Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)最新文献

英文中文

Recently acquired hepatitis C: Epidemiological characteristics and treatment response in a large cohort of MSM living with HIV in Madrid 最近获得性丙型肝炎：马德里一个感染艾滋病毒的男男性行为者大队列的流行病学特征和治疗反应。

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2023.06.011

Introduction

We analyzed epidemiological, clinical characteristics, and the response to treatment in people living with HIV (PLHIV) who recently acquired hepatitis C (RAHC) in a multicentre study in Madrid (Spain).

Methods

Multicenter, ambispective, observational study of RAHC in men who have sex with men (MSM) infected with HIV. Clinical, epidemiological, and RAHC evolution were recorded prospectively in 2019 and 2020 and retrospectively in 2017 and 2018. In patients who received HCV treatment, sustained virological response (SVR) was provided 12 weeks after the end of treatment in an intention to treat analysis (ITT): all treated patients were included; and in analysis per-protocol (PP): missing patients were excluded.

Results

Overall, 133 patients were included. Median (IQR) age was 40 (34.3–46.1) years, 90.9% had at least one previous sexual transmission disease (STD), and 33.6% had previously hepatitis C. More than half of the prospective sample included patients using chemsex related drugs (57.3%), 45.7% of them intravenously. The most prevalent genotype was G1a (66.2%), followed by G4 (11.3%). Ten of 90 patients evaluated for spontaneous cure (11%) cured the infection spontaneously, and 119 had treatment after a median time of 1.8 (0.7–4.6) months: sustained virological response (SVR) was achieved in 90.7% in the ITT and 94.7% in the PP analysis, with no differences regarding the direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA) combination used.

Conclusions

MSM infected by HIV with a RAHC were exposed to high-risk sexual behavior. Spontaneous cure rate was low, while SVR after treatment was achieved by more than 90%.

引言：我们在马德里（西班牙）的一项多中心研究中分析了最近获得丙型肝炎（RAHC）的HIV感染者（PLHIV）的流行病学、临床特征和治疗反应。方法：对感染HIV的男男性行为者（MSM）的RAHC进行多中心、双视角、观察性研究。2019年和2020年前瞻性记录了临床、流行病学和RAHC演变，2017年和2018年进行了回顾性记录。在接受HCV治疗的患者中，在意向治疗分析（ITT）中，在治疗结束后12周提供持续病毒学应答（SVR）：包括所有接受治疗的患者；在按方案分析（PP）中：遗漏的患者被排除在外。结果：共纳入133例患者。中位（IQR）年龄为40岁（34.3-46.1），90.9%的患者至少有一种性传播疾病（STD），33.6%的患者有丙型肝炎。超过一半的前瞻性样本包括使用化学性相关药物的患者（57.3%），其中45.7%是静脉注射的。最常见的基因型是G1a（66.2%），其次是G4（11.3%）。90名被评估为自发治愈的患者中有10名（11%）自发治愈了感染，119名患者在中位时间为1.8（0.7-4.6）个月后接受了治疗：ITT和PP分析中，持续病毒学应答（SVR）分别为90.7%和94.7%，对于所使用的直接作用抗病毒药物（DAA）组合没有差异。结论：携带RAHC的男男性接触者存在高危性行为。自发治愈率低，治疗后SVR达到90%以上。

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引用次数: 0

Atypical bullae in hands and trunk: An unusual suspect 手部和躯干的非典型鼓包：一个不寻常的嫌疑人

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2023.12.003

引用次数: 0

Sequencing the evolution of vaccinia skin lesions in a laboratory worker: Insights from image analysis 对一名实验室工作人员的疫苗皮损演变过程进行测序：图像分析的启示。

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2024.04.009

引用次数: 0

Usefulness of decentralized sequencing networks on antimicrobial resistance surveillance 分散测序网络对抗菌药耐药性监测的作用。

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2024.04.013

引用次数: 0

Proposing the change of name of viruela del mono (monkeypox) in Spanish to viruela M 建议将 "猴痘病毒"（viruela del mono）的西班牙语名称改为 "猴痘病毒"（viruela M）。

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2024.08.001

Francisco Javier Membrillo de Novales , Jaime García Iglesias , Miriam Álvarez , Luis E. Cuellar , María Eugenia Gutiérrez-Pimentel , Alexis M. Holguin , Virgilio Lezcano , Susana Lloveras , Mariella Raijmakers , Iván Arturo Rodríguez Sabogal , Adriana Sucari , Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales , on behalf of the Latin American Alliance for Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (ALEIMC)

引用次数: 0

Infectious pathology imported from the northern hemisphere 从北半球传入的传染病学。

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2024.03.003

引用次数: 0

Anticipating the side effects of benznidazole: HLA-B*35 and patch test 预测苯并咪唑的副作用：HLA-B*35 和斑贴试验。

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2024.04.011

Introduction

Treatment of Chagas disease frequently causes distress to patients due to a high incidence of adverse effects. Different preemptive tests have been researched to prevent these effects and to allow focus to be given to certain predisposed patients. Benznidazole is the most prescribed Chagas disease treatment in Spain.

In this work, we analyzed the genetic markers HLA-B*35 allele group and HLA-B*35:05 allele specifically, as well as an allergy patch test, as benznidazole's most frequent adverse effects are cutaneous.

