents are reluctant to adopt contraceptives. However, once their initial resistance is overcome, they prefer modern – particularly terminal – methods. Analysis reveals that cultural forces – socio-religious identity, language and preference for more children (particularly sons) – are responsible for creating barriers to adopting family planning methods.
{"title":"Do slum dwellers have lower contraceptive prevalence rates? An analysis of current use patterns in Calcutta, India","authors":"Mousumi Dutta, Z. Husain","doi":"10.18356/426B44CE-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18356/426B44CE-EN","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines whether there are significant variations in contraceptive prevalence rates between women who live or do not live in slums of Calcutta, India. A Disparity Index is calculated, using unit level data from the 2006 Demographic Health Survey. The Index reveals that variations in overall and modern contraceptive prevalence rates between currently married slum and non-slum respondents are low. Statistical tests (both parametric and non-parametric) reveal that though differences in overall contraceptive prevalence rates are significantly lower in slums, differences in usage of modern methods between slum and non- slum areas is marginal. This is also confirmed by econometric methods using an ordered logit model. This model indicates that slum respondents are reluctant to adopt contraceptives. However, once their initial resistance is overcome, they prefer modern – particularly terminal – methods. Analysis reveals that cultural forces – socio-religious identity, language and preference for more children (particularly sons) – are responsible for creating barriers to adopting family planning methods.","PeriodicalId":72317,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific population journal","volume":"64 1","pages":"29-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67698738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper evaluates the level and determinants of consistency in reporting contraception among couples using the couple dataset (N=2249) of the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). This paper reveals that 76.5 per cent of couples in Bangladesh consistently reported contraception. Significant community effect was found in the data, which means that couples from different communities having similar characteristics will show different levels of consistency in reporting contraception. This paper recommends that DHS enhance the quality of questionnaires in order to improve the level of consistency in reporting contraception use. Programmes should emphasize effective communication within couples. Likewise, communicating family planning messages in the mass media should be further strengthened.
{"title":"Consistency in reporting contraception among couples in Bangladesh","authors":"Mohammad Amirul Islam","doi":"10.18356/75078DB4-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18356/75078DB4-EN","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates the level and determinants of consistency in reporting contraception among couples using the couple dataset (N=2249) of the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). This paper reveals that 76.5 per cent of couples in Bangladesh consistently reported contraception. Significant community effect was found in the data, which means that couples from different communities having similar characteristics will show different levels of consistency in reporting contraception. This paper recommends that DHS enhance the quality of questionnaires in order to improve the level of consistency in reporting contraception use. Programmes should emphasize effective communication within couples. Likewise, communicating family planning messages in the mass media should be further strengthened.","PeriodicalId":72317,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific population journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"79-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67714605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：