Methods

HLA-B intermediate-resolution genotyping was performed followed by a high-resolution level analysis. Cutaneous allergies were tested using strips impregnated with a mixture of benznidazole and placed on the upper back of patients before starting treatment.

Results

In our sample of more than 400 patients, there was almost no relationship between any kind of side effect and either of the HLA-B alleles studied. The patch testing was quickly discarded as a preemptive test due to its low sensitivity (16.7%).

Conclusion

In conclusion, we were unable to replicate and corroborate genetic markers identified by other groups and there is currently no test that can anticipate the adverse effects of benznidazole, therefore, more investigation should be carried out in this field.

导言：南美锥虫病的治疗由于不良反应发生率高，常常给患者带来痛苦。为了预防这些不良反应，并使某些易感患者得到重点治疗，人们研究了不同的预防性试验。在西班牙，苯并咪唑是治疗恰加斯病最常用的处方药。在这项工作中，我们分析了遗传标记 HLA-B*35 等位基因组和 HLA-B*35:05 等位基因，并进行了过敏贴片测试，因为苯并咪唑最常见的不良反应是皮肤过敏。在开始治疗前，使用浸渍了苯并咪唑混合物的试纸条贴在患者的上背部进行皮肤过敏测试：在我们对 400 多名患者的抽样调查中，几乎没有发现任何一种副作用与所研究的任何一种 HLA-B 等位基因有关。由于贴片测试的灵敏度较低（16.7%），我们很快就放弃了将其作为预防性测试的做法：总之，我们无法复制和证实其他研究小组发现的遗传标记，目前也没有任何检测方法可以预测苯并咪唑的不良反应，因此，应在这一领域开展更多研究。

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引用次数: 0

Challenges and strategies in the prevention of dengue: A challenge for public health 预防登革热的挑战和战略：公共卫生面临的挑战。

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2024.04.006

引用次数: 0

Addressing catheter lock therapy: Does heparin reduce the bioactivity of dalbavancin when together in solution during freezing? 解决导管锁定疗法：肝素与达巴万星一起在溶液中冷冻时是否会降低达巴万星的生物活性？

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2024.02.013

Introduction

The possible use of dalbavancin as a catheter lock solution was previously demonstrated by our study group. However, it was needed to assess whether heparin could affect dalbavancin bioactivity during freezing storage.

Methods

We tested the bioactivity of a dalbavancin + heparin (DH) vs. dalbavancin (D) against Staphylococcal biofilms comparing DH median value of cfu counts and metabolic activity with that obtained for D before and during storage under freezing up to 6 months.

Results

Despite there was a slight decrease in the median percentage reduction of metabolic activity at month 3 in Staphylococcus epidermidis between DH and D (97.6 vs. 100, p = 0.037), considering the clinical criteria, no significant reduction in any of the variables tested was observed at the end of the experiment between D and DH solutions.

Conclusion

The addition of heparin to a dalbavancin lock solution did not affect its bioactivity against staphylococcal biofilms irrespective of its preservation time under freezing.

简介我们的研究小组曾证实达巴万星可用作导管锁定溶液。然而，我们需要评估肝素在冷冻储存期间是否会影响达巴万星的生物活性：我们测试了达巴万星+肝素（DH）与达巴万星（D）对葡萄球菌生物膜的生物活性，比较了 DH 与 D 在冷冻前和冷冻储存长达 6 个月期间获得的 cfu 计数和代谢活性的中值：结果：尽管在第 3 个月时，DH 和 D 的表皮葡萄球菌代谢活性降低的中位数百分比略有下降（97.6 对 100，p=0.037），但考虑到临床标准，在实验结束时，D 和 DH 溶液的任何测试变量均未观察到显著降低：结论：在达巴万星锁定溶液中添加肝素不会影响其对葡萄球菌生物膜的生物活性，无论其在冷冻条件下的保存时间长短。

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引用次数: 0

Sinus fungal balls caused by Syncephalastrum spp.: 2 clinical cases and literature review 由头癣菌属引起的鼻窦真菌球：2 个临床病例和文献综述。

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2024.06.005

Introduction

Syncephalastrum spp. is a mucoral that rarely produces pathology. Fungal balls caused by this genus are infrequent. It requires early diagnosis and treatment to avoid associated morbidity and mortality.

Methods

We describe two clinical cases of sinus fungus balls caused by Syncephalastrum spp. and review the literature.

Results

Two patients were treated for sinus fungus balls. When their samples were analysed, the aetiology was determined to be Syncephalastrum spp. A case of pulmonary fungus ball due to Syncephalastrum spp. is described in the literature. All cases, including these described in the present study, had a good evolution after treatment.

Conclusions

Syncephalastrum spp. is a filamentous fungus that should be considered as an aetiology of sinus fungus ball.

简介Syncephalastrum spp.是一种粘菌，很少引起病变。由该菌属引起的真菌球并不常见。它需要早期诊断和治疗，以避免相关的发病率和死亡率：方法：我们描述了两例由Syncephalastrum属真菌引起的鼻窦真菌球的临床病例，并回顾了相关文献：结果：两名患者接受了鼻窦真菌球治疗。结果：两名患者因鼻窦真菌球接受了治疗，在对他们的样本进行分析后，确定病原体为合头菌属。包括本研究中描述的病例在内的所有病例在治疗后都获得了良好的发展：综合头孢菌属是一种丝状真菌，应被视为鼻窦真菌球的病原体。

引用次数: 0

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